I ^^^^^^ ^3^^0rL.U'jO'^<^^^ Q Vol. :^, No. 1. I I i -'J ■ . s ■ 1 PROCEEDINGS OP THE Entomological Society OF PIl IT. AJ 3EI.P»III^. APRIL JUNE, 1884. I'TIILADELPHTA: PI^THSTTEID BY THE ^OCIET-y. (5 i h h r- ^^'^ ^ ^^j^,.jQoooq.^i^yg7y7g;;V^^ PROCEEDINGS OP THI ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY or PHILADELPHIA. VOL. III. 1864. PHILADELPHIA : PRINTED BY THE SOCIETY. 1864. /lull LIST OF PAPERS. BaSSETT, H. F. PA(iK Descriptions of several new species of Cynips, and a new species of Diastrophus, ...... 679 Bland, James H. B. Descriptions of several new species of North American Cole- optera, ......... 65 Descriptions of several new North American Coleoptera. • 253 Cleimens, Brackenrtdge, M. D. North American Micro-Lepidoptera. .... 505 Cresson, E. T. On the North American species of the genus Osmia, . 17 Descriptions of several new species of North American Apidse, 38 Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera, in the Col- lection of the Entomologiciil Society of Philadelphia, 131. 257 Descriptions of two new genera of North American Ichneu- monidse, ......... 397 Descriptions of two new species of Masaris, . . .672 Edwards, W. H. Description of the female of Argynnis Diana. . . . 481 Notes on the Argynnides of California, .... 434 (tRote, Aug. R. Description of a new genus and species of North American Noctuina, ......... 2 Descriptions of North American Lepidoptera, 73, 322, 521 List of a collection of Lepidoptera Heterocera taken near Williamstown, Mass., ...... 92 Notes on certain species of North American Lepidoptera. 535 Kirki'atrick, John. List of Diurnal Lepidoptera, found in the vicinity of (Cleve- land, Ohio, 328 IV JilNTiNER. J. A. PAGE Notes on some of the Diurnal TiCpidoptera of the State of New York, with descriptions of their Larvae and Chry- salides, ......... oO Notes on some Sphingidfe, with descriptions of their larvae and pupge. ......... 645 Norton, Edward. Notes on Tenthredinidae, with descriptions of new species in the Collection of the Entomological Society, ... 5 OsTEN Sacken, Baron R. Description of several new North American Ctenophorae, 45 Packard, A. S. Jr. Synopsis of the Bombycidae of the United States, 97, 331 Reakirt, Tryon. Descriptions of three new species of Jjimacodes, . . 250 Notes upon Exotic licpidoptera, chiefly from the Philippine Islands, with descriptions of some new species, . . 443 Waesh, Ben.j. D., M. a. On the Pupa of the Ephemerinous genus Baetisca, Walsh, 200 On certain Entomological Speculations of the New England School of Naturalists, 207 On Phytophagic varieties and Phytophagic species, . . 403 On the Insects, Coleopterous, Hymenopterous and Dipte- rous, inhabiting the Galls of certain species of Willow. Part 1st.— Diptera, 643 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. J STATED MEETING, April 11. President Bland in the Chair. Twenty members present. A letter was read from J. Carson Brevoort. dated Brooklyn. March I7th, 1864. acknowledging his election as a Corresponding Member of the Society. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — '■ Description of several new North American Ctenophorae. by Baron R. Osten Sacken." '• Notes on some of the Diurnal Lepidoptera of the State nf New York, with descriptions of their Larvae and Chrysalides, by J. A. liintner." And were referred to Committees. (Ju report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be printed : — [ Apri l Description of a New Genus and Species of North American NOCTUINA, BY AUG. R. GROTE. Curator of Entomology. Buftalo Society Natural Sciences. PHILOMMA. nov. gen. Size moderate ; form slight ; wings broad ; anterior wings with the internal margin straight, external mai'gin moderately oblique and rounded, costal margin slightly rounded, 12-veined, veins 5 and free, vein 4 equidistant from 3 and 5 at base, diseal cell open, subcostal cell small, elongate, its lower marginal vein indented midway between each extremity; posterior wings i^-veined, veins 1 and 2 free to base, veins 8 and 7 (costal and subcostal) diverging from a common stem at the extreme base ; antennse moderate, simple ; tongue short ; thorax mode- rately clothed with fine short hair ; abdomen moderately stout, slightly exceeding the posterior wings, smooth, not crested ; palpi slight, hardly exceeding the front; legs moderate, evenly clothed with short pubes- cence, hind tibia3 with four moderately stout spurs. I erect this genus for a delicate Noctuid belonging to M. Boisduval's Ife.liofhidf€, the ornamentation of which is peculiar and different from anything I have yet met with in the Noctuina. The ordinary spots and lines are absent except the transverse posterior line which is indi- cated by the difference of coloring between the median and subtermi- nal spaces and by a series of white dots on the veins. At the outer extremity of the diseal space, at the base of vein 5, is a small neatly defined I'ounded ocellus with a whitish center, aunulated with reddish, and a second, larger, and with a blackish center, is situated on the median vein anterior to its furcation ; these ocelli at first sight seem to indicate a corresponding vein structure, which, on denuding the wing of scales, is seen not to be the case. The pterogostic structure resembles that of Aiifhoecia {inarglnata) ; the subcostal cell is broader at the middle and vein 4 is not so near 8 at its base ; the tongue is shorter, wings relatively broader than in Anthuecia. The eyes in the dried specimen are ornamented with petal-sliaped marks, diverging, like radii, from a common center. 1S(U.] 3 Philomma Henrietta, ikiv. sp. (Plate 2, fig. 1.) Anterior wings broad ; ordinary spots and lines obsolete. Median and basal spaces bright lemon yellow, without markings except two ocellated spots : the smaller, situate at the outer extremity of the discal cell at the base of vein 5, with a whitish center and a reddish encir- cling line which is darker shaded internally : the larger, situate on the median vein anterior to the branches, with blackish center and similar encircling line. Transverse posterior line subobsolete, regularly undu- late, slightly arcuated superiorily, indicated by a series of white spots on the veins, subterminal and terminal spaces narrow, bright rose color ; subterminal and terminal lines entirely obsolete ; fringes rose color. Costa rose color j internal margin from transverse posterior line to base narrowly bordered with the same shade. Posterior wings silky, pale brownish, paler along the external mar- gin ; fringes pale, very slightly shaded with rose color. Under surface of anterior wings silky, blackish on the disc, shaded with rose color in the terminal space and along costal and internal margins. Under surface of posterior wings silky, pale yellowish, shaded with rose color along costal margin and at external angle. Palpi, head, thorax and tegulje, rose color ; abdomen greyish ; legs ro.se color on their outer surface, tarsi greyish. Expanse f inch. Hah. Eastern States. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. My specimens are apparently all 9 9 , and were taken by Mr. Rid- ings during the mouth of August at mid-day, on leaves of plants in the northern part of Massachusetts. The rose color of the anterior wings is brighter, but recalls the same shade in Alaria flortda. I append a list of the described North American species of Noctuina included under the present sub-family, following almost entirely the arrano-ement of Mr. Walker. I am led to believe that the limit of the genus Hrliothis is at present too restricted, aud that the species included under Orla Cleyer. and perhaps other allied genera, will ulti- mately be found not improperly associated under the same generic name with annigara, though the coloration is widely different. [April NOCTUINA, p. H-S. HELIOTHID.E, Bdv., Gueii.. Walk. ORIA Geyer. sanguinea Geyer. ALARIA Westw. gaurse A. & S. ■matutina Hilb. florida Guen. LEPIPOLYS Guenee. perscripta Gmn. CHLOEIDEA Westw. rhexiae A. A S. virescens Fab. subflexa Guen. TAMILA Guenee. nundina Druiy. nigrirena Haw. PHILOMMA (irote. henrietta Grote. ANTHCECIA Hnisd. marginata Haw., Gt. /•ivi'Jofin Guen. arcifera Guen. arcigem Wa 1 k. Spraguei Grote. jaguarina (iuen. lynx . ANAETA « funesta Pk. funchris Hub. melaleuca Beeklin. leucoptera Esp. inoesfa Hub. leucocycla Staml. melanopa Beeklin. trisfis Hilb. rupestris Hiib. vidua Treit. i amissa Lefb. I algida Lefli. : Richardsoni Curtis. j septentrionis Walk, constricta Walk. rigida Walk. impingens Walk, cordigera Sebaldt. nlbiraui Hub. brephoides Walk. I>^•|l^ )cllS. lS(i4.] • ^ Notes on TENTHREDINID3;, with descriptions of new species, In the Collection of the Entomological Societiy. BY EDWARD NORTON. Genus TEICHIOSOMA. 1. Trichiosoma triangulum. Kirby. In place of the triangular black spot which ordinarily covers most of the tergum, a specimen from Colorado has most of the tergum yel- lowish rufous, with irregular black spots on the two basal segments above and beneath. Otherwise it agrees with specimens from Hud- son's Bay Territory and California. Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One male. Genus HYLOTOMA. 2. Hylotoma McLeayi. Leaeli. Leach describes the wings as •• subfuscous, at the apex subhyaline." but the most common species in this country, which has come to be considered the typical species, has the wings smoky, at the apex clear, with a round fuscous spot beneath the stigma, which touches the first submarginal and does not extend beyond the black dot in the niiddle of the second. This is found from Maine to Illinois. 3. Hylotoma ceruleus. u. sp. Blue-black, with violaeeou.- wings aufl a fuscous s))ot below tlie stigma. (Long 0..32. Br. wings 0.70 in.) 9 . Color violaceous, shining : antennse short, stout, black ; palpi white: legs tlie color of body, their knees and anterior tibife dark pieeous ; wings smoky violaceous, clearer toward tlie tips; the whole of marginal cell fuscous; a round darker spot below the stigma, covering most of the first and second submargina 1 cells: nervures black: lower middle cell of underwings not more than li.-ilf as long or large as the upper. Pennsylvania. (Coll. P]nt. Soc. Philad.) One female. 1. Hylotoma clavicornis, Fab. This has the wings hyaline, their basal half a little smoky; the fus- cous spot below the stigma semi-cylindrical, with the flattened side toward the tip of the wings. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. j r>. Hylotoma abdominalis, Leach. This is larger than //. chiricorhlx. but is very much like it ; the ab- domen is of one color, with the apex beneath sometimes blue-black ; 6 [April the wings have the fuscous ;, wliich is very narrow: nasus incurved: edge of labrum almost square : head and thorax ochre dark lirown ; mouth, tegula;, anterior angle, basal plates, abdomen and most jiart of legs, yellowish : tips of posterior tibice and their tarsi fuscous: winge faintly smoky, stigma and costa jiiile, 2nd submarginal with two angles beneath. Rocky Mountains. Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc, Philad.) One female. 12. Nematus erythrogaster, n. sp. Black; the collar and abdomen except at base above, rufous: wings clear. (Long 0.28. Br. wings 0.60 in.) 9. Shining black: antennae more tlian half the length of body, slender, joints not enlarged at tips, 3rd longer than ith. ; head rugose with a large de- pression, triloliate below, enclosing ocelli : nasus moderately incurved, labrum j)iccous ; apical lialf of mandibles rufous ; tegulfe, a triangle on collar, and the al)domen, except the two basal segments rufous; legs varied, the coxfe, tro- chanters, intermediate tibiae and tarsi and a band at the base of the hinder tibite, white, the four hinder femora and a]>ex of intermediate tibiae rufous ; tips of hinder femora, apical two-thirds of their tibiie and the tarsi, lilack : wings perfectly clear, stigma fuscous, costa ])ale. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. The anterior less are wautins'. Genus MESSA. 1 3. Messa hyalina, n. sp. Black, with white tegulae and legs, and clear wings. (Long O.Ki. Ri-. wings 0.36 in.) 5 . Shining black ; antennae slender, longer than beyond the base of abdo- men, setaceous, 1st joint longer than 2nd, 3rd longer than 4th; head polished, rounded, almost smooth about the ocelli: nasus slightly incurved: labrum wide, rounded, and, with the mandibles at base and the tegulae, white; abdo- men somewhat stout and acute ; legs white, the coxae black, except at tijj, pos- terior femora with a reddish tinge, tips of their tibite blackish ; wings j^erfectly transparent, stigma almost wholly white: 1st submarginal somewhat rounded. 3rd almost square : 2nd recurrent nervure almost coinciding with 2nd su>)nLar- ginal cross nervure: lanceolate cell j'Ctiolate ; underwings with two middle cells. New Jersey. (Coll. Ent. Soe. Philad. 1 One specimen. Genus SELANDRIA. Sec. I. Tribe 2. 1 1. Selandria barda. AUantus barda, Say. Black; tegulfe. pro- and mesothorax and an angle on pleura, red. (Long 0.2,S. Br. wings 0.64 in.) % . Shining black ; 2ud joint of antenna} as long but not as large as the 1st: .ird as long as the 4th and 5th; head nearly as wide as thorax, polished : the abdomen wide and bluntly rounded at the end ; the tegulse, prothorax. meso- thorax, the anterior half of scutel and an angle on forward part of pleura, red : legs black, the apical half of anterior femora and their tibiae and the knees of intermediate pair reddish : wings ample, black-fuscous, darkest toward base, uervures black. Var. % . The lobes of mesothorax partly black. Peunsylvauia. (Coll. P]nt. Soc. Philad.) Two specimons. 1 ."). Selandria medius, u. sp. Black, with white tegulffi, collar and legs. (Long 0.20. Br. wings 0.4.') in.) 9. Shining black, antenna} as in S. til ice ; the depressions at sides of ocelli join a straight cross groove above, but do not extend to summit; the lower ocellus is in an oval space, with no deep cross sinus below, as in S. tili(z ; tegulse and most of anterior angle white, legs below trochanters reddish white: base of femora darkest ; wings hyaline ; marginal dividing nervure curved, received near middle of 3rd submarginal, 2nd recurrent nervure beneath, almost coin- ciding with 2nd submarginal cross nervure, 1st submarginal oval. %. Antennse more flattened, more of black on the base of coxfe ; marginal dividing nervure nearer to 3rd submarginal nervure: 2nd recurrent nervure received nearer to the middle of cell. New Jersey. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) Sec. III. Tribe 2. lii. Selandria fasciatus, n. sp. Black ; legs below the knees except tip of hinder tibiae, white, basal half of wings blackish. (Long 0.20. Br. wings 0.50 in.) 9. Shining black, 3rd joint of antennse as long as the 4th and 5tli : head shining, lower ocellus in a heart-shaped depression ; a sinus between, above the base of antennsE, with a little pit upon each side ; legs black : their tibia^ and tarsi, except the apical joints, pure white ; the apex of posterior tibice black ; wings ample, their basal half blackish fuscous ; apical half hyaline. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. This may be a variety of Selandria rerasi. The broad band 011 tlie Ijase of the wings is very distinct. Genus ALLANTUS. 17. Allantus unicinctus, n. sp. Black, a wide annulus on antennae, the face beneath, collar, scutel, Ith and .Jth segments of abdomen and lower half of legs, white. (Long 0.47. Br. wings 0.02 in.) 10 [Al'RIL 9. Dull black: antenuse not as long as thorax, 1st joint twice as long as 2nd. 3rd as long as both the 4th and 5th ; color black at base, from the 4th to Sth inclusive white, apical joint brownish : head rugose, with a sinus below the lower ocellus, nasus emarginate: labrum extended and pointed; both, with the base of mandibles, a wide mark on collar, upper half of scutel, a spot on each side of basal plates and an adjacent sjiot at base of posterior coxre, the 4th and 5th segments of abdomen whitish straw color: thorax dull with fine separated ])unctures: legs black al)oye the knees: the whole apical half of anterior femora, apical half of intermediate femora before and all the tibireand tarsi yellowish white; tips of posterior tibise blackish ; tips of the four anterior tibise and of all the tarsi reddish: wings clouded, apical half darkest, nervures black, stigma and eosta brown. %,. The 4th and 5th joints of antennae black above, the sjwt on collar small. the sides of 1st and 2nd and all of the 3rd segments of abdomen, excejit a spot on its apical end above, yellowish. Rocky Mountains. Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) IS. Allantus basilaris, Say. Var. a. S . Antenutie longer than usual ; their two basal joints and part of the third somewhat rufous ; aVjdomen lengthened, mostly black, with a large whitish spot on the 3rd, 4th and 5th segments above and beneath ; legs reddish white, the intermediate femora above and most part of posterior femora black, their tibife ferruginous, darkest toward apex. Massachusetts (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) ; Maine. (Mr. Packard.) Genus MACROPHYA. 8cc. 2. I'.i. Macrophya bicinctus, Norton. Var. (I. 9 . All the apical segments of the tergura beyond the third rufous, instead of only the 4th, 5th and 6th. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) 8cr. 3. 2(1. Macrophya tibiator, n. sp. Black: the collar ami basal plates white: a white line down the anterior femora and all the tibiae and tarsi. (Long 0.39. Br. wings 0.76 in.) 9- Dull black: 2nd joint of autennje one-third the length of 1st ; head nearly as wide as thorax, coriaceous below ocelli: nasus moderately incurved, white: labrum advanced, piceous : scutellum and jileura coarsely punctured : teguhe, edge of ci.iUar and of basal plates, white: legs black, all of the trochanters, a line on the apical half of anterior femora and down all the four anterior tibi;e and tarsi before and the posterior tibise and tarsi above, white ; all the tibife ami tarsi tipi^ed with black: apical half of all the wings smoky, their base clear, nervures blackish. ls(U.] 11 %. The abdomen quite slender, a black spot on labnmi, which is pale: a white line down all the coxae and the four anterior legs, a lengthened wedge- like spot on posterior tibiee above and a similar line on first tarsal joint: re- maining joints white at base. Massachusetts (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila.) ; Connecticut. The wino's of those from Connecticut are of a lio'ht color. This is the Macrophi/a epinotus, Var. h. previously described. 21. Macrophya zonalis. n. sp. Black, the tips of antenure, mouth, collar, scutel. V spot, 3 spots on pleura, a band on each segment of abdomen and the legs in part, white. (L(nig 0.44. Br. wings 0.92 in.) 9. Shining black, ord joint of anteuuEB nearly as long as 4th and .ath, the apex of the 5th and the four apical joints white, the extreme tip brown ; head wide, polished,, having obsolete punctures, strongly depressed at sides of ocelli ; nasus slightly incurved, labruni conical, its form almost truncate; a spot above ocelli, a dot below anteunse, nasus and mouth below, collar, a V on front lobe of mesothorax, an annulus at the base of each segment, enlarged at the sides be- neath, a spot below the anterior, a cross stripe below posterior wings, and a tri- angular spot in middle of pleura, white; legs black, the two anterior pair and the posterior femora white beneath, a large white spot on posterior coxfe ; the four ajjical tarsi on the four anterior legs white, their tijss black ; posterior tarsi black, their first joint nearly as long as all the rest, wings faintly clouded on their apical half, nervures blackish. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. Genus TENTHREDO. 22. Tenthredo pectoralis, n. sp. Black: the face, tegulaj, collar, most of body beneath and legs, white. (Long 0.36. Br. wings 0.72.) %. Color shining black; autennoB hardly longer than to first segment of ab- domen, not stout, 3rd joint one-half longer than 4th ; head polished : an en- closed oval space below lower ocellus; nasus emarginate, labrum roundeil before; thorax dull with sjjarse punctures; nasus. mouth beneath, cheeks, a spot above the base of each of antenufe, tegulse, collar, and the whole of body beneath, white ; upjier edge of pleura and a large semicircular line on jiectus between 1st and 2nd pair of legs, black ; legs black above and white beneath, coxse mostly white, sjjurs long; wings faintly clouded on the apical half, ner- vures blackish. Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) The antennee are shorter than in any species that I have seen and are like those of Macrophya. The antennae of the three following species are a little longer, but yet shorter than in most other species. The four species seem allied in their general form and markings, so as to form a separate group from other species. 12 [April 2.'.. Tenthredo semi-rufus. n. sp. Black, the apical half of abdomen rufous : wings hyaline. (Long 0.i(i. Br. wings 0.92 in.) 9 . Color black: antennae not longer than to 3rd segment of abdomen : joints swelled at tips, the 3rd one-half longer than 4th ; head rugose, the furrows at sides of and behind ocelli very distinct ; a cross suture on upj^er edge of head : clypeus deeply notched, labrum produced, rounded at end : both of these, the basal half of mandibles, collar and a dot above posterior eoxce, white: a spot on the 4tli segment above and the five apical segments of abdomen rufou.-^: legs black: the anterior ]iair Itelow the coxfe white before; the femora of 2nd pair and the tibiee and tarsi of both the hinder pair reddish, becoming whiter on the tarsi ; apical joint of all the tarsi pale, hinder spurs long, rather blunt: wings slightly clouded: uervures, stigma and costa blackish. Var. a. Collar and 4th segment of abdomen wholly black : posterior femora rufous before and the 1)asal half of posterior tibife also rufous above: the costa in both pair of wings and some of the basal nerves reddish. Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. (CoW. Ent. Soo. Philad.) Two specimens. 21. Tenthredo var iegatus. n. sp. Black : the face, tegulse, collar, breast and legs beneath white, apical half of abdomen rufous. (Long 0.36. Br. wings 0.76 in.) % . Color lilack : antennae not longer than to 2nd segment of abdomen : head rugose, with distinct furrows at sides of ocelli : nasus and labrum as in the pre- vious species: an oval dot above the base of each of antennae, a short line on the summit of inner orbit, the cheeks, nasus and mouth beneath, tegnlae, collai'. a longitudinal mark on pleura and a large spot on breast, before intermediate legs, a spot above posterior coxse and all the legs Vjeneath, including the coxae, white : abdomen mostly yellow- rufous, the 1st, 2nd and half of 3rd and 4th seg- ments of tcrgum black: venter toward its base whitish; legs black above; apex of coxaj white: tarsi all black, their patellas beneath white; apical half of wings clouded, nervures black, basal half of stigma white, 2nd subniargiual cell long and rather narrow. 3rd submarginal not longer than the width of its outer end : 2n(l recurrent nei-vure received very near 2nd submarginal cross iiervure. Rocky Motmtuins, Col. Tor. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philarl.; One specimen. This may be a variety of 7\ pii-toralii<. 2.3. Tenthredo variatus. n. sj). Blaclc: face, cheeks, tegulse. collar, line and spots on pleura and on breast, white; abdomen rufous. {% 9 Long 0.4() to 0.48. Br. wings 0.8(5 to 0.92 in.) 9. Color black: antennae as in jirevious species, ends of joints somewhat globose: head enlarged Ijehiud the eyes and incurved bt'liind: sliining. having confluent punctures, depressions about ocelli as in previous species: nasus and labrum aot above the anterior and posterior coxte, another on the sides of basal phites and a spot on breast before intermediate legs, white: abdomen rufous with 1st. 2nd and 3rd segments above and beneath and the apex beneath black : legs black, red and white ; all the coxae (except a black spot above), trochan- ters and anterior legs before and all the patellsB, white, anterior pair above and both the posterior pair more or less rufous, with a slender black line down all the femora and the four anterior tibiae ; apical half of wings smoky, nervures black, stigma pale at base, costa reddish. 9 . Labrum not pointed, but rounded before : a slender white orbital line on tlie inner half of orbit : all of pleura, exeejit a prolonged triangle beneath the wings and the breast, white: the femora whitish beneath. Rocky Mounttiiiis, Col.Ter. (Coll. Eiit. 8oc. Philad.) Two specimens. !''>. Tenthredo xanthus. n. sp. Honey yellow ; face, tegulpe. collar and a spot above posterior legs white; front of prothorax and a spot on breast, black. (Long 0.52. Br. wings 0.96 in.) 9 . Brownish honey yellow ; antennse not longer than to 2nd segment of ab- domen, somewhat flattened. 1st joint stout, 2nd more slender, not half as long: the two basal joints and part of third beneath rufous, the remainder black : head as wide as thorax, thick, widened behind the eyes, furrows at sides of ocelli deejj and narrow, enclosure behind square, nasus deeply incurved, labrum produced and rounded at end: head with indistinct confluent punctures; an obsolete line on inner orbits and a spot above each of antennse, the face below, cheeks, tegulse, collar with a connected dot beneath, the outer edge of basal j)lates and a spot above posterior coxse white or pale straw color: the prothorax, the front of anterior lobe and a dot at base of sides of side lobes of niesothorax, breast, a narrow line iu the sutures of the 2nd, .Srd. 4th and 6th segment and part of the apex beneath, black: legs the color of body, their anterior coxt-e and the two anterior pair before, pale: inner spur on anterior tibife two-thirds as long as first joint of tarsi, sharp and widely bifid: hinder legs long and stout: wings smoky, nervures blackish, costa and basal nervures i-ufous: base of stigma pale. Var. a. A triangular white spot on pleura. Var. b. The antennse whitish beneath. Pike's Peak. Col. Ter. (Coll. Eiit. Soc. Philad.) Twenty-two speci- mens examined. This bears a close resemblance to 7\ tne/lun(^ of Maine and the White Motintains. 27. Tenthredo angulatus, n. sp. Black, witli the orbits, face below antonnfe. collar. V spot on thorax, an angu- lar line and spots on jjleura and the breast white: apical half of abdomen ru- fous. (Long 0.32. Br. wings 0.70 in.) % . Shining black : antenn;ie very long, enlarged and flattened in middle. orleura, a sjiot above posterior coxaj and the breast, white : coxre blaek above : the four anterior legs white, black above: posterior legs black, their trochan- ters white and femora in the mirldle whitish : abdomen rufous, the two basai segments and sides of third black, at base beneath paler; wings hyaline, ner- vures blackish. Massachusetts. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. This resembles T. /lissimiiis, especially in the length and form oi antennae, bitt there is no angular line on the pleura of that. 2S. Tenthredo formosus, n. sp. Black, with inner orbital lines, face below antenme, cheeks, collar, spots on sides of scutel and on pleura, venter and legs in part, white; apex of tergnm and posterior femora, rufous. (Long Co,*?. Br. wings 0.98 in.) 9. Shining black; antennsB moderate, joints enlarged at tip; 3rd joi)it one- half longer than 4th; head large and wide, polished, furrows aljout ocelli dis- tinct; lower ocellus in an oval sinus, open above and below, nasus deeply notched, clypeus round ; a stripe from near the summit of head half down the inner orbit on each side ; the face below autenuse, cheeks, tegula;, collar, a spot on each side of scutel, with an outer-side spot, three dots beneath on each side of postscutel, edge of basal plates, a large spot on jjleura with one before and two behind it and the venter, except at tip, white ; the five apical segments of tergum, and apex of venter rufous ; the coxee, trochanters, most of anterior legs, of middle femora and basal third of posterior femora, white; intermedi- ate tiljite and tarsi and most of posterior femora and tibiae rufous ; a slender blaek line down the two anterior pair of legs, the base of posterior femora above, the apex of tibise and their tarsi black; apical half of wings somewhat clouded, nervures blackish, stigma at tip black, its base and the eosta }>ale rutbus. "^ . The male has most of the tergum rnfotis. and the breast and coxee of a waxen color. Massachusetts. (Coll. Eut. Soc. Philad.) Maine. I have received this fine insect from Mr. Scudder (Mass.). and from Mr. Packard (Maine.) 29. Tenthredo semi-rubra. n. sp. Black: the apical half of abdomen rufous. (Long (Koi. Br. wings 0.98.) 9. Sliiniug black: antennae moderate, slender, enlarged at tips of joints. slightly tlattened beyond the middle, 3rd joint longer than 4th ; head thick- ened, wider than thorax, polished, with deep depressions at sides of ocelli : a square, punctured, enclosed space back of ocelli, a deep sinus below lower ocellus extending between antennaj; nasus emarginate, labrtxm rounded before: both, with the mandibles and palpi, white ; the two basal segments of abdomen black, remainder rufous; abdomen lengthened and not very stout; legs black. 1X04.] 15 the anterior tibipe before, all the spines, the four anterior tarsi and apex of last joint of posterior tarsi piceous: wings faintly clouded on apical half. Massachusetts. (Coll. Eut. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. This may prove to be a variety of T. tricolor. The abdomen is formed like that of T. anrpih'frr and T. formoiius. 'MK Tenthredo rufo-pedibus. u. sp. Black: the middle of abilonieu and most part of legs rufous. (Long 0.44. Br. wings 0.92 in.) %. Black: antennffi moderate, slender, joints enlarged at tips, 8rd longer than 4th: head wide, polished, depressions as in last species; nasus with a deep semicircular notch : a minute oval dot above base of each of antennjB, face and cheeks beneath, tegula?, collar, a wide angulate line like an L on pleura and a spot above both anterior and posterior coxce, white : breast waxen; abdo- men rufous on the 3rd, 4th. 5th and part of the 6th segments above and all but the two apical segments beneath : legs mostly rufous, the four anterior coxfe waxen: a spot on the tips of anterior femora above and the apical half of pos- terior tibiae and their tarsi black, except end of apical joint, which is rufous: ends of intermediate joints blackish: wings large, hyaline. Pennsylvania. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.)^ The wings are larger than those of T. rujipes and 7\ ra/o/nctus. and the antennfe longer. Genus LYDA. Sec. I. Anterior tibice loith one side spur. •! 1 . Lyda brunnicans, n. sp. Ochre brown, with many yellow spots on head and body. (Long 0.48. Br. wings 1.06 in.) 9 . Color ochre brown : antennw long, slender, about 36-jointed, color of body: head polished having sparse punctures, depressions very slight, edge of nasus irregular: ocelli black; two oval spots on occipitt, enclosed by two semilunate spots, which are enlarged at ends and touch the eyes, two large spots outside of antennffi, two obsolete spots above antennee. cheeks, edge of nasus. obsolete spots on collar and anterior lolie and base of middle lobes of mesothorax and soutei, the postscutel. prothorax beneath, most of pleura, a spot above posterior coxse and the edges of abdominal segments beneath, white, or straw color ; legs color of body : one side spur on anterior and three on the sides of four posterior tibiaj: wings ample, clouded, clearest at base, nervures brown; marginal divid- ing nei'vure coinciding with the 2nd submargiual cross nervure: .Srd brachial cell without cross nervure. Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. ) One specimen. The abdomen of this species is very wide and large. Sec. II. Anterior tibice without .side spur. 32. Lyda multisignatus, n. sji. Black: many yellow spots on hfad and thorax; abdomen rufous. (Long 0.32. Bi'. wings 0.72 in.) IG [April 9. Shiiiiim black: antennaj black, 24-jointed, 1st joint three times as long a^f 2nd: head polished, with furrows at sides of ocelli from aritennce to back of head, eonnocted by a straight cross furrow : mandible long, sharp, bidentate : one mandible with a small tooth between 1st and 2nd and the other with merely a projection : a lunate spot on each side above ocelli, enclosed by two larger lunate spots, which connect with a short inner orbital line, four ovate parallel spots above antennae, a large spot on cheeks, nasus (with two inner bla.ik dots), base of mandibles, palpi, tegulse, collar, a V on anterior lobe, a tri- angular spot at base of each middle lobe of mesothorax and the summit of scutel, pale straw color : abdomen yellow-rufous ; legs of three colors : the coxae and trochanters black, femora white, tibiae and tarsi dark waxen ; eacli of the four posterior tibias with two side spurs; wings ample, slightly clouded at ends, marginal dividing nervure not coinciding with 2nd submarginal ner- vuie, the ;5rd brachial cell with incomplete cross nervure. Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. Genus XYPHIDRIA. .'53. Xyphidria tibialis. Say. This specimen diticrs from Say's description in having whitish spots upon the head. The antennae are black, 15-jointed, 8rd and 4th equal, very slender toward the tip. There are two oval spots on the summit, and a line, interrupted on occiput, around the outer edge of head end- ing on the inner orbit, opposite antennae. In other respects this agrees with that described by Say. Ohio. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. Genus UROCERUS. ;U. Urocerus Cressoni. n. sp. Black, the anteunaj tipped with white, the apex of abdomen rufous. (Long 0.()4, with ovipositor 0.86. Br. wings 1.24 in.) 9 . Black : antennae 20-jointed, the ten apical joints straw color, the base of the 11th and tij) of last joint brown; head and thorax coarsely punctured: a rufous spot not defined at edges, back of the eyes at the sides of occiput: the six basal segments of abdomen of a soft velvety purple-brown, the three apical segments rufous: legs black, the base of posterior tibias and of 1st joint of their tarsi white, remaining joints blackish, nails of all the tarsi red : wiugs ob- scure brownish violaceous, nervures piceous. Pennsylvania. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) One specimen. The wings are more obscure than those of Urocerus a/bicorni^. 1S(U.] 17 On the North American species of the genus OSMIA. BY E. T. CRESSON. Genus OSMIA. Latr. ••The labial palpi tour-jointed, the basal joint elongate, the second nearly twice as long, the third and fourth minute, the third inserted at tlie aj^ex of tlie second, the fourth at the apex of the third, the two latter elavate, truncate At their aj^ex. The maxillary palpi four-jointed, the basal joint stoutest, broad- est at the base, about the same length as the second and third joints, the apical joint minute. The superior wings with one marginal and two submarginal cells, the second submarginal cell receiving the two recurrent nervures. •• In tlie female the head is usually very large, subquadrate, the ocelli placed forward on the vertex in a sliglit curve; the abdomen furnished with a dense l)ollen-brush beneath. " Males usually reseuxbling the female, but more slender, having the antennae longer, and the apex of tlieir al)domen generally armed with spines or teeth." — Smith, Bees of Great Britain, p. 1.57. The bees of this interesting genus are generally of a bluish or green- ish color, having a short, robust form, more or less pilo.se, the head large, especially in the females, and the abdomen mostly subglobose. A very interesting account of the economy of these bees is given by Mr. Smith (Ibid. pp. 158—162). In this paper I have 33 North American species to record, all i)f which are known to me except two — 0. frigida Smith, and 0. hurco- lu's Say. In separating the closely allied species, I have relied much on the difference of sculpture and punctatiou, which seems to be very constant in the same species, although when more material has been accumulated, we may find intermediate grades of variation that will make varieties of some that are now considered distinct species. 1. 0. bucephala. n. sp. Female. — Head very broad, subquadrate, as large as the thorax, black with a slight bluish-green reflection, densely and finely punc- tured, clothed with rather long pubescence, which is black on the clypeus, dense and ochraceous about the insertion of the antennae, sparse on the vertex, and dense and fuscous on the cheeks beneath; apical uuirgin of the clypeus suddenly, strongly and squarely produced in the middle, and fringed beneath with a short fulvous pubescence, the lateral angles of this projection are obtuse but prominent; on each side of the clypeus immediately above the base of the mandibles a 1« [April small shining tubercle ; mandibles very stout, rugose and clothed with short fuscous pubescence, their apex broad, armed with three short teeth, the innermost one blunt, and the two outer ones approximate and subacute; lower margin of each mandible with a deep longitudinal channel, and a large irregular tubercle at the base immediately below each extreme lateral angle of the cljpeus ; inner orbits of the eyes acutely carinated ; antennae about the length of the head, black. Tho- rax black, finely and very closely punctured; densely clothed with rather long pubescence which is ochraceous above and on the sides, and fuscous beneath ; tegulas black, .shining and feebly punctured. Wings fusco-hyaline. apical margin paler ; nervures blackish. Legs black, clothed with black or fuscous pubescence. Abdomen subglo- bose, black with a greenish-blue reflection, minutely punctured, pol- ished ; basal segment above thickly clothed with rather long ochrace- ous pubescence ; the second segment with dark fuscous pubescence intermixed with ochraceous on the anterior part ; third, fourth and fifth segments with short black pubescence ; apical segment clothed with very short ochraceous pubescence ; beneath the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 7h lines. Hab. — Gi-reat Slave Lake, British America. One specimen. Coll. Smithsonian Institution. This and the next species are at once distinguished from all others known to me, by the large size, robust form and the unusually large head. Both species closely resemble each other, but are sufficiently distinct by the characters given in the descriptions. 2. 0. megacephala. n. sp. Female— Head very broad, subquadrate, rather larger than the thorax, black with a slight bluish reflection, densely and somewhat strongly punctured, clothed with rather long black pubescence, except a tuft above the insertion of each antenna which is ochraceous, the pubescence dense on the face and clypeus and sparse on the vertex ; clypeus and mandibles as in the preceding species ; inner orbits of the eyes acutely carinated ; antenufe about the length of the head, black. Thorax closely and somewhat strongl}^ punctured, black, densely clothed with rather long ochraceous pubescence, with a slight mixture of black on the disk above ; metathorax opaque blue-black, very minutely punc- tured, with a deep impression on its disk ; tegulte black, shining, feebly 1^64.] 19 punctured. Wings subhyaline, apical niargins clouded ; nervures black. Legs black, with black hairs ; tarsi beneath clothed with fuscous pu- bescence. Abdomen subglobose, black, with a very slight bluish reflec- tion, polished, minutely punctured ; the pubescence colored above and beneath as in the preceding species. Length Ti lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. One specimen. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philadelphia. Closely resembles the preceding species, but differs by the stronger punctation of the head and thorax, by the less robust form and by the different color of the wings. The head in this species is rather larger than the thorax, whereas in huccphala the head and thorax are about equal in size. 3. 0. longula, n. sp. Female. — Head subtransverse, black slightly tinged with deep blue in certain lights, subopaque, very densely, closely, and uniformly punc- tured ; face and clypeus with a sparse black pubescence, that on the vertex ochraceous, and on the cheeks beneath long and fuscous ; cly- peus slightly prominent, with the apical margin subemarginate ; man- dibles rather deeply channelled near the outer margin, apex armed with three teeth, the two innermost ones short and blunt, the outer tooth longer and subacute ; antennae longer than the head, black. Thorax black, with a greenish reflection posteriorly, subopaque, very densely, finely and closely punctured, clothed above with long ochraceous pu- bescence ; tegulae piceous, minutely punctured. Wings subhyaline ; nervures fuscous. Legs black, with black pubescence, tarsi with fus- cous pubescence. Abdomen subglobose, broader posteriorly, black with a greenish-blue reflection, polished, finely punctured ; basal segment above clothed with ochraceous pubescence, remaining segments with short black pubescence; beneath the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 7 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. One specimen. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philadelphia. 4. 0. juxta, n. sp. Female. — Head subtransverse, as wide as the thorax, black, with a deep blue reflection, densely and rather strongly punctured, face and vertex clothed with fuscous pubescence intermixed with ochraceous about the base of the antennas and on the vertex ; apical margin of the 20 [April clypeus truncate; mandibles stout, lower margin clianaelled, apex broad and armed with three teeth, the innermost one being short and bifid, and the others long and subacute; antennae short, black. Thorax black, tinged with greenish posteriorly, opaque, very densely and finely punc- tured, clothed above with long ochraceous pubescence, beneath with fuscous pubescence ; tegulae black, finely punctured. Wings subhya- line ; nervures blackish. Legs black, clothed with short fuscous pu- bescence. Abdomen subglobose, finely and rather densely punctured, polished, black with a bright bluish reflection changing to green to- wards the tip ; basal segment thinly clothed above with ochraceous pubescence, remaining segments with a very short scattering black pubescence ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 6 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains. Colorado Territory. One specimen. Coll. Kntom. Soc. Philadelphia. Clo.sely allied to 0. longula. but rather smaller, the head longer and broader, the clypeus truncate in front, and the mandibles larger, with their teeth differently shaped, the antennaj shorter, the second subuiar- ginal cell not so broad, and the abdomen not so robust as in that species. 5. 0. latitarsis. u. sp. Male. — Head dark blue-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long whitish pubescence which is rather thin on the vertex and cheeks and very dense on the face ; mandibles black, shining, deeply bified at tip, the inner tooth short, broad and truncate, the outer one rather long and acute; antennae black, as long as the head and thorax. Thorax dark blue-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long- dense whitish pubescence ; tegulae black, shining. Wings subhyaline. apical margins faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs black, clothed, especially the femora beneath, with rather long whitish pubescence ; tarsi beneath with fuscous pubescence ; the second, third and fourth joints of the intermediate tarsi subtriangular and broadly dilated; the innermost spur of the posterior tibije slightly incurved at tip, very long and about twice the length of the other; basal joint of the posterior tarsi rather long, clavate, broadest at tip ; apical joints of all the tarsi piceous. Abdomen broadest posteriorly, incurved at tip, black, with a blue- green reflection, shining, very densely and finely punctured, apical 1S(34.] 21 luarsin of the ses-ments above smooth and shining ; the two basal seo;- nients above clothed with whitish pubescence, that on the basal segment longest; the third, fourth and fifth segments clothed with black pubes- cence ; apical margin of the sixth segment broadly rounded, strongly reflexed. obsoletely notched in the middle and fringed with long whit- ish pubescence, also a thin patch of long pale pubescence on the disk of this segment; apical segment very slightly and obtusely emarginate ;it tip. Length 5f lines. Hah. — New York, Virginia. Three % specimens. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philadelphia, and Mr. E. Norton. Readily distinguished by the joints of the intermediate tarsi being subtriaugular and broadly dilated. ii. 0. hudsonica. n. sp. Male. — Head black, finely and densely punctured, clothed with long ochraceous pubescence which is dense on the face; antennae black, nearly as long as the thorax. Thorax black, finely and densely punc- tured, thickly clothed with long ochraceous pubescence, which is paler and more sparing beneath ; tegulas black, clothed with ochraceous pu- bescence. Wings subhyaline, the marginal cell and the apical margins clouded; nervures black. Legs black, thinly clothed with ochraceous pubescence ; apical joints of the tarsi rufous. Abdomen elongate, clavate. much narrowed towards the base and incurved at the apex ; black, shining, densely and minutely punctured, the apical margin of the segments above smooth and shining ; basal segment above clothed with ochraceous pubescence, the remaining segments with black pubes- cence, that on the two apical segments mixed with fuscous and ochra- ceous ; apical margin of the sixth segment broadly rounded, reflexed, obtusely notched on the middle and sulcate on the disk ; apical seg- ment slightly emarginate at tip ; the margin of the second segment beneath is produced into a large semicircular flattened plate. Length 5 lines. Hah. — Hudson's Bay Territory. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles 0. latitarsia in its general form, but quite distinct. These two species, especially the former, have much the appearance of certain males of Megacliile, e. g. M melano^ihsea Smith, but the maxillary jtalpi are 4-j(iinted. 22 [April 7. 0. chalybea. Smith. Osmia chalybea. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. i, p. 143. (1854.) " Female. Length lines. — Steel-blue, head very large, subquadrate and strongly punctured, the abdomen more finely so; the anterior mar- gin [of the clypeus] produced iu the middle, the apex of the lobe emarginate, the margin on each side crenulated ; the mandibles very large, a deep groove running along their inferior margin from the apex to the base, where it terminates in a pit or hollow. Thorax, the sides thinly covered with griseous pubescence ; beneath densely clothed with black pubescence. •' Male. — Closely resembles the female, the margin of the clypeus in this sex is entire, and the margin of the apical segment notched in the middle ; beneath, the ventral segment bidentate. .. Hab.—^i. John's Bluff, East Florida." One 9 specimen of this fine insect, from Florida, is in the collection of Mr. Edward Norton. I have not seen the male. S. 0. lignaria, Say. Osmia lignaria, Say. Bost. .Journ. Nat. Hist. i. p. 'M'J % ?. (1837.) Female. — Head large, subquadrate, bluish-green or dark blue, finely and densely punctured, cheeks and vertex clothed with black pubes- cence, that on the face is long, somewhat dense and whitish, sometimes slightly mixed with black; anterior margin of the clypeus produced and deeply emarginate ; mandibles stout, deeply channelled along the outer margin, and having a prominent tubercle on each side at base ; antennse longer than the head, black. Thorax bluish-green or dark blue, finely and densely punctured, clothed with rather long pubes- cence, which is whiti.sh slightly mixed with black above and entirely black beneath ; disk with a finely impressed longitudinal line ; tegulge black, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline, almost hyaline, the apical margins and the costal half of the marginal cell tinged with fuliginous Legs black, with black pubescence, that on the femora beneath sometimes pale. Abdomen subglobose, bluish-green or dark blue, rather densely and finely punctured, shining; the basal segment above and often the basal half of the second segment clothed with pale pubescence, the remaining segments with rather short black pubes- cence; beneath, the ventral scopa is den.se and black. Length 4-6 lines. Male. — Closely resembles the female, but is smaller and more paral- 1S04.] 23 lei; the head is clothed with long white pubescence, that on the face being very dense; the antennae are as long as the thorax; the anterior margin of the clypeus is smooth, shining and scarcely emarginate ; the thorax beneath, except immediately under the base of the wings, and the legs, especially the femora beneath, are clothed with long white pubescence ; apical margins of the sixth and seventh segments are entire, and the ventral segments have a rather long white pubescence. Hah. — Conn., N. Y., N. J.. Penn., Del., Va., and Kansas. Nume- rous specimens. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad., and Mr. E. Norton. A common species, and varies in color from blue to green and is even sometimes purplish ; the most general color, however, being blu- ish-green. The deeply emarginate clypeus will readily distinguish the 9 of this and the next species from all others known to me. 9. 0. propinqua. n. sp. Female. — Head large, subquadrate, as wide as the thorax, dark greenish-blue, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long black pubescence, which is mixed with ochraceous about the insertion of the antennae ; anterior margin of the clypeus strongly produced, and broadly, deeply and squarely emarginate in the middle, so as to leave on each side a rather long, stout, obtuse tooth, the outer face of the emargination black, smooth and shining ; mandibles stout, black, deeply channelled with the apex deeply bifid ; on each side of the extreme base of the mandibles a large smooth, shining tubercle, which has a deep impression posteriorly ; antennae black, rather longer than the head. Thorax blue-green, finely and densely punctured, clothed with long black pubescence, mixed with ochraceous above ; tegul^e black, shininsj, i)unctured. Winjrs subhvaline, costal half of the marginal cell and the apical margins clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs black, clothed with black pubescence. Abdomen subglobose. greenish-blue, shining, densely and minutely punctured ; the two basal segments above clothed with long ochraceous pubescence, the remaining segments with rather short black pubescence ; beneath the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length h\ lines. Hah.—^QXi Crook. California. Mr. H. Hike. Coll. Entom. Soc. I'hiladelphia. Closely resembles 0. liijitnria Say, but differs principally by the emargination of the clypeus being deeper and broader, and thereby 24 [ A PR [ L making the tooth ou each side much more prominent. It may be nothing more than a variety of that species. 10. 0. californica, n. sp. Female. — Head subtransverse. as wide as the thorax, densely and rather strongly punctured, black tinged with dark green, clothed with rather long black pubescence ; clypeus more strongly and less densely punctured, prominent, convex, shining, with a smooth line down its middle, anterior margin rather deeply emarginate; mandibles robust, apical tooth long and acute, deeply channelled along the outer margin ; antenna) black, scape shining, slightly tinged with green, flagellum beneath subsericeous. Thorax finely and densely punctured, black tinged with dark green, thickly clothed with long l>lack pubescence ; on each side above the tegukx) a very small smooth shining spot; meta- thorax tinged with deep blue; tegula? black, shining, finely punctured. Wings hyaline, the marginal and first submarginal cells and the apical margins faintly stained with fuscous; nervures blackish. Legs black, punctured, clothed with short black pubescence, the tarsi beneath with short fuscous pubescence. Abdomen subglobose, minutely punctured, black, with a greenish-blue reflection, shining, rather thickly clothed with short black pubescence ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 5 lines. Hah.— ¥ovi Crook, California. Mr. H. Ulke. CoU. Ent. Soe. Philad. Shaped like 0. Inpiaria Say, but is at once distinguished from that . species by the black pubescence and the shape of the clypeus. 11. 0. montana. u. sp. Male. — Head subquadrate, as wide as the thorax, densely and rather strongly punctured, deep blue, tinged with green anteriorly ; face densely clothed with long whitish pubescence ; the vertex has some long ochraceous, and the cheeks a rather long dense black pubescence ; clypeus more finely punctured, anterior margin truncate, smooth and shining; antennae as long as the head and thorax, black, flagellum piceous beneath. Thorax finely and very densely punctured; dark blue, opaque, clothed above with long ochraceous, and below with black pubescence; disk in front with a smooth shining longitudinal line and on each side of this line there is a very short impressed line proceeding from the anterior margin and extending obliquely inwards ; tegula? black and shining. Wings hyaline, nervures fuscous. Legs black, 1S(U.] 25 shining, clothed with black pubescence, the anterior femora beneath with long ochraceous pubescence; apical joints of the tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen subovate, deep blue, densely and finely punctured, the basal segment as well as a portion of the second segment, clothed with ochra- ceous pubescence, that on the basal segment long; remaining segments with short black pubescence ; apical segment notched in the middle ; beneath, the pubescence is black. Length 4i Hues. Hah. — Pike's Peak, Colorado Territory. Two specimens. Coll. Bntom. Soc. Philadelphia. Resembles in form some of the males of 0. lignarla Say, but quite distinct ; the wings of the two specimens before me are purely hyaline. 12. 0. densa, u. sp. Female. — Head subtransverse, slightly wider than the thorax, dark green, slightly tinged with blue about the clypeus, densely and finely punctured, the punctures rather finer on the clypeus ; the latter some- what prominent, densely clothed with short black pubescence, with the anterior margin depressed, truncate, black, smooth and shining ; vertex clothed with rather long fuscous pubescence, slightly mixed with ochra- ceous ; mandibles stout, deeply channelled along the outer margin and armed with three short blunt teeth, the innermost one bifid ; antennae rather longer than the head, black. Thorax dark opaque-blue anteri- orly, dark green with blue refiections posteriorly, very densely, conflu- eutly and rather strongly punctured, anteriorly the punctures are so dense and confluent as to appear granulate, on the scutellum and meta- thorax the punctures are finer ; clothed with rather long ochraceous pubescence ; disk of the thorax in front with a finely impressed longi- tudinal line, and on each side above the tegulte a minute, smooth, shin- ing spot ; tegulas blackish-piceous, slightly tinged with green, sparsely punctured, shining. Wings subhyaline, apical margin slightly clouded, nervures black. Legs black, shining, profoundly punctured, clothed with short black pubescence. Abdomen subglobose, densely and rather strongly punctured, dark green, shining, apical margins of the segments steel-blue, smooth and subdepressed ; the basal segment above thinly clothed with ochraceous pubescence, that on the apical segment some- what fuscous ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 4^ lines. Hah.—V\\ie^ Peak, Colorado Territory. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad. 26 [April Easily distinguished from all others known to me by the very dense punctation, especially of the thorax. Much of the pubescence is rub- bed off of the single specimen before me. 1?.. 0. frigida. Smith. Osmia frigida. Smith. Brit. Mus. Cat. i, p. 142, % 9. (1854.) " Female. Length 5 lines. — Black, the head has an ochraceous pu- bescence, which is dense on the face, and sparing on the cheeks and vertex. Thorax, the disk thickly clothed with ochraceous pubescence, the femora have a thin fringe beneath of the same color, on the tibi)« and tarsi it is fuscous ; wings subhyaline, their apical margins faintly clouded ; the two basal segments of the abdomen thinly clothed with ochraceous pubescence ; on the third, fourth and fifth it is black ; the apical segment covered with very short ochraceous pubescence ; be- neath it is dense and black. " Male. Length 3—1 lines. — The clypeus covered with long white pubescence, on the vertex and disk of the thorax it is long, thin and pale ochraceous ; the base of the abdomen has a little scattered long pale pubescence, otherwise it is short, sparing and fuscous ; the margin of the fifth segment fringed with brown pubescence ; the sixth segment has down the middle a shallow longitudinal channel; the apical mar- gin entire. " Hah. — Hudson's Bay." Unknown to me. 14. 0. bucconis, Say. Osmia bucconis. Say. Bost. .Jourii. Nat. Hist, i, p. 400, % 9- (lf'-57-) •' Female. — Body black, with rather short gray hairs, and obvious, dense punctures : head rather large, long between the eyes and thorax: nasus entire : mandibles with a patch of dense prostrate hairs near the tip : wings hyaline: nervures fuscous; wing-scale piceous : tergum with short, blackish hairs ; segments rather convex, narrow, white bands of prostrate short hairs, wider each side ; towards the posterior extremity with numerous white, short hairs, obvious in profile ; jjosterior tarsi with longer hairs, tinted with ferruginous ; venter with fulvous hairs. Length over three-tenths of an inch. " Male. — Resembles the female, but is smaller, and the tail has four distant denticulations. Length one-fourth of an inch. *• Hah. — Indiana." ■1S(U.] 27 I have not seen any specimens which answei' to the above descrip- tion. I 1 5. 0. purpurea, n. sp. Female. — Head rather large, as wide as the thorax, dark purple, densely and finely punctured, thinly clothed with yellowish-white pu- bescence, which is longer on the sides of the face and cheeks, and short and sparse on the clypeus ; anterior margin of the clypeus entire and fringed beneath with fulvous pubescence, the mandibles also clothed with short fulvous pubescence ; antennae short and black. Thorax dark purple, finely and densely punctured, clothed with yellowish- white pubescence which is paler beneath ; tegulfe black, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline, apical margin faintly clouded. Legs black, with short pale pubescence, tarsi beneath with fulvous pubescence. Abdomen subglobose, dark purple, slightly tinged with blue, densely, rather finely and confluently punctured, clothed with short, suberect, pale yellowish pubescence ; on the basal segment and on the sides, the pubescence is rather long and whitish; the posterior margins of the second and three following segments are fringed with whitish pubes- cence, sometimes interrupted on the middle of the second and third segments; on the apical segment the pubescence is short, dense and whitish; beneath, the ventral scopa is rather dense and black. Length 82 — iij lines. Hah. — Conn., Penn., N. Jersey. Five 9 specimens. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad.. and Mr. Edward Norton. The dark purple color and the narrow whitish fasciae of the abdo- men of this species, will readily distinguish it from all others known to me. The whitish apical fringe of the abdominal segments are very conspicuous when held in certain lights, and also on the apex of the abdomen where the segments are more retracted. The specimens before me of this species were labelled 0. bucconis Say, but in that species the color is said to be "black," and the ven- tral scopa "fulvous"; but in the species before me the general color of the body is conspicuously dark purple, and the ventral scopa is black. l(:i. 0. sericea. n. sp. Male. — Head black with a slight blue-green reflection, densely and 28 [Aprii: finely punctured; face thickly clothed with loBg yellowish-white pu- bescence, that on the vertex and cheeks long and sparse ; antennre about twice as long as the head, black, the flagcUum beneath rufo-tes- taceous. Thorax black with a blue-green reflection, densely and finely punctured, clothed, especially on the sides and beneath, with rather long yellowish-white pubescence ; tegulae black, shining. Wings hya- line, apical margins faintly clouded, nervures black. Legs black with a slight greenish tinge, shining, clothed with short pale glittering pu- bescence; the tarsi beneath with yellow pubescence, the apical joints rufo-piceous. Abdomen rather short, subglobose, black faintly tinged with blue and purple, very closely, finely and uniformly punctured, densely clothed above with very short pale fuscous pubescence which has a pale sericeous appearance in certain lights; sides of the basal segment and also of the apical segments have the pubescence rather long and whitish ; apical margin of the sixth segment sinuate on each side and rather deeply and obtusely notched in the middle; apical seg- ment bidentate ; beneath, the ventral segments are flat and fringed posteriorly with yellowish-white pubescence. Length 3f lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil. Somewhat resembles 0. j^urpurea, but the punctation of the abdo- men is finer and the segments have no appearance of an apical whitish fringe which is more or less conspicuous in that species. 17. 0. simillima, Smith. <)s)nia simillima. Smith, Brit. Mus. Cat. i, p. 112, % 9 (1854.) Femab'. — Head rather large, as wide as the thorax, bluish-green, densely and rather finely punctured, thinly clothed with whitish pu- bescence ; clypeus more strongly punctured, apical margin truncate ; antennas short, black. Thorax bluish-green, densely and finely punc- tured, clothed with rather long whitish pubescence. Wings sub hya- line, their apical margins faintly clouded. Legs black, with a short pale pubescence ; the tarsi beneath with blackish pubescence. Abdo- men subglobose, blue, tinged with green, polished, rather finely punc- tured ; apical margin of the segments smooth ; the segments above clothed with short whitish pubescence, that on the basal segment long- est and that on the sides and on the apical segment more dense ; be- neath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 4f lines. " Male.. Length 4 lines. — Head and thorax of a bronzed green, •1S64.] 29 abdomen blue ; the antennae a little longer than the head and thorax, setaceous, fulvo-testaceous beneath ; the face thickly covered with long white pubescence, a similar pubescence is also more thinly scattered over the vertex, thorax and base of the abdomen ; wings as in the female ; the apical segment notched in the middle ; beneath, the ven- tral se"-meut is bidentate." Hah. — Nova Scotia ; United States (Smith) ; Connecticut ; Great Slave Lake, British America. Two $ specimens. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. I have not seen the male of this species, and am somewhat uncer- tain that the female specimens from which I drew up the above de- scription are the true similUma of Smith, as his description does not quite accord with the specimens 1 have examined. 18. 0. atriventris, u. sji. Fvinale. — Head subquadrate, as wide as the thorax, dull blue-green, strongly tinged with blue about the clypeus, densely and somewhat finely punctured, clothed above and beneath with rather long white pubescence ; anterior margin of the clypeus slightly and obtusely emar- ginate ; mandibles black ; antennae rather longer than the head, black, the scape slightly tinged with green and the flagellum beneath with rufo-testaceous. Thorax dull blue-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed above and beneath with rather long white pubescence ; disk in front with a finely impressed longitudinal line, and on each side above the teguljB a small smooth shining spot ; tegulae black, shining. Wings subhyaline, faintly clouded ; nervures black. Legs black, shin- ing, thinly clothed with short pale hairs. Abdomen short, subglobose, dull blue-green, shining, densely and finely punctured, clothed with whitish pubescence, which is long on the basal segment, shorter on the sides and apex of the abdomen and very short on the segments above ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 4 lines. Ilab. — Connecticut. Two specimens. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles similUma, Smith, but is much smaller and the punc- tation of the abdomen much more dense and rather finer. Ut. 0. dubia, n. sp. Frmalc. — Head large, subquadrate. rather wider than the thorax, dark blue-green, clypeus deep blue, finely and den.sely punctured, rather thinly clothed with whitish pubescence which is slightly inter- 30 [April mixed with fuscous on the face ; clypeus deep blue, its anterior margin truncate ; mandibles stout, black, channelled along the outer margin and armed with three teeth, the inner one blunt and bifid, the apical one rather long and acute; antennae slightly longer than the head, black, shining;, flaoellum beneath tint>ed with rufo-testaceous. Thorax dull blue-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with pale ochra- ceous pubescence, which is long above, and rather short and mixed with fuscous beneath ; disk in front with a very finely impressed long- itudinal line, and on each side above the tegulae, a minute shining- spot; tegulae black, tinged with green, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline. faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs black, shining, sparsely clothed with short fuscous pubescence. Abdomen short, sub- globose, dark blue-green, shining, densely, finely and confluently punc- tured ; basal segment above thinly clothed with rather long whitish pubescence, remaining segments with very short blackish pubescence, having a sericeous appearance in certain lights ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 4 lines. Hah. — Pike's Peak, Colorado Territory. One specimen. Coll. Kntom. Soc. Philadelphia. Closely resembles 0. atriventrU. but the head is proportionally larger, the punctation of the abdomen is not so distinct, the pubescence not so dense and is of a different color (jn the abdomen above. 211. 0. distincta, n. sj). Female. — Head as wide as the thorax, dark greenish-blue, shining, densely and finely punctured ; vertex and face thickly clothed with long pale golden-yellow pubescence, slightly fuscous on the vertex ; anterior margin of the clypeus slightly iridescent, and somewhat emar- ginate ; antennfe rather longer than the head, black. Thorax dark green with a slight bluish reflection, densely and finely punctured, thickly clothed with rather long hoary pubescence, anterior margin of the scutellum slightly impressed; tegulfe black, tinged with purple, smooth and shining. Wings almost hyaline, having a very faint tinge of fuscous ; nervures blackish. Legs black, slightly tinged with green, shining, clothed beneath with short pale pubescence ; tarsi beneath with fuscous pubescence. Abdomen short, broad, only slightly convex above, densely and finely punctured, blue-green, shining; basal seg- ment a])ove clothed with hoary pubescence, the remaining segments. 18(M.] 31 especially the apical one, with very short pale sericeous pubescence ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and white. Length 4 lines. Hah. — Connecticut. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Allied to the two following species, but is broader, more robust, with the abdomen shorter and only .slightly convex above. It is distin- guished at once from the three preceding species by its ventral scopa being white. 21. 0. albiventris, n. sp. Female. — Head as wide as the thorax, greenish-blue, shining, some- times entirely deep blue ; densely and finely punctured, clothed with long hoary pubescence ; anterior margin of the clypeus truncate, de- pressed and shining ; antennae as long as the head, black. Thorax dark blue green, sometimes entirely deep blue, densely and finely punc- tured, thickly clothed with rather long hoary pubescence ; tegulai black, shining. Wings either hyaline or subhyaline, nervures black. Legs black, shining, clothed especially beneath with hoary pubescence. Ab- domen ovate, dark bluish-green, shining, densely, very finely and con- fluently punctured ; basal segment above thinly clothed with long hoary pubescence, the remaining segments with very short pale pubes- cence, that on the apical segment more dense ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and white. Length 4 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, except that the face is densely clothed with long hoary pubescence, the antennai nearly as long as the thorax, and the legs and the abdomen above are more pilose. The apical mar- gin of the sixth segment is entire, and that of the apical segment obso- letely notched in the middle. Length 3J lines. Hah. — Conn., New York, Penn. 8 9 , o "J, specimens. Coll. P]ntom. Soc. Philad., and Mr. E. Norton. Distinguished from the next species by the much finer and closer punctation, especially of the abdomen. 22. 0. conjuncta, n. sp. Female. — Head as wide as the thorax, dark blue-green, densely and rather strongly punctured, shining, with a blackish opaque patch above the antennas which disappears when viewed in certain lights, clothed with rather long pale pubescence, slightly intermixed with pale fuscous on the clypeus, the anterior margin of which is rather strongly emargi- 32 [April nate ; autennae rather longer than the head, black. Thorax dull blue- green, densely and rather strongly punctured^ clothed with whitish pubescence, which is more dense and longer on each side of the meta- thorax and on the pleura ; tegulje black, tinged with purple, smooth and shining. Wings fusco-hyaliue. Legs black, tinged with blue- green, shining, clothed with pale hairs ; tarsi beneath with a pale yel- lowish sericeous pubescence. Abdomen ovate, dark green, shining, rather densely, uniformly and somewhat strongly punctured, the punc- tures on the apical segment very dense and fine ; segments above clothed with very short pale pubescence ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and white. Lens-th 4 lines. Hah. — Connecticut. One specimen. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles 0. albivcnfris in size and form, but is distinguished bv the punctation of the abdomen being much stronger and less dense ; the punctation of the head and thorax is also stronger. The insect is much less pilose, but much of the pubescence has apparently been rubbed off. 23. 0. proxima, n. sp. Mule. — Head green, densely and very finely punctured, clothed with rather long whitish pubescence, which is very dense and white on the clypeus ; antennas nearly as long as the thorax, black. Thorax dark green, densely and very finely punctured, thickly clothed with long whitish pubescence ; tegulas black, slightly tinged with green, smooth and shining. Wings hyaline, apical margin faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs green or blue-green, clothed with short pale pubes- cence. Abdomen green or blue-green, densely and very finely punc- tured, the apical margins of the segments above smooth and shining ; sides of the basal segment above thinly clothed with whitish pubes- cence ; the remaining segments with a very short sparse pale pubes- cence; the apical margin of the sixth segment is produced, reflexed and notched in the middle, and that of the apical segment is very deeply notched in the middle. Length 3^ lines. Hab. — Maine and Fort Grood Hope, Mackenzie River, British Ame- rica. Two specimens. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Resembles the males of 0. albiveiitris, but the apical margin of the sixth abdominal segment in that species is entire. 1S(U.] 33 24. 0. canadensis, u. sp. Male. — Head green, finely and densely punctured, clothed with long white pubescence, which is very dense on the face ; anterior margin of the clypeus smooth, black, with several small indentations and fringed beneath with white pubescence ; antennae rather longer than the head and thorax, black, joints of the flagellum somewhat flattened and con- tracted at base. Thorax green, finely and densely punctured, clothed with long whitish hairs ; tegulae black, shining, slightly tinged with green. Wings subhyaline, apical margins faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs rather long, green, punctured, clothed, especially be- neath, with rather long whitish pubescence ; tarsi beneath with pale fuscous pubescence. Abdomen oval, green, shining, densely and very finely punctured, apical margin of the segments above smooth and shining ; segments above clothed with whitish pubescence, which is long and sparse on the basal and sides of the apical segments and short on the remaining segments ; apical margin of the sixth segment slightly sinuate on each side and rather deeply and obtusely notched in the middle, and that of the apical segment bidentate ; beneath, the ventral segments are flat, densely aud finely punctured, shining and tinged with deep blue. Length 4 lines. ^a?*.— Canada West. Mr. Wm. Saunders. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. Differs from 0. proxima, by the shape and greater length of the antennae, by the legs being longer and by the more elongate form of the insect. 25. 0. cognata. n. sp. Male. — Head green, very finely and densely punctured ; face thickly clothed with long whitish pubescence, the vertex and cheeks with a thin pubescence of the same color ; anterior margin of the clypeus truncate, minutely denticulated and fringed beneath with white pubes- cence ; antennae as long as the head and thorax, black, joints of the flagellum subdepressed, contracted at base and tinged with rufo-piceous beneath. Thorax dark green, densely and finely punctured, thinly clothed with rather long whitish pubescence ; tegulae black, faintly tinged with green, smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline, nervures blackish. Legs black, tinged with blue and green, sparsely clothed with pale pubescence. Abdomen elongate, subovate, blue slightly tinged with green, shining, densely and minutely punctured, apical 34 . [April margin of the segments smooth and shining; clothed above, especially towards the tip, with short pale pubescence ; apical margin of the sixth segment somewhat reflesed and rather deeply and obtusely notched in the middle, and that of the apical segment bidentate. Length 4^ lines. Hah. — Illinois. Two specimenj. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. Larger than 0. canadensis, from which it can be easily distinguished by the smoother appeai'ance and blue color of the abdomen. 26. 0. fulgida. n. sj?. Female. — Head subquadrate, about as wide as the thorax, brilliant green with blue reflections, finely and densely punctured, thickly clothed with rather long black pubescence ; anterior margin of the clypeus black, truncate ; mandibles stout, black, clothed with short black pubescence, armed with four teeth, the apical one rather long and subacute, the others short and blunt ; antennae black, scape green, finely punctured, tip of the flagellum beneath testaceous. Thorax finely and densely punctured, brilliant green, with bluish reflections, clothed with rather long black pubescence ; disk longitudinally impressed in front, and on each side ; midway between the disk and the tegulje there is a very short, longitudinal impressed line which is black ; metathorax more finely punctured, with a broad, deep depression on its disk ; tegulae black and shining. Wings subhyaline, apical margins clouded ; nervures black. Legs bluish-green, clothed with short black- ish pubescence, tarsi with fuscous pubescence Abdomen subglobose. rather wider posteriorly, densely and minutely punctured, brilliant green, with bright blue reflections, polished, sparsely clothed with short black pubescence ; basal segment in front deeply and longitudinally impressed ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and blackish-fuscous. Length 42 lines. Ildb. — Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. One specimen. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philadelphia. A very handsome species, having the colors remarkably bright and vivid. It resembles the next species but is more robust and somewhat differently shaped. 27. 0. viridis, u. sp. Female. — Narrow, elongate. Head subquadrate, as wide as the thd- rax, finely and densely punctured, brilliant blue-green, clothed with rather long black hairs, which are more dense beneath the antennae ; 1S64.] 35 clypeus, mandibles and antennae as in the preceding species. Thorax densely and finely punctured, brilliant green with blue reflections, clothed with rather long black pubescence; scutellum and metathorax bright green, the latter deeply impressed on the disk ; tegulfe black, smooth and polished. Wings subhyaline. apical margins faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs green, clothed with short black pubescence. Abdomen elongate, subovate, densely and minutely punctured, brilliant green, changing to deep blue in certain lights, clothed towards the apex with very short black pubescence ; basal segment in front deeply impressed ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 4i lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. One specimen. Coll. Entom. 8oc. Philadelphia. Closely resembles 0. fulgida in color and punctation, but the form is more linear and not so robust ; the abdomen is subovate and not sub- clavate as in that species. The color in both species is very bright and beautiful. 28. 0. pusilla, n. sp. Male. — Head dark blue-gi'een, finely and densely punctured, clothed with pale hairs ; anterior margin of the clypeus uneven ; antennae not as Ions: as the thorax, black, fluirellum testaceous beneath. Thorax dark blue-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long pale hairs ; tegulae green, smooth and shining. Wings hyaline, the apical margins very faintly clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs blue-green, sparsely clothed with short pale pubescence. Abdomen elongate, subo- viite. dark blue, slightly tinged with green ; shining, densely and mi- nutely punctured, the apical margins of the segments smooth ; the seg- ments above clothed with whitish pubescence, that on the sides of the basal, and on the apical segments longer and more dense ; apical mar- gin of the sixth segment somewhat reflexed and deeply notched in the middle; apical segment bidentate; beneath, the ventral segments are flat, deep blue and pubescent. Length 3i lines. Hah.—V^Qs Peak. Col. Ter. One specimen. Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad. 29. 0. pumila, n. sj). Female. — Head as wide as the thorax, deep blue, densely and finely punctured, clotbed with rather long whitish pubescence; anterior mar- gin of the clypeus truncate ; mandibles stout, black, apical tooth long 36 [April and acute ; antennae short, black. Thorax dark blue tinged with green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long whitish hairs ; tegulse black, shining. Wings subhyaline. apical margins clouded ; nervures fuscous. Legs black, sparsely clothed with short pale pubescence, the tarsi beneath with fuscous pubescence. Abdomen subovate, gi-eenish- blue, shining, densely and minutely punctured, clothed with whitish pubescence, which is short and dense on the apical segments and long and sparse on the basal segments ; beneath the ventral scopa is dense and white. Length 3 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. One specimen. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad. Resembles 0. pmif/a, and may possibly be the 9 of that species, although it is smaller. 30. 0. brevis, n. sp. Female. — Head large subquadrate, as wide as the thorax, deep blue, finely and closely punctured, clothed with long black pubescence, which is very dense on the clypeus, and slightly mixed with ochraceous on the vertex ; clypeus prominent, anterior margin truncate ; mandibles robust, deeply channelled along the outer margin, and armed with three teeth, the apical one long and subacute, the others short and blunt ; antennae about as long as the head, black. Thorax deep blue, finely and closely punctured, clothed above with ochraceous and beneath with black pubescence; disk in front with a finely impressed longitudinal line ; tegulaj black, shining. Wings subhyaline, apical margins clouded ; nervures blackish. Legs black, clothed with black pubescence. Abdo- men short, subglobose. deep blue, finely punctured, shining ; basal segment above thinly clothed with ochraceous pubescence ; the remain- ing segments with a very short black pubescence ; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. J^ength 4 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad. A short robust species, with the head nearly as large as the thorax. 31. 0. globosa, n. sjj. Female. — Head subtransverse, black, densely, finely and uniformly punctured, sides of the face and the vertex clothed with long ochra- ceous pubescence, that on the clypeus short and black, about the inser- tion of the antennas it is slightly mixed with fuscous; mandibles ro- bust, deeply channelled along the outer margins and armed with three teeth, the innermost one bluntly bifid and the apical one long and 1864.] 37 acute ; antennae about as long as tlie head, black. Thorax black, closely and finely punctured, densely clothed with long ochraceous pubescence; tegulae black, finely punctured, shining. Wings subhya- line. apical margins faintly clouded, nervures black. Legs black, clothed with blackish pubescence, the tarsi beneath, with fuscous pu- bescence. Abdomen short, globose and finely punctured, black, sub- opaque ; basal segment above clothed, especially on the sides, with long ochraceous pubescence, the remaining segments clothed with short fus- cous pubescence, which appears ochraceous in certain lights, especially on the apical segment; beneath, the ventral scopa is dense and black. Length 3f lines. Hah. — Great Slave Lake, British America. One specimen. Coll. Smithsonian Institution. A small robust species, remarkable for its short globose abdomen. .32. 0. rustica, n. sp. Male. — Head large, subquadrate, as wide the thorax, bronze-green, densely and finely punctured, clothed with long bright rust-red pubes- cence, which is dense and yellowish beneath the antennae, that on the cheeks beneath pale yellowish-white ; antennae longer than the head, black. Thorax bronze-green, very closely and finely punctured, densely clothed above with long bright rust-red pubescence, beneath it is yel- lowish-white and rather thin ; tegulae brassy -black, smooth and shin- ing. Wings hyaline, apical margins faintly clouded ; nervures black- ish. Legs greenish-black, clothed with rather long pale yellowish pubescence ; apical joints of the tarsi rufo-testaceous. Abdomen short, globose, bright bronze-green, shining, finely and densely punctured, clothed above with bright rust-red pubescence, which is rather long on the basal segment, and dense on the apical margins of the segments, especially the terminal ones ; apical margin of the sixth segment strongly sinuate on each side and rather deeply notched in the middle ; apical segment bidentate ; beneath, the pubescence is thin and pale. Length 8} — 'i\ lines. llah. — Easton, Penn. Three % specimens. Coll. Mr. E. Norton. This is a beautiful little species ; its form is short and robust, and may be at once distinguished from all other species known to me by its bright rust-red pubescence which is dense on the thorax and face, and the brassy-green color of the abdomen. The name I have adopted 38 [April for this species was taken from specimens so named in the Harrisian Collection at Boston. 33. 0. vicina. n. sji. Mail'. — Head large, as wide as the thorax, green, finely and closely punctured, clothed especially in front with long pale yellowish pubes- cence ; mandibles black, shining, deeply bifid at tip; antenn;© black, nearly as long as the thorax. Thorax bronze-green, closely and finely punctured, rather densely clothed with long yellowish pubescence ; tegulae black, shining. Wings hyaline, apical margins faintly clouded ; nervures pale fuscous. Legs green, clothed with pale pubescence ; tarsi beneath with yellowish pubescence, the apical joints rufous. Abdo- men elongate, rather broader posteriorly, dull bronze-green, closely, finely and eoufluently punctured, clothed above with pale yellowish pubescence, which is long on the basal segments and more dense on the apical margin of the remaining segments, especially the terminal ones ; apical margin of the sixth segment slightly reflexed, obtusely notched in the middle, and entire laterally ; apical segment bidentate ; beneath, the ventral segments are flat and tinged with blue. Length 8i lines. Ifab. — Virginia. Coll. Entom. Soc. Philadelphia. Allied to the preceding, but moi'e elongate, not so robust, and en- tirely of a different color. Descriptions of several new species of North American APID.ffi. BY E. T. CRESSON. Geuus EPEOLUS. Latr. 1. Epeolus bifasciatus, n. sp. Male. — Black, opaque. Head rather coarsely and confluently punc- tured, clothed about the insertion of the antennae with appressed whit- ish pubescence; antennge short, black, shining, the three basal joints, as well as the labrum and mandibles, rufous. Thorax deeply, roughly and confluently punctured, the punctures much coarser than those of the head ; the tubercles, tegulae and scutellum rufous, the latter hav- ing the lateral teeth prominent and subacute ; anterior margin of the mesothorax rufous and clothed with dense, scale-like, ochraeeous pubes- 1864.] 39 cence, as well as the margin beneath the scutelluui ; metathorax thinly clothed with short ochraceous pubescence ; pleura shining. Wings fusco-hyaline, darker towards the tip and having a strong aeneous or violaceous reflection ; there is also a pale spot about the third submar- ginal cell ; posterior wings hyaline at base. Legs rufous, the posterior coxae and femora beneath and the tibial spurs and tarsal claws, black. Abdomen rather short, minutely punctured, the apical segments and the sides of the two basal segments clothed with very short cinereous pubescence ; base of the first segment above with a broad band of ochraceous, scale-like pubescence which extends posteriorly on each side of the segment and is deeply indented on the disk in front ; in a specimen where the pubescence is rubbed off, the surface is more or less rufous ; posterior margin of the second segment above with a rather broad band of ochraceous, beneath which the surface is also sometimes rufous ; the apical segment narrow and rounded at tip, the margins reflexed ; beneath sparsely clothed with short cinereous pubescence, the apical segments with longer yellowish pubescence. Length 3f lines. Hah. — Illinois (Mr. Walsh and Dr. Lewis). Two specimens, ((^ill. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Genus STELIS, Panz. 2. Stelis montana, n. sjj. Female. — Head subtransverse, narrower than the thorax, densely and rather strongly punctured, dark olive-green, shining, clothed with black pubescence ; anterior margin of the clypeus truncate ; antennae black, the scape tinged with green. Thorax densely and strongly punctured, dark olive-green, shining, clothed with rather long black pubescence, which is more dense beneath the wings ; the mesothorax in front with a finely impressed longitudinal line, and on each side just above the tegulae a short impressed longitudinal line; metathorax tinged with deep blue ; tegulfe dark blue, closely punctured, shining. Wings subhyaline, costal half of the marginal cell fuscous ; nervures black. Legs dark bluish-green, punctured, clothed with blackish pu- bescence. Abdomen subglobose, rather wider posteriorly, densely, strongly and confluently punctured, dark olive-green, shining, clothed above and beneath with rather sparse, short, black pubescence. Length •4 lines. 40 [April Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. One specimen. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) This species probably belongs to the genus under which it is placed, as the maxillary palpi have but two joints, and the wings have the second recurrent nervure received a little beyond the apex of the second submarginal cell. The general appearance is similar to an Osmia, but the head is narrower than the thorax and the abdomen is without a ventral scopa. Genus XYLOCOPA. Fabr. 3. Xylocopa californica, n. sp. Female. — Head large, as wide as the thorax, black, slightly tinged with blue and green, especially on the cheeks, sparsely clothed with short black pubescence, that on the lower portion of the cheeks much longer; face flat, closely and conflueutly punctured, the punctures on the vertex stronger, those on the cheeks sparse ; on each side of the face a deeply impressed longitudinal line commencing at the insertion of each antenna and ending on the lateral margin of the clypeus; on the middle of the clypeus a short, smooth, slightly elevated, longitudi- nal line, anterior margin truncate, smooth and polished ; anterior mar- gin of the labrum smooth, polished, with a small, square, emarginate process in the middle ; mandibles smooth, polished, with a small patch of punctures near their base, the outer and inner margins channelled, the apex obtuse and slightly emarginate ; the extreme lower orbits of the eyes, at the base of the mandibles, flattened, smooth and polished. Thorax clothed with rather dense black pubescence, closely and deeply punctured, except the disk above which is smooth, polished and with- out pubescence; beneath bluish-green, above black and on each side of the disk between the wings, where the surface is punctured, it is iride- scent ; middle of the mesothorax in front with a finely impressed lon- gitudinal line which becomes obsolete before reaching the posterior margin ; scutellum closely punctured, golden-green. Legs bluish-green, clothed with black pubescence. Abdomen dark-green, with a blue and purple reflection, polished, sparsely punctured, the sides of the apical segments more closely and deeply punctured ; disk of the apical seg- ment with two oblique pubescent carina, meeting posteriorly and diverging anteriorly ; this segment, as well as the fifth, fringed with 1S(U.] 41 lonji', dense black, pubescence ; beneath bluish-green, sparsely clothed with black pubescence. Length 11 lines. Halj.— Fort Crook, California. Mr. Henry Ulke. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Genus BOMBUS. Latr. 4. Bombus consimilis. n. sp. Female. — Head black, with a tuft of yellowish pubescence on the vertex. Thorax entirely pale yellow, sometimes slightly tawny. Wings subhyaline, darkest along the apical margin. Legs black, with black hairs, those on the femora beneath more or less mixed with yellow ; tarsi rufous within. Abdomen short, subglobose, the two basal seg- ments pale yellow, sometimes slightly tawny; the apical segments black, sometimes the two apical segments are more or less mixed with yellow- ish ; beneath black. Length 8 — 9 lines. Hub. — Canada, New York, Massachusetts. Eight specimens. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Colored same as B. oagttns Smith, but is much smaller and more robust in proportion to the size. Mr. T. B. Ashtou collected a number of this species, all females, early iu the spring, in Northern New York, together with females of B. vagans, /ervidus, borealis, virffinicus, pen- sj/lvanicus. scparatus^ and tcrrlcola. h. Bombus centralis, n. sp. Female. — Head black, with a tuft of yellowish hairs above and be- low the antennfe and on the vertex. Thorax yellow above and on the sides, with a broad black band between the wings. Wings subhyaline, stained with fuscous, especially along the costa. Legs black, with black hairs ; tarsi rufous within. Abdomen with the two basal segments yellow, with a rather large black patch on the disk above ; the third and fourth segments pale orange-yellow; the apical segments black; beneath clothed with short yellowish pubescence. Length 8 lines. Hah. — Fort Crook, California. One specimen. Mr. H. Ulke. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Closely resembles B. Jiavifrons Cresson, but is rather more robust, and may be at once distinguished from that species by the black patch on the disk of the two basal segments of the abdomen above. 0. Bombus borealis, Kirby. In mv list of the N. A. species of Bombixs (Pror. Ent. Soc. Philad. 42 [April 11, p. 93), I referred to this species, with some doubt, a single 9 speci- men from Canada ; since then I have received, through the kindness of Mr. WilUam Saunders and Mr. T. B. Ashton, a fine series ( 9 , $ and S ) of the true horealis of Kirby. The characters of this fine species are as fijllows : — Female. — Head black, with the face and vertex clothed with pale yellowish pubescence, slightly tawny on the vertex. Thorax above densely clothed with bright tawny-yellow pubescence, with a broad black band between the wings ; beneath entirely black. Wings fuseo- hyaline. darkest along the apical margin. Legs black, tarsi pale with- out, rufous within. Abdomen above with the four basal seamen ts clothed with bright tawny-yellow pubescence, the two apical segments black; beneath black. Length 8 — 9 lines. Worker. — Colored same as the female. Length 6 lines. Male. — Like the female and worker, except that the antennae are as long as the thorax and setaceous, the sides of the thorax and the femora beneath are sometimes mixed with yellowish, the three apical segments of the abdomen above are more or less mixed with yellow and the last segment is tufted, the ventral segments are clothed with short pale yel- lowish pubescence. Length 7 — 8 lines. Hah. — Canada (Saunders) and New York (Ashton). Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. The males have much the appearance of some of the S varieties of Apatliu.-i elatua Fabr., but they do not belong to that genus. The single 9 specimen which I supposed to be identical with this species, difiers from the 9 above described by having the abdomen above tawny-yellow, except the last segment which is black, and the ventral segments are clothed with short pale pubescence. It may be only a variety, and for the present it is probably best to consider it as such. Genus APATHUS, Newm. 7. Apathus Ashtoni, n. sj). Female. — Head entirely black. Thorax clothed above with pale yel- lowish, and beneath with black pubescence, on the disk above between the wings there is a mixture of black hairs and the scutellum is some- times altogether black. Wings fusco-hyaline, darker along the apical margin. Legs black, with black hairs, tarsi within rufous, the apical 1S(U.] 43 joints exteriorly pale rufous. Abdomen black, smooth and shining, the posterior margin of the third segment above, broader laterally, the whole of the fourth and the extreme sides of the fifth segment densely clothed with yellowish pubescence, the remaining segments rather sparsely clothed with black pubescence ; apical segment smooth and shining, without pubescence ; in one specimen the basal segment above has a mixture of fuscous pubescence ; beneath black. Length 8 — 9 lines. ffab. — New York (Ashton); Maine (Packard); Canada (Saunders). Coll. Ent. Soe. Philadelphia. Allied to A. insularis Smith. Mr. Packard informs me that there is a specimen of this species in the Harrisian Collecticm taken in Mas- sachusetts I have dedicated this fine species to my friend Mr. T. B. Ashton. of Washington Co., New York, who was the first to commu- nicate it til me. I have not seen the % . STATED MEETING, M a y 9 . President Bland in the Chair. The Secretary read a letter from Mr. John Kirkpatriek of Cleveland. Ohio, transmitting to the Society pupae of Eudryas uiiio in stems of Hibiscus militarise which is abundant in wet swamps. Mr. K. says : — ■' The first time I found the pupse was last spring (1863) in pieces of stem washed ashore. Last winter I visited the localitj' on the ice and found nearly all the dead stems of the above jJlant burrowed by the larvre, and containing pupse. In the burrows of the Eudryas, a friend of mine found a few pupae of a dipterous insect and much resembling the pupae of the Tachinas that destroys the army worm. For many days last fall, there was a constant stream of but- terflies passing over this city : occasionally hundreds would be seen at once, at other times only a few. They were all of one species — Danais archippus. Its food-plant is abundant here. The larva of Sesia diffinis feeds on the leaves of the Snowberry (8ymphoricarpus racemosus) and also on those of the upright Honeysuckle {Lonicera tartarica) in gardens. Neither Dr. Harris or Dr. Clem- ens observed this. Three or four years ago I caught a specimen of Argynnis colvAnhina on the Cuyahoga flats, and within half a mile of this city. I have compared it with specimens from Florida, in the Cabinet of Prof. J. P. Kirt- land. and it in no wise diflTers from them. This is the only time, to my know- ledge, it has been seen so far north. Papilio cre.iphonten- was occasionally found here, but iiot since the cold winter of 1856-7.'' 44 [May The foUowino- letter was read from Mr. James Aiitrus. dated West Farms, N. Y., April 15th, 1864:— "A family of house-crickets have long been established in the house in which I live, but it is only of late that I have had my attention particularly directed to them. Harris says — " We have no house-crickets in America : our species inhabit gardens and fields, and enter our houses only by accident." Of course Dr. Harris must liave been entirely ignorant of the existence of a house species in this country similar to those in Europe. Now I have no means of knowing whether this opinion is universal, or whether the discovery has ever been made that we have house-crickets in this country ; but if such is the case. I think it will be found after an inspection of those I have lately captured in this house, to be an error. I have long been familiar to the creaking sound of these crickets, but thinking they had merely found their way there from the field, I never took any pains to find them out; but by mere accident one was caught a few days ago. and which, to my surprise and joy. proved to be an en- tirely distinct species from those inhabiting our gardens and fields, and having a close resemblance to, if not the same as, the European house-cricket of which I have got 2 poor specimens with which to compare them. They are light- brown with dark markings, not quite so large as the field-cricket (4c/iete abhre- viata Harris) and seems to be larger than its European representative. Like the latter its wings are very long, extending far beyond the wing covers. Per- haps this species is already known, but if not, it ought to be described, and for this purpose, if desired. I will gladly furnish specimens. Their haunts are very difficult to get at, and they are so shy and nimble that it is rather diflficult to get thera. I have only got so far 3 '^ and 1 9 •" The Secretary also read the following extract from a letter from Mr. A. S. Packard, Jr., diited Brunswick. Maine, April 28, 1864 :— •' I was overjoyed to-day to find both a 9 and "J, Stylops Childreni ! I took in my net an Andrena placida Smith, and just as it was nettled and I was about pinning it, I saw the % Stylops. On comparing it with Westwood's figure and details in Griffith's Cuvier, pi. 49, I have but little doubt that it is that species, for it will be seen in Westwood's Classif. that the insect was brought over to London in an Andrena collected in Xova Scotia. The Andrena placida was stylopized also, fortunately, for I found a single female in the abdomen — that is, what I call a female — for it may be remembered that Westwood and others call it a larva, wherein they were corrected by Siebold. Now I have little doubt but that the % Stylops was hatched from the body of some other Andrena. and flew upon the body of the Styloiiized specimen which I caught, to ' have a consultation ' with the 9 escoused within. For this purpose the % abdomen is very long and extensile, with two anal forceps capacious for seizing the female, and I have little doubt the anal tip is forced in to meet that of the 9 which is perhaps not so entirely immoveable but that it can be bent around and out- ward somewhat. This I can tell by dissection of the Andrena. In Westwood's figure the abdomen is represented as being very short, but it must have been drawn from a dried specimen when the region was withered and much short- 1S64.] 45 eued. It must be that the 9 9 '^""^ impregnated at this time, and that in the middle of June, as I have already observed, the viviporous young are hatched from the body of the parent. I do not see that the presence of this Stylops necessarily kills the bee or wasp, unless there are five or six individuals within the same bee-body." The following papers were presented for publication : — " Descriptions of several new N. A. Coleoptera. by Jas. H. B. Bland." " Descriptions of N. American Lepidoptera. No. 3, by Aug. R. Grrote." '• List of a Collection of Lepidoptera Heterocera, taken near Wil- liamstown, Mass., by Aug. R. (Irote." '' Synopsis of the Bombycidse of the U. States, by A. S. Packard, Jr." •' Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera, by E. T. Cresson." And were referred to Committees. On report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be printed. Description of several new North American CTENOPHOR.ffi. BY BARON R. OSTEN SACKEN. Five species were enumerated in my Catalogue of the descrHjed diptera of North America, under the head of Ctenophora. Subse- quent investigations have proved that two of them, C. fuUginosa Say, and C. ahdominalis Say, are true Tipulae. C. Parrii Kirby, seems also to be a Tlpida. The two remaining species G. dorsalis Walker, and C. succedKiix Walker, may perhaps be identified with two of the new species described below, although this identification, as will be shown, is by no means certain. L Antennse of the male with four rows of branches, the tiro larger ones on file outside, the two smaller ones on the inside ; antennse of the female rather short, serrated ; male genitals clavate, but of moderate size ; female ovipositor short. C. nubecula n. sp. % 9- Flavo-ferruginea. thorace ex maxiiua parte flavo, vitta media fused, cunei- form i ; alls subhyalinis, stigmate flavo, nebula substigmaticali majori, fusca. Ferruginous-yellowish, thorax for the most part yellow, with a cuneiform, brown intermediate stripe : wings almost hyaline, stigma yellow, a rather large brown cloud close behind the stigma. Long. Corp. %().oo, 9 0.8; long al. -^ 0.5.x 9 0.62. 46 [May Head yellow, palpi yellowish, brownish towards the tip: front above the an- tennae yellow: a black, triangular spot occupies the remainder of the front and the vertex. Thorax more or less tinged with bright lemon-yellow on the ante- rior part of the prothorax above and on the pleurae: intermediate stripe brown- isli-bhick, triangular: lateral stripes brownish, very much abbreviated anteri- orly. Ilalteres yellowish-ferruginous with a more or less distinct trace of leinon-yellow on the knob. Feet ferruginous: coxse more or less tinged with lemon-yellow ; anterior half of the femora somewhat paler than the posterior one (especially in the male). Tarsi dark tawny, two last joints blackish : in the female, the basal joints of the tarsi are lighter ferruginous. Abdomen brownish-ferruginous, with a more or less distinct, narrow, black dorsal stripe. generally interrupted at the incisures of the segments; posterior corners of the intermediate segments, on the back, as well as on the venter, more or less tinged with lemon-yellow. Wings subhyaline, a yellowish tinge along the anterior margin, which reaches as far as the stigma; a similar tinge along the fifth longitudinal vein; stigu^a yolk yellow; a large brown cloud behind it, which on one side has a definite limit, formed by the cross-veins between the stigma and the discal cell ; on the other side (towards the apex) there is no such limit, and the brown fades away gradually; this cloud does not touch the costal margin, so that there is a small hyaline space left between it and the stigma; posteriorly, the cloud covers the apical half of the discal cell and does not reach beyond the hind margin of this cell. Male. Antennae rather long (reaching somewhat beyond the root of the wing), with four rows of branches ; the inner ones about half so long as the outer ones; the three basal (branchless) joints and the flagellum. except its extreme tip. are yellowish : the branches are brownish. The male genitals are clavate. but the club is smaller than that of the species of the following section ; their color is brownish-ferruginous, blackish above. Female. Antennae hardly reaching the root of the wings, serrated, ferrugi- nous-yellowish ; upper valves of the ovipositor very short and, beyond their broad basal portion, abruptly narrowed and almost linear: their tip is rounded. Hab. Illinois (Mr. Walsh.) Observation. — I have seen in Dr. Harris's Collection in Boston, two female specimens of a Ctenophora, which, judging by the structure of their antennge. seem to beldng to this .section. I reproduce here the short description made by me, at the time when I saw them. C. apicata n. sp. 9 • Whole body yellowish-brown, shining; some darker spots on the vertex and thorax ; abdomen also darker, with the hind margin of one or two intermediate segments yellowish. Antennae yellowish, rather short, subpectinated or sub- moniliform. Feet brownisli-yellow, apical third of the middle and of the hind femora brown; tarsi infuscated towards the tip. Wings yellowish; apical ])art, posterior to the discal cell, tinged with brown. Hab. Maine; New Hampshire. 1864.] 47 2. Antcnnse of the male irlth three rows of hranrhes ; the thinl. intcnnc(U(tte one^ is shorter than the lateral ones ; antennae, of the female elongated^ suhfliform ; male genitah large^ clavate ; female oripasitor neri/ long, sirord-shaped. C. fumipennis u. sp. "J, ? • Nigra, alis fuliginosis : 'J, abdomine pedibusque nigris; 9 ^''f^on'i'^f iiigi''>. basi ferrugineo, pedibus ferrugiiieis. Black, wings smoky black : % with the abdomen and feet black : 9 abdomen black, ferruginous at the basis; feet ferruginous. Long. c! [May The coloring of the body is usually black, mixed with ferruginous, so that the black prevails on the thorax, the ferruginous on the abdomen, which, in most specimens, has a black, more or less extended, dorsal stripe. Among five males one had a black abdomen, the hind margins of the segments tinged with yellowish and some ferruginous spots on the sides of the two first, on the two last segments and on the club. When the tliorax is black, there is a percep- tible dull tawny sj)ot above the middle eoxte and a dull reddish spot on each side of the metathorax. In some specimens, the reddish color prevails on the thorax so as to leave only three broad, black, shining stripes on its back. The only female which I have seen, had a ferruginous thorax, with the exception of dark spots on the pleurse. Anteunse of the male black at the base, flagellum grayish-brown in some spe- cimens, yellowish-white in others, with three rows of branches, the interme- diate one being the shortest. Antennte of the female longer than head and thorax together; three first joints brownish, the following ferruginous, more or less tipped with brown ; the proportion between the length of the joints is the same as in the female of C. fumipennis. On the thorax, the membrane be- tween the root of the wing and the collare is bright yellow : the pleuraj have a slight grayish down. Halteres yellowish, their stem sometimes infuseated. Male genitals large, clavate: female ovipositor long, sword-shaped. Femora ferruginous, dark brown at the tip : fore tibiae dark tawny, still darker towards the tip: middle and hind tibiae ferruginous-tawny, darker at the basis and grad- ually infuseated towards the tip. Tarsi dark brown, the tip of the first joint and the three following joints of the foremost ones are i)ale grayish brown. (The only female specimen liad altogether ferruginous feet, except the tarsi, which were brown, from the tip of the first joint.) Wings with a somewhat topazine yellowish tinge ; veins brown ; the interval between the costa and the first longitudinal vein more saturate yellow; stigma dark brown: its anterior por- tion sometimes paler; one of the males had a rather indistinct small grayish cloud, occupying the latter two-thirds of the discal cell and somewhat encroach- ing upon its surroundings; the extreme apex of the wing is also slightly mar- gined with gray : the second and third longitudinal veins are nearly parallel and the distance between their tips is somewhat shorter than the distance be- tween the tips of the third and of the following veins. Hah. Virginia (Dr. Wilson.) Obsfrvation. — I would take this species for C. dorsalis Walker, if it was not for the words : feelers having alternate rows of long and short hranrhrs on each side, which place Mr. Walker's species in the first section. C, frontalis n. sp. %. Ferruginea, capite nigro. abdominis segmentis 2-S superne nigricantibus. alis liyalinis, stigmate fusco. Ferruginous, head black, the segments 2-8 of the abdomen blackish above : wings altogether hyaline ; stigma brown. Long. Corp. % 0.(3 : long. al. 0.5. isra.] 49 Head lilack. mouth browiiisli. palpi hrownish-yellow. their tip hhick ; an- tenuw pale ferruginous; branches brownish gray, in three rows, the interme- diate row being the shortest. Thorax ferruginous, shining above ; hardly any vestiges of stripes are perceptible : the membrane between the root of the wings and the coUare dingy-yellow. Ilalteres yellow. Feet pale ferruginous: tips of the femora slightly brownish ; the extreme tips of the tibipe. including the spurs, brown: tarsi pale brownish, the extreme tips of the ?,d and 4th joints are l)rown : last joint dark brown. (The foremost feet are wanting in my only specimen.) Abdomen ferruginous, a Idack dorsal stripe of rather indefinite outline, begins at the second segment and ends at the base of the large, club- shaped male genitals, which are entirely ferruginous ; this stripe occuj)ies how- ever only the middle of the dorsal segments, the sides of which are ferrugi- nous. Wings altogether hyaline, even the space between the costa and the first longitudinal veins is without any tinge; veins yellow at the basis of the wings, black on the remainder of their surface; stigma brown : the 2d and 3d veins are distinctly diverging towards their tips, so that the distance between these tips is somewhat larger than that between the tip of the .Sd longitudinal and of the following vein. Hah. Massachusetts (Sanborn). Obsi' rent ion I. — I possess an imperfect specimen of a female, which may belong to this species. Although the body is differently colored, the hyaline wings, yellowish at the basis, and the direction of the 2d and od longitudinal veins aiford strong points of analogy. I incline to believe that G. front^. like (\ fopazi'na, varies in its coloring from black to ferruginous. I let the description of this female follow : Head and thorax black, shining; palpi tawny at the base, the last joints black: antennae brown: first joint black above: the third joint (first joint of the flagellum) is about half the length of the first, incrassated towards the tip on its upper side and therefore, clavate : fourth joint linear, somewhat longer than the third: the fifth joint also linear, about | of the fourth: the 6th still shorter; the 7th and the following are subelliptical. the three penultimate joints subglobular. The membrane between the root of the wings and the col- lare is yellow. Halteres yellow. Fore coxae black, clothed with pale hairs, their extreme tip and the trochanters ferruginous ; middle and hind coxae pale ferruginous, black at the extreme basis ; femora ferruginous, the extreme tip brownish above: tibife dark tawny, paler on the inside; foremost tarsi dark brown; the first joint and the extreme basis of the second joint pale brownish. (The other tarsi, as well as the abdomen, are wanting.) Wings as in the male. Bab. Ohio (Capt. Holden.) Ohxervation TI. — It is not impossible that this is 6'. Kurrfdrns Walk., although the description of this species in the Diptera tSaaia/n-.'o'aiia is too unmeaning to admit of any conclusion, the more so. as Walker describes only the female. 50 [May Notes on some of the DIUENAL LEPIDOPTERA of the State of New York, with descriptions of their Larvae and Chrysalides. By J. A. LINTXER. Utic.\. X. Y. The following pages are compiled from a series of Notes, extending over a period of seven yeai's, during which time the writer was engaged in making a collection of the Insects of Schoharie, in Eastern New York, where he was then residing. Believing thorough explorations of limited localities to be of greater value to science, than the simple bringing together through exchange, of large collections, most of the work done, was without the knowledge of what had been achieved by others, and what additions were still needed, toward the completion of our Insect biographies. Through this neglect, now much regretted. many rare opportunities were lost, of adding materially, by additional observations and notes, to the number and value of the few new facts now presented. The collection above referred to, numbers over two thousand species, of which about one-half are of the order of Lepidoptera. The Notes. with few exceptions, are of the Lepidoptera, and embrace descriptions more or less full, of one hundred larvae. Papilio turnus, Linn. The earliest appearance of this butterfly, which I have recorded, is the loth May. In a warm room I have had it emerge as early as December 0th. It is usually not very abundant. In 1856, not one came under my observation, but the year following it was so plentiful that toward the last of June it could occasionally be seen in companies of ten or twelve, settled upon damp patches of earth, after the manner of C. philodice. In 1858 it was as abundant as phUodice — our most common species. The black variety, glaucm, does not occur here. I have very rarely captured the female, and in those which I have bred, the males have largely outnumbered the other sex. The larva has been taken the middle of August on the Hop, resting on a slight web, spun by it on the_ upper surface of the leaf. An ex- cellent description of it is given by Benj. D. Walsh, in Vol. I. p. o52 of these Proceedings. 1864.] 51 The chri/mlis is 1.25 in. long, yellowisli, marked with brown on the wing-cases and most of the tubercles, and with a stigmatal brown line : head-case short, bifid, beaks diverging, corrugated, reflected exter- nally, with two intermediate minute tooth-like projections; dorsal region to the ninth segment, ranging with the thoracic ; thoracic projection slightly elevated, right-angled, with two small brown tubercles ante- rior to it ; a single small humeral projection ; margins of wing cases moderately angular; segments from the seventh to the twelfth inclusive, with two dorsal rows of small warty tubercles, two subdorsal rows of smaller, and a minute black point beneath each stigma, — the three terminal segments, carinated laterally beneath, and not ending in a spine. Papilio asterias, Fab. First appearance of bntfrrjl//. May 6th ; within doors, in a warm room, December 13th. The middle of June, it may be seen depositing its eggs, singly, upon the leaves of the parsnip, caraway and other umbelliferous plants. The eggs are of a delicate light yellow, smooth and round, with the exception of being slightly flattened where they are attached to the leaf. The mature larva is well known. The young larva is nearly black, and very unlike its appearance after its last molting, at which time it assumes its green color. Chri/sah's 1 in. to 1.10 in. long; head case long, with beaks nearly parallel — otherwise as in turnus ; thoracic projection brown, moderately elevated, descending perpendicularly in front; middle dorsal region, depressed, — the ventral region opposite, correspondingly convex ; dor- sal and subdorsal tubercles in number and arrangement, as in furnus. but larger, approaching to spines ; wing cases projecting at their pos- terior angle ; terminal segments beneath, as in turnus. (Described from dead chrysalides, and the coloration consequently omitted, as in several of the following species.) Papilio troilus, Linn. This is one of our most rare diurnals. and I am only acquainted with its imago. I have taken it twice, the middle of June, resting on damp ground ; others have been reported to me, in a neighboring locaHty, where its food plant. La urns Sassa/rax. is found. 52 [May PiERis OLERAOEA, Harris. This butterfly, until recently, has been extremely rare in this place. Previous to 1857, T had taken it but once during the three preceding: years. At present, in numbers, it ranks second to C. philodicc. It is usually seen flitting about gardens, and in the streets, alighting occa- sionally upon damp spots of earth. It commences its daily flight at an earlier hour than any other species — often before seven o'clock — and is seen abroad until quite late in the afternoon. There are three broods of this butterfly during the year. Of the first brood, I have taken individuals as early as the 18th of April. About the 10th of May they are abundant; a month later none are t<> be seen. The second brood appears about the 1st of July, varying from this period, by a week earlier or later, as the season may influence their development. The middle of August, a third brood makes its appearance. During the last week of August and the first week of September, they are very numerous, more so than at any other time of the year. At any mo- ment during the day one or more individuals may be seen on the wing. My notes show, that for two years, this brood consisted only of those which had the posterior wings simply tinged with yellow, without the conspicuous black veins. Is this uniformly the case ? So far as I am able to recall, both those which I have bred and captured of the first brood, have had the black veined yellow posterior wings. It will be interesting to determine by further observations, whether these diff^er- ences in the successive broods really exist. About the 10th of October, the last of the brood are seen flitting about, with denuded and broken wings. By this time nearly all the larvae have matured, and their chrysalides may be found suspended beneath boards, or under shelter of the grasses growing beside garden fences in the immediate vicinity of oleraceous crops. From the marked variations in color, presented by this species, — the inferior surface of the posterior wings in some, having but the slightest tinge of yellow, and in others, being of an orange yellow, with con- spicuous black bordered veins, — authors have been led to separate it into distinct species, or at least into permanent varieties. Although varying so much in appearance, there can be but little doul)t that they 1864.] 53 constitute but a single species. Collections have been made, in which the extremes are connected by every gradation of shade. But it is probable that any number of individuals, collected from one locality, at one particular time, will present a very limited range of variation. In the earlier years of its appearance in this place, those taken, with very few exceptions, were nearly immaculate ; none were found having the black veined yellow posterior wings, which during the last few years have been so plentiful. I had hoped to institute a series of experiments and observations, on the variations which this species offers, with a view of determining as far as practicable, the following points, some of which had been sug- gested for my study, by correspondents : a. The range of variation existing in the brood of a single 9 ■ b. The modification of variation, from the union of % and 9 "' *h® same style of variation. c. Ditto of different styles of variation. d. Ditto of the extremes of variation. e. Variation as modified, by the food-plant. /. Ditto by the impeded development of the larva by cold. 9. Ditto by the impeded development of the chrysalis. My attempts were as follows. I gave a % and $ which had emerged from chrysalis the same day, the freedom of a large, well lighted apart- ment, in which had been placed sugar and water for their food, and thrifty potted plants of horse-radish, cabbage, &c., for the $ to deposit her eggs upon. They were found dead after the lapse of a few days ; no eggs had been placed on the plants, and they probably had not mated. I took pairs in coitu, and treated them as above, with the same result. I captured females while depositing their eggs, and furnished them with plants as above, but no eggs were found upon them. I inclosed in boxes, ovipositing females, with distended bodies ; re- sult as before. It will be seen from the above, that all my efforts to pair the species, or induce it to deposit eggs under the slightest restraint, were in vain. I trust that others who feel an interest in the subject of the variation of our diurnals, may be induced to prosecute its study, experimentally, and that some method may be found of overcoming the difficulties 54 [May which have presented themselves. I would be pleased to have com- municated to me any instance of the successful pairing of any of our butterflies. Although so abundant at Schoharie, oleracea is not generally dis- tributed over the State. In leaving the valley, it diminishes in fre- quency as we ascend the surrounding hills. At Utica not one indi- vidual came under my observation during last year, while at Oswego. in the month of August. I found it very numerous. The larva is .9 in. in length; tapering toward the extremities from the 6th and 7th segments ; head small, rounded, flattened anteriorly, of the diameter of the 1st segment ; segments with six transverse wrinkles; incisures rather deep. Color of the head and body, apple- green ; a lighter green stigmatal stripe, becoming whitish just before the change to chrysalis ; an indistinct vascular line ; body and head covei'ed with numerous short hairs, giving it a downy appearance. — those beneath, white — above the stigmatal line, black mingled with the white, arising from minute black papillae; stigmata broadly oval. Ohrysalis, attached by its tail, and suspended by a girt about its middle; quite angular; head with a single point; thoracic projection, prominent, compressed laterally, apex rounded ; the two lateral projec- tions, margining the wing-cases, shai'p ; abdomen, slender, pointed, rounded beneath, with dorsal and lateral carinations. Color white ; wing-cases, with brown linings, a brown irregular spot near the tip. another near the base, and black points on the nervures and on the margin intermediately : a black spot in front of each lateral projection ; a short black line on the thoracic projection anteriorly and posteriorly ; the segments superiorly, each with a brown cloud above their lateral carination, and regularly dotted with black, as follows : four dots (di- vided by the dorsal carination) posteriorly, forming a parallelogram — four in a transverse line, nearer the anterior portion, and two still nearer together, farther removed from the dorsal carination, — the ten dots arranged in a W nearly. COLIAS PHILODICK, Grodt. I have seen this butterfly abroad as early as April oOth, and as late in the year as November 4th. As with ohracea^ there are, in all pro- bability, three broods each year, for after its first coming it continues 1864.] 55 coQstantly with us, until its final disappearance. It is only in the Fall that it can be seen collected on damp earth by the road-side, in com- panies of hundreds, when as many as twenty can frequently be taken at one sweep of the net, and thousands driven up in a few minutes walk. The white variety of the 9 is not very rare in this locality, although recorded as rare by authors, for a year has seldom passed without giv- ing me one or more. In 1858 — a year remarkably prolific in insect life — I took six in a single field, in less than an hour's time. I have in my collection, one, in which the black border of the primaries is without the spots which characterise the ? , — and one in which the secondaries have on their inferior surface, but a single discoidal sil- vered spot. Extremely abundant as is this species, I am unacquainted with its larva, but it could no doubt be readily obtained from clover fields, by the aid of a sweeping net. Grapta comma, Harris. The larva^ a short time before its final niotling, is whitish, with pale green or blue markings. Subsequent to its molting, the three poste- rior wrinkles of each segment, the lateral flexures, the abdominal spines (except their tips, which are black) and a spot at their base, gradually change to a cream-color, as the larva approaches maturity. The six posterior segments have each a small orange spot above the stigma, — those of the 6th and 11th segments, sometimes quite minute. The dorsal markings in blue or bluish-green are as follows : on the vascular line, a .short line extending backwards from the front of each segment, half- way to the dorsal spine ; on either side, a curved line, commencing anteriorly near the front of the segment, in range with the sub-dorsal .spines, passing with a double flexure, obliquely toward the rear of the dorsal spine, just behind which the two lines are united by a short transverse line ; within these lines, midway between them and the vascular line, are two short dashes on the anterior of the segment, directed obliquely toward the dorsal spine. Head, flesh-color, thickly studded with white spines, the longest of which are black tipped, and terminate in a bristle; the two tubercles, of the color of the head. Stigmata, broadly oval, black, shining under a lens. Legs, bright red; ju'o-legs flesh-color. 56 [May The larva suspends itself by its terminal legs, and assumes its chry- salis state twenty-four hours thereafter. The butterfly emerges after twelve days. The chrysalis is fi-om .75 in. to .95 in. long, marked with six golden dorsal spots at the bases of the anterior spines. — reticulated with grey and white, and brown striped below the stigmata; head-case, with tw<» lateral projections, short, conical, quite acute ; a prominent thoracic spinous projection, compressed laterally, beneath which, on each side is a tubercle ; two humeral projections, the anterior one, subconical, — the posterior, elongated ; inferior wing-cases, with a prominence near the hind margin, on the sixth segment, parallel with the posterior humeral projection — the wing-case intermediately, deeply depressed ; two dorsal rows of spines, from the third to the tenth segments inclu- sive, short, except those of the seventh segment, which are thrice the size of the others; terminal spine, long, flat, slightly curved. The above larval description is from ten individuals, taken on the Hop, between the 10th and last of August. At the same time, one was taken, difiering so much in coloration, as to deserve a separate de- scription. Larva, light yellow ; above the stigmata, a black stripe, iu which is the row of spines with the orange spots at their base — the stripe in its breadth reaching nearly up to the subdorsal row of spines, and sending off", on each segment, the double curved line above de- scribed ; the short vascular line is also black ; the lateral row of oi'ange spots has one spot on the 5th segment, making their number seven, — those from the 6th to the 11th inclusive, are double, the additional spot being behind the spine, lower on the body than the other, and of smaller size. Head, shining black, with stiff" hairs and two branching spines, whitish. Body beneath, blackish. Spines, except of the substig- matal row. cream-color, with black tipped whitish branches ; trunk of the two lateral spines of the 2nd segment, black. On the three ante- rior segments, a whitish median line. Stigmata black. Legs red. The butterfly obtained from the above larva does not diiFer materi- ally from other specimens of comma in my possession. These are the principal variations noticed : the large black spot resting on the ante- rior margin of each wing, is larger ; the two black spots situated be- tween the nervules of the sub-mediaa of the primaries, are smaller — 1S(U.] 57 the brown spot at their posterior angle is more distinct ; the six orange marginal spots of the secondaries, are brighter. I deem it probable that we still have at least two species confounded in comma, — the determination of which will require close observation, and such particular larval descriptions as I have endeavored to give above. The female has the wings less emarginated than the male. With the two side by side, a casual glance at the broad and short tail of the secondaries of the former, and the longer and more slender tail of the latter, will serve to designate the sexes. This difference is observable, though to a less extent, iu the other species of this genus. Another obvious sexual characteristic of Grrapta, is, the long hairs which clothe the anterior pair of legs of the male. I have captured this butttn-Jiy &n.v\\ev than any other species, — flitting about in the warm sunlight of a spring-like day, on the 2nd of March. Although but slightly worn, it had undoubtedly been drawn out from its winter quarters. The first brood makes its appearance in June. Its larva will proba- bly be found on the Elm, during the preceding month. Of the second brood, from the Hop, I have had them from chrysalis, from the 25th of August to the 5th of September. GrRAPTA PAUNUS, Edwards. This species is of much more rare occurrence in this locality than the preceding Among the Adirondack Mountains of this State, near Raquette Lake, in the mouth of August, I once met with a large gath- ering of them, upon a small spot of moist earth. Usually extremely shy as are all the Grraptas, my approach startled only a few of their number, which, after a short circuit, returned to their repast. I expe- rienced not the least difficulty in capturing twenty or more by hand, although another collector had preceded me — a large toad {Bu/o ame- ricaauii) — whom I found holding a central position in the group, and earnestly engaged in lapping up with his broad tongue, one after an- other of the company, with the greatest dexterity, seldom missing an attempt. After watching for some minutes the novel performance, I left him still gorging himself upon what I should judge to be unusual Batrachian diet. 58 [May GrRAPTA PROGNE, Fab. Larva, reddish grey ; spines white, with branches, some of which are bhick tipped ; tubercles from which the spines proceed, Hght red ; on each .segment two or three bhick bands posteriorly, and four short black dorsal lines, extending obliquely from its anterior edge, across one-third of its extent — -the two inner ones directed toward the cross- ing of the vascular line by the incisure — and the two outer ones toward a point on the following segment. Prologs, black exteriorly. Head small, strongly spiued. Length 1.25 inches. While feeding, the larva detaches its terminal legs from the leaf, and curves upward its last two segments. T have taken it on the wild Grooseberry (^Rihes rotund ifuliiim) and on the Currant (^Rlbcs rubrum. ) In chrysalis, June 13th — 20th; emerges from chrysalis after twelve or thirteen days. Chrysalis, .85 in. long; head-case prolonged in two parallel obliquely truncated horns, foi'ming a full U — their tips maculated with brown ; thoracic projection, not prominent; dorsum, slightly depressed, and its spines almost obsolete; humeral projections as in comma; wing-ca.ses. with a blunt projection near their posterior margin, and deeply exca- vated centrally; terminal spine, long, rounded, moderately curved. The hutterjli/ probably hybernates. I have taken worn and faded ones, early in May, which had doubtless survived the winter. A few may be disclosed from chrysalis in the spring. Dr. Fitch gives July as the time of its appearance, and limits it to a single brood ; he records as worthy of note, that Dr. Harris had obtained it as late as the 18th of i^ugust. I have captured it fresh and just from chrysalis, the 7th of September — clearly establishing the fact which would naturally be expected from its close relationship to comma, of two annual broods. Toward the last of September and early in October, it may frequently be seen, regaling itself upon the juices of fallen pears and other fruit, in company with interrogationis. Grapta j. album, Grodt. Larva, two inches long, light green ; head with black markings on the sides — thickly set with setae and with short spines, of which the lateral ones are each tipped with a long seta — and armed with two shining black, thick spines, verticillated near the tip ; the dorsal and 1864.] 59 subdorsal rows of spines, shining black, except at base, which is rufous, with long branches — those of the anterior segments more numerously branched than the others, and having each point tipped with a seta ; the super- and sub-stigmatal rows, rufous, tipped with black. Chrt/salis, one inch long — of a beautiful green, delicately reticulated under a lens — with six golden dorsal spots ; head-case, with conical beaks, less projecting and acute than in comma ; thoracic projection elevated in a compressed, slightly recurved beak, similar to comma, and tipped with black anteriorly ; dorsal spines, prominent — the superior one, about double the size of the others ; wing cases, moderately de- pressed — the humeral projections prominent — that near hind margins on sixth segment, moderate ; stigmata brown, with a brown spot beneath, centrally on the segment ; terminal spine broad, flat, deeply excavated beneath, and bordered with brown. I have taken the larva but once. When captured, it was fully ma- tured, and crawling rapidly over the ground of a dense grove of varied timber, and I am therefore unable to give its food-plant. It changed to a chrysalis the 27th of June, and emerged after thirteen days. The spinous head of the larva justifies its removal to the genus where I now place it, and where the silver character of the posterior wings naturally locates it. Its marginal series of crescents of green scales beneath (connected here in a band), the inner row of minute black dots, and the dentated markings of the basal region — are well known characteristics of the Glraptas; while the contracted silver marking, re- duced frequently to a mere dash, the wings less emarginate, and palpi more hairy, — show it to be the nearest allied of its genus, to Vanessa. The hufterjii/ is quite rare. It hybernates, and is occasionally found, in the winter season, within old buildings, where it had taken shelter. The first warm days of March draw it from its retreat. In September a second brood appears, a portion of which pass the winter in chrysalis. Vanessa antiopa, Linn. Larva^ two inches long ; velvety black, with whitish dots in trans- verse bands, from which proceed short whitish hairs ; vascular line, black, interrupted by eight or nine red spots, usually of a triangular form, having a spine at the apex, and one (subdorsal) in each side. Head, somewhat cordate, black, with a few small shining black tuber- cles, and whitish hairs. Abdominal spines, long, black, with a few 60 [May black brunches aud whitish setae, and arranged as follows : none on the first segment ; on the second aud third segments, four each — the subdorsal ones exceeding all the others in length ; on the fourth seg- ment, six spines; on the remaining segments, seven each ; those of the substigmatal row have, in some instances, a dull red spot at their base above : the spines are not in a transverse line — the dorsal one occupy- ing the anterior of the segment, the substigmatal one the posterior, and the subdorsal and superstigmatal ones in range intermediately. This arrangement of spines is uniform in all the Vanessas. Legs, black ; prolegs, fulvous ; stigmata barely discoverable even under a lens, ex- cept when bordered, as sometimes, with whitish. Ohysalis, 1 in. in length ; beaks of head-case, short and conical ; thoracic projection of medium height, nearly ranging anteriorly with the frontal beaks ; dorsal spines, long, quite acute, and excepting the last, nearly equal; anterior humeral projection, elevated, acute; wing cases, slightly depressed, and with a very moderate projection on the inferiors; terminal spine, short, flattened and quite broad. Thebutfe7-Ji^ frequently hybernates, and has been seen abroad the 23d of March. It has three annual broods. The Jirst, from the chrysalides of the Fall brood, appears in May. The second brood is seen the lat- ter part of July. A colony of larvae, numbering about thirty, which I took on a small twig of Willow, early in July, after undergoing their last molting, were found on the morning of the 14th, to have sus- pended themselves during the night, preparatory to their change ; at the close of the day they had all assumed the chrysalis state. In eight days thereafter the butterflies emerged. Of the tkh-d brood, I have obtained chrysalides the middle of September, and the butterfly the 1st of October, after sixteen days — a longer time being required for the change, at this period of the year. A portion only of the chrysalides of this brood — those which were the first to reach that stage, or such as may have had positions more favorable for their development. — disclose their butterflies at this unfriendly season, when the cold autum- nal winds so soon compel them to shelter themselves in winter retreats. An interesting peculiarity of this species — not observed by me in any other diurnal, and not to the same extent among the nocturnals where it is of frequent occurrence — is its habit of counterfeiting death. When newly emerged, within the breeding cage, it may be taken be- 1864.] 61 tween the fingers, without the slightest show of resistance ; at the first touch it fields up its legs and becomes seemingly inanimate. Released from the hand, it drops upon its side, and will even allow itself to be tossed from side to side without attempting flight. If left undisturbed for a short time, it slowly raises itself, and simply resumes its upright position. This species varies much in size. I have it from two inches, to three and a half inches spread of wings — the former doubtless dwarfed from insufficient food. Vanessa Milberti, Grodt. Larva, length 1.10 in. ; anterior segments quite tapering; head small, with short hairs proceeding from minute whitish granulations ; body black, with granulations like those of the head, and with rufous dots sometimes coalescent, as on the back, where they margin a black vascular line, and anterior to each subdorsal spine, where they form a curved spot ; between the stigmata, a connected series of rufous cres- cents — each crescent convex above, extending from the lower portion of one stigma to the upper part of the following ; below the stigmata, a rufous stripe; ventral region, yellowish; legs, black; prolegs, rufous, anterior to each pair of which is a quadrangular brown spot ; spines clothed with delicate setfe, — the dorsal, subdorsal and superstigmatal rows, black, and the substigmatal, rufous. (The color of the crescents and dots is taken from an alcoholic specimen.) Chri/saJ!.^, .8 in. in length, slightly angular: frontal beaks, short, conical ; thoracic projection forming nearly a right angle; dorsal spines, but little elevated — the superior one exceeding very little the others in size ; wing-cases, as in antiopa ; terminal spine, short, flattened, curved. I have no knowledge of more than two annual broods of this butter- fly. It makes its appearance very early in the spring. I have taken the sexes, somewhat worn. In coHu, on the loth of March, — and on April 7th those which, without doubt, had been newly disclosed from chrysalis. A second brood appears about the middle of August, after having passed ten days in chrysalis. The larva is usually very abun- dant on the common Nettle ( Urtica dioica), growing by the roadside, — a very large number frequently clustering on a single plant. Although &2 [May so numerous, comparatively few pass beyond the larval state, the larger proportion falling victims to the parasite peculiar to it. Of twenty-five larvae, which I placed in my breeding cage, only five became chrysal- ides. From the body of each of the others when full grown, a number > heUoiin. Fab. ■' aphrodite, Fab. I'j/rami'isi atalanta, Linn. Llmeiiltix ui-su/(i, Fab. Si(f//n(^ alopt\ Fab. F(jU/ommatus phleas. hirna. Goniloha tifi/rua, Sm. Abb. Hesperia her. unless otherwise stated, is Schoharie, New York. 1864.] 65 STATED iMEETING. June 13. President Bland in the Chair. Ten Memhers present. On ballot, Mr. George H. Hathaway of Chicago, Illinois, was elected a Corresponding Member of the Society. On report of the respective Committees, the following papers were ordered to be published. Descriptions of several new species of North American COLEOPTERA. BY .JAMES H. B. BLAND. Stapuylinus capitatus, n. sp. Black ; head fulvous ; fifth and sixth dorsal and all the ventral seg- ments, silvery-sericeous. //ff/>.— Canada West. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Body black, pubescent and having a few long black hairs scattered over the surface ; head large, subquadrate, broader and larger than the thorax, fulvous, clothed with very short golden-sericeous pubescence, finely punctured, and having several deep, isolated, black punctures, from which proceeds a single long black hair ; eyes small, rounded, black ; mandibles long, acute, shining, fulvous, their tips black, as well as the palpi and the sides and undei'surface of the collar ; antennae rufo-piceous. the basal joint fulvous, apical joints blackish. Thorax subquadrate, slightly narrowed behind, truncate anteriorly and rounded posterierly, finely punctured, densely clothed with very short black pubescence, and having scattered spots of fulvous pubescence, which are more obvious Avheu viewed in certain lights ; dorsal sui'face with a smooth, polished, longitudinal, elevated line, obsoletely defined in the middle ; scutellum velvety-black. Elytra quadrate, broader than the head, the surface uneven, with dense short black pubescence; humerus with a lateral fulvous mark. Legs black, with black pubescence ; the femora within stained with rufous. Abdomen narrower than the elytra, black, the 2nd, ord and 4th segments above with a velvety-black patch of pubescence on their middle, which have, when viewed in certain 66 [June lights, a slight mixture of fulvous pubescence ; 5th and Gth segments clothed with appressed silvery-sericeous pubescence ; apical segments black, with an anal tuft of long black hairs ; beneath, the thorax and ventral segments are silvery-sericeous. Length 6^ lines. This species is readily distinguished from all others, by the fulvous head, and silvery band of the abdomen above. It was collected and presented to the Society, by Mr. William Saunders, of London, Canada West. Chrysobothris purpurata, n. sp. Purple, with three coppery depressions on each elytron. Hah. — Nebraska. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) 9 . Body purple, depressed ; head very densely punctured, between the eyes a large rhomboidal impression, beneath which are two small smooth spots, and a little lower down the face is tinged with green ; antennae bronze, greenish towards the tip, 3rd joint a third longer than the 4th. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, rounded on the sides ; posterior margin lobed in the middle; dorsal groove not well defined, densely punctured, sides more densely and somewhat rugosely punc- tured, with a deep depression near the lateral margin ; on each side of middle there is a transverse greenish spot. Elytra wider than the thorax, the sides straight to the posterior third, from which it narrows, somewhat obliquely, to the tip, and very finely serrate; tip rounded to the suture; purple, tinged with coppery towards the apex, densely punctured; on each elytron at base, a circular depression, the outline of which is obsolete behind towards the suture, in the middle of this depression there is a small lunular elevation; a little above the middle a rather large uneven coppery depression ; just below the middle, near the lateral margin, a small transverse coppery depression, and a smaller one a little above the apical third, near the sutui'e ; subsutural costa entire from the apex forward to the anterior third, where it becomes obsolete and joins the lower margin of the semicircular basal depres- sion ; submarginal costa entire from the humerus almost to the tip ; abdomen beneath bright coppery, polished, sparsely punctured, the sides more densely so; apical segment deeply emarginate in the mid- dle, the sides scarcely serrated. Legs coppery, tai'si greenish. Length 4 lines. 1864.] 67 S . Suialler than the 9 , the face and anteunae entirely green ; the sculpture of the elytra not so sharply defined, and the three coppery depressions not so bright ; the last ventral segment is broadly emargi- nate at tip. Length 3 lines. Collected and presented to the Society, by Mr. John Pearsall. Cardiophorus montanus, n. sp. Black, clothed with yellowish-sericeous pubescence. Hab.—'RoGky Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) Body black, minutely punctured, clothed, especially the elytra, with very fine, short, yellowish-sericeous pubescence, more obvious in certain lights ; head rather strongly impressed between the eyes ; mouth pice- ous, clothed with golden pubescence ; antennae about as long as the thorax, brown-black, serrate, basal joint robust. Thorax convex, sides rounded, very minutely punctured, shining, posterior margin de- pressed, on the middle of which there is a deep depression and another on each side of it ; anterior margin with a shallow depression on each side of the middle ; posterior angles subacute ; scutellum impressed on the disk. Elytra as wide as the thorax ; the dorsal surface flattened, with several shallow depressions; strire tolerably well impressed and regularly punctured, interstices flat, indistinctly punctured, the 3rd to 0th striae confused near the apes. Legs blaekish-piceous, the tarsi rufous. Length 4^ lines. Closely allied to C. convex ulus Lee, but is more robust and the face more deeply impressed. Presented to the Society by the Committee on Collecting Fund. CORYMBITES BRUNNIPES, n. Sp. Black, shining ; elytra deeply striated ; legs dark brown. ffab. — Nebraska. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Body elongate, black, shining; head and thorax with dense and rather strong punctures, those on the face coarser and confluent ; the face broadly and deeply impressed, producing an obtuse tubercle on each side just above the insertion of the antenncc; mandibles piceous, with pale hairs ; antenna? as long as the thorax in $ , and longer in % , black, opaque, ord joint twice the length of the second, the 4th to the !)th joints about equal in length, the 4th and 8th being rather strongly serrate, apical joint somewhat constricted at tip. Tho- 68 [June rax convex, sides rounded anteriorly, narrowed posteriorly ; posterior angles rather long, divergent, carinated. the apex obtuse ; disk with an obsoletely impressed line, more obvious in front ; posterior margin deeply impressed ; scutellum round, depressed, with a slight grey pubescence. Elytra about as wide as the thorax, depressed at base and slightly narrowed, widest at the posterior third and then gi-a- dually attenuated to the apex; striae well impressed, very deeply so at base, rather indistinctly punctured, interstices convex, finely punc- tured ; beneath black, polished, minutely punctuted, slightly pubescent. Legs dark brown, pubescent. Length S 6 lines, 9 "> hiies. The female is much more robust than the male, the elytra has a slight cupreous tinge, while that of the male is slightly bluish. The female specimen before me also differs from the male in the general color being somewhat brownish, which is doubtless owing to immaturity. Collected and presented to the Society by Mr. John Pearsall. CORYMBITES NIGRICOr.LTS, n. sp. Head and thorax black; elytra yellowish-brown, with four large dark marks. Hab.—nookj Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.j Head black, closely punctured, flattened in front. clothe(J^ith golden pubescence ; mandibles rufous, black at tip ; palpi and antennae pice- ous, the latter subserrate, the 2nd and 3rd joints slightly pubescent, remaining joints densely so, 2nd joint about half the lengtii of the 3rd, 4th about equal to the 2nd and 3rd combined. Thorax black, much longer than broad ; closely and neatly punctured, clothed with golden pubescence ; somewhat narrowed in front ; posterior angles slightly divergent, carinated ; lateral margins nearly straight ; deeply impressed on the middle of the posterior margin. Scutellum black, punctured. Elytra slightly dilated behind the middle; yellowish-brown, covered with short prostrate golden pubescence ; striae well impressed, distinctly punctured at base, obsoletely so at tip, interstices convex, somewhat rugosely punctured ; a large dark brown mark on the anterior fourth extending from the 2nd sutural stria to near the lateral margin, thence inclining towards the humerus ; a dark brown spot on the middle, com- mencing near the suture, widening towards the lateral margin, but not confluent with it; lateral margins reflexed ; beneath black, minutely 1S()4.] 69 punctured, clothed with yellowish pubescence. Legs dnvk brown. Length 5^ lines. Presented to the Society by Mr. E. T. Cresson. PiTYOBIUS BlLIilNGSII. U. sp. Blackish-piceous ; antennae pale brown ; legs and abdomen pieeous. //«i.— Canada West. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) % . Body blackish-piceous; head coarsely and confluently punctured, deeply excavated between the eyes ; mouth pieeous ; antennae longer than the head and thorax, bipectinate, brown, becoming paler toward the tip, ord joint broader and larger than the 2nd. Thorax black, about equal in length and breadth, coarsely and confluently punctured, sides rounded in front, somewhat sinuate behind the middle, the pos- terior angles long, subacute, cariuated and strongly divergent ; dorsal groove deep, broader just behind the middle, on each side of this groove in front there is a large deep depression ; posterior margin strongly and transversely depressed on each side. Elytra elongate, subconvex, slightly depressed at the anterior fourth, .aides almost paral- lel, being slightly sinuate about the middle, gradually rounded at tip ; striae deep, not distinctly punctured, interstices convex, rugosely punc- tured; abdomen beneath pieeous, finely punctured. Legs pieeous, va- ried with rufous, tarsi pale rufous. Length 12 J lines. This species differs from the % specimen before me of P. a Hiyainus Lee, by being much more robust, more coarsely punctured, the depres- sions of the thorax, though similarly situated, are much deeper and larger, the striae of the elytra are more deeply impressed and the in- terstices more coarsely punctured. The greatest difi"erence between these two species, however, lies in the proportions of the thorax, which in the present species, is as broad as long and the sides rounded in front, while in anguinus it is longer than broad and the sides nearly parallel. The color of the antenna) and legs is also dififerent. It gives me pleasure to dedicate this fine species to Mr. B. Billings. Jr., of Ottawa, Canada West, to whose kindness the Society is indebted for this and many other valuable Coleoptera. Gaurotes Cressoni. n. sp. Black ; elytra deep blue ; abdomen rufous ; femora, except base and apex, fulvous. 70 ' [June Hab.—B.O(ikj Mountains, Col. Ter. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) % . Body black, shining ; head closely punctured, with a longitudi- nal impressed line on the vertex ; mouth piceous, with yellowish pu- bescence ; antennae about as long as the body, black. Thorax black, polished, feebly punctured, broader than long, narrowed in front and suddenly constricted to a band at both anterior and posterior margins ; dorsal groove finely impressed, and on each side of it a shallow depres- sion, outside of which, near the lateral margin, there is a much deeper depression ; scutellum black, finely canaliculate, with a deep puncture near the tip. Elytra about twice as broad as the thorax, narrowed posteriorly ; deep metallic blue, deeply and closely punctured, especially at base ; humerus very prominent, there being a profound depression between it and the scutellum ; body beneath black, abdomen rufous. Legs black, the femora, except base and apex, fulvous. Length 6 lines. Distinguished from G. cyanipennis Say, and G. ahdominalis Bland, by the much coarser punctation and by the color of the antennae and legs; from cyanipoinis it is at once distinguished by the short trans- verse thorax, the shape of which approaches that of ahdomtnaUa, but is still more transverse. It is, however, abundantly distinct from either species. Presented to the Society by Mr. E. T. Cresson, to whom it is dedi- cated. Mel(E Aper, n. sp. Short, black ; head and thorax coarsely and deeply punctured ; elytra shining, rugosely punctured. Hab. — Nebraska. (Coll. Knt. Soc. Philadelphia.) Male. — Deep black. Head broader than the thorax, deeply, coarsely and somewhat confluently punctured ; vertex with a longitudinal im- pressed line ; antennte as long as the head and thorax, the 4th to 10th joints moniliform, black, the 8th to apical joints pubescent. Thorax punctured like the head, quadrate, sides slightly sinuate behind the middle ; disk with a deep longitudinal impression near the posterior margin which is depressed and sinuate. Elytra shining, rugosely punc- tured, the abdominal segments densely punctured. Legs black, faintly tinged with blue, sparsely punctured, shining; tarsal claws cleft. Leno'th 4i lines. 1Sed with bhick. Transverse posterior line evenly dentate, with two broadly prominent teeth, broadly marked at its last and deepest inflex- ion at internal margin, followed by an even, broad, brown shade, which occupies the space between it and the sub-terminal line, latter distinct. black, preceded, towards internal margin, by a greyish shade. Termi- nal space with a row of black and greyish dots between the veins. Posterior wings yellow with a basal dark brown shade, internal margin clothed with long dark brown hair. Median band black, absorbed su- periorily by the brown basal shade, much constricted at the disc, taper- ing, sinuate to internal margin. Terminal band broad, black, leaving a small yellow space at external angle and a narrow yellow line from thence to anal angle, streaked five times with blackish at the center of external margin. Under surface dark orange yellow, median bands black, slightly purplish, median band of posterior wings attenuated, ob- solete towards internal margin. Exp. o inches. Coll. Ent. Soc. Phila. Hab. Canada, Eastern and Middle States. I can detect no differences between C. phalanija, m , and the present species, with which it conforms in the shape of the wings, size, course of the median lines on the anterior, and coloration of posterior, wings, except the distinct black band which follows the transverse posterior line, giving an appearance of narrowness to the sub-terminal space, and the paler coloration of the median space superiorily. The following species is regarded by some Entomologists as identical with the foregoing, but I am of opinion that it is very distinct. I think it probable, from determinations I have received from Mr. Walker, that C. palseogama, of the British Museum, refers to the present, and not to the species I have above described as C. palaeogama Gruenee. Catocala piatrix, uov. sj). Plate 3, fig. 5. %, . Anterior wings brown, varied with blackish, with a paler oblique costal band extending over the sub-reniform spot. Transverse anterior line black, distinct, irregularly undulate with a sub-costal tooth ; me- dian space brown with a broad, oblique, anterior, paler costal shade band which extends over the sub-reniform spot {% ). Reniform spot very large, rounded, ringed with an indistinct brownish line, smaller, more distinct in the 9 ; sub-reniform spot long, pale brownish, oblong, enclosed by ( S ) the transverse posterior line ; transverse posterior 1864.] 89 line distinct, uniformly black and of equal width, with two nearly equal sized, moderately prominent and acute teeth, sometimes ( 9 ) followed by a brown band ; subterminal line geminate, indistinct, with an ante- rior greyish band in the 9 . Posterior wings yellow, of a paler shade than in C. palaeogama^ and C phakuKja ; median baud broad, hardly constricted on the disc, slightly tapering to internal margin. Base of the wing very pale brownish yellow ; internal margin clothed with pale brownish yellow hair, internal fringe cinereous, terminal band broad, black, leaving a yellow space at external angle, distinctly terminating before anal angle. Under surface pale luteous, pale ochraceous brown- ish along external margins, orange-colored at base of posterior wings, median bands black, slightly iridescent; legs brownish. Exp. 2y^„ to 3 inches. Coll. Eut. Soc. Philadelphia. Hah. .Middle and Eastern States. Common. Differs from C. palxogani'i. Guenee, by the more acutely toothed transverse posterior line on the anterior wings, which connects with the subreniform spot, by the larger ordinary spots and the absence of the blu- ish-grey color of the median space, by the hardly constricted, straighter median band of the posterior wings and paler basal shade ; the anterior wings are not produced at the apex and the coloi'ing of the under sur- face is paler than in C. paJseogama. Catocala Clintonii, no v. sji. Plate 3, fig. 4. 9 • Anterior wings uniformly pale greyish, faintly tinged with greenish except along the costa. Basal half line black, distinct, joining inferi- orily a broad blackish streak which extends in a straight line from the base of the wing to the transverse anterior line which latter it joins at its center. Transverse anterior line distinct, preceded by a lighter shade, with a subcostal tooth, hardly undulate, with a single dentation on vein 1. Median space with a slight pale brownish tinge anterior to the reniform spot and suffusing the sub-reniform spot. Reniform spot moderate, oval, pale, with a whitish ringlet, surrounded by a black costal streak; sub-reniform rounded, pale brownish, ringed with a brown line, open posteriorily. Transverse posterior line sub-dentate, with two prominent teeth, broadly marked with brownish black at its last inflex- ion at internal margin. Subterminal line greyish, hardly indicated ; terminal space streaked with blackish along veins 2. and 7. the rest of the veins in the terminal space greyish sprinkled with blackish 90 - [June atoms. Posterior wings light yellow; median band black, broadly con- stricted on the disc, straight, slightly narrowing towards internal mar- gin, ioinina; a faint blackish basal shade at external margrin. Terminal baud black, continued, leaving a yellow space at external angle, regu- larly undulate, constricted anterior to anal angle. Under surface of wings pale luteous, darker shaded towards the base, median bauds black, tapering towards either margin. Thorax, tegulae and collar greyish, latter bordered with black with a central whitish line; tegulae with an anterior brown spot bordered with whitish ; abdomen slightly luteous above, paler beneath ; legs grey, middle tibiae streaked with brownish black, anterior and posterior tibise grey. Exp. 2f^ inches. Hab. Eastern States. A 9 specimen in good condition given me by Mr. Wm. A. Nason. and now in the Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia. A very distinct species of more robust form than G. poli/yama Guenee. Named in honor of Hon. Geo. W. Clinton, President of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. GEOMETRINA, H-S. Epione depontanata, nov. sp. Plate 2, 6g. 7. % . Anterior wings pale brownish, median space citron yellow superi- orily, external margin with a moderate angle at the extremity of vein 4. Basal space pale fawn color, slightly purplish at costa and showing several minute streaks. Median space narrow, owing to the propinquity of the median lines which latter are pale brownish, ill defined, the transverse anterior regularly undulate, forming three curves, the first of which rather the most prominent; transverse posterior line some- what arcuated superiorily, slightly dentate, followed by a row of mi- nute white dots on the veins. Median space citron yellow superiorily till below the median vein, becoming pale fawn color towards the inter- nal margin, showing some costal brownish marks and a distinct black diseal dot. Terminal and subterminal spaces evenly colored, pale brown- ish ; subterminal line indicated by minute blackish dots on the veins, joining at the costa a sub-apical purplish semi-circular spot, open at the costa. shaded inwardly with whitish, margined by a darker line which is somewhat dentated posteriorily, straight anteriorily. The terminal and subterminal spaces at internal angle, and along the trans- 1864.] 91 verse posterior line inferiorily, are sparsely and irregularly sprinkled with blackish marks. Posterior wings resembling anterior, external margin acutely angulated; basal space pale fawn color along internal margin, superiorily of the same yellow as on the anterior wings ; me- dian line brownish, appearing as the continuation of the transverse posterior on the anterior wings, with similar white dots on the veins; subterminal line as on anterior wings indicated by blackish dots on the veins, most prominent at anal angle. Under surface of both wings yellowish, tinged with orange, irregularly speckled with purplish marks and showing on the anterior pair a disconnected subterminal and me- dian line emanating at the costa from a purplish sub-apical mark which is bordered posteriorly with whitish. Abdomen and thorax pale fawn- color, head above, purplish; legs pale fawn-color, sparsely speckled, anterior tarsi and tibiae purplish on their upper surface, hind tibiae moderately incrassated; antennae simple. % . Exp. ly**g inches. Hub. Maryland. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia.) Tetracis lorata, nov. sp. Anterior wings entirely pale-yellow, without markings of any kind except an oblique, distinct, nearly straight ochraceous stripe, which traverses the wing from the costa, near the apex, to internal margin. Posterior wings white, silky, immaculate, with a sHght pale yellowish tinge along the external margin which is rounded in both sexes. Tho- rax and head pale-yellowish ; abdomen whitish, immaculate ; legs whit- ish, the anterior tibiae and femora slightly touched with ochraceous ; eyes pale brownish. The external margin of the anterior wings is promi- nently angulated at the extremity of the first inferior vein, and the apex is acute, in the $ , while in the S the external margin is almost rounded and the apex obtuse, as is the case with its congeners. Exp. Ij to 2 inches. Nab. Eastern and Middle States. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Philad.) This species is readily distinguished from the already described N. American species of this genus by its immaculate wings, which are utterly destitute ( S & ? ) of other ornamentation than the single och- raceous stripe on the anterior pair. It would appear to be allied to T. Cachexiata Gruenee, a species described from New Holland, while it forms a group in the genus characterized by the hardly angulated external margin of the posterior wings. 92 [June A. few Lepidoptera Heterocera received by this Society from Pike's Peak, and now contained in its Cabinet, have been determined as fill- lows. A species of Flusia, closely resembling the European P. diver- gens, was preliminarily described on page 274 of the 2nd volume of these Proceedings, as P. vjnea Grrote ; while still considering the species as distinct from its European ally, it is believed to be the species de- scribed as P. nitlcola Walker, with which description the specimen sufficiently corresponds ; the name given it in these pages is accord- ingl}^ withdrawn. Besides the below enumerated, determined speci- mens, individuals were received belonging to the genera Hadena. Anarta, and Cidaria, but their insufficient preservation prevented their specific determination. Deilephila lineata. Fab. Omoiala vermiculata, Grote. Ctenucha Cressonana. Grote. Coloradia Pandora. Blake. Anatolmis Grotei. Packard. Plusia alticola. Walker. Plataea californiaria, Herrich-Schseffer. Gon/todcs uncanaria. Guenee. Cidaria albofasciata, Grote. The latter species, described originally under Baptria, is more cor- rectly referred to its present genus. List of a Collection of LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA, taken near Williams- town, Mass. BY AUG. R. GROTK, Curator of Entomology, Buffalo Society Natural Sciences. A small collection of Lepidoptera taken in the immediate neighbor- hood of Williamstown, Mass., during the season of 1863, by Mr. Wm. A. Nason. having been submitted to me for determination, I have pre- pared the following list, in the expectation of its being of interest in regard to the distribution of the species and as a contribution to the Le])idopterous History of the locality in which they were collected. Limacodes fasciola. H-S. L. laticlavia, Clemens. Harrisina americana. Boisd. 1'. di-^par. Harris. 1864.] 93 Ctenucha virginica. Oliarp.. Grote. >'. Jdfrcillnnii. Kirby. Anct. Sphinx kalmiae, Abb. ct Siii. Darapsa myron. Cramer. S. paiiipinafri.c, Abl>. & Siii. Ceratomia quadricomis, Hiib. Smerinthus excaecatus, Abb. riority over Harris' Dryocampa : tlie N. A. sjiecies are as follows : Anisota pellucida. Diyocampa pellucida. Harr. Anisota senatoria. Ihy. .^c/iatoria. Harr. Anisota bicolor. Biy. bicolor. Harr. Anisota stigma. I)ri/. stigma. Hurr. Anisota rubicunda. Dry. rubirunda. Harr. 94 [June margin, with a chestnut-brown basal patch and some brown streaks and spots in the terminal space, internal margin crested. Extreme base of the wing brownish; basal line distinct; sub-basal space large, greyish at costa, rich chestnut-brown below the median vein, pale buff along the internal margin which latter shade extends from base to in- ternal angle. A very dark brown streak extends from the basal line to the transverse anterior line below the median vein, and a similar streak at internal margin. Transverse anterior line dark brown, grey- ish at costa, undulate, bordered anteriorily by a pale buff shade from below the sub-costal vein to internal margin. Median space widest at costa, narrow at internal margin, greyish, with an elongate pale discal spot with dark brown center. Transverse posterior line cinereous, in- distinct, sub-dentate, continued. Terminal space with a series of rich chestnut-brown streaks between the veins, two more, linear, near the apex. Posterior wings pale cinereous with two indistinct median bands, anal ano-le touched with brownish. Thorax and collar brownish ; teg:- ulge greyish ; abdomen cinereous, slightly browni.sh above. Under sur- face of thorax and inside of legs brownish, outside of legs and sides of thorax clothed with cinereous hairs. Exp. 1 J'q inch. A single S specimen in good preservation. Nerice bidentata. Walker. Chilodasys biguttata, Packard, MSS. A large % variety, having the collar, tegulae and anterior wings suf- fused with dull blackish. Eudryas grata. Fab. Orgyia leucostigma. Abb. & Sm. Halisidota tessellaris, Abb. & Sm. Halesidota antiphola, Walsh. Halisidota caryae. Harris. L. caryoE, Harr. H. annul! fascia, Walker. Arctia virgo, Linn. C. parthenice, Kirby. Arctia isabella. Abb. & Sm. Spilosoma acrea, Drury. virginica. Fab. Hypercompa militaris, Harr. var. lecontei, Boisd. C leucomelas, HS. A single specimen, showing the white spots on the anterior wing.« 1804.] 95 much reduced ; Herrich-Schaeffer's figure represents an intermediate individual in which the spots are nearly confluent. Hypoprepria fucosa, Hubner. L. miniata, Kirby. G. vittata, Harris. Nudaria mendica. Walker. E. hi.ieriafa, H-S. Lacinia cymatophoroides, Guene'e. Microcoelia diphtheroides, Guenee. obliterata, Grote. Diphthera graefii, Grote. A % specimen; the anterior wings are more uniformly greyish ahove than in the 9 ; head white above, with a transverse black streak be- tween the eyes, below the antennal insertion. I have this species also from Canada West. Xanthia gilvago, W. V. A 9 specimen corresponding with my European specimens of this species and from which I cannot separate it. The species has not been heretofore noticed as occuring on this Continent. Cirroedia pampina. Gueuee. Gortyna cataphracta, Grote. nebris, Guenee. nitela, Guenee. Hydroecia nictitans, Linn. lorea, Guenee. Leucania pseudargyria, Guenee. pallens. Linn. Amphipyra pyramidoides. Guenee. An individual included, was taken in Minnesota, and showed no variation from Eastern specimens. Agrotis suffusa, W. V. ^4. telifera, Harris, jaculifera, Guenee. tessellata. Harris. clandestina. Harris. X. lubricans, Guenee. plecta. Linn. Celaena herbimacula, Guenee. 1 ('. renigera, Steph. Eurois imbrifera, Guenee. Hadena arctica, Boisd. H. arnica, Harris, xylinoides, Guenee. 96 [June Apamea finitima, Guene'e. ■? insignata. Walker. Xylophasia lig-nicolora, Guenee. Phlogophora iris. Guenee. CucuUia umbratica. Linn, postera. Guenee. asteroides. Guenee. Alaria florida. (in^nee. Scoliopteryx libatrix. Linn. Plusia praecationis. Guenee. aereoides. Grote. festucae. Linn. calpoides. Grote, MSS. Parthenos nubilis. Hiibner. Catocala amatrix, Hiibner. >'.sclccfa. Walker. concumbens. Walker. briseis. Edwardr*. clintonii. Grote. Parallelia bistriaria, Hiibner. Drasteria erichtea, Cram. Homoptera, spec, indeterni. A badly deimded specimen apparently referalije tti > i/itsa Orury. Placodes cinereola, Guen. Chamyris cerintha, Treits. Hypena scabra. Fal>. Desmia maculalis, Westw. Eutrapela clemitaria, Abb. & Sm. Choerodes transversata, Drury. Endropia serrata. Drury. muzaria. Walker. tigrinaria. Guenee. Angerona crocataria. Fab. T. citrinaria. Hubn. Ellopia ribearia. Fitch. Tetracis crocallata, Guenee. lorata, Grote. Probole alienaria. IIS. Aniphidasys cognataria, <4uenee. Phibalapteryx intestinata. Guenee. Boarmia, spee. indeterm. Microgonia vestitaria. IIS. ,V. /i/iiinoifnria, Guen. Corycia vestaliata. (Juen. Hoematopis grataria. Fab. //. sauiurid, Ilubn. Cidaria diversilineata. Ilnlm. 18G4.] 97 Synopsis of the BOMBYCID^ of the United States. BY A. S. PACKARD. JR. LITHOSIID^ AND ARCTIAD.E. This revision of our Bomhycidse is prepared from materials which have been accumulating for a future monograph of this interesting and beautiful family. It is simply a synonymical list of described species, with the characters of new genera and species. Our material has been .scanty, and by no means represents fairly a group which is so largely developed in North America; as it is, the mass of specimens were col- lected in New England and the Middle Atlantic States, with a few from California and the British Provinces. The principal sources from which the specimens were obtained, are : the Mu.seum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass.; the collec- tion of Dr. T. W. Harris in the possession of the Boston Society of Natural History ; while Mr. F. Gr. Sanborn of Boston, has generously thrown open his own collection to me, and that belonging to the Mas- sachusetts State Museum, accumulated chiefly through his own exer- tions, and I am indebted to him for continued favors while preparing this paper. Mr. A. R. G-rote, of New York, has not only freely given me nearly every thing of value in his own collection, but has been indefatigable in securing from other collections the loan of many rari- ties. Acknowledgements will be found in their proper places of mate- rial aid from Messrs. W. H. Kdwards of Newburg, N. Y. ; Stephen (Jalverley of New York; J. W. Weidemeyer of New York; C. A. Shurtliff of Brookline, Mass.; Mr. S. H. Scudder of Boston; Mrs. J. Bridgham of New York; Messrs. M. B. Blake of Grilmanton, N. H.; 8. I. Smith of Norway, Me.; L. Trouvelot of Medford, Mass.. who has been especially successful in raising rare Limododes and Noto- doutians and other genera of this group, and in faithfully delineating their forms. I should notice also the aid received from Miss A. M. Edraands of Salem, Mass.; Messrs. W. Saunders of London, Canada West; A. E. Verrill. Cambridge, Mass.; Prof Miles of the State Agri- cultural College, Lansing, Mich.; and Mr. F. W. Putnam of Salem, Mass. The valuable alcoholic collection of this family in all stages of 98 [Junk growth, aad the fine European collection in the Cambridge Museum, have been of essential service in comparing those genera common to both countries. Its collections also contain numerous specimens col- lected mostly about Cambridge by Mr. A. Agassiz, a few collected by J. A. Allen of Springfield and A. P. Cragin. The Californian spe- cies mentioned below were in part collected by Mr. Agassiz, and form but a small portion of the valuable collections of insects which he made in that State. Mr. Edwards also placed in my hands a small collection from San Francisco, which was formed, I believe, by Dr. Behr of that city. Dr. Harris' collection was especially rich in Limacodes and allied genera, and in the Notodontians, and for an opportunity of consulting this collection at a time when it was not generally open to the public, I am indebted to the kindness of the Curator of Entomology, Mr. Scudder. Dr. Harris' MSS. descriptions and drawings of the members of this family have been often of aid in limiting and grouping the genera. Subfamily Lithosiin^ Stephens. HYPOPREPIA Hiibner. Hypoprepia fucosa Hiibner. Hypoprepia fucosa Hubn., Zutr. Dritt. Hand. p. 21, fig. 471, 472. (1825). Lithosia miniata Kirby, Fauna Bor.-Amer. Pt. IV, p. 305. (1837). G-nophria vittata Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 241. (1841). Hypoprepia fucosa Walk., B. M. Cat. Lep. p. 487. (1854). Lithosia miniata Walk.. B. M. Cat. Lep. p. 512. (1854.) Atolmis tricolor Fitch, Third Rt. Ins. N. Y. p. 168. (1856.) Atolmis? miniata Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil, p, 543. (1860). Grnophria vittata Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 256. (1860). Hypoprepia fucosa Hiibn. Morris, Syu. Lep. N. Amer. p. 303. (1860). Maine (Verrill). Mass. (Sanborn, Shurtlefi"). Mich. (Miles). Hypoprepia Packardii Grote. Hypoprepia Packardii Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, ii, p. 30, pi. 2, f. 5. ;1863). LITHOSIA Fabr. Lithosia argillacea n. sp. Slate-color and yellow. Lustrous slate-color. Palpi yellow, with a few slate-colored scales near the tips. Prothoras yellow, continued on to the costa of the primaries on the upper and under side of the wing, nearly to the apex. Costa of secondaries also tinged with yellow. 1804.] 99 Coxae of the three pairs of legs yellow, as is also the tip of the ab- domen. Length of body .32; Exp. wings 1.10 inches. Cutler, Me., July, (A. S. P., Jr.) Andover, Mass. (Garland). CRAMBIDIA nov. gen. Head much as in Lithosia, but the front converges more anteriorly. and the scales are coarser and lon2;er. Antennae setose, otherwise simple, but a little stouter than in Lithosia and the porrect palpi are larger, extending a little farther out beyond the front .Body as in Lithosia. Primaries narrow oblong, one-third as broad as long. Costa convex, apex sub-rectangular, outer edge very straight, one-fourth as long as inner edge. Nervures remarkably equidistant. Costal midway between the marginal and s. c. nervure, 1st. s. c. very short, arising remote from the 2d, and terminating on the costal, which last is very long. 2d terminating on costa, opposite the fork of the 3d, which last encloses a long narrow apical interspace ; 5th, indepen- dent. But two m. neroules, the nervure subdividing much within the middle of the wing. Secondaries broad triangular, reaching beyond the tip of the abdo- men, of much the same form as in Lithosia, but two m. nervules aris- ing in the middle of the wing. Legs stouter than in Lithosia, with much larger spurs. Abdomen with a prominent tuft. Xot only of smaller size than Lithosia, but differing in the straight outer edge and convex costa of primaries, and in the neuration, throughout; since Crambidia has one-half shorter s. c. nervules, and the oth is situated nearly in the middle of the wing ; and I can discover but two m. nervules, while Lithosia has three. Also in Lithosia, the median nervure subdivides on the inner third of the secondaries ; in our genus at the middle of the wing. When at rest the wings are folded flat upon the abdomen, mucli as in Lithosia. Crambidia pallida n. sp. Of a very uniform drab color, without any markings. Head and thorax tinged a little darker, while the nervules are very slightly paler. Secondaries very little paler than the front wings. Length of body .35; Exp. wings .85-.9U inch. % Mass. (Sanborn). 9 Brunswick, Me., August 6th. 100 [June EUSTIXIS Hubner. Eustixis pupula Hubner. Eustixis pupula Hiibn., Zutr. Dritt. Hand. p. 24, fig. 489, 490. (1825). Eustixia pupula Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 522, 528. (1854). Eustixia pupula Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 252, 306. (1860). ? Locality. (Edwards). MIEZA Walk. Mieza igninix Walk. Mieza igninix Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 527. (1854). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 253, 306. (1860). Mieza suhfu-vcns Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II, p. 528. (1854). Morris. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 253. (1860). Eastern Florida, U, S.. Doubleday, (Walker). CLEMENSIA* nov. gen. Head large: frout broad, clypeus triangular, very broad between the antennae. Antennae very slender, simple, with fine setiB beneath ; 9 still more filiform and without setae. Palpi, 3 jointed, free from the head, porrect, the whole of the third joint reaching beyond the front of the head, and only one-fourth shorter than the 2d joint, acutely pointed. Maxillse long and slender, reaching to the second pair of coxae when extended. Thorax just as long as broad, of equal width with the abdomen. The prothorax is badly separated from the meso-thorax. Patagia slight, not reaching beyond the base of the meso-scutellum. Primaries a little more than twice as long as broad. Costa continu- ously convex from base to sub-acute apex ; outer edge very oblique, a little more than half as long as the inner edge, which is especially convex at the basal half. Costal region very broad, 1 — 4th s. c. nervules very short, equal in length and going rapidly to the costal edge ; the 5th subdivides within its middle, and the triangular interspace between the two branches is twice as long as broad. 6th s. c. and 1st m. ner- vules are parallel and of the same length. The three first m. nervules arise very near together, while the 4th is remote as usual, and arises just within the middle of the length of the wing. Secondaries broad triangular, reaching to the base of the anal tuft. * Dedicated to Dr. Brackenridge Clemens, whose entomological studies have placed him among the first of our living lepidopterists. 1864.] 101 apex a little produced ; costa convex throughout from base to apex. internal angle well rounded. S. c. subdivides midway between the apex and discal nervules, enclosing a triangular space. The three upper median nervules are very approximate, their interspaces narrow, linear. Legs long, slender, with 4 sub-equal, very long acute tibial spurs which are a little shorter in the $ . Abdomen stout, broad as the thorax and four times as long. In % a broad obtuse anal tuft, in 9 its cylindrical tip is suddenly truncate, not narrower than the base of the abdomen. In coloration the single species known is white, with black scales and spots resembling the spotted species of Hijphantria. It is closely allied to and yet very distinct from Miltochrista roaea Hiibner of Europe. It nearly equals it in size, but the head is broader between the antennae which are stouter, and the palpi are larger and longer. The costae of the wings are fuller, the outer edges more oblique and consequently the apex more acute than in Miltochrista. The neu- ration is very different from the European genus, since the s. c. ner- vules are shorter, the 3 first median nervules much nearer at their origins and throughout their length, and the 4th m. arises near the middle of the wing, while in Mlltochrhta it arises at the basal third of the wing. In the secondaries the triangular apical interspace is shorter and broader in Clemensia. The legs are longer, slenderer, as are the tibial spurs which are nearly twice the size as those in Miltochrista. Clemensia albata n. sp. White with ashen and brown scales, dark spots and a black lunate discal spot. Front greyish white. Edges of the prothoracic scales pure white. Thorax and abdomen with greyish scales ; anal tuft white. Primaries with six or seven black costal spots. Midway between the base of the wing and the discal spot, is a sinuate abbreviated line proceeding from the 4th costal spot to just below the median nervure. A dot below on the internal nervures. A slight black streak on each side of the 4th m. below the discal spot. Between this median spot and the base of the wing is, in the % , a slightly tawny discoloration. Outer edge of the wing clear white. Marginal row of black dots fine, but very distinct. Fringe clear white. Secondaries white but finely dusted with grey scales, gathered into a diffuse very indistinct extra-mesial line. No discal dot. 102 [June 9 is clearer white, the extra-basal line is much less distinct than in % , consisting of a linear spot, connected with the costal one. Length of body .35 9 -'^0. Exp. wings S .83 inch. Norway, Me. (Mus. Comp. Zool., Smith). Brunswick. Me.. August. EUPHANESSA » nov. gen. The head is much elevated behind the antennse, the epicranium divided on its surface into two bosses. Clypeus much elevated, surface convex. The front narrows rather rapidly anteriorly. Antennae simple scaled above and on the sides, setose beneath. Palpi porrect, passing nearly one-half their length beyond the front. Primaries two-thirds as broad as long; costa rounded towards the apex. Outer margin oblique, almost as long as the inner margin. Internal angle rounded. Costal nervure bent down towards the subcostal, parallel at its termina- tion with the three s. costal nervules. A scalene triangular area below the s. costal; one of the two shorter sides of which consists of the com- mon base of the 4th and 5th s. costal ; the other, by the anastomosis of the 4th s. costal with its main nervure. The 1st median becomes independent, arising from the middle of the discoidal area. Secondaries nearly as large as the primaries, very broad. Outer margin full rounded; internal angle about midway in the wing, the internal edge being short. Scales minute, thin, wings semi-transparent in spots. This genus differs from Nudaria with which it has been confounded by Walker and subsequent writers, in the smooth finely scaled narrower front, while the antennae are not tufted at the base as in the European genus. Besides, the palpi are much longer, and project far beyond the front ; the triangular fore-wings are much broader and they have straighter costae than in Nudaria. In the last named genus also, the inner edge is warlij twice as long as the outer, while in Euphanessa it is considerably shorter than the outer edge. The secondaries in our genus reach much farther beyond the tip of the abdomen. There are moreover constant differences in the neuration of the two genera. Euphanessa mendica. Nudaria mendica Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. ,^76. (1854). Eudule biseriata Herrich-Schseffer, Lep. Exot. p. 19, fig. 441. (1855). * 'Ev, ipayjis, transparent. 1864.] 103 Nvdaria? mendica Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 543. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Ainer. p. 300. (1860). Mass. (Sanboru). Maine ; commoa in low swampy grounds or dry pine woods, July. London, C. W. (Saunders). CISTHENE Walk. Cisthene subjects Walker. asthene subjecta Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 534. (1854). Morris. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 254. (1860). U. S., Doubleduy (Walker). CROCOTA Hubner. Crocota aarantiaca. Eubaphe aurantiaca Hubn., Zutr. Dritt. Hand. p. 9, fig. 411, 412. (1825). Not Eubaphe aurantiaca Harr., Agassiz's Lake Superior, p. 393. (1850). Eubaphe aurantiaca Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 523. (1854). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 253. (1860). Eubaphe lohula of Hiibner (Zutr. fig. 299, 300), is the type of quite a different geuus from Crocota. On the other hand, judging simply from Hiibner's plates, his E. aurantiaca is undoubtedly a true Crocota. The specimen of E. aurantiaca? Harr., which was collected at Lake Superior by Professor Agassiz and is still preserved in the Museum of Comparative Zoijlogy at Cambridge, though somewhat rubbed and un- expanded, I should refer to C. ferruginosa Walker. Crocota rubicundaria Hubner. Crocota rubicundaria Hubn., Zutr. Dritt. Hand. p. 28, fig. 511, 512. (1825), Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 536. (1854). Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 541. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 256. (1860). Georgia (Hubner). Mass. (Walker). Crocota ferruginosa Walker. Crocota f err ugiiw.sa Walker, Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 535. (1854). Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 542. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 255, 308. (1860). " St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay. • Caterpillar with fine brown hairs,' MSS. Dr. Barnston." (Walker). N. York (G-rote). Mass. (Sanborn, Mrs. Bridgham). Maine (Mus. Comp. Zool., Smith, Coll. A. S. P. Jr.). This species varies in its shades of pale ferruginous, some being much lighter than others. One very light specimen is immaculate and 104 [June without the two dusky, obscure broad extra-mesial bands which cross the primaries. The two or three sub-margiaal black patches on the secondaries are often absent, and never connected in my specimens. Two specimens have below the 4th m. on the primaries, two sub- equal paler round spots quite distinct, reminding us of C. quinaria. One r 9 ) of the specimens has no dark bands and spots, the other ( S ) a patch at the internal angle of the secondaries. I should not consider them distinct, however. Another specimen from Mr. Sanborn has a single pale dot margined with dusky just below the origin of the 4th m. and the wing is obscurely, transversely banded, while there is a dark spot at the internal angle of the secondaries, showing a passage into the normal coloration. Mr. Sanborn has also another variety with yellowish secondaries, which possesses the two usual patches of dark near the inner angle. I have compared thirty specimens, from Mass. (Sanborn) and Mus. Comp. Zool. (A. Agrassiz). Norway, Maine, (Smith, M. C Z.) and Brunswick, Maine, whei'e it is common during June and July, flying in day time; when disturbed, in open fields and pine woods in com- pany with Geometridae. Another remarkable variety of this species from Mr. Sanborn is immaculate, but only the body is reddish, while the primaries and thorax above are pale greyish clay color, and the hind wings are smoky clay ; but beneath the costse are orange ferrugi- nous as usual, leaving no doubt that the specimen is a mere variation of G . ferrxKjinom . The primaries of this species are broadest, most triangular, those of G. breoicoriiis Walker, are a little narrower, while those of G. quinaria Grrote, are still longer and narrower, the apex being much more pro- duced while the outer edge is more oblique than in any other species known to me. Crocota brevicornis Walker. Crocota brevicornis Walker, Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 536. (1854). Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Phil. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synop. Lep. N.Am. p. 255, Appendix, .307. (1860). This species has darker primaries, without the dusky bands, with deeper vermillion secondaries, with very distinct discal spots, and a broad submarginal dark leaden band, rarely interrupted. Mass. (Sanborn ; Mus. Comp. Zool. A. Agassiz). Maine (A. S. P. Jr.) 1864.] 105 Crocota quinaria Grote. Crocota quinaria Grote, Proc. Eat. Soc. Phil., Vol. 1. April, 1863. p. 30. PL 2, fig. 2. 9. Grenerally iu my specimens there are but two pale unequal spots on the primaries, and the secondaries may have the submarginal light band interrupted or continuous. Mas.sachusetts (Sanborn). Crocota choriona Reakirt. Crocota choriona Reakirt, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., Vol. 2, p. 371. (1864). This must come very near the preceding species. In comparing the description of Mr. Keakirt with my specimens of quinaria, which usually have but two pale spots, it agrees throughout, except that the dark discal spot is not papillated with white. "Philadelphia" (Reakirt.) Crocota nigricans Reakirt. Crocota nigricans Reakirt, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, p. 371. (1864). Philadelphia (Reakirt). Crocota immaculata Reakirt. Crocota immaculata Reakirt, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 2, p. 372. (1864). Var. C. trimaculosa Reakirt. Philadelphia (Reakirt). Crocota opella Grote. Crocota opella Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. 1. p. 345. PI. 2, fig. 1. (1863). Penn. (Grrote). I have been unable to see (luerin's figure of Crocotn l-xta Boisdu- val. The figure in Griffith's •' Cuvier" leads me to suppose that it is the same species as Walker's hrecicornis. UTETHEISA Hubner. Utetheisa bella Hubner. Tinea bella Linn, Syst. Nat. (1767). Fabricius. Drury, Illustr. ii. p. 191. PI. 24, tig. 1. (1773). Utetheisa bella Hiibn., Verz. p. 168. (1816). Deiopeia bella Westw., Ed. Drury i. p. 46. (1837). Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. (1841). Third edit. p. 342. PL vi. fig. 3. (1862). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 251. Appendix, 313. (1860). White Mts., Md., Western States, Texas (Mus. Comp. Zool. A. 106 [June Agassiz). Charleston, S. C. (Scudder). New York (Grote). Md. (Weidemeyer). The i^ingle specimen noticed from Texas aflFords indications of a dis- tinct species inhabiting that section. After the examination of over fifty specimens of this species, kindly presented me by Mr. Weidemeyer, which were collected in Maryland, I find but slight variation. Some are of richer hues than others; in some the primaries are deeply tinged, while the secondaries are not more pink than usual, or the black border of the hind-wings is remark- ably slight and narrow, and in the others the black border greatly pre- ponderates and sends in broad expansions towards the middle and costa of the wings. In many specimens two minute discal dots are absent on the hind-wings. The fore-wings vary in the relative distances apart of the bands of dots, of the breadth of the white circles around the individual dots, which may be very faint, or stand out conspicuously in the deep orange of the wings. The third band is sometimes inter- I'upted. The accessory short sub-costal branch of the 5th band some- times has the black spots obsolete. On the under side the costal and discal spots of both wings are exposed to considerable variation in their position and disappearance. One % has lemon yellow fore-wings instead of orange, with very minute black dots, often entirely absent. It is in this specimen that the apex of the secondaries are broadly shaded with black, and the discal dot on the hind-wino;s is lar^e and broad. There is no special variation in size, and only that of one line in the expanse of the wings. Deiopeia aurea Fitch, Third Rt. Ins. N. Y. p. 168. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 251. (1860). "Georgia" (Fitch). Subfamily ARCTllDiE Leach. CALLIMORPHA Latreille. Hiibner's term Hypercompa was, as he employed it in 1806, (Samm- lung Exot. Schm. Bd. 1.) not a genus, but a group (Stirps) of genera. The type of Latreille's genus was G. Hera which is congeneric with the species enumerated below. In 1816 Hiibner (Verzeichness bek. Schm.), proposed Haploa for C. dt/nip.ae Brown sp. (Illustrations of Zoology) which must be considered as a synonyme of Callimorpha Latr. 1S64.] 107 Without more specimens, and the works of Esper, Hiibner, Beau- vois and Brown at hand, where Golona^ Glymene and interrupto-marr/i- nata are figured, I can add nothing new concerning the synonyme of the species of this genus which are exposed to such unusual variation. Callimorplia clymene. Hypercompa clymene Esper sp., " Schm. IV. 22, 10, jil. 1S2 ; Noct. 103, fig. 1." Haploa clymene Hiibn., Verz. p. 182. (1816). (1786). ? C. coloiia "Ilubuer, Eur. fig. 135." H.-Soh. Callimorpha Carolina Harr., Rt. las. Mass. p. 243. (1841). Hypercompa clymene Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 650. (1855). Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 536. (1S60). '' Morris Synop. Lep. IST. Am. App. p. 345. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. ArctiadiE, p. 28. (1863). New York (Edwards, G-rote). " Canada, (Bethune)" Saunders. Callimorpha interrupto-marginata. Bomblx interrupto-marginata De Beauvois, "Ins. Afriq. et Amer. p. 265. PI. 24, fig. 5, 6." (1805). Callimorpha anchora Harris, (MS. figs.). Hypercompa comma Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 652. (1855). Hypercompa interrupto-marginata Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 161, 536. (May and Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Ajipeudix, p. 346. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Aretiadse, p. 29. (1863). Connecticut, (Coll. Harris, Boston Soc. N. H.) New York (Grote). St. Catharine, C. W., (Coll. Scudder.) Mass. (Trouvelot). Callimorpha Lecontei Boisd. Callimorplia Lecotitei Boids., Guerin, Icon. Regne An. Griffith's Cuvier An. Kingd. Plate 32, fig. 4. (1831). Callimorpha militaris Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. (Hitchcock's Geol. Rt.) p. 592. (1833). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 243. (1841). Third Edit. fig. 165. (1862). Hypercompa Lecontei Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. II. p. 651. ( ). Callimorpha leucomelas H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. p. 17, fig. 431. (1855). Callimorpha Lecontei H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. p. 72. (1858). Hypercompa Lecontei "var. of militaris", Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 536. (Nov. 1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse, p. 28. (1860). St. Louis, (Mus. Comp. Zool. -A. Agassiz). New York (Edwards). Mass., (Sanborn, ShurtlefF.) Callimorpha confinis. Hypercompa corvfinis Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 651. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil, p 43. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Apj^end., p. 345. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadte, p. 28. (1863). lOS [June Callimorpha contigua. Hi/percompa contigua Walk., Cat Lep. B. M. III. -p- 652. (1855). Clem., Proe. Acad. iS"at. Se. p. 536. (Nov. 1800). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appen., p. .346. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Aretiadse, p. 26. (1863). Callimorplia fulvicosta. Hypercompafiilvicosta Clem., Proe. Acad. Nat. So. Phil. p. 536. (Nov. 1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiada3, p. 27. (1863). Callimorpha vestalis n. sp. S & 9 . Pure iiuuiaculate milk-white, 9 white. Tips of the palpi brown. Head and prothorax, basal half of the patagia and costa of both wings above and beneath yellow. The legs are also yellow be- neath. The abdomen is white and unspotted. Antennas brown. Body % .65, 9 .65. Exp. wings % 1.70, 9 1.70 inch. Middle Atlantic States. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil., through A. R. arote.) This species of which I had a % and 9 each differs remarkably from the other species in being of a nearly pure white, and of smaller size. The broader triangular primaries, the fine scales on the body, and the short angular hind wings will distinguish it readily from the white variety of Euchsetes egle. EPICALLIA llubner. This genus differs from the closely allied PcricalUa and Eiqyrepla in the hardly oblique outer margin of the fore wings, and the straight costa. Epicallia virginalis. Chelonia virginalis Boisd., Lep Cal. (Ann. Ent. Soo. France), p. -19. (1852). Arctia virginalis Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. IIL p. 611. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 337. (1860). The angular outer edge of the hind wings of the European Epicallia villica give the wing a triangular form, which becomes subovate in the Californian E. virginalis. Now the European species villica imitates in this respect the European genera Pericallia and Euprcpia. Thus the Californian species, which is moreover finely scaled, agrees best with Callimorpha^ which is a truly American genus; for we would con- sider the single European species C. Hera as the most aberrant form in the genus, since it simulates in its colors other strictly European genera. On the other hand, we would consider that in the genus under 1864.] 109 consideration the European vtllica is the more aberrant form, since it is evidently influenced by the hairy genera with which it is associated. E. virginalis also diff"ers structurally from the European species in hav- ing the antennae nearly simple ; the median nervules longer ; while the third median is nearer the second than in villica. These facts show the importance of studying all the species of a genus which ranges over two continents, in order to properly appreciate the characters of the genus itself, and to see how those characters are apparently swayed and influenced on the one hand by the proximity of other genera in one and the same province ; and on the other, by the strong influence of a corresponding geographical province . Thus in illustration : — the American genera of this sub-family are more generally white and finely scaled, i. e. Callimorplia, Leucarctia^ Seirarctia, Halesidota^ Ecpantheria and allies, and Eiichsetes, while in Europe they are more prevalent red and brown, and wooly genera, such as Oneogyna and the numerous species of Arctia. However, this state of things is reversed in the genus Callarctia ( Chelojiia Grodt.) Here the Californian species is pilose and the abdo- men is slender, while the European species are finely scaled and have obtuse abdomens. A single specimen from San Francisco, Cal., now in the Mus. Comp. Zoijl. was collected by A. Agassiz. Herrich-Schaeff"er figures (Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. p. 72, fig. 464) Ple- refes gutfafa in illustration of Boisduval's Agarista guttata (Lep. Cal. p. 48, 1852). The last named author gives us too meagre a descrip- tion of the species for us to know whether it is a Zygoenid or not. H.-Scha3fi"er's figure represents a species so closely allied to E. virgina- lis as to lead us to suspect that it is but a variety of that species. It seems to difiier in having dark secondaries, with a single light dot, but otherwise answers to Boisduval's description of E. virginalis. PLATARCTIA*- nov. gen. Head prominent; front square broad, moderately pilose, hairs on the front margin converging to a point. Palpi long, pointed, porrect, ex- tending one-half their length beyond the front. Antennas moderately pectinated, in 9 subsimple, serrated, the teeth terminating in setse. '^lAarvs broad, Arctia. 110 [June Thorax stout, pilose. Prothorax gaily colored. Patagia nut very dis- tinct. Primaries broader than usual, triangular; breadth more than one-half as great as their length. Costa convex throughout, especially towards the apex, which is subrectangular, hardly obtuse : outer mar- gin oblique, nearly straight; inner angle distinct. The nervules are wider apart, and the median nervules are bent downwards towards the internal angle more than usual. Secondaries broad triangular, reaching beyond the abdomen in both sexes farther than usual. Costa long, hardly convex ; apex a little pro- duced, rounded ; outer margins hardly convex, parallel with the costa. Legs moderately stout. Abdomen rather slender, in % tapering gradually to a slight anal tuft. Though the Californian P. modesfa is so much smaller than the two other species that we would suspect naturally they were generi- cally distinct, there is nothing of sufficient importance to separate the three species which approach closely the genus Epicallia. In none of the species ai"e the primaries crossed by gaily colored bands, but there is generally present a bright costal patch, while the hind wings are crossed beyond the middle, by a yellowish band. Platarctia parthenos. Arctia parthenos Harr., in Agassiz, Lake Superior, j). 390, vii. fig. 4. (1850). Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 608. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 529. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lap. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 337. (1860.) Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse, p. 4. (1863). Soft brown and orange yellow. Head rubicund between the antennae. Base of the pronotal pieces yellowish white. Primaries with four yel- lowish white costal spots, 3rd largest and followed below by the discal dot, and another larger spot on the inner margin ; 4th costal spot suc- ceeded by two spots, the lower on the internal angle. A long fascia nearly parallel to, and lying just under the base of the m. nervure. Secondaries; blackish with a median band of approximate large orange spots of which the costal one is double. Within this last spot, the costa is orange, widening at the base. Thorax reddish beneath ; femora beneath rubicund, near the tips ringed with vermillion, while the legs generally are black. Base of the abdomen reddish, below and on the sides rubicund. Beneath paler; costa and nervules red; most 18G4.] Ill of the markings appear through. lu the middle of the wing are two obscure yellow spots, the upper one in the 3rd m. interspace. Two smaller ones near the internal margin. Costa of the secondaries broadly tinged with red. Length S 04. Exp. wings, 2.50 inches. % . Lake Superior (Harr. Coll.). River Rouge, C. W., (Saunders). A 9 specimen taken near the summit of Mt. Washington by Mr. Scudder, differs thus : there is one more costal spot; the intra-discal spot is wanting, the costo-apical spot is much larger; there is simply a dark discoloration instead of the spot under the origin of the 4th m. The two small dots in the middle of the median band on the S secondaries are wanting in Mr. Scudder's 9 . Beneath, the costo-apical spot is present, the one below single. The extra-discal dot is geminate. The middle of the wing and internal angle are orange yellow, and the costal region of the secondaries is broadly tinged with orange. Length 1 inch. Exp. wings 2.90 inches. These differences are, without doubt, sexual, for the sexes of the European broad wings Arctians differ greatly. Platarctia borealis. Arctia borealis Moschler, Beitriige zur Lepidopteren-Fauna von Labrador (Wien. Ent. Monatsl. Bd. 4. Taf. 9, f. 3. Nov. 1860). 9 . Head : vertex above and between the antennae deep vermillion ; front below brown, as in P. parthenos. Palpi reddish, outer half brown. Base of prothorax deep yellow, continuous with a broad yellow stripe at the lower edge of the patagia, forming a continuous band on each side of the thorax above the insertion of the wings which meets in front : while in P. parthenos these two lateral bands do not meet in the mesial line. Meta-thoracic hairs pale vermillion. Primaries brown with large straw-yellow spots. A basal longitudinal spot just below the origin of the median nervure which is swollen at its outer end. A costal rather large square spot on the inner fourth of the costa, and opposite the end of the long baso-median spot. Be- yond are three large costal spots forming the termini of the three oblique bands of mostly large yellow angulated spots ; the inner con- sisting of three spots, the costal being long and narrow, and the lower one the smallest and opposite the baso-median spot. The second line of spots is interrupted on the origin of the upper three median ner- 112 [June vules. The lowest spot is largest and triangular, the succeeding one in the 3rd m. space is sublunate and oblique. The three costal and subcostal ones are united ; the outer and submarginal row is dislocated on the lower subcostal ; the lower portion consisting mostly of lunate spots, the upper one rounded, while the costal spot in the upper por- tion which is set back from the apex, is connected with the second small spot, forming a produced triangle. Secondaries orange-yellow. Two transverse broad bands, the inner very irregular, crossing the wing a little beyond the inner third, ex- panding very much outwards towards the long diseal spot which is bent inwards somewhat. Below it dilates inwards and continues along just beneath the median nervure. It also runs along the internal mar- gin of the wing to the base, thus leaving but two long yellow stripes, one above, the other below the m. nervure. The outer submarginal band is regular, except that it is dilated outwards a little in the diseal space, and expands upon the costa. Beneath, both wings are yellow, while the costa3 and nervules of both are vermillion. Base of the primaries with a blackish diseal discolora- tion. In the sub-m. space are three blackish spots ; the middle one rounded lunate, and twice as large as the inner, while the outer one is geminate. In the middle of the diseal space is a transverse spot aligned with the lunate spot below. The yellow spots are faintly re- produced beneath, surrounded by a brown tinge. On the under side of the secondaries the diseal spot is nearly obsolete ; the inner band does not reach the costa, and the outer band only reaches half across the wing. Legs : femora vermillion ] tibia? black above ; basal and terminal joint black. Abdomen black above. Sides, the two terminal segments and under side pale rubicund. Compared with Moschler's figure of the % , the spots on the prima- ries in our 9 specimen are larger and heavier, and the outer band on the secondaries is broader and more regular, while the black portion extends nearly to the tip of the abdomen, being much farther than in the % , where also the middle diseal spot on the primaries is wanting. Length, 9 , 1 inch. Exp. wings, 2.35 inches. Quebec (Auth. Edwards). This species is a little smaller than /-•. parthenos ; the apex of the 1864.] 113 primaries is more rounded, and the whole wing is hardly so broad, and the spots are larger, more numerous, and of a much deeper yellow. In the hind wings the internal angle is more rounded, and the outer edge is more convex ; the two black band.s narrower, and the discal reni- form dot is farther removed from the inner band than in P. pai'thetios. Platarctia Scudderi n. sp. % . Brownish black. Sides of the prothorax orange. Two whitish bands on the fore wing; one lying just under the base of the median nervure, as long as the thorax ; the other transverse running from just above the internal angle to the outer third of the costa. The middle of the patagia is whitish, and there are two curved narrow lines on each side of the meso-scutum. The tips of the palpi, and the ends of the femora above, and the tibise and tarsi are very pale yellowish white, concolorous with the bands on the thorax and primaries. Secondaries entirely brownish black and concolorous with the fore wings. Length of body, .45 ; length of primaries, .65 inch. This species is intermediate in size between P. horealis and modesta, and is easily distinguished by its simple markings, chiefly consisting of a basal longitudinal and transverse sub-apical band. Collected by Mr. S. H. Scudder on the Saskatchewan River, Brit. America. Platarctia modesta n. sp. % . Brown, head and thorax darker. Patagia with a pinkish white stripe, preceeded by two dots on the prothorax and at the base of the antennre, with a few concolorous scales on the vertex. Primaries with a light costal spot, connected with the discal dot. A concolorous spot on the internal angle. A large spot at the base of the m. nervure. Secondaries mostly darker, with a broad light pinkish mesial band. Outer margin interrupted by eight spots. Beneath, the primaries are pinkish-yellow at their base, with a dark median band ; beyond paler, while the outer margin is dark. Base of the .secondaries pale, other- wise as above. Legs dark. Length, % .45. Exp. wings, 1.20 inches. California. (Mus. Comp. Zobl. A. Agassiz.) 114 [JUXE EUPREPIA Germar. Euprepia americana. Arctia americana Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 246. (1S41). Harr. in Agassiz. Lake Superior, p. .391. PI. vii. fig. .j. (1850). Walk.. Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 607. (1S55). Clem., Proc. Acad. Xat Sei. Pliila. p. 529. (Nov. ISGii). Morris, Synopsis Lep. IST. Amer. Appemlix. p. :VM\. (1860). Saunders, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. ii. p. 28. Larva. (186;;). Synopsis Can. Lep. p. 3. (lS6;i). Mass., (Harr. Coll.) When compared with the very closely allied E. caja, our species is found to have a much stouter body, and shorter wings. The antennfe of our species are provided with short but distinct pectinations ; in E^ caja they are hardly pectinated at all. In our species likewise the hind wings are yellow, while in the European representative they are plainly orange. CALLARCTIA.s Front vertically oblong, moderately broad, hairs closely cut. Anten- l\•^e: subsimple, serrated, not pectinated being obsolete ; 9 simple, filiform. Palpi long, slender, porrect, outer third of second joint surpassing the front, third, joint slender acute. Thorax thick and densely pilose. Prothoracic pieces and patagia very distinct. Primaries half as long as broad : costa nearly straight ; apex obtusely rectangular; internal angle slowly rounded. Secondaries reach to outer fourth of the abdomen : costa straia-ht. apex very obtuse, sub-rectangular ; the outer margin is full and some- what rounded, bent slightly on the 2nd median and on the sub-median fold. Legs slender. Abdomen large and heavy, densely pilose. This genus was first established by Grodart. under the name of Che- Ionia, which was previously used for Mammalia in ISOO. As it now stands I would restrict it to the two European species Okelonin fasciafa and pudica^ and to the new Californian species. It is subject to con- siderable variation in the palpi which are very slender in C. fasciata, but stouter and more pilose in C. piulica. and C. ornafa. The secondaries in 0. fasciafa are shorter and rounder thm in the other species; and both European species have the abdomen thicker and more obtuse and more finely scaled than in the Californian ornafa. *AcaXXoj beautiful, Arctia. 1864.] 115 They all agree in being colored straw yellow, or very pale vermilion, and being thickly covered with triangular black spots, which are con- nected in C. fasciata. Secondaries with one or two transverse rows of three or four large black spots. The genus is distinguished from Eucharia Hiibner, its nearest ally, by its nearly simple anteuna3 and more slender thorax : and from Eujn-epia by its much smaller and narrower wings, the outer margin of which are less oblique in Callarctia. Callarctia ornata n. sp. S . Very pale salmon ; sides of the front, central dot of the protho- racic scales, patagia and middle of the mesonotum black. Primaries with two long broad black streaks ; the one between the costal and median nervures; the other divided by the internal nervure. Two transverse spots beyond. Between this last and the submarginal row of three spots is a long narrow triangular spot reaching from the costa to the 4th m. nervule. The costal spot of the submai'ginal line is ob- long, the two lower ones triangular. A triangular apical and median spot, the latter twice divided by the m. nervules. Secondaries deep salmon color, with two rows of marginal round black spots; an apical and median sub-linear spot. Beneath, both wings are uniformly yellowish salmon, otherwise much as on the upper side. Abdomen with dorsal, ventral and sub-ventral rows of partially united black spots. Length, .75. Exp. wings, 1.85 inch. San Mateo, Cal. (Mus. Oomp. Zool. K. Agassiz.) ARCTIA Schk. Arctia virgo Hair. Bombijx virgo Linn., Syst. Nat. 10th ed. Vol. I, p. 501. (1758). Phakena virgo Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 123. Tab. 62. (1797). Euplagia virgo Hiibn., Samml. Exot. Schm. ii. PI. 189. (1806). Verz. p. 180. (1816). Arctia virgo Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Duncan, Nat. Libr. Moths and Sphinges, xxxvi. PI. 19. (1836). Han-., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 244. (1841). Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 60S. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. p. 528. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 338. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadte, p. 6. (1863). 116 [June N. Y. (Weidemeyer, G-rote). Mass. (Coll. Harris). (Mrs. Bridg- ham). (Mus. Comp. Zool). Arctia parthenice Harris. Callimorpha parthenice Kirby, Fauna Bor-Amer. iv. p. 204. (1837). Morris, Synop. Lep. N. Amer. Appen. p. 339. (1860). Saunders, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. ii. p. 28. (1863). Synopsis Can. Arctiadte, p. 5. (1863). Mr. Saunders has shown, by the larval characters that this species is quite distinct from A. virgo. In Maine it is our most common species, appearing late in INIay and August. Arctia phalerata Harris. Arctia Nais Hiibu., Verz. p. 183. (1816). Zutr. Dritt. Hand. p. 40, fig. 599, 66o. (1825). Arctia phalerata Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Et. Ins. Mass. p. 245. (1841). '•• " Third edit. fig. 168. (1862). Saunders, Synop. Can. ArctidiB, p. 11. (1863). Mass. (Harr. Coll.), (F. W. Putnam.) (:Mus. Comp. Zocil. A. Agassiz.) Arctia Anna Grote. Arciia Anna Grote, Proc. Phil. Ent. Soc. ii. p. 335. PI. 8, fig. 1. (Dec. 1863). Philadelphia, Lewis, (Grrote.) I am indebted to Mr. Grrote for an opportunity of seeing his type of this fine species. Arctia celia Saunders. Arctia celia Saund., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, ii, p. 59. (May, 1863). Synopsis Can, Arctiadse, p. 13. (1863). I am indebted to Mr. Saunders for an opportunity of seeing his types of this species, A. decorata Saund., and A. parthenice, and also a larva of E. americana. This species I have taken at light in Maine, in August. Mass. (Sanborn). Arctia Phylira Harris. Bombyx Phyllira Drury, Illustr. i. p. 15. Pi. vii. fig. 2. (1770). Phalczna Phyllira Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 127. Tab. 64. (1797). Euplagia Phylira Hubn., Verz. ji. 180. (1816). Zutr. Zeveite Hand. p. 9, fig. 215, 216. (1823). Arctia Phyllira Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Callimorpha Phyllira Westw., Edit. Drury. (1837). Arctia Phylira Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 245. (1841). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 528. (Nov. 1860). 1864.] n: Arctia Phylira Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. \mer. Appendix, p. 339. (1860). Saunders. Synoysis Can. Arctiadse. p. 11. (1863). Mass. (Harr. Coll.) N." Y." (Edwards). Arctia figurata Harris. Bombi/x figiu-ata Drury, Illnstr. ii. p. 22. PL xii. fig. 4. (1773). Arctia figurata Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Nemeophila figurata Westvv., Edit. Drury. (1837). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 341. (1860). Peun. (Coll. Phil. Ent. Soc). New York (Edwards). Arctia Nais Walker. Bomhyx Nais Drury, Illustr. i. p. 15. PI. vii. fig. 3. (1770). Not Arctia Nais Htibn., Zutr. fig. 599, 600. (1825). Spilosoma Nais Westw.. Edit. Drury. (1837). Arctia Nais Walli., Cat. Lep. B. M. IIL p. 609. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 528. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, 339. (1860). Arctia decorata Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse, p. 12. (1863). Arctia virguncula Walker. Callimorpha virguncula Kirby, Fauna Bor. Amer. iv. p. 304. PL 4, fig. 6. ( 1837). Arctia virguncula Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. 609. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 528. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synoiisis Lejj. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 338. (1860). Arctia Nais Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse, p. 8. (1863). Not Arctia virguncula Saund., Synopsis, p. 9. (1863). This species, specimens of which I have received from Mr. Saun- ders, labelled "^. «ais," is not infrequent in Maine. It has been taken in Mass. by Mr. Sanborn. The species of this genus are diffi- cult to describe, and difficult to recognize from description without good figures, such is their great variability. The rarity of the illus- trated works in which they are first described and figured has led ob- servers into occasional inadvertencies. Thus under the name of " nais\ Hiibner figures what is unmistakeably A. phalerata Harris. Arctia Quenselii Geyer, Forts. Hubn. Zutr. Ftinft. Hund. p. 14, fig. 847, 848. (1837). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 527. (Nov. 1860). "Labrador" (Geyer). Arctia gelida Moeschler. Ent. Zeit. Stettin, ix. 17, 3, 174. (1849). Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. IIL p. 61L (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 528. (Nov. 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 341. (1860). •' Labrador" (Moeschl.). 118 [June Arctia hyperborea Walker. Ei/prepia hyperborea Curtis. App. Ross' Xar. 2d Voy. Ixxi. 17. (1831). Arctia hyperborea Walk.. Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. (511. (1855). Clem.. Proc. Aoad. Nat. Soi. Phil. p. 520. (Nov. 1860). Morris. Synopsis Lep. X. Anier. III. p. 840. (1S(>0). ■^Arctic America" (Ross). Arctia dahurica Boisd. sji. Chehjiiia dahurica Boisd., Lep. Cal. (Extr. Ann. Ent. Soe. France.) p. I'.l. (1852). Arctia dahurica Walk.. Cat. Lep. B. M. III. ]). 597. (1855). Clem.. Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phil. p. 527. (Mov. 18()0). Morris. Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. Apjiendix, p. 341. (ISfiO). '•('aliforuia" (Boisd.). Arctia Arge Harris. Bombyx Argc Drury. lUustr. Nat. Hist. i. p. 35. PL 18. lig. 2. (1770). Phakcna Dione Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 125. Tab. (53. (1797). Spilosoma Argc Westw., Edit. Drury. (1837). Arctia Arge Harr.. Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 244. (1841). Arctia Dione Walk., Cat. Lep. B. M. III. p. (505. (1855). Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 528. (Nov. 18G0). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Appendix, p. 310. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse, p. 7. (18(53). N. Y. (Grote. Edwards). Mass. (Sluirtleff. Sauborii. 3Irs. Bridg-- ham. M. C. Z., A. Agassiz). lu 31ass. this species is not uufrequeut. and it becomes more abun- dant as we go southward. Arctia Placentia Walker. Phaloena Placentia Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 129. Tab. (55. (1797). Heraclia Placentia Hiibn., Verz. 23- 150. (181(5). Arctia Placentia Walk., Cat. Lejj. B. M. III. p. 610. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. Aj^i^endix, p. 337. (1860). Saunders, Synopsis Can. Arctiadse. p. 5. (1863). This species, so far as we know, has not been found outside of Georgia. Arctia pallida n. sp. 9 Uniform pure white, with brownish-blaciv streaks in most of the interspaces. Palpi dark at the tips. Nervules white. Costa clear white, except a small short longitudinal linear streak on the basal fifth. Discal area brown, divided by a white streak running inwards. In the apical area is a broad brown spot, and a little farther out, just below the costa is a small linear oval dark spot. Beyond the discal space are three linear streaks, the lower one forked. In the ord median space is 1S(54.] 119 a large brown area ; in the space below the long streak is separated at the outer third, corresponding to the streak lying along the internal ner- vure, which has a detached dark spot without, just above the internal angle. None of these streaks approach very near the outer margin. A marginal row of dark spots, some of them nearly obsolete. Secondaries with a geminate large dark dot near the middle of the outer margin. Legs: fore tibiae yellowish, tarsi dark above. Two poste- rior pairs of legs sparsely dotted with brown. Abdomen white with a me- dian and subdorsal row of spots, and two subventral rows. Tip obtuse. This species will be easily recognized as being pure white with dark brown streaks on the fore-wings which terminate at a distance from the edge of the wing. In structure it is by its form and narrow wings, with very oblique outer edges, like A. arge.^ and forms a passage from Arctia to Sicrarctia. Length .30. Exp. wings 1.50 inches. New York ((Jalverley). I am indebted to Mr. Calverley for the loan of this fine, and apparently, very rare species. SEIEARCTIA * nov. gen. Owing to the fine powdery scales that cover the body, the head seems miich freer from the thorax than in Arctia. The front is broader throughout, more convex, where in Arctia it narrows towards the front edge, and becomes flattened. Palpi porrect large and long, tips obtuse, surpassing the front by the entire length of the third joint. Li Arctia the palpi do not reach beyond the front. Thorax moderately stout, finely scaled. Primaries long and narrow, the breadth being contained two and one-half times in the length. Costa straight on the basal half, from thence more convex throughout than in A. ar!64.] 131 Descriptions of North American HYMENOPTERA. in the Collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia. BY E. T. CRESSON. Fam. EVANIID.E. Genus F(ENUS, Fabr. 1. F. occidentalis, n. sp. Black, tliorax rugose, third and fourth segments of the abdomen ferruginous, ovipositor long, valves ti2->f)ed with white. Ff'inalii. — Head black, somewhat shining; face and cheeks slightly silvery-sericeous ; antennae black, tinged with piceous beneath. Thorax black, opaque, rather roughly and confluently punctured, mesothorax transversely rugose, especially on the sides ; metathorax scabrous. Wings hyaline, nervures and stigma black. Legs black, the anterior pair and the intermediate tibiae at base tinged with piceous ; the ante- rior tibi?e at base whitish, the posterior tibiae and their tarsi within near their base with a pale spot. Abdomen long and slender, black ; the second, third and fourth segments ferruginous ; ovipositor longer than the body, ferruginous, valves black, tipped with white. Length 7 lines ; * expanse of wings 8 lines. Varictij 9 • — Has the base of the intermediate tibite white and the basal joint of the posterior tarsi with a broad white annulus ; the sides of the fifth segment of the abdomen are tinged with ferruginous. ILth. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Two specimens. From the Committee on Collecting Fund, (as well as all other species described in this paper from this locality). Seems to be closely allied to F. jaculator Linn., of Europe, which I have not seen. The mandibles have each a very strong, acute, basal, rufous tooth within, as has been observed in Jaculator and several other species. 2. F. perplexus, n. sp. Bhicli : thorax punctured, not rugose ; second, third and fourth segments of abdomen ferruginous : ovipositor long, valves tipped with white. FcmalK. — Ulack. Head somewhat shining : antennae slightly pice- ous beneath towards the tip. Thorax opaque ; mesothorax sprinkled ■•■In giving tin- length of the species described in these papers, the oviposi- tor is not included. 132 [June rather sparsely with distinct punctures, which are confluent in front of the scutelluni ; metathorax roughly punctured. Wings hyaline, ner- vures black. Legs black, all the tibiae at base with an obscure whitish spot, indistinct on the posterior pair. Abdomen long and slender, black, the second, third and fourth segments ferruginous, the fourth partly blackish ; ovipositor longer than the body, ferruginous, valves black, their tips white. Length 5 — lines ; expanse of wings 6 — 7 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Four 9 specimens. Closely resembles the preceding species, but is smaller, the thorax above has the punctures distinct and somewhat sparse, while occiden- talia has the punctures rough and confluent, and the sides of the meso- thorax transversely rugose ; otherwise the two species agree. 3. F. montanus, n. sp. Black, half of the second, the third ami part of the fourth segment of the abdomen rufous ; ovijjositor very short. Female. — Black ; tip of the antennae beneath testaceous ; thorax without punctures, minutely shagreened ; metathorax roughly punc- tured. Wings slightly tinged with fuliginous ; nervui*es and stigma black. Ijcgs black ; anterior femora at base, apex of all their tibiae within and all the tarsi more or less tinged with pale rufous ; posterior femora beneath with a rufous stripe near the tip. Abdomen black, the apical half of the second, the whole of the third and a part of the fourth segments rufous; ovipositor very short, about 2 lines in length, pale rufous, valves black. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 6 lines. H(ih. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Distinct from all other species known to me, by its shorter and much more robust form ; the abdomen is not so much compressed and the segments are shorter in proportion to the length of the abdomen, than in the other species. 4. F. tarsatorius, Say. Fcenus tarsatorius Say, Long's Second Expedition, ii, p. 321. This species seems to be closely allied to i^. Barnstonii Westw., from Hudson's Bay, and having before me ten 9 specimens of Say's species, it would perhaps be useful to give here a more detailed description of it. which may serve to draw more closely the dividing line between the two species. I have not seen any males of this species. 1864.] 133 Female. — Black, subopaque ; face, cheeks and the thorax have a more or less distinct silvery-sericeous appearance in certain lights; man- dibles, except base and apex, yellowish-ferruginous ; antenna? blackish- piceous above and rufo-piceous beneath, sometimes the basal joint be- neath is rufous, and the joints towards the tip are also sometimes ru- fous ; neck long ; thorax roughly and confluently punctured, somewhat transversely rugose above ; tegulae and tubercles mostly pale rufous, sometimes piceous ; wings hyaline and beautifully iridescent ; the two anterior pairs of legs are pale rufous, base and tips of their tibiae, and the base of their tarsi whitish, their femora sometimes obfuscated ; the anterior and intermediate coxae are piceous, the anterior pair sometimes rufous, posterior pair always black and rugose; posterior legs black, their trochanters rufous, their tibiae and tarsi near the base white, the latter sometimes reduced to a dot or subobsolete ; abdomen long and slender, tip of the second and third segments on each side broadly rufous, sometimes the tip of the fourth segment is obscurely so ; in two specimens the rufous coloring is indistinct on the second and third seg- ments ; ovipositor about as long as the body, fulvous, valves black, tip- ped with white. Hah. — Massachusetts. Mr. James Ridings. 5. F. incertus, n. sp. Black : second, third and fourth segments of tbe abdomen each with a fer- ruginous spot on each side at base: ovipositor very short. Femah'. — Black ; antennae slightly tinged with piceous beneath to- wards the tip. Thorax dull black, without distinct punctures, minutely shagreeued ; metathorax roughly punctured. Wings obscure hyaline, nervures and stigma black. Legs black, the two anterior pairs with the base of their tibiae reddish. Abdomen black, apex much broader than usual ; sides of the second, third and fourth segments at tip, fer- ruginous; ovipositor very short, about one line in length, ferruginous, valves black. Length 4^ lines; expanse of wings 5 lines. Afa/e. — Resembles the female, but the abdomen is more slender, all the tarsi, the two anterior pairs of femora and the posterior femora at base, more or less pale ferruginous. Hub. — Rocky ?.Iountains, Colorado Territory. This appears to agree very well with the description of F. assecfdtor Linn., of Europe, with the exception of the coloring of the legs. 134 [June Genus AULACUS. Jurine. 1. A. rufitarsis. n. sp. Black ; abdomen and tarsi rufous. Female. — Head black; cheeks, vertex, occiput and mandibles pol- ished ; face subopaque, slightly pubescent; antennae longer than the head and thorax, black. Thorax black, gibbous, deeply and trans- versely wrinkled above, the furrows apparently impunctured ; scutelluni more finely wrinkled and having two short longitudinal impressions, close together, on the disk ; metathorax rugose. Wings hyaline costa fuliginous, nervures and stigma black, the second transverse nervure almost entirely obliterated. Legs black ; femora polished ; coxae ru- gose ; posterior tibiEe flattened and having a few large confluent punc- tures exteriorly ; tarsi rufous, their claws black, sometimes the anterior tarsi are blackish, and in one specimen the two anterior pairs of legs are rufo-pieeous. Abdomen bright rufous, polished, impunctured. ex- treme base black ; ovipositor rather longer than the body, yellmvish, valves black. Jjength 5 lines ; expanse of wings 8 lines. Huh. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 2. A. stigmaterus, n. sp. Black ; the first and second abdominal segments rufous ; legs in most part pale fulvous. Female. — Head black, cheeks, vertex, occiput and mandibles pol- ished, the face slightly pubescent ; the anterior margin of the clypeus and a large spot on the mandibles, pale testaceous ; antennae longer than head and thorax, black, reddish at tip. Thorax black, gibbous, rather deeply and transversely wrinkled above, the furrows apparently impunctured ; pleura not so coarsely rugose ; metathorax coarsely ru- gose. Wings hyaline, nervures and stigma fuscous; the extreme apex and a subtriangular mark extending from the stigma to the radial ner- vure at the junction between the marginal and the first submarginal cells, fuscous ; posterior half of the second transverse nervure obliter- ated. Legs pale fulvous, the tarsi paler, all the coxae and trochanters and the posterior femora except extreme base and apex black, the pos- terior tibiae slightly obfuscated. Abdomen black, polished, impunc- tured; the peduncle and the third and following segments black, the first and second segments being bright rufous ; ovipositor rather longer than the body, fulvous, valves black. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 8 lines. 18G4.] 135 Hah. — New Jersey. E. T. Cresson. Seems to be closely allied to A. Abbottii Westw., but is much smaller and somewhat differently colored. Fam. ICHNEUMONID.E. Gen. ICHNEUMON, Linn. BLACK SPECIES. Section 1. — Scutelluni and abdomen black Sp. 1 — 13 " 2. — Seutellum white, abdomen black Sjj. 14—22 " .3, a. Seutellum pale, or with pale markings ; abdomen black, terminal segment more or less white ' Sp. 23 — 24 •' b. Seutellum ditto ; abdomen black, tip of first segment more or less white Sp. 25 — 27 " c. Seutellum ditto : abdomen black, apex fulvous Sp. — 28 YELLOW, RED AND BLACK SPECIES. " 4. — Seutellum ditto; abdomen tricolored — black, red & white or yellow Sp. 29—31 YELLOW AND BLACK SPECIES. " 5. — Seutellum pale ; abdomen black, with the apex and in general the middle also, banded or sj^otted with yellow or white Sp. 32—34 *' 6. — Seutellum pale : abdomen black, banded with yellow, the apex always black Sp. 35- — 38 RED AND BLACK SPECIES. " 7. a. Seutellum pale: thorax black; abdomen red or red and black Sp. 39— 4ti b. Seutellum yellow, yellowish-red, or red ; thorax more or less red; abdomen red or red and black Sp. 47 — 63 " 8. — Seutellum black, abdomen red or red and black Sp. 64 — 73 " 9. — Seutellum yellow : abdomen red or red and black, apex white Sp. 74 — 7.i Section!. ]. Ich. Maurus. u. sp. Black; antennae with a broad white annulus ; wings dark fuscous; central area of naetathorax rotundate, moderate. Femdlc. — Black, opaque; head with very narrow pale orbits above the antennae ; clypeus polished, with a rounded impression on each side ; antennae about half the length of the body, black, the 9th to 17th joints white above, spotted beneath with black, apical half involute, flattened toward the tip and brownish-sericeous beneath. Thorax closely punctured; seutellum flat, polished, with a few scattered punctures; 136 [June metathorax scabrous, opaque, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area moderate, rotundate. Wings dark fuscous, with a rather strong violaceous reflection ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5- angular or subtriangular. Legs black, anterior tibiae pale in front. Abdomen elongate-subovate, opaque black, slightly tinged with blue, densely and minutely punctured 5 the first segment broad, bilineated ; basal foveae of the second segment deep and transverse ; apical seg- ments more smooth and somewhat shining • ovipositor not exserted. Length 9 lines ; expanse of wings 16 lines. i^,/,._Virginia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 2. Ich. Orpheus, n. sp. Black ; antennae with a broad white anuulus; wiugs fuscous, clearer at base : central area of metathorax large, quadrate, transverse. Fnnah. — Black ; the head with the frontal orbits above the anten- nae, interrupted at the summit of the eyes, white ; antennae more than half the length of the body, black, with the 10th to 18th joints pure white above, apex slightly involute. Thorax closely punctured, some- what shining ; mesothorax in front with an impressed line on each side; a short line beneath the wings and sometimes one in front, white; scutellum slightly convex, deeply impressed in front; metathorax closely and confluently punctured, the elevated lines not well defined, the cen- tral area large, quadrate, somewhat transverse, rather smooth and shin- ing. Wings fuscous, clearer at base, slightly violaceous ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular, slightly oblique. Legs black, tips of the anterior femora and their tibia3 on the inner side, whitish. Abdomen blue-black, sub- opaque, densely and finely punctured, basal segment broad, finely acicu- late and bilineated ; basal foveae of the second segment deep and trans- verse ; apical segments almost smooth, shining; ovipositor not exserted. Length 9 lines; expanse of wings 15 j lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. Closely resembles Icli. Maxims^ but differs by the head being broader, the metathorax much smoother and shining, the quadrate central area, the clearer wings, and the stronger punctation of the abdomen, the apex of which is smooth and shining. 1864.] 137 o. Ich. Viola, n. sp. Black; antennae with abroad white annuluj ; wings deep violaceous; cen- tral area of a metathorax somewhat conical, small. Female. — Black, shining, closely punctured; head with narrow whit- ish orbits; clypeus polished, with a rounded, well impressed fovea on each side; antennae rather short, black, the 10th to 18th joints white above, the apical half involute, flattened toward the tip and brownish- sericeous beneath. Thorax with a longitudinal, slightly impressed line on each side anteriorly; scutellum slightly convex, polished; meta- thorax deeply and confluently punctured, clothed with a short pale pu- bescence, the elevated lines well defined, the central area small and somewhat conical, almost smooth and rather indistinct. Wings dark fuscous, with a deep violaceous reflection, nervures and stigma black, areolet 5-angular or subtriangular, slightly oblique. Legs black, the anterior tarsi in front whitish. Abdomen black, with a faint tinge of blue, shining, minutely punctured; first segment broad, punctured; basal foveas of the second segment deep, transverse, and somewhat oblique; apical segments smooth and polished; ovipositor not exserted. Length 8 lines ; expanse of wings 14 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. This fine species closely resembles Ich. Orpheua^ but is distinguished at once by the difierent sculpture of the metathorax and the deep vio- laceous wings. 4. Ich. saucius, n. sp. Black ; antennae with a broad white annulus; wings fuscous ; central area of metathorax large, rounded in front and indented behind. Female. — Black, shining, closely punctured ; clypeus with large punctures and a large rounded fovea on each side ; antennae short, slightly involute at tip, the 9th to 17th joints white above and beneath, beyond this annulus the joints are rufous beneath. Scutellum flat, polished, with a few scattered punctures; metathorax strongly and some- what confluently punctured, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area large, slightly elongate, rounded in front and deeply indented behind. Wings fuscous, marginal cell darker ; nervures and stigma black; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, shining, the anterior tibite and tarsi in front piceous. Abdomen elongate, densely punctured, sub- opaque, smooth and shining towards the apex; basal segment finely 138 [June aciculate, bilineated ; basal foveas of the second segment small ; ovipo- sitor not exserted. Length^! lines; expanse of wings 12 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. Allied in form and color to the preceding species, but is smaller, the antennae much shorter, and the sculpturing of the metathorax is very different. • 5. Ich. Afer, n. sp. Black; antennae with a yellowish-white annulus; wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax large and quadrate. Feinale. — Deep black, shining, closely and finely punctured ; an- tennae two-thirds as long as the body, porrect, the 11th to 16th joints yellowish-white, basal joint robust ; middle of the face just beneath the antennae prominent. Scutellum slightly convex ; metathorax finely scabrous, the elevated lines distinct, the central area large, quadrate, slightly ti'ansverse. Wings subhyaline, tinged with fuliginous and hav- ing a slight violaceous reflection; nervures and stigma blackish; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs black, the anterior tibijB and all the tarsi at tips piceous. Abdomen robust, shining, finely punctured ; pe- tiole slender ; the first segment broad, finely aciculate ; basal foveae of the second segment indistinctly impressed ; ovipositor not exserted. Length h\ lines; expanse of wings 9 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Closely allied to Ich. ^nalacus Say, but is smaller and with clearer wings. I have before me 14 specimens of malacits, all of which have the central area of the metathorax large and quadrate, and the wiugs dark fuscous with a rather strong violaceous reflection. Length 6j — TA lines; expanse of wings 12 — 13 lines. 5. Ich. ater, n. sp. Black: anteunpe with a white annulus; wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax large, subquadrate. Female. — Black, subopaque; head with narrow white frontal orbits not reaching the clypeus which is shining and having a rather deep rounded fovea on each side; antennae short, flattened towards the tip and slightly involute, the 8th and 14th joints white. Thorax finely punctured, subopaque ; a minute white spot on each side in front of the tegulje ; scutellum flat, triangular, polished, distinctly punctured ; metathorax finely scabrous, the elevated lines tolerably well defined and 18G4.] 139 shining, the central area large, subquadrate, rather smooth. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged with fuliginous ; nervures blackish, stigma piceous ; areolet 5-angular, almost triangular. Legs black, the anterior tibia3 in front pale. Abdomen elongate, subopaque, very finely and densely punctured ; first segment rather broad, bilineated and finely aciculate; basal foveas of the second segment deep, transverse and some- what oblique ; ^apical segments smoother and shining ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 7 lines ; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — New York (Mr. James Angus) ; lUiuois (Dr. Saml. Lewis). 7. Ich. cincticornis. n. sp. Black; antennse with a broad white anuulus ; wings fuliginous; central area of metathorax large, quadrate. Female. — Black, closely punctured ; antennae more than half the length of the body, black, the 9th to 17th joints white above and be- neath. Thorax opaque, scutellum convex, strongly punctured ; meta- thorax confluently punctured, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area large, quadrate. Wings tinged with fuliginous; nervures and stigma blackish ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the anterior tibiae in front yellowish. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, subopaque, densely and finely punctured, apical segments smooth and shining; the basal foveas of the second segment deep and oblique ; ovipositor yellow, exserted about one line. Length 65 lines; expanse of wings 10 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. Mr. Chas. A. Blake. Resembles Ich. atcr, but the antennae are longer and more slender, and the white annulus broader ; the head is entirely black, the central area larger and quadrate and the areolet of the superior wings is 5- angular and not subtriangular. 8. Ich. Blakei, n. sp. Black; antennae with a broad white annulus; wings blackish-fuscous; cen- tral area of metathorax obsolete. Male. — Head black, the clypeus and mandibles shining, clothed with short black pubescence ; palpi black ; antennae porrect, three-fourths the length of the body, black, the 8th to 18th joints pure white, the 8th and 15th to 18th joints spotted beneath with black. Thorax black, closely punctured ; mesothorax in front with a deeply impressed longi- tudinal line on each side, between which there is a longitudinal carina more distinct on the extreme front; scutellum convex, black, very 140 [June deeply impressed in front and connected with the mesothorax on each side by a sharp carina; uietathorax scabrous, opaque black, the elevated lines broken and indistinct, the central ai-ea obsolete, the lateral tuber- cles prominent. Wings ample, blackish-fuscous, with a slight viola- ceous gloss; areolet 5-angular, the exterior nervure of which has a small hyaline spot on its middle, the cubital nervure and the second recurrent nervure, near the areolet, have also a small hyaline spot. Legs black, shining, the anterior femora with a whitish spot at tip and their tibiae a whitish line on the inner side. Abdomen elongate, slen- der, black with a slight tinge of blue ; the basal segment elongate, with two well defined carinas extendin"; from the ano-le forward on the petiole, on each side of the angulation a minute tubercle ; the first and second segments roughly punctured, the latter having the basal foveas transverse and rather deep ; the fourth and following segments pol- ished; venter black, shining. Length 9 lines; expanse of wings 15? lines. Hah. — Kocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. I dedicate this very distinct and elegant species to my friend Mr. Charles A. Blake of Philadelphia. 9. Ich. flavicornis, n. sp. Black, opaque; antennse orange-yellow ; wings dark fuscous, with a strong peneous reflection ; central area of metathorax large, subquadrate, transverse. Male. — Opaque deep black; head with the frontal orbits yellow, sometimes subobsolete or wanting ; antenna two-thirds the length of the body, orange-yellow, with the extreme base and apex blackish, scape deep black. Thorax closely punctured, with a rather deep indentation on each side of the mesothorax in front; scutellum convex, punctured, somewhat shining, deeply impressed in front and connected to the mesothorax on each side by a sharply defined carina, metathorax sca- brous, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area rather large and transverse. Wings dark fuscous, with a strong asneous reflec- tion ; nervures and stigma black; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs black, the anterior pair tinged with pale rufous on the inner side. Abdomen elongate, opaque black, immaculate, densely and finely punc- tured ; basal segment finely aciculate, bilineated ; basal foveas of the second segment rather large and deep, more coarsely aciculate; beneath black. Length 9 lines; expanse of wings 15i lines. Hah. — New York. Mr. James Angus. 1864.] 141 10. Ich. montanus. n. sp. Blue-black ; wings fusco-hyaline : Central area of metathorax large, quad- rate, transverse. Male. — Entirely blue-black ; the head and thorax having a slight tinge of green, rather densely punctured ; antennas almost as long as the body, black, opaque. Scutellum convex, deeply impressed in front and connected with the mesothorax on each side by a sharp carina; metathorax densely and confluently punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate, transverse. Wings fusco- hyaline, darkest on the apical margin and having a slight violaceous reflection ; nervures black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs blue-black, the inner side of the anterior tibife and tarsi and a spot at the tips of the anterior femora, whitish. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, densely punctured ; basal segment somewhat shining, deeply tinged with blue, bilineated and finely aciculate; apical segments smoother. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11 g lines. Female. — Resembles the male, except that the color is more bluish, the antennae are shorter and the 11th to 14th joints above are white ; the ovipositor is yellowish and exserted about one line. Hah. — Rocky iMountains, Colorado Territory. 3 % and 2 9 specimens. 11. Ich. pedalis. n. sji. Black: wiugs fusco-hyaline: legs fulvous: central area of metathorax trans- verse. Male. — Black, densely punctured ; antennae brown-black, more than half the length of the body. Thorax shining; scutellum rather convex, punctured shining; metathorax scabrous, opaque, the elevated lines well defined, the central area rather large, transverse, the posterior margin bent inwards. Wings fusco-hyaline, with a slight violaceous reflection; nervures and stigma black; areolet 5-angular or subtrian- gular. Legs fulvous, their coxae, trochanters and the extreme tips of the posterior tibiae, black. Abdomen opaque, densely punctured ; basal foveae of the second segment deep and oblique. Length 6^ lines; ex- panse of wings 11,'; lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 12. Ich. Ormenus, n. sp. Black, shining : wings subhyaline : legs fulvous: central area of metathorax large, elongate-subquadrate. Female. — Black, closely punctured, clypeus shining, with a deeply 142 [June impressed poiut on each side, mandibles and palpi piceous ; antennte short, involute, fuseo-sericeous. Thorax somewhat shining, finely punc- tured ; tegulcB rufo-testaceous ; scutellum flat, smooth and polished ; metathorax densely and somewhat roughly punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, elongate-subquadrate. Wings subhyaline, faintly stained with fuscous ; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs fvilvous, the coxae, the posterior femora at tip and their tarsi black. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, densely and finely punctured, the apical segments smooth and shining; the first segment bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the second segment deep ; beneath black ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 6^ lines; expanse of wings IH lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. 13. Ich. semilsevis, n. sp. Black: antennae with a narrow white annulus ; wings subhyaline; femora fulvous; central area of metathorax quadrate. Female. — Black ; head shining, closely punctured ; face short, a rounded carina beneath the insertion of the antennae; narrow orbits above the antennse and a spot at the summit of the eyes, white ; clypeus with a few large punctures, its anterior margin and the mandibles to- ward their tips, rufo-piceous ; antennae short, involute, the joints sub- moniliform, black, the 10th to 16th joints white above, beneath towards the tip they are brown-sericeous and flattened, basal joint robust, shin- ing black. Thorax polished, sparsely punctured, the disk above as well as the scutellum almost destitute of punctures, being very smooth and shining ; scutellum flat ; metathorax densely and rather roughly punc- tured, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area quad- rate, not very distinct. Wings almost hyaline, faintly stained with fuli- ginous, nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, shining; all the femora and the anterior and intermediate tibi^ and tarsi rufous, the latter obfuscated at tips. Abdomen black, tinged with purple, polished towards the tip ; petiole short ; the 1st segment biline- ated, finely aciculate ; basal fovese of the second segment deep and oblique, between these foveas the surface is longitudinally rugose, the rugosity extending down the middle of the segment almost to its tip ; the seventh segment sulcate above. Length 6^ lines ; expanse of wings Hi lines. 1864.] 143 Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Resembles Idi. Ormenus in size and form, but otherwise quite dis- tinct. Section 2. 14. Ich. vittifrons, n. sp. Black; face whitish, with a broad black stripe down its middle; scutellum white ; wings fuscous, hyaline at base ; central area of metathorax indistinct. Male. — Head black, the face below the antennae, clypeus, orbits not reaching the vertex behind, and the middle of the mandibles, white ; the face with a broad black vitta extending from the base of the an- tennas to the anterior margin of the clypeus ; antennae porrect, more than half the length of the body, black, the basal joint whitish beneath. Thorax black, shining, rather sparsely punctured, a well impressed lon- gitudinal line on each side of the mesothorax in front, which become obsolete before reaching the disk ; tegulse, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, white ; scutellum rather flat, white, with a deep impression at base and connected to the mesothorax on each side by a sharply defined cai'ina ; behind the scutellum a short trans- verse white line ; metathorax confluently punctured, the elevated lines indistinct, the central area small, subobsolete, its shape indistinct. Wings broad, dark fuscous, with a strong violaceous reflection, the base especially of the posterior pair, hyaline; nervures black, areolet 5-angu- lar or subtriangular, rather oblique. Legs black, the anterior coxa3 beneath, a spot on the intermediate coxae beneath, the anterior and in- termediate femora exteriorly at base, their tarsi and all their tibiae exteriorly, white. Abdomen elongate, black, closely punctured, shin- ing, especially at tip ; basal segment deeply punctured, the peduncle rather short; basal fovese of the second segment deep and transverse; beneath, black. Length 9 lines; expanse of wings 15 lines. fla6.— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 15. Ich. audax, n. sp. Black ; face, scutellum and legs in part, yellowish-white ; wings subhyaline ; central area of metathorax transverse. Male. — Head black, the face beneath the antennae, frontal orbits not reaching the vertex, clypeus, a spot on the mandibles, and the palpi, yellowish-white ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath whitish. Thorax black, finely and confluently punc- tured ; teguloe except at base, a sutural line before and a short line 144 [June beneath the wings, white ; scutelhim convex, profoundly impressed in front, entirely whitish ; metathorax roughly punctured, the elevated lines distinct, the central area transversely subquadrate, its margins smooth and shining. Wings subhyaline, tinged with fuliginous, with a faint violet reflection ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, anterior pair with a spot on their coxae beneath, and their tibiae and tarsi white; intermediate pair with the tips of their trochan- ters and femora, and their tibiae and tarsi white ; posterior pair with a small spot at the base of their femora within, the basal two-thirds of their tibiae and their tarsi also white ; all the tarsal claws black. Ab- domen entirely opaque black; basal segment bilineated, finely aciculate, as is also the base of the second segment, the fovese of which are large and deeply impressed ; beneath black. Length 7^ lines ; expanse of wings 12i lines. Ilnb. — Rocky Mountains. Colorado Territory. Ifi. Ich. caliginosus. n. sp. Black; antennae with a white annulus ; scutellum white: wings fusco-hya- line ; central area of metathorax large, quadrate and transverse. Female. — Black, subopaque, densely and finely punctured ; clypeus shining, with a few large punctures ; antennae half the length of the body, black, the 10th to 15th joints white above. Thorax densely and confluently punctured, with an abbreviated impressed line on each side of the mesothorax in front ; .scutellum rather flat, smooth and shining, with a large white spot occupying nearly its whole surface and slightly indented posteriorly; metathorax scabrous, the elevated lines well de- fined, the central area large and transversely quadrate. Wings fuscous, nervures black, stigma piceous, areolet 5-angular. Legs shining black, inner side of the anterior tibiae and tarsi whitish. Abdomen entirely black ; the first segment broad and finely aciculate, the peduncle slen- der ; basal foveae of the second segment deep and oblique ; apical seg- ments rather smooth and shining; ovipositor subexserted, yellowish. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 17. Ich. Bronteus, n. sp. Black; the face, scutellum and legs in part, yellow; wings subhyaline: cen- tral area of metathorax rather large, subquadrate. * Male. — Black, subopaque, closely punctured ; the face beneath the 1864.] 145 antenna;, frontal orbits, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow ; antennae black, more than half the length of the body, porreet, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax somewhat shin- ing above, clothed with short fuscous pubescence, an abbreviated im- pressed line on each side of the mesothorax in front; the tegulje, a short line in front and another beneath the wings, yellow; scutellum convex, smooth, yellow, slightly pilose ; metathorax scabrous, the elevated lines well defined, the central area rather large, subquadrate. Wings subhya- line, faintly fuliginous, and with a brassy reflection ; nervures fuscous, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow, the two anterior pairs of coxae, except a spot beneath, their femora posteriorly and the posterior coxae, femora and tibiae at tip, black. Abdomen long and rather slender, subopaque, densely and finely punctured ; the basal segment biliueated and finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the second segment deep ; on each side of the third segment at base a small obscure testaceous spot ; apical segments smoother; beneath, the second, third and part of the fourth segments are yellowish. Length 8 lines ; expanse of wings 12 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. 18. Ich. tenebrosus, n. sp. Black; fiicc aud scutellum yellow: legs fulvous; wings hyaline; central area of metathorax quadrate, elongate. Male. — Head black, the face beneath the antennae, frontal orbits, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow ; an- tenna3 more than half the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining, closely punctured ; tegular, a short line before and another beneath the wings, yellow ; scutellum rather flat, yellow, smooth and shining; metathorax roughly punctured, opaque black, the elevated lines well defined, the central area longitu- dinally quadrate. Wings hyaline; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base, the stigma fulvous; areolet 5-angular. Legs pale fulvous, the anterior and intermediate coxre black above, yellow beneath, the posterior pair entirely black, as well as the extreme tips of the posterior tibicG ; pos- terior femora of a more deeper fulvous; tips of tarsi blackish. Abdo- men elongate, rather slender, minutely punctured, opaque black, slightly shining towards the apex ; first segment bilineated and finely aciculate ; basal foveiB of the second segment oblique ; on each side of the third segment at base an obscure ferruginous spot ; beneath black, the second 146 [June and third segments pale testaceous, obfuscated on each side. Length 6:7 hnes ; expanse of wings 11^ lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 19. Ich. puUatus, n. sjj. Black : face and scutellum white, the former with a black stripe down its middle; wings clear; central area of metathorax transverse, rather large. Male. — Black ; head with the orbits, interrupted behind, the face, clypeus, spot on mandibles, and the palpi, whitish ; a broad black vitta extending from the base of the antennas to the anterior margin of the clypeus ; autenuje three-fourths the length of the body, slender, black, the basal joint beneath with a white spot. Thorax densely and finely punctured ; the mesothorax in front with a shallow impression on each side ; the collar above, tegulee, a sutural line before and a short one beneath the wings, white ; scutellum rather convex, polished, yellow- ish-white, behind it a small spot of the same color; metathorax rather finely and confluently punctured, the elevated lines tolerably well de- fined, shining, the central area rather large or moderate, semicircular, transverse, convex in front. Wings almost hyaline, having a very faint tinge of fuliginous especially on the apical margin ; nervures fuscous, costa piceous, stigma paler ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, a spot on the anterior coxae beneath, the anterior femora and tips of the middle feiuora within and the two anterior pairs of tibiae and tarsi, except a black line behind, whitish ; the basal two-thirds of the posterior tibiae and the joints of the tarsi exteriorly except their extreme tips also whitish ; tips of all the tarsi black. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, shining, densely and finely punctured; basal segment bilineated, rather smooth, the peduncle short; basal foveas of the second segment small, deep and obHque ; apical segments polished ; beneath black. Length 6 — 6^ lines; expanse of wings lOA — 11 lines. Hah. — Delaware (Dr. Wilson) ; Illinois (Dr. Lewis). 20. Ich. cordatus, n. sp. Black ; sides of face, a cordate spot on scutellum and legs in part, white : wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax transverse. Alale. — Head black, the frontal orbits (interrupted on each side of the insertion of the antennse, narrow above, broader below and con- stricted on each side of the clypeus), a spot on each side of the cly- peus, spot on mandibles, and the palpi, white ; antennas more than half 1864.] 147 the length of the body, black. Thorax black, shining, closely punc- tured ; a spot on tegulas, a spot before and a line beneath the wings white ; scutellum rather flat, smooth and shining, black with a rather large, cordate, white spot ; metathorax black, subopaque, the elevated lines well defined, the central area transverse, subreniform, being- rounded in front and emarginate behind. Wings subhyaline, apical margins slightly fuliginous, nervures and stigma black, areolet 5-angu- lar. Legs black, tips of the four anterior femora and their tibise and tarsi exteriorly, white, the tips of the latter and the claws, black ; in- ner half of the posterior tibise also white. Abdomen elongate, black with a slight tinge of blue, somewhat shining, rather smooth, the punc- tures close, but distinct and uniform, becoming less obvious towards the tip ; first segment bilineated, shining, the peduncle slender ; basal foveas of the second segment obliquely impressed ; beneath black. Length 6 lines ; expanse of wings 10 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 21. Ich. obliteratus, n. sp. Black; scutellum white; wings subhyaline, areolet incomplete; central area of metathorax obliterated. Male. — Jet-black, subopaque, densely punctured ; a minute whitish spot at the summit of the eyes ; antennte about half the length of the body, entirely black. Thorax shining above, conflueutly punctured ; a spot on tegulae, a short line before and a line beneath the wings, white; scutellum rather convex, deeply impressed in front, with a large quadrate white spot; metathorax opaque, scabrous, the elevated lines indistinct, the central area obliterated. Wings subhyaline, apical margins smoky ; areolet subtriangular, incomplete, the outer nervure being almost entirely obliterated. Legs black ; tips of the anterior and intermediate femora, the anterior tibiae and tarsi, the intermediate tibiae and tarsi exteriorly, and the posterior tibiae at base, white. Abdo- men elongate, rather slender : basal segment, broad posteriorly, biline- ated and roughly punctured ; basal foveas of the second segment small and indistinct ; the second and third segments above densely punc- tured, the apical ones smoother and shining, especially the sixth and seventh; beneath black, shining. Length 6^ lines ; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — llocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 148 [June 22. Ich. subcyaneus. n sp. Black, with a bluish tinge: annulus on the antennae and the scutellma white; wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax quadrate, moderate. Female. — Black, tinged with blue, shining, finely and densely punc- tured ; frontal orbits pale, subobsolete; antennae involute, black, 10th to 16th joints whitish. Scutellum flat, polished, yellowish-white ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the cen- tral area moderate, quadrate. Wings almost hyaline, having a faint tinge of fuliginous ; nervures fuscous, costa blackish, stigma brown ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the two anterior pairs tinged with brown. Abdomen stout, subovate, strongly arcuated, deeply tinged with dark blue J basal segment very broad, bilineated, punctured and subobso- letely aciculate, the tip deeply incised ; basal foveas of the second seg- ment transverse, rather deeply impressed 5 apical segments smooth and polished ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 5 Hues ; expanse of wings 9^ lines. Hah. — New Jersey. Mr. Wm. Wenzel. Section 3 — a. 23. Ich. scelestus, n. sp. Deep black, annulus on the antennse, spot on scutellum and another on ter- minal segment of the abdomen whitish ; wings dark fuscous ; central area of metathorax large, quadrate, elongate. Female. — Deep black, shining, densely and finely punctured ; on each side of the clypeus a deep fovea ; antennae short, slightly invo- lute, black, 9th to loth joints whitish, spotted on the outside with blackish ; scutellum rather flat, polished, with a small yellowish spot posteriorly; metathorax finely and densely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, elongate-quadi'ate. Wings dark fuscous, with a rather strong violaceous and cupreous reflection ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular, with a small hyaline spot on its outer nervure and two others below. Legs deep black, the anterior tibiae and tarsi pale in front. Abdomen elongate, strongly arcuated, feebly punctured, shining; basal segment bilineated, smooth on the disk and deeply punctured laterally ; apical segments polished, the extreme tip with a rounded yellowish-white spot ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 6i lines; expanse of wings lOJ lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 1864.] 149 24. Ich. extrematis. n. sp. Deep black: aunulus on antennse, seutellum and extreme apex of aodomen above, white: wing.s subbyaline ; central area of metathorax moderate, sub- quadrate. Female. — Deep black, somewhat shiniug, densely and finely punc- tured ; clypeus on each side with a deep fovea ; antennsB about half the length of the body, slightly involute, black, 8th to 13th joints above white ; seutellum flat, polished, yellowish-white ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, subquadrate, slightly transverse. Wings subhyaline, tinged with fuli- ginous ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular, somewhat oblique. Legs black, sericeous, the ante- rior pair brownish in front, the posterior trochanters white. Abdomen rather stout, .subovate, shining, the 2nd and 3rd segments opaque ; basal segment rather broad, glossy, bilineated, obsolete ly aciculate ; basal fovese of the 2nd segment subobsolete ; apical segments polished ; terminal segment above and the posterior margin of the 6th segment, white ; beneath black ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 5 lines ; ex- panse of wings 8 lines. Ilab. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Closely allied to Ich. hrevicmctor Say. but is shorter and more ro- bust, and the wings are shorter and darker ; it is readily distinguished from Say's species by the posterior trochanters being entirely white. Ich. hrevicinctor Say also belongs to this Section. Section 3 — h. 25. Ich. cseruleus, n. sp. Deej3 blue, shining; thorax tinged with green; orbits, two spots on clypeus, lateral sutures of mesothorax, two short lines on its disk and sides of seu- tellum, whitish ; wings clear ; central area of metathorax moderate, quadrate, indistinctly defined. Female. — Deep dark blue, shining, clothed with a very short pale pubescence ; head black with a bluish-green tinge, closely punctured ; the orbits (interrupted behind), a round spot on each side of the cly- peus, the labrum, a spot on the mandibles and the palpi, whitish ; labrum and mandibles fringed with yellowish pubescence ; antennae short, in- volute, black, the 10th to 15th joints above white, the tip beneath fus- cous. Thorax rather closely and finely punctured ; the mesothorax black more or less tinged with green, the pleura and metathorax green- 150 [June ish-blue ; the collar above, outer margin of the tegulae, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, and two longitudinal lines on the disk of mesothorax, white ; scutellum same color as the meso- thorax, sparsely punctured, polished, its lateral margins whitish ; post- scutellum with a transverse white spot; metathorax finely and conflu- ently punctured, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area moderate, subquadrate, indistinctly defined, smooth and shining. Wings almost hyaline, being faintly tinged with fuscous ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the anterior coxfe be- neath, the four anterior femora at tip and their tibife in front, and sometimes the posterior tibiae at base exteriorly, whitish. Abdomen elongate, stout, brilliant deep blue, closely and finely punctured, shin- ing ; basal segment rather broad, bilineated, finely aciculate, and with a small whitish spot, sometimes obsolete or wanting, on each extreme apical corner, the peduncle short ; extreme base of the second segment, between the basal fovere which are deep, is coarsely aciculate ; apical segments polished, impunctured. Length 6 — 8 lines; expanse of wings 10—13 Unes. Hah. — Mass., N. Y., N. J., Penn., Md., 111. Eight 9 specimens. This is a very beautiful species ; it agrees in some respects with the description given of Icli. pulcher Brulle, but I cannot satisfy myself of their identity. In this species the scape of the antennae is always black, the face is black with narrow white orbits, and the sides of the mesothorax and surface of the metathorax are not ornamented with yellow lines or spots, as is said to be present in pulcher. I have not seen the male. 26. Ich. Azotus, n. sp. Black ; face, orbits, lateral lines of mesothorax and two lines on its disk, scutellum, and apex of the first abdominal segment, white ; wings hyaline ; central area of metathorax moderate, transverse. Male.. — Black, shining; the face beneath the antennae, orbits, cly- peus, mandibles except base, and the palpi, white ; antennae porrect, about three-fourths the length of the body, black, the basal joint be- neath white. Thorax finely and closely punctured, with an impressed line on each side of the mesothorax in front; the tegulaa, a broad sutu- ral line before and a short line beneath the wings, and two short lines on the disk above, white; scutellum rather flat, polished, white except 1864.] 151 its anterior margin which is black ; a transverse white line on the post- scutellum ; metathorax densely and confluently punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, narrow and transverse, the space in front convex. Wings hyaline, slightly fuliginous at tip ; iiervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs black, the two anterior pairs in front and their coxse beneath, as well as a line on the posterior tibia? and tarsi behind, white. x\bdomen elongate, rather slender, densely and very finely punctured ; basal seg- ment bilineated, closely punctured, the extreme apex with a large white spot on the disk and a smaller one on each side, having the appearance of a transverse band trilobed in front ; basal foveas of the second seg- ment large, deep and somewhat oblique ; apical segments rather smooth and shining. Length H lines; expanse of wings 11 J lines. ^a^*.— Delaware. Dr. T. B. Wilson. Closely resembles Ich. ofiosus Say, but the antennae have no white annulus, the face is entirely white, the colors of the legs are difierently arranged and the metathorax has no lateral white spot as is always present in that species. 2". Ich. agnitus, n. sp. Black; autennte with a broad white annulus; orbits, a spot on each side of clypeus, lateral lines of mesothorax and the scutellum, white ; wings subhya- line ; central area of metathorax subquadrate. Female. — Black, shining. Head with the orbits of the eyes and a spot on each side of the clypeus, white ; antennae about half the length of the body, the apex involute, the 9th to 15th joints white, spotted beneath with black. Thorax strongly punctured ; tegulae black ; the collar above, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, white; scutellum flat and polished, with a large round white spot cov- ering nearly its entire surface, behind it an obsolete pale spot; meta- thorax densely and confluently punctured, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area moderate, subquadrate, rather smooth. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuscous; nervures and stigma black; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular, slightly oblique. Legs black, the anterior and middle femora at tip, the anterior tibiae in front and a spot on the posterior coxae beneath, white. Abdomen elongate, black, slightly tinged with blue, densely and minutely punctured ; basal seg- ment bilineated, broad posteriorly, distinctly punctured and having at its 152 [June extreme tip above a narrow white line and a minute white dot on each side of it ; basal foxese of the second segment deep ; apical segments smooth and shining ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 6^ lines ; ex- panse of wings 11 lines. Hab.— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Differs from Ich. ofiosus Say, by having a white spot on each side of the clypeus, by the absence of the lines on the disk of the thorax, by the different coloi'ation of the legs, by the absence of the lateral spots on the metathorax and by the different shaped central ai-ea. which in ofiosus is transverse, rounded in front and deeply indented behind. The following species also belong to this Section : — Irh. uni/asriafo- rius Say, Ich. ott'osus Say, Ich. navus Say and Ich. pulchcr liruUe, all of which are known to me, except the last. Section o — c. 28. Ich. apicalis, n. sp. Black ; face yellow ; scutellum pale ; legs and apex of abdomen fulvous : wings subhyaline : central area of metathorax large, quadrate, indistinct. Male. — Head black, the face beneath the antennas, frontal orbits, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow : an- tennae rather more than half the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining, closely punctured ; tegulfe, a spot before and a line beneath the wings, yellow ; scutellum i-ather flat, smooth and shining, black, with a subquadrate, obscure yellowish spot ; metathorax roughly punctured, opaque black, the elevated lines tolerably distinct, the central area quadrate, not well defined. Wings fusco-hyaline ; nervures fuscous, pale at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs fulvous, anterior and intermediate cox» black above, yellow beneath, the posterior pair entirely black ; the four anteriijr legs yellowish in front. Abdomen black, elongate, minutely punctured ; first segment finely aciculate, bilineated, the foveae of the second seg- ment profoundly impressed ; second, third and fourth segments opaque, the apical ones smooth and shining; last segment fulvous; beneath blackish, with the middle of the 2nd and three following segments pale yellow, the apical ones fulvous. Length G lines ; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territoi-y. 1864.] 158 Section 4. 29. leh. variegatus, n. sp. Black; face, scutellum, metathorax, legs in most part, and basal i of second abdominal segment, yellow; rest of abdomen, except basal segment, rufous; wings subhyaline: central area of metathorax subquadrate and transverse. Male. — Head black, the face beneath the antenna}, frontal orbits, clypeus, spot on mandibles, and the palpi, bright yellow ; antennae por- rect, nearly as long as the body, black, basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, polished, very finely punctured ; tegulae, a sutural line before and a line beneath the wings, yellow; scutellum slightly convex, polished, entirely bright yellow; metathorax densely punctured, yel- low except its anterior and lateral margins, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area moderate, transverse, subquadrate. Wings subhyaline, slightly fuliginous ; uervures and stigma piceous, paler at base ; areolet 5-angular. Legs bright yellow, the posterior coxae, fe- mora and apical half of the tibiae, black. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, opaque, densely and very finely punctured ; basal segment black, distinctly bilineated and finely aciculate; second segment bright yellow, its apical half dull rufous, the basal foveae small, black, coarsely aciculate ; remaining segments dull rufous, the third segment having; on each side an irregular yellowish stain dilated laterally; apical seg- ments smoother than the basal ones ; beneath pale ferruginous, the middle of the segments stained with yellowish. Length 8 lines; ex- panse of wings 11 J lines. Variety % . — Differs from the above as follows : — The four anterior femora have a black spot behind, the wings are clearer, the apical half of the 2nd abdominal segment is yellowish-ferruginous as also the basal foveae, the 3rd segment above is entirely yellow, except the basal incis- ure which is black, the remaining segments are dull rufous, the 4th and 5th each having a narrow black fascia at base. Length 6^ lines. ITab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 30. Ich. inconstans, n. sp. Black ; face, scutellum, legs, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and two apical segments of abdomen, more or less yellow ; wings subhyaline ; central area of metathorax moderate, subquadrate. 31ale. — Head black; the face beneath the antennte, clypeus, man- dibles (except the base which is piceous), and the palpi pale yellow ; antennae porrect, rather more than half the length of the body, black. 154 [June basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, minutely punctured, shin- ino-j tegulae, a spot before and a line beneath the wings, white; scu- tellum flat, polished, white; metathorax entirely black, finely and con- fluently punctured, opaque, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, subquadrate, rounded in front and obtusely indented behind. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, finely and densely punc- tured ; basal segment black, distinctly bilineated and finely aciculate ; second and third segments bright yellow, their apical third stained with ferruginous and their extreme apex obfuscated ; fourth segment brown-black with a large angular yellow spot on each side, almost meeting on the disk ; the two following segments black, the apical ones fulvous ; beneath colored as above. Length 7 — 8 lines ; expanse of wings 11 — 11^ lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 31. Ich. Crrotei, n. sp. Black: face and scutellum yellow; metathorax yellowi^h-ferrugiuous; ab- domen ferruginous and yellow, banded with black ; central area of metatho- rax small, transverse. Male. — Head black ; the face beneath the antennse, orbits, clypeus, mandibles except base and extreme tips, and the palpi, yellow ; an- tennae porrect, rather more than half the length of the body, brown- black, basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, finely and rather closely punctured, shining; tegular, a broad sutural line before and a short one beneath the wings, an oblique line on each side of the pectus, yellow or yellowish-ferruginous ; a spot on each side of the pleui'a and two lines on the disk of the mesothorax, almost confiuent behind and diverging in front, rufous and subobsolete ; scutellum rather convex, shining, yellow, immediately behind it a short transverse yellowish- ferruginous line ; metathorax almost entirely yellowish-ferruginous, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area small, transverse, subquadrate, the posterior margin bent inwards. Wings subhyaline, with a brassy gloss, the apical margin faintly tinged with fuliginous ; nervures blackish, pale testaceous at base, as well as the outer margin of the costa; stigma fulvous; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow, more or less varied with fuh^ous, the posterior coxas, trochanters, femora and tips of the tibice fulvous, the latter obfuscated at tips. Abdomen long and rather slender, densely and finely punctured, opaque-yellow, 1864.] 155 varied witli fulvous or pale ferruginous, the tips of the first, second, third and fourth segments bright yellow, their middle yellowish-ferru- sinous, their basal third black, as well as the base of the fifth and sixth segments, the remainder of these segments and also the apical segment entirely, fulvous ; basal segment distinctly bilineated ; basal foveas of the second segment small and transverse ; fifth and following segments smoother than the preceding ones, and somewhat shining ; beneath, the segments are yellow varied with fulvous, the basal segment black, the middle of the second and three following segments yellow with a black spot on each side at base ; apical segments fulvous. Length 6i — 7^ lines; expanse of wings 11 — 12^ lines. Varieti/ % . — Difiers from the above by having the cheeks, disk of the thorax above and the sides of the pleura more or less yellowish- ferruginous ; in one specimen the pleura has on each side a broad yel- lowish-ferruginous dash. Length 6 lines. Eah. — Rocky Mountains, Col. Ter. Illinois. Dr. Saml. Lewis. The two specimens from Illinois are not so bright in color as those from Colorado, the ferruginous color being very dull, approaching fus- cous, especially at the apex of the abdomen. I have no doubt of their identity. I dedicate this beautiful species to my friend Mr. Aug. R. Glrote of New York. Irh. jHcundits Brulle also belongs to this Section. Section 5. 32. Ich. nobilis, n. sp. Black ; face, scutelhxm, metathorax and legs in part, and posterior portion of the first 4 abdominal segments, yellow ; central area of metathorax transverse. Male. — Head black ; the face beneath the antennae, orbits, clypeus, mandibles and palpi, yellow ; antennae porrect, about half the length of the body, black, basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining, closely punctured, clothed with short fuscous pubescence ; collar above, tegulse, a broad sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, yellow; scutellum convex, yellow, as well as a short line behind it; metathorax mostly yellow, its anterior, posterior and lateral margins black, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, trans- verse. Wings subhyaline, stained with yellowish ; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow, a 156 [June spot on the intermediate cox?e beneath, the posterior coxae, their femora except extreme base and apex, and the tips of their tibice, black. Abdomen elongate, stout, bUick ; the first segment, except pe- duncle, apical two-thirds of the second, and the apical half of the two following segments, yellow ; remaining segments black, narrowly mar- gined at tip with obscure yellowish, shining; basal segment bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the 2nd segment small ; beneath colored same as above, except that the black bands of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th segments are interrupted on the middle. Length 9 lines; expanse of win"s 15 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Saml. Lewis. Closely resembles Ich. /sefus Brulle, but is much larger, the wings longer, and the central area of the metathorax differently shaped ; the colors are arranged pretty much the same, but the apical segments of Isetus are always black. I would remark here that Ich. parata Say, Contrib. Macl. Lye. i, p. 68, and Ich. pavdtd Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. i. p. 228, refer to two separate and distinct species; the former belongs, I think, to Isch- nus. and the latter is a true Ichneumon^ and identical with Ich. Isetus Brulle, — Say having mistaken the two for % and 9 of the same species. I have six specimens of the former species, all males, and fifteen of the latter, also all males. They are widely distinct and answer exactly to the desci'iptions given of them. I have therefore separated the two as follows : — Ischnus paratus Say. — Ichneumon parata Say, Contrib. Macl. Lye. i. p 68. Ichneumon laetus Brulle. — Ich. parata Say, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist, i, p. 228. 33. Ich. fiavizonatus. n. sp. Black: face, seutellum, legs, two spots on metatliorax and 5 bands on the abdomen, yellow ; wings subhyaline : central area of metathorax transverse. Black ; the face, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, frontal orbits not reaching the vertex, and the palpi, yellow ; antennae about half the length of the body, porrect, black or brown above, fvilvous beneath, obfuscated at the tips, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax densely and finely punctured ; the collar above, tegulfe, a short sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, yellow; seutellum rather convex, polished, entirely yellow, with a small transverse spot immediately behind it; metathorax densely and rather finely punc- 1864.] 157 tured, opaque black, witli a rather large yellow spot on each side, sometimes reduced to a small round spot, the elevated lines well de- fined, the central area subquadrate, transverse, moderate, its margins polished. Wings subhyaline, more or less stained with fuscous ; ner- vures fuscous, testaceous at base; stigma fulvous; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs yellow, the posterior coxae beneath and the tips of their femora and tibiaj, black; tips of the tarsi sometimes blackish. Abdomen elongate, opaque, finely punctured, the punctures coarser at base of the second segment ; basal segment distinctly bilineated and finely aciculate; basal fovete of the second segment deep, coarsely aci- culate ; apex of all the segments above with a more or less broad yel- low or yellowish-white band, sometimes slightly indented anteriorly ; in one specimen the bands are much narrowed and that on the 5th segment is wanting and that on the 7th segment is interrupted in the middle ; in another specimen the bands of the two apical segments are nearly white and occupy almost the whole surface ; beneath pale ful- vous, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th segments each with a large lateral blackish spot, remaining segments black. Length 7 J lines; expanse of wings 12 lines. Ilah. — New York (Mr. James Angus); Virginia (Dr. T. B. Wilson). Allied to Lh. laefus Brulle, but is more robust, the bands of the ab- domen much narrower and continued on the apical segments, and the central area of the metathorax is transverse. 34. Ich. atrifrons, n. sp. Black, anteniiiie with a broad wliitisli annulus ; scutellum. sides of metatho- rax, and the apical and lateral margins of the abdominal segments, yellow; legs fulvous varied behind with yellow; wings clear; central area of metatho- rax, elongate-quadrate. Fmnale. — Black, somewhat shining, finely and densely punctured ; head entirely black, except the frontal orbits above the antennse which are broadly yellow ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, black, the 10th to 15th joints whitish, basal joint beneath pale brownish. Thorax : collar above, tegulcS, a short sutural line before and a spot beneath the anterior wings, another spot beneath the posterior pair and a round spot on each side of the pleura immediately over the in- termediate coxoe, yellow ; scutellum flat, polished, yellow, with a trans- verse yellow spot behind it, the carina on each side in front of the 158 [June scutellum with a small yellow spot exteriorly ; metatliorax finely and densely punctured, black, with a very large longitudinal spot on each side of the middle and a small rounded yellow spot on the extreme sides, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, quad- rate, elongate. Wings hyaline, nervures testaceous, stigma pale ful- vous, areolet 5-angular. Legs dull fulvous, the coxas, trochanters and the four anterior femora behind yellow, posterior coxae at base beneath and at the insertion of the trochanters behind, black. Abdomen elon- gate, rather robust, strongly arcuated, basal segments opaque, apical ones shininir ; basal segment rather narrow, bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal fove^e of the second segment scarcely impressed ; the apical and lateral margins of all the segments, broader at the apical corners, yel- low ; beneath blackish ; ovipositor fulvous, exserted about half a line. Length 5 lines; expanse of wings 8 J lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. To this Section also belongs Ich. compfns Say and Ich. conchtnm Say, the last of which is unknown to me. Section 6. 35. Ich. comes, n. sp. Black; face, two lines on mesothorax, scutellum, spot on pleura, Won meta- thorax, legs in part, and the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments, yellow ; central area of metatliorax quadrate. Male. — Head black ; face beneath the antennae, frontal orbits, cly- peus, mandibles except tips, palpi, and a spot on the cheeks just above the base of the mandibles, yellow ; antennae porrect, about two-thirds the length of the body, black, basal joint beneath, yellow. Thorax black, shining, finely punctured ; collar above, tegulas, a broad sutural line before and a narrow one beneath the wings, two lines on the disk of mesothorax (which are confluent before reaching the posterior mar- gin, diverging in front and becoming confluent with the sutural lines), and a rather large irregular mark on pleura, enclosing a small black spot, yellow; scutellum convex, yellow, polished, behind it a short, transverse, yellowish spot ; the lateral carinse of the scutellum have an exterior yellow spot ; metatliorax scabrous, black, with a yellow mark behind having somewhat the shape of a W; elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, quadrate, not at all transverse. Wings sub- hyaline, slightly stained with yellowish; nervures pale fuscous, testa- 1864.] 159 ceous at base, stigma pale fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow ; the posterior coxre, their femora except extreme base, and the apex of their tibia), black ; tips of the tarsi brown, the four anterior femora stained with blackish behind. Abdomen elongate, rather stout, black ; the 2nd, except a transverse irregular blackish mark at tip, and the whole of the 3rd segment, yellow ; basal segment bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal fovese of the 2nd segment deep ; apical segments smoother than the basal ones; beneath colored same as above, except that the 4th segment is stained with yellowish. Length 7 — 8^ lines; expanse of wings 12 — 13 2 lines. Hah. — Illinois (Dr. Saml. Lewis) ; Delaware (Dr. T. B. Wilson). The lines on the disk of the mesothorax, and the irregular mark on the pleura are sometimes wanting; the foveas of the 2nd abdominal segment are sometimes black, and the irregular black mark on the apical half of this segment sometimes forms a regular band. This species is closely allied to Mi. leetus Brulle, and may possibly *prove to be a variety of it. The wings are, however, longer, the an- teunsB are entirely black, except the basal joint beneath, and the basal segment of the abdomen is always black; only two segments are yel- low, while Isehis has four. 3(5. Ich. parvuS; n. sp. Black: face, scutellum; legs in part, and the apical half of the three first abdominal segments, yellow : wings subhyaline ; central area of the metatho- rax moderate, subquadrate. Male. — Black, finely punctured, shining; the face, clypeus, spot on mandibles and the palpi, yellow ; antennas about half the length of the body, porrect, black, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax entirely black; scutellum slightly convex, polished, entirely yellow; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area mode- rate, subquadrate, somewhat elongate, rounded in front and indented behind. Wings subhyaline, slightly iridescent ; nervures fuscous, paler at base, stigma brown or fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow ; the coxa), the four anterior femora behind, the posterior femora entirely and their tibiae at tips black ; tips of the tarsi blackish, and sometimes the posterior tarsi are almost entirely blackish. x\bomen elongate, rather slender, apical segments smooth and shining, the basal ones finely punctured; basal segment bilineated, finely aciculate; basal foveae 160 [June of the second segment small, not deep ; apex of the first segment and the apical two-thirds of the two following segments yellow, in one spe- cimen the apical middle of the fourth segment is obscurely yellowish ; beneath colored same as above. Length 4A lines ; expanse of wings 7 lines. ^^,7;. —New York (Mr. Angus); Illinois (Dr. Lewis). About half the size of kh. Isettis BruUe, which it resembles in color, except that the meso- and metathorax are immaculate. 37. Ich. pictifrons, n. sp. Black, face spotted with yellow; scutellum, legs in part, and the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments yellowish : wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax large, transversely quadrate. Male. — Black, very finely punctured ; a wedge-shaped stripe on each side of the face, two small spots immediately beneath the antennae, clypeus, except a blackish spot on its middle, and a spot on the man- dibles, yellow ; antennae more than half the length of the body, por- rect, black, tip of the basal joint beneath yellowish. Thorax entirely* black ; scutellum slightly convex, yellow, stained with fulvous at base and apex ; metathorax finely and densely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, transversely quadrate, its posterior margin rather indistinct. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fulio-inous, and having a slight violaceous reflection at tips ; nervures blackish, stigma brown ; areolet .5-angular. Legs yellowish ; the coxfe, the four anterior femora behind, the posterior femora entirely and the apex of the posterior tibis\), black ; tips of the tarsi also blackish. Ab- domen elongate, rather slender, basal segment bilineated and finely aciculate ; basal foveae of the second segment large and deeply im- pressed ; apical segments smooth and shining ; the second and third segments yellowish-fulvous, the anterior half of the second segment paler; beneath colored same as above. Length 5 lines; expanse of wings 1^ lines. jjah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 38. Ich. bizonatus. n. sp. Black : face, annulus on antennse, scutellum, legs in part, and two bands on ab- domen, yellow: wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax large, quadrate. Female. — Head black, shining, sides of the face and frontal orbits, yellow, the latter tinged with ferruginous near the summit of the eyes ; 1864.] 161 middle of the face and the clypeus rufous, the latter with a yellow spot on each side, the mandibles near their tips also rufous ; antennas two- thirds the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath yellow, and the 8th to 12th joints yellowish-white, spotted beneath with black. Thorax black, rather densely and closely punctured, shining, the tegular and a spot before the wings honey -yellow ; a line beneath the wings and the scutellum yellow, the latter flat, smooth and shining; meta- thorax scabrous, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate. Wings subhyaliue, slightly stained with fuscous and having a brassy gloss, the nervures and stigma testaceous, the areolet 5-angu- lar. Legs black, apex of the anterior and intermediate femora and the tibiai and tarsi yellow, the latter obfuscated at tips, the anterior femora stained with ferruginous on the inside ; the posterior femora entirely black, the basal half of their tibiae yellow, the tarsi dusky. Abdomen black, the petiole rather slender ; first segment bilineated, finely aciculate, the second and third segments above very finely and closely punctured, the remaining segments smooth and shining • at the base of the second and third segments above a rather narrow transverse yellow band, the posterior margin of which is denticulated, that on the second segment covering the base and extending down for a short dis- tance on each side of the segment, that on the third segment not quite reaching the base and is somewhat dilated on each side ; beneath, the second, third and fourth segments are yellowish, the rest black ; ovi- positor scarcely exserted. Length G lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. ffiih. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Section 7 — a. 39. Ich. ambiguus. n. sp. Black : the face, orbits, two lines before the wings, scutellum and the ante- rior legs in front, white; wings fuliginous; central area of metathorax small, .subconical. Male. — Elongate. Head black, the face beneath the antennae, the orbits interrupted behind, clypeus, spot on mandibles, and the palpi, white ; antennas porrect, more than half the length of the body, black, basal joint beneath white. Thorax black, shining, closely punctured ; mesothorax in front with two impressed longitudinal lines reaching the disk ; the collar above, an abbreviated sutural line before and a dot beneath the wings, white ; scutellum flat, polished, with a large round 162 [June white spot ; metatlioras scabrous, the elevated lines well defined, the central ai'ea small, elongate, subcorneal, smooth and polished. Wings fuliginous, darkest alons the costa ; nervures and stic-ma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the in- termediate coxfe beneath with a rounded white spot, the anterior and intermediate legs in front white, tarsal claws black. Abdomen elon- gate, sublinear, depressed, opaque yellowish-ferruginous; basal seg- ment black, bilineated, finely aciculate at tip; basal foveae of the second segment deep and oblique ; apical segments somewhat shining. Length 10 lines ; expanse of wings 15 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. 40. Ich. vinulentus, n. sp. Black; face, scutelluin and legs in part, white; abdomen rufous; wings sub- hyaline : central area of metathorax quadrate. Male. — Head black, the face below the antennas, frontal orbits, cly- peus, a spot near the tip of the mandibles, and the palpi, white; an- tennae two-thirds the length of the body, blackish, the basal joint beneath white. Thorax black, shining, finely, closely and uniformly punctured ; tegulae, a cuneiform mark before and a short line beneath the fore-wings, white ; scutellum almost flat, smooth, shining and en- tirely white ; metathorax opaque black, finely scabrous, the elevated lines smooth and shining, the central area large, quadrate, not at all transverse, more finely sculptured than the rest of the metathorax. Wings subhyaline, with a slight brassy gloss; the nervures and stigma dark fuscous, the former much paler at base ; areolet 5-angular or al- most triangular. Legs white; the coxas, except a small spot posteriorly, the outer surface of the anterior and intermediate femora except their extreme base and apex, the posterior femora except their extreme base, and almost the terminal half of the posterior tibiae, black. Abdomen rufous; the basal segment black, distinctly bilineated, finely aciculate, interspersed with a few punctures at base ; basal foveas of the second segment deep and somewhat oblique, this and the following segments opaque, very densely and finely punctured, the punctures becoming finer and the surface smoother towards the apex. Length 1\ lines ; expanse of wings 12^ lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains. Colorado Territory. 1864.] 168 41. Ich. consimilis, n. sp. Black : face, scutellum and legs in part, yellow: abdomen brick-red; wings subhyaline ; central area of metathorax subquadrate, moderate. Mcde. — Head black, the face below the antennae, frontal orbits, cly- peus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow ] antennae two-thirds the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath with a broad yellow line. Thorax black, finely, closely and uniformly punc- tured ; tegulre, a narrow sutural line before the wings abbreviated be- fore and suddenly dilated behind, and a short line beneath the wings, yellow ; scutellum convex, entirely pale yellow ; a small, transverse, subobsolete, yellowish line behind the scutellum ; metathorax black, rather finely rugose, the elevated lines well defined ; the central ai-ea subquadrate, rounded in front and obtusely emarginate behind. Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged with fuscous and with a brassy gloss ; ner- vures fuscous, testaceous at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs yellow ; coxae, trochanters, anterior and interme- diate femora exteriorly except tips, the posterior femora entirely, as well as the tips of the posterior tibias, black. Abdomen brick-red, darker towards the apex ; basal segment black, distinctly bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal fovea3 of the second segment deep and somewhat oblique, and between which the surface is finely aciculate ; second and following segments opaque, very finely and densely punctured ; ventral segments stained with yellowish, with a more or less dusky spot on each side especially towards the tip. Length T^ lines ; expanse of wings 121 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Closely resembles Icli. vinidentus, but besides the difference of color, the scutellum is much more convex and the sculpture of the metatho- rax is different, the central area being smaller and difiierently shaped. 42. Ich. juxtus, n. sp. Black : face, scutellum and legs in part, yellow ; abdomen dull ferruginous : wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax large, transversely subreniform. Male. — Head black, the face beneath the antennae, frontal orbits, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow ; an- tennae more than half the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, finely punctured ; a sutural line before the wings, tegula) and a line beneath the wings, pale yellowish ; a sub- 164 [June obsolete, quadi-ate, ferruginous spot on the disk of the mesothorax ; scutellum rather flat, pale yellowish, shining, a short transverse line of the same color just behind ; metathorax opaque black, with a sub- obsolete, longitudinal, rufous stripe on each side ; densely and roughly punctured, clothed like the head and thorax with short pale brownish pubescence ; the elevated lines well defined, the central area lai'ge, transversely subreniform, being broadly rounded in front and emargi- nate behind. Wings subhyaline. with a flint violaceous and brassy gloss ; nervures fuscous, pale at base, stigma ferruginous ; areolet 5-an- gular. Legs yellow ; the four anterior coxjb black, more or less stained with ferruginous beneath, as well as their femora beneath ; posterior coxae black with a subobsolute rufous spot behind, their femora, except their base and trochanters which are rufous, and the tips of their tibiae, black. Abdomen dull ferruginous, the apical margin of each segment with an indistinct darker stain, the basal half of the petiole blackened ; first segment distinctly bilineated and finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the second segment small, not deep, this and the follow- ing segments densely and finely punctured, the punctures becoming finer and the surface smoother towards the tip ; beneath, the basal seg- ment is black, the disk of the second and third and the apical margin of the following segments ai'e yellowish. Length 7.1 lines; expanse of wings 12i lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Resembles the two preceding species, but differs much in the distri- bution of color, and especially in the shape of the central area of the metathorax which in this species is transversely subreniform, while in the two preceding species it is quadrate or subquadrate. 4:1 Ich. animosus. n. sp. Black; face, dcutellum and legs in part, yellow; wings hyaline; abdomen dull rufous banded with black; central area of metathorax elongate. Male. — Head deep black, shining; face beneath the antennae, fron- tal orbits, clypeus, mandibles, except base and apex, and the palpi, bright yellow ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, black, basal joint beneath bright yellow. Thorax deep black, shining, finely and rather sparsely punctured ; tegulae, a short line before and a line be- neath the wings, yellow ; scutellum rather flat, shining, entirely bright yellow, except a sinuate line at base, which gives the yellow a cordate 1864.] 165 appearance with its apex truncate ; metathorax scabrous, opaque black, the elevated lines well defined, the central area rather small, elonu-ate, narrow, rounded in front and truncate behind. Wings nearly hyaline; iiervures fuscous, pale testaceous at base, stigraa and most of the costa fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs bright yellow ; anterior coxee black above, yellow beneath, intermediate pair almost entirely yellow, having a black stripe on the exterior side, posterior pair entirely black ; pos- terior side of the four anterior femora with a broad black vitta mar- gined above with pale ferruginous, posterior femora, except extreme base and apex, and the apical half of their tibias, black. Abdomen dull rufous, subopaque ; basal segment black, bilineated, faintly aciculate, with a subobsolete rufous dot at the extreme tip ; on each side of the second segment at bnse a somewhat obliquely impressed fovea; a black mark occupies nearly the basal half of this segment, the posterior mar- gin beino- concave and leavino; an obtuse lobe on each side not touch- ino- the lateral maroin of the seirment ; basal maroin of the four follow- ing segments black, that on the third segment slightly and gradually dilated on the disk, that on the fourth and fifth segments suddenly and broadly dilated on the disk reaching the middle of the segments, that on the sixth segment small ; the apical segment entirely rufous ; be- neath pale rufous, stained with yellowish on the middle of the second, third and fourth segments. Length 6i lines ; expanse of wings 11 lines. Ifab. — Kocky Mountains, ('olorado Territory. 44. Ich. vultus. II. #j>. Black; face bright yellow; legs and abdomen rufous; wings subh valine ■ central area of metathorax rather large, lunate. Alale. — Black, finely and densely punctured; face beneath the an- tennae, orbits, interrupted behind, clypeus and spot on mandibles, bright yellow ; palpi pale ; antennae more than half the length of the body, porrect, black, opaque, basal joint beneath yellowish. Thorax shining; tegulae, a dot before them and the apical half of the scutellum pale honey-yellow ; scutellum rather flat, polished ; metathorax densely punctured, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area rather large, lunate, transverse, rounded in front and indented behind. Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged with fuliginous ; nervures and stigma fuscous ; areolet .5-angular or sub triangular. Legs rufous, tibise and tai'si tinged with yellow, the coxae, trochanters and the apex of the posterior tibiae, 166 [June black. Abdomen elongate, finely and closely punctured, shining, ru- fous, base of petiole blackish ; basal segment not much dilated, biline- ated, the disk with a shallow fovea ; basal fove?e of the second segment deep and oblique ; basal incisures of the 3rd and 4th segments black- ish ; apical segments smooth and polished, the last one tinged with yellowish. Length 4 lines; expanse of wings 62- lines. Htilj. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 45. Ich. fuscifrons, n. sp. Black ; face dark brown, basal half of antennse, two spots on nietathorax, legs and abdomen rufo-fuscoiis ; scutellum and middle of autennce white; wings hyaline ; central area of metathora x rather large and subquadrate. Female. — Head black, the face beneath the antennae, the frontal orbits, the clypeus and mandibles, dark brown ; palpi paler ; antennae about half the length of the body, the 8 basal joints rufo-fuscous, the 7 following white and the remainder black above, fuscous beneath. Thorax black, clothed with short yellowish-sericeous pubescence ; the tegulje, a spot befoi'e and another beneath the posterior wings, rufous ; a short line beneath the anterior wings and the scutellum, yellowish- white, the latter rather flat, polished ; metathorax densely punctured, opaque, with a dull rufous spot on each side, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area large, subquadrate, slightly elongate. Wings hyaline, nervures fuscous, stigma pale testaceous, areolet 5-angular. Legs pale rufo-fuscous, the intermediate coxjb yellowish beneath. Ab- domen elongate, rufo-fuscous ; a small spot on each side of the first seg- ment at tip, an obsolete spot on each side of the third segment poste- riorly and the disk of the two apical segments, yellowish ; basal segment with the peduncle black, rather slender ; apical segments smoother and somewhat shining. Length 6 lines ; expanse of wings 9 lines. Hah. — IlUnois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 46. Ich. funestus. n. sp. Black: head varied with dull rufous; anteuuce with a white annulu.-^ : scu- tellum yellow ; abdomen rufo-fuscous ; wings hyaline : central area of meta- thorax large, quadrate. Female. — Head black, the orbits (yellowish in front), and the lower part of cheeks, dull rufous ; antennae short, involute, black, 9th to 15th joints white. Thorax feebly punctured, shining, black ; beneath the anterior wings a short yellowish line ; scutellum flat, polished, yellow, with a yellow spot behind ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated 1864.] 167 lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate, slightly transverse. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged with fuliginous; nervures fuscous; stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs black, the tibiae piceous and the tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen robust, strongly arcuated, rufo-fuscous, polished towards the apes ; basal segment black- ish, bilineated. finely aciculate ; basal fovefe of the second segment rather deep and coarsely aciculate ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 5 lines; expanse of wings 8^ lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. Mr. J. H. B. Bland. To this Section also belongs Irli. grandis Brulle, Ich. devinctor Say (t=tibialis Brulle), and Ich. succinctus Brulle, the first of which is unknown to me. Section 7 — b. 47. Ich. seminiger, u. sp. Dull rufous ; apex of antennte, thorax beneath, metathorax and basal mar- gin of 3rd and 4th abdominal segments, black; seutellum yellow ; wings sub- hyaline : central area of metathorax large, subquadrate. Female. — Dull rufous. Head : palpi pale ; antennae about half the length of the body, involute, the 1st to 8th joints rufous, sometimes fuscous, the 9th to 15th joints whitish or yellowish, the remainder blackish or brownish, the basal joint beneath always rufous. Thorax finely punctured, shining, black ; the mesothorax above dull rufous ; seutellum flat, polished, yellow ; metathorax finely punctured, black, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, subquadrate, truncate in front and deeply indented behind. Wings subhyaline, slightly and uniformly stained with fuscous ; nervures fuscous, paler at base; stigma pale fulvous; areolet 5-angular, rather oblique. Legs rufous, shining, coxte black, the four anterior ones occasionally reddish beneath. Abdomen rather short, robust; basal segment broad, biline- ated, finely aciculate, and having a small round yellowish spot on each side, sometimes obsolete or wanting ; petiole black ; basal foveae of the second segment small, not deep ; basal margin of the third and fourth segments above narrowly black; apical segments smoother than the basal ones; ovipositor not .exserted. Length 5^ lines ; expanse of wings 9 J lines. Hah. — Mass.. N. J.. Penn., Virginia. Allied to Ich. sufiiralis Say, but differs by the tricolored antennae. 168 [June by the thorax beneath and the metathoros being black, and by the central area of the latter being quadrate and not at all elongate. 4S. Ich. discus, n. sp. Black ; face, mesothorax, scutellum, legs and abdomeu, except sutures. fulvo-ferru2;iuous: %vings subhyaline : central area of metathorax large, quad- rate. Male. — Head black, shining; face beneath the anteunre, frontal or- bits, clypeus and mandibles, except base and apex, yellowish-fulvous ; palpi yellowish ; antennae about half the length of the body, black, the basal joint beneath fulvous. Thorax black, closely punctured, shining, the disk above, and a spot before the wings, obscure ferruginous ; scutellum rather flat, smooth and shining, yellowish-ferruginous ; meta- thorax opaque black, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate, slightly transverse. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuliginous ; nervures blackish, testaceous at base, stigma fuscous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs fulvous above, yellow beneath ; the coxae and a spot on the trochanters, black, the four anterior coxa; with a large yellow spot beneath. Abdomen ferruginous, dai'ker towards the apex ; basal segment black, distinctly bilineated, and having an obscure fer- ruginous spot at the extreme tip ; basal margin of the second and three following segments narrowly black, the second and third segments above paler ferruginous than the others; beneath, the segments are dull ferruginous, stained with fuscous on the disk of the second, third and fourth segments. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings 10 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 49. Ich. subrufus, n. sp. Dull rufous: tips of anteiiuffi, pectus, pleura, metathnrax and eo.Kte black : scutellum and basal portion of antennae tinged witli yelbiwish ; wings fusco- hyaline : central area of metathorax obsolete. Female. — Dull rufous ; antennae about half the length of the body, involute at tip, the 17 basal joints submoniliform, rufous, golden seri- ceous, apical joints black. Thorax finely punctured, shining, black ; the collar and mesothorax rufous, the latter slightly stained on the disk in front with fuscous ; scutellum rather flat, polished, yellowish-ferru- ginous ; metathorax black, finely punctured, the elevated lines not dis- tinct, the central area obsolete. Wings fusco-hyaline with a yellowish tinge ; nervures fuscous, paler at base ; stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-an- gular. Legs pale rufous, the coxae black. Abdomeu elongate ; basal 1864.] 169 segment broad, bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the second segment ()l)lique, not deep ; terminal margins of the segments with an indistinct darker stain ; apical segments smooth and polished ; beneath slightly tinged with yellowish ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 7 lines ; expanse of wings lOJ lines. ^a/A— Virginia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. x\llied to Ich. seminige)', but differs by being larger and more elon- gate, by the bicolored antennae, by the central area of the metathorax being obsolete, and by the abdomen being entirely rufous. 50. Ich. vicinus. n. sp. Dull rufous; antennae tricolored; scutellum yellowish-white; sutures of the thorax and of the third and fourth segments of abdomen black; wings clear; central area of metathorax rather large, elongate-quadrate. Femdlr. — Dull rufous, approaching brown, shining ; antennae about half the length of the body, slightly involute, the 1st to 8th joints ru- fous, the 9th to l-l:th white above, spotted with rufous beneath, apical joints blackish. Thorax feebly punctured, the sutures of the pleura, the surface beneath between the four anterior legs, and the spaces on each side of scutellum, blackish; scutellum rather flat, polished, pale yellow ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines distinct, the central area large, longitudinally quadrate. Wings almost hyaline ; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base ; stigma pale fulvous ; areolet 5- angular. Legs rufous, the basal third of the posterior femora and tips of their tibiee black. Abdomen elongate, subovate ; basal segment almost smooth, shining, bilineated, indistinctly aciculate; basal foveas of the second segment oblique and scarcely impressed ; basal margin of the third and fourth segments above narrowly black; apical seg- ments smooth and polished ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 8 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Resembles Ich. seminli/er, but not so robust, the thorax above and beneath and the metathorax is rufous, not black, and the basal segment of abdomen not so broad as in that species. ."Jl. Ich. rutilus, n. sp. Pale rufous: antennae fuscous, with a broad whitish annulus ; incisures of thorax blackish; scutellum white; wings subhyaline; central area of meta- thorax large, subquadrate. Fcmiilr.— 'Pale rufous ; frontal orbits yellowish ; clypeus rather large, 170 [June truncate in front, with a deep puncture on each side ; its apical two- thirds, as wfell as the mandibles, blackish ; palpi dusky ; eyes promi- nent j antennae as long as the body, fuscous, the base of the 3 or 4 basal joints rufous, the 9th to 13th joints white, basal joint beneath entirely rufous. Thorax densely punctured, dull rufous, tinged with brown, the incisures blackish; the dorsal lines scarcely impressed; a dot before and a line beneath the anterior wings, yellow ; scutellum flattened, pale yellowish-white, polished, the space on each side black- ish, as well as the postscutellum except a small rufous spot beneath the scutellum ; metathorax densely punctured, pale rufous, tinged laterally with yellowish, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area large and subquadrate, the lateral tubercles strongly developed and subacute, the incisure at the base of the posterior coxse and abdo- men, black. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged with fuscous ; nervures and stigma pale fulvous; areolet large, 5-angular. Legs rufous, ex- treme tips of the posterior femora, apical half of their tibijB and the basal and apical joints of their tarsi, black. Abdomen short, ovate, flattened above, shining at tip; basal segment longer than the second, strongly arcuated, flattened, broad at tip, somewhat bilineated ; basal fovene of the second segment rather large and deep ; extreme apical segment obsoletely tinged with yellowi.sh ; ovipositor black, exserted about one line. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 8^ lines. Hab. — Virginia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Resembles Ich. vicinus, but is more robust, and is at once distin- guished from that species by the prominent tubercles on the meta- thorax. 52. Ich. annulipes. n. sp. Rufous, the thorax blackish ; antennse with a white annulus ; scutellum yel- low ; wings clear; central area of metathorax obsolete; tibiae with a yellow baud. Female. — •Yellowish-rufous, finely punctured, shining ; palpi pale yellowish ; antennae half the length of the body, involute, blackish, the 9th to 14th joints white, basal joint robust, rufous. Thorax blackish, the disk of the mesothorax and a sutural line before the wings rufous ; tegulfe and a short line beneath the wings yellowish ; scutellum flat, polished, yellow, with a transverse yellow spot behind it; metathorax densely punctured, deeply impressed behind, black, the posterior angles 1S64.] 171 rufous, the elevated lines and central area obsolete, the latter almost entirely so. Wings hyaline, very fiiintly tinged with fuliginous, iride- scent; nervures and stigma fuscous, the latter paler; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellowish-rufous ; trochanters and band on the tibiae, subobsolete on the two anterior pairs and very distinct on the posterior pair, yellow ; posterior coxae, femora and base and apex of their tibiae, piceous. Ab- domen subovate, shining, pale rufous; basal segment rather broad, bilineated, basal foveae of the 2nd segment obsolete ; apical segments smooth and polished, the last segment with a yellowish tinge ; oviposi- tor not exserted. Length 3^ lines; expanse of wings 6 lines. ir«i.— Delaware. Dr. T. B. Wilson. 5.3. Ich. pusillus, n. sp. Yellowish-rufous, the thorax partly blackish ; anteniise with a white annu- lus : seutellum and subobsolete bands on tibise, yellowish: wings clear; cen- tral area of metathorax obsolete. Female. — Yellowish-rufous, rather slender, shining; antennae more than half the length of the body, involute, rufo-piceous, the 9th to 15th joints white, basal joint robust, rufous. Thorax pale rufous above, blackish beneath ; seutellum flat, polished, yellow, with a rufous spot behind ; metathorax densely punctured, blackish, rufous behind, the elevated lines and central area obsolete. Wings hyaline, iridescent; nervures and stigma fuscous, the latter paler; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellowish-rufous, all the tibiae with a subobsolete yellow band, more obvious on the posterior pair. Abdomen elongate-subovate, polished, yellowish-rufous, the last segment tinged with yellow ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 2^ lines ; expanse of wings A^ lines. iTai.— Delaware. ' Dr. T. B. Wilson. Closely allied to Ich. (inmdipes, but is smaller, much less robust, and paler in color, with the antennse rather longer. 54. Ich. longulus, n. sp. Yellowish-ferruginous; face and seutellum, yellow; incisures of abdomen above black; wings subhyaline; central area of metathorax rather large, quadrate. Mdle. — Yellowish-ferruginous, subopaque ; face beneath the anten- nae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles and lower part of the cheeks, yellow ; antennae porrect, half as long as the body, black, basal joint yellowish- ferruginous, paler beneath. Thorax polished, sparsely punctured ; metathorax slightly stained with fuscous ; tegulae, a sutural line before 172 [June and a short line beneath the wings, yellowish; seutellum rather con- vex, yellow, polished, the space on each side blackish ; metathorax in- distinctly punctured, opaque, the elevated lines indistinct, central area rather large, quadrate, not well defined. Wings fusco-hyaline, with a slight violaceous reflection ; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellowish-ferruginous varied with yellow; tips of posterior tibice blackish. Abdomen very elongate, rather slender ; basal segment distinctly bilineafed and finely aciculate ; basal foveas of the second segment deep and oblique ; the third and three following segments each with a narrow black fascia at base above ; apical segments smoother ; beneath yellowish-ferruginous, the middle of the segments stained with yellowish. Length 7 lines ; "expanse of wing 10 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Resembles Ich. propinquus, but the color is paler, the form much more elongate and slender, and the antennae almost entirely black. It is possible, however, that it may be the male of that species. 55. Ich. propinquus, u. sp. Reddish-fulvous; apical half of antennre, suturesof the thorax aud the basal margin of 2nd, .3rd and 4th abdominal segments, black; wings fusco-hyaline; central area of metathorax moderate, quadrate, rather transverse. Female. — Bright reddish-fulvous, shining, very minutely punctured; antennae half the length of the body, involute, apical half blackish. Thorax : the mesothorax shining ; a line on the collar above, the su- tures of the pleura and the spaces on each side of the seutellum, black ; seutellum slightly convex, polished, tinged with yellowish ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines tolerably distinct, the central area moderate, quadrate, slightly transverse. Wings fusco-hyaline, with a slight yellowish tinge ; nervures fuscous, pale at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs bright fulvous, polished, basal sutures of the coxse blackish. Abdomen elongate-subovate, rather robust ; basal seg- ment distinctly bilineated, finely aciculate ; basal fovea? of the 2nd seg- ment small, black, as well as the margin between them; ord and 4th segments with a narrow black band at base ; apical segments smooth and polished ; beneath tinged with yellowish ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 6^ lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. Bab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 1864.] 173 Closely resembles Irh. suturnlis Say, but is at once distinguished from that species by the slightly transverse subquadrate central area of the metathorax. I have before me numerous specimens of siitio-a/is from Mass., N. Y., N. J., Penn., Del., Va., and Illinois, and all of them have the central area large and elongate ; they vary in the black sutu- ral bands of the abdomen being sometimes indistinct, and at other times broad, especially that on the 4th segment. 56. Ich. stibfuscus, n. sp. Reddish-brown: face, basal half of antennse, and scutellura tinged with yel- lowish : apical half of antennce, sutures of thorax, and base of 2nd and 3rd ab- dominal segments, blackish ; wings fusco-hyaline ; central area of metathorax large, elongate. Femdle. — Reddish-brown ; the face and frontal orbits tinged with yellowish ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, slender, the basal half pale rufous, the remainder black. Thorax finely and indis- tinctly punctured, the mesothorax polished, the pleura indistinctly aciculate ; all the sutures, except those in front of the wings, blackish ; scutellum flat, polished, tinged with yellowish, the space on each side, including the postscutellum, blackish ; metathorax densely and finely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large and elongate. Wings long, fusco-hyaline ; nervures fuscous, testaceous at base, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs rufo-fuscous, the poste- rior tibiai at tip blackish. Abdomen rather short, robust, shining, very minutely punctured ; first segment rather broad, bilineated and finely aciculate, petiole moderate, blackish at base ; basal foveae of the 2nd segment small, slightly impressed, coarsely aciculate and blackish ; base of the 3rd and 4th segments above with a blackish band not reach- ing the lateral margins, that on the 4th segment occupies almost the basal half and is twice as broad as that on the 3rd segment ; apical segments polished ; beneath same color as above, the apical margins of the segments with a darker stain ; ovipositor subexserted. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings ll^ lines. Hal). — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. This species is allied to Ich. suturah's Say and Ich. propinquus n. sp. ; from the former it differs by the darker color, the longer antennae and wings, and the more robust form ; from propinquus it differs by the darker color, the longer antennae and in the shape of the central area of the metathorax. 174 [June 57. Ich. brevipennis. n. sp. Reddish-brown; sutures of thorax and abdomen blackish; wings short, sub- hyaline ; central area of metathorax small, transversely subquadrate. Female. — Reddish-brown, robust; antennae darker towards the tip, involute, about half the length of the body. Thorax densely and finely punctured; the sutures beneath and on each side of the scutellum, blackish ; scutellum flat, polished, tinged with yellowish ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines tolerably distinct, the central area rather small and transversely subquadrate. Wings short, sub hyaline, slightly tinged with fuliginous, the posterior pair clear ; nervures fus- cous, stigma fulvous ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs stout, reddish-brown, the posterior tibige at tips and their tarsi obfuscated. Abdomen rather short, robust ; basal segment broad, finely aciculate ; basal fovese of the 2nd segment transverse, indistinctly impressed ; basal margin of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th segments above, uai-rowly black; the basal and two or three apical segments paler in color than the rest ; ovipositor reddish, exserted about li lines. Length 5^ lines ; expanse of wings 7^ lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. In color, this species resembles Ich. suhfuscus, but is readily distin- guished by its much shorter wings. 58. Icli. sandix, n. sp. Yellowish-rufous, thorax beneath blackish, antennte tricolored : wings dark fuscous : central area of metathorax moderate, subquadrate. Female. — Dull yellowish-rufous, rather shining, feebly punctured ; antennae two-thirds as long as the body, slightly involute at tip, basal joints pale rufous, the middle yellowish, the apical joints blackish. Thorax above rufous, beneath black ; pleura with a rufous spot, tegulae and scutellum rufous, the latter flat and polished, the space on each side blackish ; metathorax rufous above, black beneath, densely and rather roughly punctured, profoundly impressed behind, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate transversely subquadrate, not well defined. Wings dark fuscous, with a strong aeneous reflection ; nervures black, stigma brown ; areolet 5-angular. Legs rufo-fulvous, coxae black, the posterior pair tinged with rufous behind. Abdomen rather short, ovate, subdepressed, basal segment broad, bilineated and slightly aciculate, peduncle slender; basal foveje of the second seg- 1864.] 175 inent small, subobsolete, apical segments slightly obfuscated ; oviposi- tor not exserted. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings 11^ lines. Hah. — New York. Mr. James Angus. 59. Ich. 1 trogiformis, n. sp Dull rufous, thorax beneath and metathorax blackish : antennsB finely sub- serrate, with a yellowish annulus ; wings blackish-violaceous ; segments of the abdomen strongly contracted at incisures. Male. — Head large, transverse, subquadrate, slightly broader than the thorax, rufous, paler in front, feebly punctured, shining; clypeus polished ; mandibles with a yellowish spot ; antennge more than half the length of the body, porrect, finely subserrate, black above, brown beneath, the four basal- joints rufous, the 14th to 20th joints yellow, apical joints gradually attenuated. Thorax densely, deeply and con- fluently punctured, the mesothorax and a large irregular stain on the pleura, rufous ; remainder of the pleura and the metathorax black, the latter sometimes tinged with rufous; the collar and scutellum tinged with yellowish, the latter rather convex ; metathorax scabrous, the elevated lines obsoletely defined, the central area small, elongate, sub- obsolete. Wings ample, blackish-violaceous ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular, rather oblique, the 2nd recurrent nervure with a process in the middle. Legs moderately long and slender, pale rufous, the tibias and tarsi tinged with yellowish ; posterior coxae black, their femora obfuscated. Abdo- men elongate, not broad, the apex incurved, densely and profoundly punctured ; the segments strongly contracted at the incisures as in the genus Trogus ; rufous; basal segment not much dilated, subconvex, deeply punctured, with a depression on each side at tip, petiole rather short and stout, blackish ; basal fovese of the 2nd segment small, rather deep ; the apical segments have the punctures gradually finer, and the last two are smooth, shining and yellowish-sericeous; beneath tinged with yellowish. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings 10 lines. Hah. — New Jersey. E. T. Cresson. This singular insect probably does not belong to this genus; in gene- ral appearance it resembles that of Tragus^ but the head is much larger, the antennge are shorter and subserrate, the areolet of the wings diff"e- rently shaped, the scutellum not elevated, and the abdomen not so broad. The structure does not satisfactorily agree with that given of 176 [June Pn'sficeros, the principal character of which seems to be the serrate antennae. (5(1. Ich. rubicundus, n. sp. Pale rufous ; antenuie with a whitish annuhis : wings subhyalinc ; eentral area of metathorax moderate, subquadrate. Fenvde. — Entirely pale rufous, densely punctured, subopaque ; face short ; antennae rather short, rufous at base, whitish in the ruiddle and piceous at tip ; scutellum slightly convex, polished ; metathorax shin- ing, finely punctured, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the cen- tral area moderate, elongate-subquadrate, polished. Wings subhyaline, the anterior pair rather strongly fuliginous, posterior pair paler ;ind iridescent ; nervures and stigma blackish, the latter whitish at base ; areolet 5-angular, the 2nd recurrent nervure angulated. Legs color of the body, the tarsi obfuscated, tips of the posterior femora and tibiae sometimes blackish. Abdomen rather stout, densely punctured ; basal segment rather broad, indistinctly bilineated and finely aciculate; basal foveas of the 2nd segment obsolete ; apical segments darker, smooth and polished; ovipositor not exserted. Length o^^ lines; expanse of wings 62 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. ()]. Ich. l8evigatus, n. sp. Rufo-ferruginous, shining; antennre with a broad yellowish aunulu-j; wings clear; central area of metathorax large, irregularly subquadrate. Female. — Entirely rufo-ferruginuus, smooth and shining ; face be- neath the antennae tinged with yellowish ; anteunse short, slightly involute, basal joint rufous, 2nd to 7th piceous, 8th to loth yellow, remaining joints blackish above, rufo-piceous beneath. Thorax finely punctured, somewhat flattened on the disk above ; scutellum flat, pol- ished, slightly tinged with yellowish ; metathorax somewhat roughly punctured, subopaque, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, irregular, slightly transverse. Wings almost hyaline, very fiiintly tinged with fuliginous; nervures blackish, fuscous at base, stigma rather large, black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs short and rather stout, color of the body, clothed with very short yellowish pubescence. Abdomen rather short, stout, smooth and polished ; basal segment not much dilated, rather convex, minutely and obsoletely aciculate, lateral mar- gins carinated, deeply incised at tip ; basal foveas of the second seg- 1864.] 177 ment very transverse and rather deeply impressed ; incisures of the segments somewhat fuscous ; ovipositor not esserted. Length 4 Unes ; expanse of wings (3 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 62. Ich. dorsalis, n. sp. Black ; middle of face, mesothorax, scutellum and abdomen, rufous ; wings dark fuscous; central area of metathorax large, transversely subquadrate. Female. — Head black, shining, middle of the face, clypeus, man- dibles, narrow frontal orbits, and the vertex and occiput, rufous ; an- tenna} as long as the thorax, involute, brown, beautifully golden-serice- ous, blackish towards the base, basal joint robust, black, shining- Thorax black, the whole of the mesothorax above and the scutellum rufous, the latter slightly convex, depressed and flattened in front and connected with the mesothorax on each side by a sharp carina ; post- scutellum with an obsolete rufous spot ; metathorax scabrous, opaque black, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area large, trans- versely subquadrate, the posterior margin bent inwards. Wings fus- cous, with a violaceous reflection ; nervures black, the stigma rufous at base ; areolet 5-angular. Legs shining black, the extreme base and apex of the femora, and the tibijii and tarsi, rufous, the tibiae va- ried with rufo-piceous. Abdomen short, robust, rufous, the petiole rather slender, black ; first segment bilineated and finely aciculate ; basal foveoe of the second segment transverse, rather deep, this and the third segment above subopaque, very densely punctured, the re- maining segments shining, the punctures less distinct ; beneath, the segments, excepting the first, are rufous with their middle obfuscated. Length 6 lines; expanse of wings 11^- lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 63. Ich. Lewisii, n. sp. Cinnamon-brown ; the pleura, metathorax, cox» and the first and base of third segments of abdomen black ; antennas tricolored ; wings dark fuscous ; central area of metathorax large and subquadrate. Female. — Head cinnamon-brown, palpi paler ; antennae more than half the length of the body, slightly involute, basal joint pale rufous, gradually shading into pale yellow, which color extends to the 18th joint, beyond which the joints are blackish above and dull rufous be- neath. Thorax black, the mesothorax above, as well as the scutellum. 178 [June dark brown, the latter polished, slightly convex and impressed ante- riorly ; metathorax scabrous, black, elevated lines not well defined, the central area large, subquadrate and somewhat transverse. Wings dark fuscous with a strong violaceous reflection ; costa and stigma except tip fulvous, nervures blackish ; areolet 5-angular. Legs pale brown, the coxae and trochanters black. Abdomen ovate, rather short and broad, cinnamon-brown, subopaque ; basal segment broad, very much dilated, confluently punctured and having a tubercle on each side ; peduncle slender; basal fovese of second segment shallow; apical seg- ments smoother and pilose ; beneath, the second and following segments are cinnamon-brown, obfuscated on their middle ; ovipositor not ex- serted. Length 6A lines; expanse of wings llA lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. The following species also seem to belong to this Section : — Irh. suturalis Say, Ich. Larise Curtis, Ich. ferrwjator Kirby, Ich. duplica- fus Say, Ich. residuus Say, Ich. hilaris Say, Ich. hifasciatus Say and Ich. pennatnr Fab., all of which are unknown to me except the first. Section 8. (U. Ich. regnatrix, 'n. sp. Large, black ; antennse with a white aunulus ; wings blackish ; central area of metathorax small, elongate, conical ; abdomen exce23tiug basal segment rufous. Female. — Black, subopaque. thinly clothed with short black pubes- cence. Head entirely black, sometimes the frontal orbits above the antennae are narrowly white ; clypeus shining, with a deep, rounded fovea on each side ; antenna? short, black, the apical half involute, flattened towards the tip, the 10th to 16th joints above white, beyond this the joints beneath are sometimes tinged with rufous. Thorax closely punctured, the mesothorax in front with an impressed line on each side not reaching the disk ; scutellum black, convex, punctured, shining; metathorax densely and confluently punctured, somewhat scabrous, opaque, the elevated lines well defined, central area small, conical, elons-ate. Wino-s blackish-fuscous, with a rather strong viola- ceous reflection; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base; areolet 5-angular, slightly oblique. Legs black, the anterior tibiae whitish in front. Abdomen elongate-subovate, minutely punc- tured, opaque rufous, the segments strongly incised and compressed at 1864.] 179 the sutures as in the genus Tragus ; basal segment black, broad at the apex, bilineated, confluently punctured ; basal foveas of the second seg- ment very deep, transverse, slightly oblique and strongly aciculate ; the two apical segments clothed above with rufous pubescence, as well as the ventral segments which are also rufous, shining. Length 11 — 12 lines ; expanse of wings 17 — 19 lines //.«/>.— Peun., Del., Va. Dr. T. B. Wilson. A fine, large species, probably the same as Say's variety of his Ich. devinctor with black scutellum and legs, but in that species the scutel- lum is flat, the central area of the metathorax is large and subquadrate, the abdomen more smoothly and finely punctured and the segments not contracted at their sutures as in rtgnatrix. This species seems very close to Ich. grandis Brulle, but among a dozen individuals I cannot find one with a yellow spot on the scutel- lum, as is mentioned by Brull6. Ich. tibialis Brulle seems to be identical with Ich. devinctor Say. 65. Ich. semicoccineus, n. sp. Black, face yellow, wings dark fuscous, abdomen bright rufous, central area of metathorax moderate, transverse. M(de. — Head black, the face beneath the antennae, narrow frontal orbits, clypeus, a spot on mandibles and the palpi yellow, the face with a large black spot on its middle, sometimes reduced to a mere dot ; antennge porrect, more than half the length of the body, black, brown- ish beneath towards the tip, basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining, finely and sparsely punctured ; scutellum slightly convex, polished, black, deeply impressed in front; njetathorax somewhat sca- brous, the elevated lines well defined, the central area transverse, mode- rate, its margin smooth and shining. Wings blackish-fuscous, with a strong aeneous reflection ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base; areolet 5-angular, slightly oblique. Legs black, the anterior and intermediate tibiae yellowish in front. Abdomen elongate, sublinear, bright rufous, opaque, the segments strongly incised ; the basal segment black, slender, rather broad at tip, bilineated ; basal foveae of the second segment deep ; beneath, the segments are yellow- ish-ferruginous. Length 8 lines; expanse of wings 12j lines. Hah. — Delaware and Viro;inia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 180 [June fif). Ich. californicus. n. sji. Black, the legs and abdomen brown ; wings dark fuscous, with a violet re- flection ; central area of metathorax narrow, transverse. Male. — Black, subopaque ; clypeus polished, mandibles and palpi piceous ; antennfB porrect, more than half the length of the body, black, tinged with piceous beneath. Thorax finely punctured ; scutel- lum convex, shining ; metathorax confluently punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area narrow, transverse. Wings dark fuscous, with a violaceous reflection ; nervures and stigma black, areolet 5-angular. Legs brown, shining, the anterior pair paler in front, the coxfie and posterior tarsi black. Abdomen elongate, compressed, opaque dark brown, densely punctured; basal segment black, biline- ated and finely aciculate ; basal foveas of second segment deep, trans- verse and oblique, near the tip of this segment is a triangular impres- sion ; apical segments smoother and somewhat shining 5 beneath pale brown. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — California. Dr. Geo. H. Horn. 67. Ich. incertus, n. sp. Black ; antennce with a whitish annulus ; legs and abdomen rufous ; wings violaceous-black ; central area of metathorax transversely subquadrate. Female. — Head and thorax black, finely and densely punctured, shining; clypeus polished, with a deeply impressed fovea on each side and a slight one on its middle ; antennas more than half the length of the body, porrect, 11th to 15th joints white, tinged with ferruginous exteriorly, apical joints beneath rufous. Thorax with an impressed line on each side of the disk anteriorly ; tegulse black ; scutellum con- vex, polished, black; postscutellum with two deep punctures ; meta- thorax densely and rather roughly punctured, the elevated lines toler- ably well defined, the central area moderate, transversely subquadrate. Wings ample, blackish-fuscous, with a deep violaceous reflection ; ner- vures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular, with 5 small hyaline spots on each side and 3 below. Legs rufous, the coxas and trochanters black, the four posterior tarsi piceous. Abdomen robust, subovate, shining, rufous, petiole black; basal segment broad, bilineated and finely aciculate ; basal foveae of the second seg- ment deep and oblique ; apical segments polished ; ovipositor not ex- serted. Length (34 lines ; expanse of wings 12 lines. Hah. — New Jersey. E. T. Gresson. 18G4.] ■ 181 Closely resembles Icli. rtijivenfri's Brulle, of which it may be a va- riety, but the annulus of the antennje is larger, the central area of metathorax is smaller and less quadrate, and the legs and the basal segment of the abdomen are rufous instead of black. The size and general appearance is much the same in both species. 68. Ich. virginicus, n. sp. Black; autennse witli a white annulus: abdomen rufous; wings hyaline; central area of metathorax small, conical, polished. Female. — Head large, black, face short, densely punctured, clothed with pale pubescence, prominent in the middle, with a small tubercle beneath the insertion of each antenna; frontal orbits, interrupted on each side of the antennae, yellowish ; clypeus short and very transverse, with a deep fovea on each side, apical margin depressed, smooth and tinged with rufo-piceous ; mandibles large, black, polished ; palpi yel- lowish-white ; antenna3 short, involute, black, 7th to 18th joints above white, apical joints beneath tinged with rufous, basal joint very robust, remaining joints short, submoniliform. Thorax black, shining, closely punctured, clothed with a very fine pale glittering pubescence; tegulas piceous, before which there is a short, narrow white line ; scutellum black, rather flat, densely punctured ; metathorax black, densely and strongly punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area rather small, subconical, smooth and polished. Wings clear, nervures and stigma black, areolet 5-angular or subtriangular, rather oblique, the 2nd recurrent nervure angular. Legs short and stout, black, the tibise and tarsi piceous, clothed with very short, sparse, yellowish pu- bescence; femora short and thick. Abdomen short, subovate, slender at base, finely punctured, shining, rufous, the petiole blackish ; basal segment bilineated, densely and rather deeply punctured ; basal fovea? of the second segment small, not deep ; apical segments polished ; ovi- positor not exserted. Length 6 lines ; expanse of wings 10 lines. //(«/>.— Virginia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. This may be identical with Ich. detritus Brulle, but is rather doubt- ful. It is however distinct from any other species known to me. 69. Ich. Syphax, n. sp. Black, glossy ; antennfe involute, with a whitish annulus ; wings subhya- line ; abdomen ferruginous ; central area of metatliorax large, quadrate. Female. — Head and thoi*ax black, shining, closely punctured ; cly- 182 . [June pens with a deep fovea on each side; antennje black, slender, invokite. the 9th to 14th joints whitish above ; scutellum slightly convex, black, polished, impunctnred ; metathorax finely scabrous, opaque, the ele- vated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate and slightly transverse. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuscous ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base; areolet 5-augular. Legs black, shining; the anterior tibiae and tarsi in front, pale. Abdo- men elongate-ovate, ferruginous, convex above especially towards the apex which is polished; basal segment black, rather broad, bilineated and minutely punctured, petiole slender. Length 7i lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. //aJ._Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 70. Ich. limbifrons, n. sp. Black; lateral margins of the face white; legs and abdomen, except base and apex, rufous ; wings subhyaline ; central area of metathorax moderate, subconical. 31ale. — Black, finely punctured ; lateral margins of the face and a spot on each side of the clypeus, white; antenna? more than half the length of the body, porrect, entirely opaque black. Thorax and scu- tellum entirely black, somewhat shining, the latter slightly convex ; metathorax finely punctured, shining, the elevated lines well defined, the central area moderate, subconical, rounded in front, indented be- hind. Wings subhyaline, tinged with fuliginous and iridescent ; ner- vures and stigma black ; areolet subtriangular. Legs rufous, the ante- rior pair yellowish, the coxa8 and trochanters black, the tai'si obfus- cated. Abdomen elongate, rather slender, shining, rufous, the petiole, disk of the 5th and the two apical segments, black ; basal segment not much dilated, indistinctly bilineated, punctured ; basal foveas of the 2nd segment deep and oblique ; beneath colored same as above. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 5f lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 71. Ich. exiguus, n. sp. Black, polished ; abdomen and legs rufous ; wings hyaline ; central area of metathorax small, lunate. Female. — Black, poli-shed, indistinctly punctured; face short, slightly pubescent; mandibles mostly rufous; antennge short, piceous, basal joint beneath rufous. Thorax smooth and polished ; scutellum rather flat ; 1864.] 183 metathorax finely punctured, tlie elevated lines well defined, the central area very small, lunate. Wings hyaline, iridescent; nervures and stig- ma black; areolet 5-angular. Legs rufous; posterior coxae black. Ab- domen short and stout, subovate, smooth and polished, rufous ; basal segment broad, obsoletely aciculate ; basal foveae of the 2nd segment obsolete ; ovipositor not exerted. Length 2^ lines ; expanse of wings 4^ lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 72. Ich. rufizonatus, n. sp. Black; antennae with a narrow white annulus ; wings subhyaline; second and third segments of abdomen ferruginous ; central area of metathorax large and quadrate. Female. — Black, shining; clypeus polished, with a -deep fovea on each side ; antennae about half the length of the body, black, sericeous beneath, the 9th to 12th joints white above. Thorax closely punctured ; scutellum slightly convex, punctured ; metathorax finely scabrous, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate, slightly elongate. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuliginous, and hav- ing a faint metallic reflection ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the anterior tibiae and tarsi in front whitish. Abdomen elongate-ovate, black, convex above and polished towards the apex ; basal segment bilineated, minutely punctured, petiole slen- der; second and third segments ferruginous above and beneath. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — New Jersey. E. T. Cresson. 73. Ich. involutus, n. sp. Black, polished : antennae strongly involute, legs and the 2nd .nnd :^rd seg- ments of the abdomen rufous ; wings fuliginous ; central area of metathorax large, quadrate, polished. Female. — Black, polished, finely punctured; face short; clypeus very transverse, with a large deep puncture on each side; mandibles rufous, cheeks with scattering puncturns ; antennae short, strongly in- volute, black, apical two-thirds tinged with rufous, and densely clothed with yellowish-sericeous pubescence, basal joint robust, globose, rufous beneath. Thorax closely and finely punctured, indistinctly so on the disk above which is polished ; scutellum rather flat, polished ; meta- thorax densely punctured, subopaque, the elevated lina« not well de- 184 [June fined, the central area large, quadrate, polished. Wing^ fuliginous ; nervures and stigma black; areolet 5-angular or subtriaugular. Legs yellowish rufous, the coxae tinged with piceous, the tarsi obfuscated at tips. Abdomen stout, subovate, polished, finely and uniformly punc- tured, indistinctly so at tip ; basal segment rather broad at tip. biline- ated, black, its extreme apical margin rufous, as well as the whole of the 2nd and ord segments except the apical margin of the latter which is blackish ; remaining segments black ; basal foveas of the 2nd seg- ment obsolete ; beneath as above 3 ovipositor not exserted. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 6 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Ich. rufiventru Brulle and Ich. detritus BruUe also belong to this Section, the last of which is unknown to me. Section 9. 74. Ich. terminalis. n. sp. Rufous, head, mesothorax, pleura and apical segments, except a white spot at tip, blackish ; antennae with a white aunulus ; scutellum yellow ; wings clear; central area of metathorax moderate, subquadrate. Female. — Head blackish, palpi pale 5 antennae about half the length of the body, slightly involute, the basal joints somewhat rufous, the 9th to l4th joints pure white, the apical joints brown-black. Tho- rax minutely punctured, black, with a large rufous stain on the pleura ; tegulge pale rufous ; scutellum flat, polished, pale yellow ; metathorax densely punctured, entirely pale rufous, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area subquadrate. Wings hyaline, iridescent ; nervures fuscous, stigma pale ] areolet 5-angular or subtriaugular, the 2nd recurrent nervure sinuate. Legs pale rufous, tips of the posterior femora and tibiae blackish, their tai'si obfuscated. Abdomen stout, subovate, pale rufous ; petiole slender ; basal segment bilineated, pol- ished ; 2nd and 3rd segments finely and densely punctured, the basal foveae of the former obsolete ; apical segments smooth and polished ; the 4th, except its basal margin, and the remaining segments black ; a small spot on the middle of the 6th and the whole of the 7th above, pure white ; ovipositor not exserted. Length 3^ lines ; expanse of winiis 5i lines. //a ^.—Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 1864.] 185 75. Ich. soror, n. sp. Yellnwish-rufous ; autennfe with a white annulus; scutellura, the four ante- rior coxte and a spot on apical segment of abdomen yellowish; wings clear ; central area of metathorax moderate, subrotundate. Female. — Yellowish-rufous, shining ; antennae short, blackish, the 9th to 15th joints white, basal joint beneath rutbus. Thorax above slightly tinged with fuscous; tegulae and a short line beneath the wings, surrounded by a blackish spot, yellowish ; scutellum flat, polished, yel- lowish, with a subobsolete pale spot behind, space on each side black- ish ; metathorax finely punctured, the elevated lines not well defined, the central area moderate, subrotundate, polished. Wings hyaline, very faintly fuliginous, iridescent; nervures and stigma fuscous, the latter pale at base ; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular, the 2nd recur- rent nervure sinuate. Legs pale rufous, the four anterior coxae yellow, the tips of the posterior femora and tibiae, and their tarsi, blackish. Abdomen robust, subovate, shining; basal segment rather broad, bilin- eated, polished ; 2nd and 3rd segments finely punctured, apical seg- ments polished ; last segment above yellow ; beneath tinged with yel- low; ovipositor not exserted. Length 3 lines ; expanse of wings 5 lines. //;,A._Delaware. Dr. T. B. Wilson. 76. Ich. velox, n. sp. Reddish-brown : antennee with a broad white annulus : thorax beneath blackish: wings hyaline: central area of metathorax large, quadrate; apical segment of abdomen with a yellow sjDot. Female. — Reddish-brown ; clypeus and occiput blackish ; antennae about half the length of the body, black, tip slightly involute, the 9th to 16th joints white. Thorax black ; mesothorax above brown, as well as the tegulse, a spot beneath the wings, the scutellum and the anterior margin of the metathorax; scutellum flat, punctured, shining; meta- thorax finely punctured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area large, quadrate. Wings long, ample, hyaline ; nervures fuscous, stigma paler; areolet 5-angular or subtriangular. Legs reddish-brown, the intermediate and posterior femora in part black, the latter almost entirely so. xVbdomen elongate-ovate, reddish-brown, subopaque, shin- ing at tip ; basal foveee of the second segment transverse ; apical seg- ment with a large yellow spot above ; beneath brownish. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 9 lines. Hab. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 19.Q [June This species belongs to this Section, and was accidentally omitted in the Table given on page 135 ; the scutellum and last abdominal seg- ment differs in color from that stated in the Table, which should there- fore be amended to read as follows : — Section 9.— Scutellum yellow or red ; abdomen red or red and black, apex white or yellow Sp. 74 — 76 Genus ISCHNUS, Grav. Under this genus, I have placed those species which only differ from Ichneumon, in the basal segment of the abdomen being smooth and polished, while those of the latter genus have that segment more or less ru2:2red. *oe^ 1. Isch. jejunus. n. sp. Black ; face, two lines or a sjjot on mesothorax, and scutellum, white : wings subhyaline : central area of raetathorax small, slightly elongate. Male. — Black ; the iace beneath the antennEe, orbits, clypeus, spot on mandibles and the palpi, white ; antennae porrect, more than half the length of the body, black, basal joint beneath white. Thorax closely punctured ; the teguU^, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, and two lines or a spot on the disk of mesothorax, white; scutellum flat, punctured, white; metathoras confluently punc- tured, the elevated lines well defined, the central area small, subconi- cal, rather elongate. Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged with fuscous; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black, the two anterior pairs in front, their coxae beneath, and the base of the poste- rior tibiae exteriorly, whitish. Abdomen long and slender, subcylin- drical, finely punctured, black with a slight bluish tinge ; peduncle slender, the tip of the basal segment only slightly dilated, subconvex, rather smooth and shining; basal foveas of the second segment small and deep; apical segments smooth and shining. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. ffah. — Illinois (Dr. Saml. Lewis) ; Massachusetts (F. G. Sanborn). 2. Isch. sublatus, n. sp. Black ; face, scutellum. two spots on metathorax and the four anterior legs, white ; wings hyaline : central area of metathorax small, rotundate or slightly subquadrate. Male. — Head black, the face, orbits very wide on the cheeks, cly- peus, mandibles and palpi, white ; antennas porrect, almost as long as the body, black, the basal joint beneath white. Thorax black; a spot 1864.] 187 on the disk of mesothorax, the tegulse, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the anterior wings, a spot beneath the posterior wings, and the collar above, white ; scutellum flat, whitish, with a short trans- verse whitish line behind it ; metathorax somewhat finely punctured, shining, a rather large whitish spot on each side behind, the elevated lines well defined, the central area small, rotundate or slightly subquad- rate. Wings hyaline, faintly fuliginous at tips ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black ; the anterior pair, excepting the femora behind, the intermediate pair with the eoxae beneath, the trochanters, the tarsi, and the femora and tibiae exteriorly, white ; the basal half of the posterior tibiae and tarsi at base, also white. Abdo- men elongate, subcylindrical, slender, black, immaculate, minutely punctured, shining ; basal segments slender, subconvex, rather smooth ; basal fovese of the second segment small, not deep ; beneath black. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11? lines. ^a6.— Illinois (Dr. Saml. Lewis) ; Virginia (Dr. T. B. Wilson). Same form as Zsr/;.jV'/»»»s, but that species has the antennae shorter and the metathorax immaculate. 3. Isch. proximus. n. sp. Black; antenute with abroad white aiinulus : face, scutellum, two short lines on mesothorax, two spots on metathorax and the anterior legs in part, white ; wings hyaline ; central area of metathorax small, quadrate. Male. — Head black ; the face beneath the antennre, broad orbits, clypeus, spot on mandibles, and the palpi, white ; antennae porrect, three-fourths the length of the body, the 17th to 23rd joints, and the basal joint beneath, white. Thorax black, shining, sparsely punctured above, closely beneath ; mesothorax with the dorsal lines well im- pressed ; tegulae, a broad sutural line before and a short one beneath the wings, the collar above and two short lines on the disk of mesotho- rax, white ; scutellum rather flat, smooth and shining, white, as well as a transverse spot behind it ; metathorax confluently punctured, black, with two white spots behind, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area small and subquadrate. Wings hyaline ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs black ; anterior and middle pairs with their coxae beneath, the trochanters, femora, tibiae and tarsi in front, white, tips of tarsi blackish ; posterior pair with their coxae behind and the extreme two-thirds of their tibice, also white. Abdomen 188 [June elongate, subcylindrical, black, densely and finely punctured ; 1st seg- ment convex above, smootli and polished, not much wider than the peduncle ; foveae of the 2nd segment small ; apical segments gradually smoother and more shining ; beneath black. Length 7 lines ; expanse of wings II2 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. Eesembles Isch. sublatus, and may prove to be a variety of it. 4. Isch. Wilsoni, n. sp. Black; the face, scutellum, legs, and 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments yel- low ; wings subhyaline. 31ale. — Head black ; the face beneath the antennae, orbits, inter- rupted behind near the summit and broad above base of mandibles, clypeus, mandibles except base and apex, and the palpi, yellow ; an- tennae slender, more than half the length of the body, porrect, black- ish-brown above with a very narrow pale annulus in the middle, cover- ing two or three joints, beneath pale fulvous, darker towards the apex ; basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining, finely punctured, clothed with very short, fine, pale sericeous pubescence ; tegula), a short sutural line before and another beneath the wings, yellow ; scutellum rather convex, polished, yellow ; metathorax black, finely punctured, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area rather small, sub- quadrate, rather elongate. Wings subhyaline, slightly fuliginous ; ner- vures fuscous, paler at base, stigma pale fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs yellow, the posterior coxae, their femora and tips of their tibiI2,I2srTEX) BY THE SOGIETTT. €rL-^^acrac^^n^^^j<§ ^g^^ §^^g^i;Q^gQ.gcgQ.^ 1804.] . 197 STATED MEETING, July 11. President Bland in the Chair. A communication was read from Mr. Bland reporting the capture by him in New Jersey, during June, of the following Coleoptera : — Alaus m^opg, Boras unlcolor^ Htlops gracilis, Brontes fhibius and Elater rubricof/is, under the bark of pine trees; Cacoplia pruinosa on the Oak, and Strnn//alia acuminata and Leptura nitens on flowers. On July 4th he captured a considerable number of Ancylochira linc- ata and also its supposed variety maculipennis. Mr. Bland expressed his doubts about macidipennis being a variety of lineata, as each spe- cies seems to have their distinct markings and not varying so as to make one have the least resemblance to the other ; they were both taken from the same kind of tree, and each species were found in coitu and in no instance were they amalgamating. Ou the same day he cap- tured two fine specimens of Chrijsohofhris concinnula Lee, on the Oak being, to his knowledge, the first specimens collected in this locality, the typical specimen having been taken in Missouri. Acanthodc.res decipie7is, Liopus varicf/atus, Eapogonius tomentosus, Pogonocherns mixtus, Adrastus testacms and Megapenthes rufilahris were part of the captures by beating bushes. Also the following communication from Mr. H. F. Bassett, dated Waterbury, Conn., June 28th, 1864: — I have this afternoon discovered a fact relating to the Cynips, or to one spe- cies rather (C. q. operator Osten Sacken), which you may, if you think proper, communicate to the Society at your next meeting. It seems to me to be quite important, throwing light upon some of the most difficult questions relating to the economy of this family. Baron Osten Sacken {Proa. Ent. Soc. Philad. I. p. 248) asks, " Have the gall- flies of the Oak-ai)ples one or two generations?" and at the close of his remarks on that subject declares " the question still undecided." The same subject is referred to in an earlier article on the Cynipidse {Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. I. p. 51), when speaking of his C. q. palusfris, a species that appears in May. He asks: " May not this gall-fly have a second generation, and if it has, may not the gall of this second generation be different from the first produced, as it would be under different circumstances, in a more advanced season, jserhaps, on leaves instead of buds?" Dr. Fitch states {N. Y. Pep. II. ^315, p. 33), that C. q. seminator Harris, pro- 198 [July duces two generations each year. — the first (second?) appearing in July, from the well-known wooly gall on the white oak, the last producing a somewhat similar autumnal gall from which the insect emerges the following spring. I have not until this spring seen anything that favored this view. Early this spring I reared a species of gall-fly, in considerable abundance, from galls gathered in the winter that are identical, I am quite sure, with the C. q. batatus Fitch, (I think Dr. Fitch has described an inquilinae that I have reared from the same gall in great abundance, and not the insect producing the gall — I am not sure however,) and ten days ago a large number from green galls on the same trees, evidently the same though then green and succulent. I think the .June crop restock the galls with eggs that are developed the follow- ing spring. Certain species of galls are usually abundant this season, in this section . Those of C. q. operator 0. S.. can be gathered by the bushel. The flies have now nearly all appeared and I have watched them carefully to learn if possible whether the females deposited any eggs, and if so. whether they were deposited in the young leaf-buds. I have reared thousands of the flies and have seen thousands more within a few days on the leaves of the shrub-oak, but have not been able to find any in the act of ovipositing until this afternoon. On visiting a shrub-oak ( Q. ilicifolia) thicket this afternoon I found hundreds of C q. operator with the ovipositor, (nearly twice the length of the body.) in- serted the full length into the cups of the young acorns. The acorn, as yet, projects scarcely at all above the cup and the fly alighting on the edge of the cup inserts its ovipositor near the acorn but not touching it. I cut out the ovipositor of twelve or fifteen and found that their points did not touch, or at least penetrate the acorn, but seemed to curve around it so that they were almost directly under it. I did not in any case find more than one fly to a cup. Those who have studied this family and have felt how difficult it is to ac- count for the appearance of some of the vernal species, will appreciate the value of a discovery that will jjrobably solve the mystery and that may possi- bly clear up the subjects of '" agamous species" and "dimorphism." I am inclined to think the larva now deposited will remain in the larva state until next spring, but shall not be surprised to learn they produce an autum- nal brood that depofit their eggs in the matured leaf-buds. I shall await, im- patiently, further developments. Many interesting questions arise as to what tnese developments maybe. Will the gallflies agree specifically \\\i\x the pa- rent, — when will they appear, and how many of our species will be found to produce two broods, and how many (jf our autumnal species are dimorphous forms of vernal species ? I am sure all do not produce two broods. C. q. punctata (nobis), for instance, which appeared in April, and whose galls apjieared a few weeks later and pro- duced no flies till the next April. That you may see that I am not mistaken, I send you with this a few acorns with the fly still attached. They were killed by immersing in boiling water. 18G4.] 199 Also the followino- communication from Beverly K. Morris, M. D., .dated Toronto, Canada West, July 8th, 1864 : — " PoLYOMMATiTs PORSKXSA : — I took four specimens of this beautiful and rare insect on the 24th of May, 1864, at the Huraber Plains, four miles west of To- ronto and about a quarter of a mile from the lake shore, on the first road lead- ing into the country beyond where the railway crosses the high-road. The day was not very warm, though fine : the insects were not very active : at first I thought I saw a specimen of L. phlceas, but I soon found out I had something new to me. They flew on in front of the horse, and I only saw them in the road. On June loth, 1864, in company with Messrs. Saunders, Hubbut and Cowdry, I visited the same place, and we succeeded in taking in all about ten specimens. They were this day very active and diflBcult to capture, and were met with in open parts of the woods as well as on the road." The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — '" On the Pupa of the Ephemerinous genus Bajtisca, Walsh, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A." " Descriptions of new North American Coleoptera, by James H. B. Bland." And were referred to Committees. On ballot, Charles C. Cresson, M. D., was elected a Resident Mem- ber of the Society. STATED MEETING, August 8. President Bland in the Chair. The following papers were presented for publication in the Pro- ceedings : — " On certain Entomological Speculations of the New England School of Naturalists, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A." " Description of three new species of Cochliopodina, by Tryon Rea- kirt." And were referred to Committees. On report of the Committee, the following paper was ordered to be published. 200 [August b a On the Pupa of the Ephemerinous genus B^TISCA Walsh. BY BENJ. D. WALSn, M. A. The pup;i that forms the subject of the present Article, and of the female of which a figure is annexed, has been known to me for four years ; but it was not till the present year that I succeeded in breeding the subi- mas;o from it. Tt diifers from all de- scribed Ephemerinous pupae in the an- tennae being eight-jointed or thereabouts, not multiarticulate.and also in the bran- ch\iG being internal and not used for lo- comotive purposes; and from all known larvae and pupie, and indeed from all known hexapod insects in any of their states, in the pro- meso- and meta-uotum being; connate and confluent and extend- ing over one-half of the abdomen in the form of a large, dilated, convex carapace or shield, thus giving the insect a very Crustacean appear- ance. In the Orthopterous genus Tetrix and the Homopterous Mem- hracidse, as is well known, it is by a prolongation of the prothorax alone that the body of the insect is almost entirely concealed and cov- ered above. In certain of the Heteropterous ScutellcriJse and in the foreign Chalcididous genera Thoracantha and G^rt^'aria(Hymenoptera). and the Indian Muscidous genus Celyphus (Diptera), it is by a pro- longation of the mesoscutellum that the abdomen is almost entirely concealed above. But in all these cases the other thoracic segments are clearly distinguishable. I had sent a 9 specimen of the above pupa to Dr. Hagen in 1863, and subjoin his remarks on it, translating from the original French MS. :— The larva No. CO is the most extraordinary animal that I have seen, so that I asked myself whether it really belonged to Inseeta. But there is u<> doubt of the fact of its being the larva of a hexapod insect. The large com- pound eyes determ.ine at once its position as belonging to those insects which liave an incomplete metamorphosis, and therefore to Orthoj^tera,* or Hemiptera. 'According; to Erichson's and Sieboldt's views Dr. Ha'jn refers Pseudoneu- 1864.] 201 As to Hemijttera, its mandibulate mouth excludes that Order. There remains therefore only the order Orthoptera. of which there are only three families witli aquatic larvse — Odonata, Perlina, and Ephemerina. The larvae of Odo- nata always have the labium transformed into a well-known species of mask, which is not found here. It cannot therefore belong to Odonata. Perlina have only two caudal setas, instead of three. There remains Ephemerina, and I believe that it belongs there, in spite of the antennae being, as you observe, eight-jointed, and the absence of branchiae. Possibly, however, there are bran- chife to the four basal segments of the abdomen, for I see something under the carapace, but do not choose to ruin a unique specimen by a more violent exam- ination. On inspecting the beautiful Ephemerina previously received from you, my eyes accidentally fell upon Bcetisca obesa. Its robust form strikingly resembles that of this larva, when viewed at a distance. After a minute examination I believe that I am sure that this larva belongs to the genus Bcetisca, and proba- bly to Bcetisca obesa; that is to say so far as one can be sure without actually breeding the imago. The head and the oviparous lamina are alike, and the carapace is represented in the imago, and even the groove on the dorsum of the abdomen that fits into the tip of the carapace.* But there is a sort of enigma here : for according to physiological and anatomical laws, we cannot understand how the pro- meso- and meta-thorax can be all soldered together in the larva. On the whole, it is about the most extraordinary larva known to science. Those who are aware of the practical difficulty of correlating an in- sect, known only in the larva or pupa state, with its imago, will appre- ciate the successful acumen of the above analysis. One additional fea- ture, by which the imago strikingly recals the larva and pupa, is not referred to by Dr. Hagen. In the characters of the genus Bsetisca, I noticed that '' the fifth abdominal joint is twice as long as any of the roptera to Orthoptera. See Monogr. Calopt. p. 1, note, and Monogr. Gomphin, p. 1, note: also LeCoute's Introd. Class. Coleopt. p. viii, note. It is not quite true, as suggested in the last passage by Baron Osten Sacken, that Pseudoueu- roptera, as contradistinguished from Orthoptera, are "essentially aeriaZ, passing the greater portion of the time on the wing." In Odonata, indeed, this is the case, but Perlina and Psocina, and especially Psocina, to say nothing of Ter- mitina, pass the greater portion of their time on trees, like the Orthopterous Catydids and tree-crickets. * In the imago, as is usual in Ephemerina, the pro- and meso-thorax are sepa- rated by a free suture, and the meso- and meta-thorax by a connate suture, but the meso-scutellum extends over the abdomen to the tip of the first, or what some would call the scrond abdominal joint, thus simulating the carapace of the larva. The transverse, medial, sinuate carina on the 5th abdominal dorsal is remarkably distinct and strongly recals that found in the pupa, though it is not nearlv so much elevated. 202 [August others, which are subequal." {Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., Sept. 1862, p. 378.) This is not known to be the case, so far as I am aware, in any other Ephemerinous imago. We can understand now why it should be so here. In the pupa this joint is abnormally developed to receive the tip of the cai-apace, and therefore, as is not unfrequently the case, traces of the same arrangement are found in the imago, though there are no longer the same special functions performed by the part. There is a feature, too, in the ornamentation of its legs which indicates that it belongs to Ephemerina, and not to Odonata as I had myself originally suspected. They are fasciate, not vittate ; and I have already observed that Odonata never have fasciate legs, and might have added that, so far as known to me, Ephemerina never have vittate legs. (See Proa. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., Sept. 1862, p. 383.) It will have been noticed that Dr. Hagen calls the insect which I sent him, and which was identical in every respect with the one figured above, a larva and not a pupa. Authors generally tell us that in In- secta the pupa is distinguishable from the larva by having rudimentary wings, with the exception of course of those genera {Diaphcromera, Phaphidophora, &c.) which have no wings whatever in the imago state. Probably from the fact of there being no external wings in this insect, as in all other known Pseudoneuropterous pupae, Dr. Hagen supposed it to be in the larva state. The above, however, is only another ano- maly in this most anomalous creature. I have a specimen in alcohol from which the subimago has partly emerged, and which must neces- sarily therefore be in the pupa state ; yet it has no external wings and the subimaginal wings lie flatly under the interior surface of the cara- pace; neither indeed had any of my other specimens any external wings. It is, I think, a mistake to suppose that in lusecta the possession of rudi- mentary wings is peculiar to the pupa as distinguished from the larva. Many insects that I have bred, e. g. a Psyllade inhabiting a gall on the hackhen-y (Celtis occidentalis), exhibit distinct rudimentary wings before their final moult into the pupa state ; and I believe it is gene- rally so with Pseudoneuroptera and Orthoptera, and probably in all those Orders which have an active pupa. Unless, indeed, which is contrary to all analogy, we choose to believe that an insect can moult after assuming the pupa and before assuming the imago state, and so consider it as a pupa as soon as the rudimentary wings begin to be 1864.] 203 developed, which in many Orthoptera saltatoria is at a very early period. The rule, however, seems to be, that in the larva state an insect moults about four times, and after assuming the pupa state not at all, until its final moult into the subimago or imago state. And this is shown clearly in those Orders (Coleoptera, the true Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, Lepi- doptera and Diptera) which have a quiescent pupa, 'and where conse- quently the line of demarcation between the larva and pupa states is clearly drawn. Consequently, if this be a correct view of the case, just as in Perlina, Ephemerina, Odonata, &c., both the mature larva and the pupa have distinct external rudimental wings, so in the genus Bsetisca neither the mature larva nor the pupa has them. And if the above considerations are correct, in none of these instances can the mature larva be distinguished from the pupa, except by ascertaining whether it has undergone its final moult before assuming the subimago or imago states. As regards Bsetisca obesa, none of my specimens moulted while in my possession, and therefore those from which I bred the subimago must have been pupae when I obtained them. The others, some of which were much smaller and might have been larvae, after I had kept them in water alive for six or seven days, were either dis- .sected or placed in alcohol, without awaiting their further development. If any additional proof was required to establish the validity of my genus Bsetisca, which is itself suSiciently remarkable in its characters, all drawn from the imago, the discovery of the very anomalous cha- racters of its pupa would amply supply the deficiency. Genus B^TISCA— Pupa. Head freely moveable and connected with the thorax by membrane, with two horizontally porrect horns springing from above the anterior edge of the front, which are sometimes simply elongate-triangular, sometimes both of them deeply emarginate on the interior edge so as to present the appearance of a long exterior and a short interior horn, .sometimes only one of them thus emarginate (as shown in Fig. I.) An- terior edge of front strongly carinate, deeply and widely emarginate in the middle opposite the labrum and less deeply so on each side. Epistoma scarcely extending forwards beyond the central emargination of the front, and separated from the labrum by a very distinct and Jeep transverse suture. Labrum moderate, transverse. Mandibles 204 [August moderate, normal, appressed to the moutli and not extending forwards in the form of a horn. No palpi visible externally. Labium large, subquadrate, rather wider than long and not emarginate. Eyes S large and almost contiguous ; eyes 9 much smaller and separated by a space equal to one-half the diameter of the head, with distinct rudiments of the two posterior ocelli between them. Antennte (Fig. II.) inserted in a large but shallow cavity before the eyes, eight-jointed or there- abouts, the joints rather indistinct with appearances in some specimens of a 9th long and slender setiform joint. Thorax with the pro- meso- and meta-notum confluently soldered together in the form of a large convex shield, which has an inflected lateral flange for its entire length like the epipleura of the Coleopterous elytrum, and the tip of which fits accurately into a transversely sinuate medial groove on the fifth dorsal joint of the abdomen, immediately behind which groove runs a transverse carina. On the lateral edge of this shield about t of the way to its tip, and also on the side of its dorsum about | of the way to its tip, there projects a large flattened triangular tooth, the lateral teeth (Fig. I. a) directed outwards, the dorsal teeth directed out- wards and upwards and prolonged both forwards and backwards in an acute carina or elevated and angulated ridge. From the central point of the dorsum of this shield there extends obliquely forwards on each side a wide, shallow, ill-defined stria or depression which terminates before it reaches the latei-al edo;e, the two striae forming with each other from their origin an angle of about 90°. These striae probably represent the suture between the pi'O- and meso-notum. Along the whole length of this shield, but obscurely interrupted before its middle and again just before its tip, extends a not very acute dorsal carina. Prosternum divided throughout by a suture, which is apparently con- nate, from the meso-sternum. Meso- and meta-sterna confluent with each other, as well as all the episterna and epimera. Central piece of sternum truncate in front, about as wide between the front legs as the anterior acetabulum, with the suture behind the front legs transverse, thence gradually widening to double its former width a little behind the middle legs, thence to its posterior edge, which is squarely truncate, with its sides nearly parallel. Abdomen 9-jointed dorsally, 8-jointed ventrally, joints S and 9 being ventrally confluent. The dor.sal joints 1 — 4 and the anterior i of 5 soft and membranous, except a narrow lateral piece. 1864.] 205 Joint 1 lias attached to its lateral base a large, pale, fleshy branchia (Fig. III. a) full of dai-k-colored interlacing vessels, above the origin of which lies a much smaller flap-like piece (Fig. III. h) apparently de- void of vessels. Joints 2 — 4 have on each side a very distinct spi- racle, to exhibit which in Fig. Ill, the left branchia is removed. Joint 5 is twice as long as any of the others, which are subequal, and rises upwards abruptly and almost vertically from its hind margin into a transversely sinuate carina to receive the tip of the thoracic shield, whence it is suddenly depressed downwards and forwards so as to leave a cavity under the tip of the shield for the two branchiae to work in, the shield being attached by membrane to the inferior portion of the thorax, but only in front of the abdomen. Caudal setae three, equal in length and diameter, multiarticulate and very finely pilose, the pilosity indistinct except when the insect is alive and in the water, when it is very obvious. Legs with the tarsi one-jointed and bearing a single robust claw, the tibiae exceedingly short and connate with the tarsus. No external wings. The % difiers from the 9 , not only in its much larger eyes, but in being considerably slenderer. In the only known species belonging to this genus {B. obesa Say, Walsh) the general color of the pupa is dull brown, variably marked above and below with luteous. The legs are luteous with the tarsus, tibia and femur each medially but irregularly fiisciate with brown, and the femur with also a superior basal brown spot. Its general consist- ence is pretty firm. The habits of this species are to frequent clear, rapidly-running riv- ers, and to attach themselves in repose to the under surface of sub- merged stones. Their food must consist almost exclusively of minute particles of matter floating in the water, for of two which I bred to the subimago state and two which partially attained that state — mak- ing four in all — three lived for over five and one for six or seven days in a glass vessel in clear but unfiltered cistern water, changed every twenty-four hours and containing no solid substance whatever but a piece of floating cork. I had originally placed a specimen in water containing several dead aquatic larvaj and some jelly-like masses, pro- bably confervge, which occurred in its natural station ; but on noticing that it repeatedly crawled over such substances in an unconcerned man- ner, I placed them all in simple water. It is singular that, neither in 206 [August the water nor out of the water, did I ever observe the antennae to be diseno;aa;ed from the lower surface of the breast and thrust forwards. They crawl quite slowly, but swim very rapidly, the caudal set?e being the chief organ of motion in swimming, and the legs being only used occasionally to direct their coui-se. When swimming the caudal setje and the tip of the abdomen are directed upwards and backwards at an angle of 45° with the body, and with this as the axis of oscillation are vibrated vigorously and rapidly up and down. When desirous of rapidly changing their course, they have the power of elevating the tip of the abdomen and setae so as to lie along the dorsum of the shield, and then suddenly lashing out with them. I noticed that in repose they sometimes adhered to the under surface of the floating cork for hours together, and sometimes to its side, so that their body would be half in and half out of the water. When they were taken out of the water the tip of the notal shield generally after a few seconds gaped apart from the fifth dorsal joint of the abdomen, and the pal- pitations and structure of the branchife became plainly visible under the shield. The reason is obvious. They were then compelled to breathe through their spiracles, instead of through their branchiae. The pupa crawls out of the water to assume the subimago state, which process is performed by the notal shield splitting open dorsally in a straight line from end to end, and the head being disengaged back- wards from the pupal head without splitting it. Described from S specimens, some living, some alcoholic, procured in the Mississippi Rapids, June 5 — 11; the first subimago appeared June 13, from a specimen obtained June 5. Length % (one specimen) 7 millimetres. 9 (one specimen) 7 2 mill. Breadth % 0-4- mill. 9 4 mill. Setae % 21 mill. 9 2J mill. Rock Island, Illinois, July 1, 1864. 1864.] 207 STATED MEETING, September 12. President Bland in the Chair. On report of the respective Committees, the following Papers were ordered to be published. ON CERTAIN ENTOMOLOGICAL SPECULATIONS OF THE NEW ENGLAND SCHOOL OF NATURALISTS. BY BENJ. D. WALSH, M. A. I. In Prof. Agassiz's Book on Lake Superior, he asserts in the most unqualified manner that the Insects of the temperate zone of North America " differ specifically throughout" from those of Europe. And subsequently he remarks that '' quite a number of European insects have been introduced into this country along with plants, among which may be mentioned some showy butterflies, as Vmo sapiens Lin. — -common to both continents, though the American variety differs so remarkably from the European one, that if an American insect dif- fered as much from a European one it would undoubtedly be con- sidered as a distinct species; — for these three reasons, arguing a priori., it might be reasonably inferred that out of the vast multitude of insects there would be at least a few species indigenous on both sides of the At- lantic. Yet, owing to the preponderant influence exerted for many years back over American naturalists by Prof. Agassiz, most entomologists in this country have hitherto either tacitly acquiesced in his theories or become devoted believers in them. Hence the American describers of new species of insects have generally been content with ascertaining, that a species supposed to be new had not been hitherto described as American, and have troubled their heads but little as to whether the same species might not have been described as exotic. Had it been other- wise, many more species would probably have been found to be com- mon to the New and Old Worlds than it is possible now to point out. Latterly, however, in two Orders* — Neuroptera and Diptera — the * I use the term Orders here aud throughout in the ordinary sense of the term. Agassiz considers Insects, Crustaceans and Worms as the three Classes of Annulata, and Insects he subdivides into three Orders — Winged Insects, Arachnida (Spiders, kc.) and Myriapoda (Centipedes, Ac). What are usually called Orders by Entomologists, are apparently degraded by him into Subor- ders. Dr. LeConte calls the Orders of Agassiz Subclasses, and uses the term Orders in its ordinary sense. Prof. Dana uses the terms Class and Order in the same sense as Agassiz, and calls Hymenoptera, Diptera, &c. tribes, introducing between the Order and the Tribe certain divisions which he denominates subor- ders and ordinules. " Nominum hsec continua subversio," says Latreille, speak- ing of the continual substitution of one generic name for another, "scientiam occidit." (Gen. Cr. et Ins. iv. p. 19.) 1864.] 209 American fauna has been subjected to a searching comparison with that of Europe and other countries by two distinguished European naturalists, Dr. Hagen and Mr. Loew. In the former order it results from Dr. Hagen's investigations, that out of 716 North American spe- cies no less than 16, or 2.23 per cent, are undoubtedly common to Europe and North America, to say nothing of several species of doubt- ful identity, and of 14 North American species which occur also in Asia, Africa or Polynesia.* In the latter Order, Diptera, it results from Mr. Loew's investigations that, out of 2058f North American species or thereabouts, the extraordinary number of 91 species, or 4.42 per cent, are ascertained with certainty to be common to Europe and North America, and there are many others which, although they differ slightly in the two countries, are believed by Loew to be of the same descent.| But, some will say, all these species may have been introduced into one or the other country, and not be indigenous in both. Mr. Loew investigates this question in the case of Diptera at considerable length, comparing the intermingling of different faunas on the shores of the Mediterranean, where commercial intercourse has been carried on for time immemorial, and not merely for a few centuries, and where the voyages are comparatively brief; and finally decides that it is " utterly improbable that all the species, now occurring on both continents, should have been gradually carried over from one to the other." In the case of the Pseudoneuropterous Dragon-flies, no less than nine spe- cies of which occur both in the New and in the Old World, it is alto- gether out of the question, in view of the well known difficulty of breeding these insects in confinement, that they could have been intro- duced from one country to the other by human agency. A strenuous disciple of Prof. Agassiz observes to me, that '■ the most that can be said of those species which are asserted to be common to ■•■• Hagen's Si/nopsis N. A. Neur. p. 332. f Osten Sacken's Catalogue of described N. A. Diptera, contains 2058 species. Very many of these are jjrofessedly mere synonyms ; but on the other hand many new species have been described since that Catalogue appeared (A. D. 1858,) and several undescribed species are taken into the account by Loew. X Diptera of the Amber-fauna, by Director Loew ; translated in Silliman'.'i Journal, May, 186i, by Baron Osten Sackeu. 210 [August both continents is, that no distinctions have yet been discovered on careful study." At this rate, if I choose to assert that the Insects of Illinois difter specifically throughout from those of the other States, I may successfully defend that absurd hypothesis against the whole world by the same curious method of argumentation. Surely the large per- centage of forms asserted on the very best authority to be identical, cuts the ground away from under such reasoning as this. Suppose, which is scarcely a supposable case, that it is only an even chance that Loew is right, in deciding that the Dipterous North American form A, is identical with the European form Ej ; then the chance of his being mistaken in this particular instance will be J, and the com- pound chance of his being mistaken in every one of n similar cases, as to species xi.^ and Eo, A3 and E3, An and En, will be — which when n is large becomes so exceedingly small that it is 2n, o scarcely worth taking into account. But in this case n is exceedingly large and consequently — almost inconceivably small, so that the chance of Loew being mistaken throughout amounts almost, according to the Theory of Chances, to a negative certainty.* Or are facts and figures to o'o for nothing', and are we to form our theories first, and afterwards ignore or deny all fiicts and all reasonings that run counter to those theories ? In order to throw further light upon this question, I have prepared, from the very limited resources at my disposal, the following imperfect list of species in all the Orders, which are asserted by authors to be found both in North America and in the Old World. I have followed Loew's example in including in the list all species common to both countries, even those which I believe myself to have been introduced, because to attempt to draw any line between introduced and indige- nous species would be begging the question at issue. The authority * Assuming the chance of Loew's being mistaken in a single average case to be as large as it may seem proper, say ^=^- taking f pretty large, yet when n is so exceedingly large as it is here, the chance of his being mistaken through- out, or C'^=-^)^, will always be a very small quantity indeed. 18U.] 211 in the case of eaeli species is printed in italics may be thus tabulated : — ■Species closely allied or Identical Species. of doubtful identity. The general results Total. Coleoptera Orthoptera , Pseudoneuroptera , Neuroptera Hymenoptera Lepidoptera Homoptera Heteroptera Diptera 61 1 20 11 9 63 3 7 185 Total... 304 56 360 Species of Insects common to North America and the Old World. COLEOPTERA.— Identical species. Carabidae. Amara vulgaris (Eur. and Boreal America) Kirhy. — A. communis (Eur. and U. S.) Dejean. — A. familiaris (Eur. and U. S.) Dejean. — A. similata (Eur. and U. S.) Dejean. — Curtonotus convexiusculus (Eur. and Bor. Am.) Kirby. — Pterostichus orinomum (Eur. and N. A.) Kirby and Klug. — Bembidium oiipo- situm Say and B. 4-maculatum (Eur.) LeConte. — B. tetracoluifl Say and B. rupes- tre (Eur.) LeConte. — Gyrinidae. Gyrinus a;neus (Eur. and Bor. Am.) Kirby. — Hydropliilidae. Philliydrus marginellus (Eur. and Bor. Amer.) Kirby. — Ph. melanocephalus (Eur. and Bor. Am.) Kirby. — Hydrobius fuscipes (Eur. and Bor. Am.) Kirby. — Cercyou mundum Melsh. and C. centrimaculatum (Eur.) LeConte »\u\ Erichson. — C. maculatum Melsh. and C. anale (Eur.) LeConte and Erichson. — Silphidae. Silpha caudata Say and S. lapponica (Eur.) LeConte. — Staphylinidse. Tachinus trimaculatus Say and Bolitobius pygmseus (Eur.) Erichson. — Tachyporus faber Say and T. brunneus (Eur.) Erichs. — O.xytelus rugulosus Say and 0. nitidulus (Eur.) Erichs. — Olisthserus laticeps Lee. and 0. megacephalus (Eur.) LeConte. — Phalacridae. Olibrus bicolor (Eur. andU. 8.) LeConte. — Cucujidae. Silvanus dentatus Say and Nausibius dentatus (Eur.) Le Conte. — Mycetophagidae. Typhoea fumata (Eur. and all parts of the world) Le Conte. — Dermestidae. Dermestes lardarius (Eur. and N. A.) Melsheimer, ma- lomyia canicularis Linn. — H. subpellucens Zett. — H. manicata — H. sealaris Fabr.— Ilydrotsea armipes Fall.— Ophyra leucostoma "Wied. — Lispe uliginosa Fall.— Scatophaga squalida ^ S. fureata Say? — S. stercorea Linn. — Cordylura hircus. — Sapromyza lupulina Fabr. — Scyphella fiava Linn. — Lauxania cylin- dricornis Fabr. — L. frontalis Lw. — Psila bicolor — Sciomyza nana Fall. — 3. ob- tusa Fall.— S. albocostata Fall.— Dryomyza anilis Fall. — Blepharoptera iners — Ortalis vibrans Linn. — 0. eana Lw.— Piophila casei Linn. — P. nigriceps Meig. — P. petasionis R. Desv. — Heteroneura albimana — Borborus equinus FalL — Drosophila ampelophila Lw. — D. transversa. — D. graminum. — Stegana nigra Meig.^S. hypoleuca Meig. — Dichseta caudata Fall. — D. brevicauda Lw. — Sca- tella quadrata Fall.— Sc. Stenhammari Zett.— Ochthera mantis DeG. — Ilythea spilota Hal.— Melophagus ovinus Linn.— Olfersia ardeee Macq. — Hippobosca equina Linn. Besides a great many other species, the occurrence of which on both conti- nents is recorded with less certainty, the following European species are found in Greenland, according to Stseger's trustworthy statements: — Diamesa Waltlii Meig.— Ghironomus byssinus Meig.— C. aterrimus Meig. — C. picipes Meig. — Triehocera maculipennis Meig. — Sciara flavipes Meig. — Galliphora erythro- cephala Meig. — Phytomyza obscurella Fall. [Rhipidia maculata Meig. and Symplecta punctipennis Meig. may be also added with certainty.— 0. Sacken. Also, according to Osten Sacken apud Say's Works I. p. 24:3, Limnobia annulata Linn.=argu3 Say = imperialis Lw.— B. D. TF.]— In all 94 species. DIPTERA.— Species believed to be of the same descent but distinguishable from European species by a slight, but constant, difference of coloring. Subula pallipjs Lw. (N. A.) and S. marginata Meig. (Eur.)— Chrysotoxum sp. indescr. and C. bicinctum Linn. — Tetanocera pictipes Lw. and T. umbra- rum Linn.— T. saratogensis Fitch and T. pratorura Fall.— Hemerodromia va- lida Lw. and H. Frigelii Zett. and a large number of others.— In all 5 species. 18G4.] 217 DIPTERA.. — Species believed to be of the same descent but distinguishable, ill addition to the above, b_y verj' insignificant plastic discrepancies. Bombylius fraterculus Wied. and B. major Linn. (Eur.) — Chrysotoxura sp. indescr. and C. fasciolatum DeG. — Helophilus sp. indescr. and H. frutetorum Fabr. — Lucilia sp. indescr. and L. csesarion Meig. — Cyrtoneura so. indescr. and C. assirailis Fall — Gymnosoma par Walk, and G. rotundata Linn. — Cordylura sp. indescr. and C. pudioa Meig. — AUophyla Inevis Lw. and A. nigricornis Meig. — Trypeta fratria Lw. and T. heraclei Linn. — Ortalis rufipes Lw. and 0. marmorea Fabr. — Drosophila sp. indescr. and D. fuuebris — Epliydra atrovirens Lw. and E. micans Hal. and many other species. — In all 12 species. DIPTERA. — Identical species, on various authorities.* Tipulariae. Culex caspius Pallas (South Russ. and Bor. Am.) Curtis. — Ceci- domyia tritici (Eur. and U. S.) Harris, itc. — Limnophila faseiata Schummel (Eur. and N. A.) OstenSacken. — Limnobia rivosa Lin. (Eur. and Greenl.) O.Fabr. — Trichocera regelationis Lin. (Eur. and Greenl.) 0. Fabr. — Simulium rejitans Lin. (Eur. and Greenl.) O.Fabr. — Tabanidse. Chrysops sepulchralis Zett. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker. — Asilidae. Dasypogon teutonus Lin. (Eur. and Flor.) Macqtiart. — Laphria flavescens Macq. (Eur. and Carolina.) Macquart. — Bomby- liarii. Anthrax nycthomera Hoffm. (Eur. and Georg.) Macquart. — Bombylius major Lin. (Eur. and N. A.) Walker. -\ — Empidae. Empis borealis Lin. (Eur. and Greenl.) 0. Fabr. — Hemerodromia precatoria Meig. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker. — Drapetis nigra Meig. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker. — Syrphici. Chryso- toxum fasciolatum DeG. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker.X — Syrphus gracilis Meig. (Eur. and N. Y.) Walker.— ii. granditarsus Forst. (Eur. and H. B.T.) Walker.— S. guttatus Meig. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker. — S. hieroglyphicus Meig. (Eur. and Nov. Sc.) Walker.—^, maculosus Meig. (Eur. and H. B. T.) Walker.— 'S,. menthastri Lin. (Eur. and N. A.) Walker. — S. ribesii Fabr. (Eur. and Bor. Am.) Walker. — S. scalaris Fabr. (Eur. and U. S.) Walker. — S. seriptus Lin. (Eur. and Nov. Sc.) Walker.— '&. topiarius Meig. (Eur. and N. A.) Walker and Stceger. — S. umbellatarum Fabr. (Eur. and N. Sc.) Walker. — -Sericomyia lappona Lin. (Eur. and Greenl.) 0. Fabr. — Helophilus gr. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 2. Tryphon earinatus, n. sp. Black; face and legs yellow or yellowish-red; wings obscure hyaline, areolet wanting; legs short and thick, abdomen sessile, subclavate, basal segments carinated. Male. — Black, rather shining, thickly clothed with pale pubescence ; face, except a short elongate blackish mark just beneath the antennae, clypeus, except a blackish spot on each lateral margin, tips of the man- dibles and the palpi, yellowish ; antennae about as long as the body, black ; tegulae obscurely yellowish ; scutellum flat, rather large, its sides carinated ; met:ithorax with the elevated lines longitudinal and sharply defined, the central area narrow and extending the whole length of the metathorax. Wings obscure hyaline, iridescent ; nervures and stigma black, the former pale at base ; areolet wanting. Legs short and thick as in Exodms ; pale rufous, the two anterior pairs more or less tinged with yellowish, the posterior coxae mostly black, and their tarsi brown- ish. Abdomen sessile, subclavate ; basal segment with four sharply defined longitudinal carinae; the second segment longitudinally rugose, with a well defined carina down its middle; the three following seg- ments rather densely and deeply punctured and clothed with pale, ap- pressed pubescence, the punctures on the apical segments fine and indis- tinct. Length 3 lines; expanse of wings 4^ lines. 274 * [September Uah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. This little species has much the general appearance of an Exochus, but the face is flat and not protuberant. The metathorax and base of the abdomen are acutely carinated and the legs are short and thick. S. Tryphoni limatus, n. sp. Black, polished; mouth yellowish; antennse brownish; legs fulvous, hind tibiee white, their tips and the tarsi black; wings hyaline, areolet oblique, peti- olated ; abdomen subpetiolated. Male. — Black, highly polished ; face rather densely punctured, some- what protuberant just beneath the antennae ; clypeus very transverse, much depressed at base, and almost entirely yellowish, as well as the mandibles and palpi ; anteuuje nearly as long as the body, brownish, the extreme base black ; tegulne whitish ; metathorax convex, smooth and polished, without elevated lines. Wings ample, hyaline and iri- descent; nervures and stigma blackish, whitish at base; areolet oblique, subtriangular, petiolated. Legs slender, rather long, fulvous, the four anterior tibiae and tarsi paler ; tips of the posterior femora, and tibiae, and their tarsi except base, black ; rest of the posterior tibiae and base of their tarsi, white. Abdomen elongate, subpetiolated, slightly com- pressed at tip ; first segment contracted near the base and gradually dilated to the tip ; second segment at base with a well impressed fovea on each side. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 8 lines. Ifab.—TfehwAYe. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Section 2. 4. Tryphoni submarginatus, n. sp. Black: most of the face, mouth, sides of mesothorax, scutellum and apical margins of abdominal segments, white; pleura and legs in part pale rufous, posterior tibiae and tarsi black, the former with a broad white annulus : wings hyaline, iridescent, areolet wanting: abdomen subsessile. ^}Ja/t'. — Black; two ill-defined lines on the face beneath the antennae spreading on each side of the clypeus and continued beneath the eyes, the clypeus, mandibles except tips and the palpi, whitish; antennae slender, rather longer than the body, rufo-piceous, the basal joint be- neath pale. Thorax : mesothorax and pectus black ; tegulae, a broad sutural line before the wings, extending to the dorsal lines where it is suddenly truncate, dilated and pointed before and behind, a line beneath the fore-wing-s and a subobsolete spot beneath the hind-wings, whitish ; pleura, except a space beneath the fore-wings, rufous ; scutellum rather 1804.] 275 convex, whitish, the space on each side bhick ; postscutellum black with a transverse whitish spot on the middle ; metathorax rufous, stained with blackish on the disk, the elevated lines obsolete, the central ai-ea small, elongate and ill-defined. Wings long and ample, hyaline, iride- scent; nervures and stigma black, pale at base; areolet wanting, the 2nd recurrent nervure somewhat angular in the middle. Legs slender, posterior pair long ; pale rufous ; the four anterior coxaa, the trochan- ters and most of the tarsi, whitish; posterior tibia) whitish, its tip and extreme base, black, their tarsi entirely black. Abdomen subsessile, elongate-subovate, black, shining towards the tip ; basal segment grooved down the middle ; apical margins of all the segments narrowly whitish, rather indistinct on the first three segments ; ventral segments white. Length Si lines; expanse of wings 7 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 5. Tryphon pleuralis, n. sp. Black; mouth and tegulse, yelIowish-whit5; pleura, scutellum and legs, ru- fous : wings hyaline, areolet small, oblique, subpetiolated ; abdomen with the apical margins of the dorsal segments pale: abdomen subpetiolated. Fem((ff. — Black, subopaque, clothed with a very short, whitish pile ; clypeus, mandibles, a spot on the cheeks beneath, and the palpi, whitish; antennae slender, rather longer than the body, piceous, tinged with yel- lowish towards the base beneath ; mesothorax and pectus black, pleura and scutellum dull rufous, as well as a spot behind the scutellum ; tegulfe pale yellowi.sh-white ; metathorax entirely black, the elevated lines obsolete, the central area elongate, moderate. Wings hyaline, beautifully iridescent ; nervures and stigma blackish, pale at base; are- let small, obliquely subtriangular and subpetiolated; the transverse cubital nervure within the submarginal cell very much arcuated towards the costa, the 2nd recurrent nervure straight, or slightly oblique. Legs slender, pale rufous; the four anterior coxte, trochanters and tarsi, whitish ; the posterior tibiae and tarsi and the tips of the other tarsi blackish, extreme base of the posterior tibiaj whitish. Abdomen sub- petiolated or slightly sub.sessile ; black, shining towards the apex ; ex- treme apical margins of the segments whitish, obsolete or subobsolete on the three basal segments, and distinct on the apical ones, the lateral margins of which are rather broadly marked with white ; first segment longer than the second, much narrowed toward the base, and again 276 [September sliffhtly dilated before reaching the base, the hiteral tubercles not promi- nent, situated a little before the middle, disk faintly canaliculate ; be- neath stained with whitish ; ovipositor subexserted. Length 3 lines ; expanse of wings lines. H^^lj^ — Xew Jersey. E. T. Cresson. Section 3. (i. Tryplion'? trifasciutus, n. sp. Black, polished ; tea;ul£e, scutellum, postscutellum, part of metathorax. legs and three bands on abdomen, yellow: wings subhyaline, areolet wanting : legs short and thick; abdomen subpetiolated, clavate. Male. — Black, polished, clothed with a rather thin pale pubescence ; head entirely black, eyes prominent, face narrow, palpi pale ; antennae nearly as long as the body brownish above, yellowish beneath, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax : the pleura protuberant beneath the wino-s, with a deep cavity before and behind to receive the anterior and intermediate femora in repose; scutellum and postscutellum yellow; metathorax small, shining, pubescent, black with a large transverse yelloAvish spot across its middle, sometimes obsolete, immediately be- hind the postscutellum a well impressed point, and at the insertion of the abdomen several short elevated ridges. Wings subhyaline, faintly stained with fuscous ; nervures and stigma fuscous, the former pale at base ; areolet wanting, the 2nd recurrent nervure very much angular near its base. Legs short and thick as in Exochus ; yellow, the poste- rior cox£e beneath and the apical half of their femora, black ; sometimes the four anterior femora exteriorly, the tips of the posterior tibire and tips of all the tarsi, are blackish. Abdomen subpetiolated or slightly subsessile, clavate, polished, bjack, the apical half of the three basal seo-ments yellow ; basal segment somewhat canaliculate or cariuated on the disk towards the base. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 7? lines. }j^ah. — Pennsylvania. Mr. Chas. A. Blake. Section 4. 7. Tryphon americanus, n. sp. Black: face, palpi and four anterior legs, yellow; abdomen, except basal seg- ment, rufous ; wings hyaline, areolet triangular. Male. — Head black, the fVtce beneath the antenna}, clypeus. man- dibles except tips, and the palpi, yellow ; immediately beneath the an- tennse a lono-itudiual, abbreviated, blackish line and on each lateral mar- J77 1864.] '277 gin of the ciypeus a blackish, well impressed puncture ; antennae two- thirds the length of the body, porrect, blackish, the base and apex yel- lowish, the basal joint beneath yellow. Thorax black, shining; tegulae pale yellowish ; metuthorax shining, with four sharply defined longitu- dinal carinas, the two middle ones approximate. Wings hyaline ; ner- vuresand stigma fuscous, pale at base; areolet small, triangular, slightly petiolated, the second recurrent nervure angular in the middle. Legs : the two anterior pairs, the posterior coxae and trochanters, and the basal half of their tibiae, and most of their tarsi beneath, yelfbw ; the poste- rior femora rufous, their extreme tips, the apical half of their tibias and most of their tarsi above, black. Abdomen elongate, subsessile, rufous; basal segment except its apex, black, flattened, with two elevated lines, very slightly dilated at the apex ; apical segment faintly tinged with yellowish. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 8 lines. ^«6.— Delaware (Dr. Thos. B. Wilson) ; Canada West (Mr. B. Bil- lings, Jr.) 8. Tryphon aflSnis, n. sp. Black ; mouth, legs and abdomen, rufous ; wings hyaline, areolet subtrian- gular, petiolated ; abdomen subsessile, subclavate. Female. — Head black ; ciypeus, mandibles and palpi, dull yelloAvish; antennte two-thirds the length of the body, blackish, yellowish at base and at tips. Thorax shining, black ; tegulae pale yellow ; scutellum and metathorax black, the latter polished, with four very sharply de- fined longitudinal carinae as in the preceding species. Wings obscure hyaline, faintly tinged with fuliginous at tips ; nervures and stigma blackish, whitish at base; areolet minute, subtriangular, slightly oblique, petiolated; 2nd recurrent nervure angular in the middle. Legs pale rufous, the two anterior pairs and the posterior trochanters tinged with yellowish ; posterior femora at tips, their tibiae, except a broad, pale, ill-defined annulus near the base, and most of their tarsi, blackish. Abdomen subsessile, subclavate, shining, rufous, the first segment ex- cept tip, black, with two approximate, well-defined longitudinal carinas on the middle towards the base ; apical segments very slightly com- pressed. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 6 lines. Hab. — Pennsylvania and New Jersey. E. T. Cresson. Closely allied to T. americanus, but is smaller, with the face entirely black. 278 [September 9. Tryphon seminiger, n. sp. Black : face silvery ; mouth yellowish ; legs and abdomen, except base, ru- fous ; wings subhyaline, areolet oblique, petiolated ; abdomen subsessile, sub- clavate. Female. — Black, thinly clothed with very short whitish pubescence, more obvious and silvery on the face ; clypeus, mandibles and palpi dull yellowish ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, black above, brownish beneath ; tegulfe dull yellowish ; metathorax with the elevated lines irregular, tolerably well defined. Wings faintly tinged with fuli- ginous ; nervures and stigma black, pale at base ; areolet minute, oblique, petiolated ; 2nd recurrent nervure angular in the middle. Legs obscure rufous, the four anterior tibiae and tarsi tinged with yellowish; coxae black; the posterior femora and tibiae at tips and their tarsi, obfuscated. Abdomen subsessile, clavate, rufous ; basal segment black, except the extreme tip, with two approximate carinas on the middle towards the base. Length 3? — 4 lines ; expanse of wings 6 — 6J lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Closely resembles the two preceding species in form and color, but is at once distinguished by the sculpture of the metathorax, which in this species is irregular and not sharply defined, while in the other two there are four very sharply defined and regular longitudinal carinae. 10. Tryphon semirufus, n. sp. Black: tegulfe yellow; legs and abdomen rufous; wings hyaline, areolet wanting ; abdomen subsessile, subovate. Female. — Black ; clypeus polished, with large deep punctures ; spot on mandibles at base and the palpi, yellowish ; antennae two-thirds the length of the body, brown-black, the basal joint beneath rufous; tegulae pale yellowish ; metathorax with the elevated lines irregular and ill- defined, the centi'al area small and elongate, subobsolete. Wings hya- line, iridescent; nervures and stigma blackish, pale at base; areolet wanting; 2nd recurrent nervure straight. Legs, with the coxae, ru- fous ; apical half of the posterior femora blackish, their tarsi obfuscated. Abdomen rather short, subovate, subsessile, somewhat flattened above, the apex slightly compressed and tinged with blackish. Length 3 lines ; expanse of wings 5 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 1864.] 279 1 1 . Tryphon analis. n. sp. Black : face yellow : legs and abdomen, except apex, rufous ; wings hyaline, areolet triangular, petiolated; abdomen sessile, flattened. Male. — Head black ; face beneath antenuee, clypeus, mandibles and palpi, yellowish ; lateral margins of the clypeus and extreme tips itf mandibles, black ; face somewhat elevated with a deep, subtriangiilar incisure towards the base of the antennae ; antennse three-fourths as l(»nu- as the body, brown above, the two basal joints black, beneath red- dish-brown, the basal joints paler. Thorax smooth and polished ; tegulte yellow ; metathorax shining, the elevated lines irregular and tolerably well defined, the central ai-ea moderate and subquadrate. Wings hya- line, iridescent ; nervures and stigma fuscous, pale at base ; areolet small, triangular, petiolated; 2nd recurrent nervure angular in the middle. Legs, with the coxje, pale rufous, the trochanters yellowish, the tips of the posterior femora, tibise and tarsi somewhat obfuscated. Abdomen sessile and flattened as in Bassus, the dorsal surface of the three basal segments being somewhat uneven, the first segment with two carinae near its base ; the four basal segments pale rufous, the apical margin of the foiarth and the remaining segments black, polished. Length 3] lines; expanse of wings 6 lines. Hah. — Pennsylvania. E. T. Cresson. This species has much the form of those of the genus Bassus. 12. Tryphon festivus, n. sp. Black ; mouth, antennse and four anterior legs, yellowish ; posterior legs and abdomen except base, rufous : wings long, hyaline, areolet oblique, petiolated ; abdomen subsessile, subclavate. 3Iale. — Black, shining, clothed with a short, thin, whitish pubes- cence, which is most obvious and silvery on the fece ; clypeus, man- dibles and palpi, yellowish ; antennae as long as the body, brownish above, yellowish beneath, the basal joint yellow beneath ; tegulae pale yellow; metathorax punctured, the elevated lines obsolete. Wings long, hyaline, iridescent ; nervures and stigma blackish, pale at base ; areolet small. obli({ue and petiolated ; 2nd recurrent nervure with a rudimental nervure on its exterior middle. Legs : the two anterior pairs yellowish, slightly tinged with rufous ; the posterior pair dull ru- fous, somewhat obfuscated; their coxas black, with the tips beneath and the trochanters, yellowish. Abdomen subsessile, or slightly sub- petiolated, subclavate; basal segment carinated on its disk, with slight 280 [September indications of a tubercle on each side of the basal third, its color is black, except the tip which is rufous as well as all the remaining seg- ments. Length o} lines; expanse of wings 6? lines. H; on each side of this an abbreviated dull rufous stripe connecting with the sutural line which is also broadly dull rufous ; tegulae yellowish ; a line beneath the front wings rufous ; scutelluni very much elevated, in the shape of a stout, subobtuse tubercle, bright rufous, yellowish behind and black laterally ; postscutellum with a yel- low spot ; metathorax scabrous, black, clothed with short black pubes- cence; the elevated lines sharply defined. Wings yellowish, apical margins fuliginous, with a violaceous reflection ; nervures fuscous, their base, as well as the stigma and costa, yellowish-ferruginous ; areolet oblique, slightly petiolated. Legs yellowish-ferruginous; the coxas and the posterior femora except extreme base and apex, black. Abdomen flattened above, with a slight carina down the middle ; basal segment sharply bicariuated, yellowish-ferruginous, the petiole black ; the second segment also yellowish-ferruginous ; remaining segments yellow, paler towards the apex; the 3rd, 4th and 5th segments above with a subob- solete ferruginous dot on each side. Length 9 lines ; expanse of wings 17 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Genus HOPLISMENUS, Grav. Hoplismenus thoracicus, n. sjj. Pale rufous; head, mesothorax, most of hind legs and apex of abdomen, black; a broad anuulus on anteanfe and a spot on tip of abdomen, white; wings hyaline. Male. — Head entirely black, palpi pale ; antennae very slender, rather longer than the body, black, the 3rd to 5th joints pale rufous, the 8th to 13th joints white, spotted beneath with blackish. Thorax pale ru- fous, very finely and closely punctured ; mesothorax and pectus, black ; scutellum gibbous, acutely carinated on each side, pale rufous, as well as the postscutellum ; metathorax finely rugose, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area moderate, transversely subquadrate, the poste- rior face obliquely depressed, the lateral tubercles not very prominent, obtuse; tegulse piceous. Wings byaline, faintly iridescent; nervures and stigma fuscous, pale at base ; areolet small, subtriangular. Legs slender ; with their coxae, pale rufous, the four anterior trochanters, 18G4.] ^ 289 femora aud tibiae more or less dusky ; posterior femora, except base, their tibite, except a pale anuulus near the base, and most of their tarsi, blackish. Abdomen scarcely as long as the head and thorax, subovate, depressed, rufous, apical half of the 3rd, and the remaining segments, black, the extreme apex with a transverse white spot; basal segment strongly arcuated, slightly dilated towards the tip, bicarinated above, and uneven at tip ; 2nd segment somewhat rugose. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 61 lines. Sab. — Pennsylvania. Mr. Tryon E-eakirt. Closely allied to H. dimidlatm (Europe), but the antennfe are longer aud the mesothorax is entirely black. Genus CRYPTUS, Fabr. Section 1. — Scutellum and abdomen black Sp. 1 — fi " 2. — Scutellum pale : abdomen black Sp. 7 — 8 " 3. — Scutellum witli pale markings ; abdomen red or red and black Sp. 9—1(1 " 4. — Scutellum black; abdomen red or red and black Sp. 11 — 24 " 5. — Thorax, scutellum and abdomen yellowish-red Sp. 2,5 Section 1. 1. Cryptus robustus. n. sp. Black, shining, abdomen very robust; wings fuliginous, with a bluish gloss; legs rufous, jiosterior femora undulate, constricted at tip ; metathorax with a transverse central area. Female. — Very robust, deep black, shining ; face broad, minutely punctured, with a subobsolete, obtuse, rounded tubercle beneath the antenna?, the front just behind the antenuoe deeply excavated, the sur- face somewhat wrinkled ; the orbits behind very narrowly and subobso- letely yellowish ; clypeus polished, its lateral and apical margins much depressed, leaving the middle prominent ; mandibles also polished, with a few punctures ; palpi blackish, fulvous at base ; antenna? nearly as long as the body, setaceous, slightly involute, black, the 3rd joint rather longer than the 4th and 5th together, the basal joint robust, tinged with rufous within. Thorax shining above, the dorsal lines deep, but not reaching the posterior margin ; mesothorax feebly punctured, the pleura very densely punctured, somewhat aciculate, a spot beneath the posterior wings and the space between the anterior and middle coxae, polished ; scutellum convex, polished, deeply impressed in front ; post- scutellum also polLshed; metathorax very densely punctured, opaque, 290 [September rather truncate behind, the lateral tubercles acute, from each of these tubercles a carina proceeds forward and forms a well-defined, transverse, semicircular central area on the disk. Wings ample, fuliginous, with a bluish gloss, the posterior pair clearer; nervures and stigma black; areolet rather large, subquadrate or 5-angular, the lower nervure broadly ano-ular, the cubital nervure with a rudimental nerve within the first submarginal cell. Legs rufous, polished, the coxae and trochanters black, the posterior tibiae and tarsi reddish-brown ; femora rather ro- bust, the two posterior pair undulate beneath and somewhat suddenly constricted at tip. Abdomen very robust, ovate, shining black, fiiintly tinged with blue ; basal segment much arcuated, short, polished, flat- tened above, and broad at tip, which is sulcate on the middle and on each side ; venter polished ; ovipositor two-thirds as long as the abdo- men, black. Length G — 7 lines ; expanse of wings 11 2 — 12 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mount;^ans, Colorado Territory. 2. Cryptus proximus, n. sp. Black; wings fuliginous, with a bluish gloss; legs rufous, femora simple: metathorax with a large, triangular central area. Female. — Differs from C. rohustus, to which it is closely allied, as follows : — More elongate and much less robust ; the 3rd joint of the antennae not as long as the 4th and 5th together, the two latter being each two-thirds the length of the 3rd joint; the mesothorax more opa(|ue and densely punctured ; the central area of the metathorax is large and triangular ; the legs rather longer, the femora slender, simple, not at all undulate beneath or constricted at tips, the 4th, 5th and 6th joints of the posterior tarsi are yellowish ; the abdomen more elongate, much less robust, and the ovipositor as long as the body, rufo-piceous, with the valves black. Length 7 lines; expanse of wings 11 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 3. Cryptus luctuosus. n. sp. Black; frontal orbits whitish; femora rufous; wings smoky, hyaline with a bluish gloss ; metathorax without a central area ; ovipositor short. Female. — Black, shining; frontal orbits beneath the antennae whit- ish ; clypeus polished, a slight prominence between it and the base of the antennae, behind the latter the front is rather deeply excavated and aciculate ; antennse more than half the length of the body, rather slen- der, somewhat involute, black, brownish-sericeous towards the tip, basal 1864.] 291 joint robust and polls'hed. the 3rd and 4th joints about equal in length, the 5th a little shorter. Thorax above polished, minutely punctured, the dorsal lines very deep and large, beneath the wings very densely punctured, a polished spot beneath the posterior wings, as well as the space between the anterior and middle coxoe ; scutellum polished ; meta- thorax somewhat rugose, opaque, truncate behind, the carina bordering the truncation sharply defined, the lateral tubercles prominent and subacute. Wings uniformly tinged with fuliginous, and having a blu- ish gloss ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular, the lower ner- vure bro:idly angular. Legs black, polished, all the femora, and the anterior tibia) and tarsi, rufous. Abdomen short and robust, subovate, shining ; the basal segment flattened, strongly arcuated, broad at tip, the peduncle short and polished ; ovipositor rather longer than the first segment, rufous, valves black. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 81 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Shorter and stouter than C proximus, and without any central area on the metathorax. 4. Cryptus nubilipennis. n. sp. Black: antenn£e with a wliite annulus: wings with a fuliginous band across their apical third ; legs mostly rufous: ovipositor longer than the body. Female. — Black ; face short and broad, finely punctured ; the orbits behind subobsoletely rufous ; the front not depressed behind the an- tennae; clypeus small, transverse, polishod, with a deep puncture on each side; mandibles small, polished, which, as well as the clypeus, is tinged with piceous ; antennae more than half the length of the body, subporrect, rather slender, black, the 8th to 11th joints more or less white, basal joint robust, the 3rd and 4th joints subequal, the 5th and 6th shorter, subequal. Thorax densely and very finely punctured, shin- ing, the dorsal lines not deep; scutellum slightly convex, densely punc- tured ; metathorax finely scabrous, somewhat rounded behind, the ele- vated lines indistinctly defined, and forming a large, nearly obsolete, rhomboidal central area, the lateral tubercles small. Wings smoky- hyaline, the extreme tips and a broad band on the apical third, not quite reaching the posterior margin of the wing, fuliginous ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular. Legs rather slender, rufous ; the coxae and trochanters black ; the four anterior femora at base, apex of 292 [September the posterior tibi?e and all the tarsi, brownish. Abdomen rather short, robust, subovate ; basal segment strongly arcuated, rather longer than the second, flattened, broad at tip and somewhat bilineated; ovipositor longer than the abdomen, rufous, valves black. Length 42 lines; ex- panse of wings 8 lines. Huh. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Allied to C. luctuosus but is easily distinguished from that species by the band on the wino;s. o 5. Cryptus crassicornis. n. sp. Black: antennpe much thickened, opaque: frontal orbits white; legs rufous, the tarsi yellowish : wings subhyaline : abdomen slender. Male. — Deep black, slightly pubescent ; face rather long, eyes promi- nent; the orbits, more or less interrupted on each side near the vertex and beneath the eyes, sometimes ending in a spot on each side of the clypeus, narrowly whitish ; clypcus small, prominent, polished ; man- dibles projecting; basal joint of palpi yellowish; the front behind the antennae deeply excavated ; antennai nearly as long as the body, opaque black, much thickened at base, and gradually attenuated towards the tip, which is very slender, basal joint robust, subglobular, clothed with black pubescence, 3rd joint about Hh longer than the 4th, the 5th and 6th joints each as long as the 4th, remaining joints gradually diminish in length, the incisures indistinct. Thorax above shining, not densely punctured, the doi'sal lines not deeply impressed, on the pleura the punctures are very dense ; beneath the posterior wings a smooth, pol- ished spot, as well as the surface between the anterior and middle coxae; scutellum subconvex, shining, rather densely punctured ; metathorax opaque, scabrous, pubescent, the elevated lines and lateral tubercles not well defined, in some specimens there is a fiiint indication of a sub- quadrate central area. Wings subhyaline, faintly tinged with fuligi- nous, and having a slight bluish gloss ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular or somewhat 4-angular, the cubifcil nervvxre with a process within the first submarginal cell. Legs long and I'ather slender, rufous ; four anterior tibiae in front and the tarsi toward the tips more or less tinged with yellowish, the posterior tibiae and tarsi sometimes brownish ; all the coxae and the trochanters, black. Abdomen elon- gate, slender, shining ; the basal segment as long as the 2nd, polished, the apical third subquadrate, not much dilated, the lateral tubercles 18G4.] 293 prominent ; the remaining segments sometimes faintly tinged with deep blue, and polished towards the apex. Length 62 — 7i lines; expanse of wings 10 — 11 2 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. Readily distinguished by the incrassate antennae. 6. Cryptus velox, n. sp. Black; antennae with a narrow white annulus; legs rufous; wings hyaline, iridescent: ovipositor as long as the abdomen. Female. — Black; face short and broad ; clypeus slightly prominent, polished, with a slight puncture on its disk ; mandibles piceous ; front behind the antennae slightly excavated ; antennae nearly as long as the body, slightly involute at tip, black, the 9th to 11th joints white, basal joint robust, piceous beneath, the 3rd, 4th and 5th joints long, sub- equal, the 6th shorter, about as long as the 7th joint. Thorax polished, finely punctured, the dorsal lines well impressed ; scutellum slightly convex, smooth and polished, deeply impressed in front ; metathorax shining, finely punctured, the elevated lines not distinct, but forming a small, subobsolete, triangular central area. Wings ample, hyaline, somewhat iridescent ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet 5-angular or somewhat 4-angular, the lower ner- vure angular. Legs rather slender, pale rufous, the four anterior tarsi at tips, the apex of the posterior femora, their tibia3 and tarsi, blackish. Abdomen elongate, subovate ; basal segment not longer than the second, broad, almost subsessile, flattened above ; apical segments polished ; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, rufous, valves black. Length 4 lines; expanse of wings 7 2 lines. Hah. — New York. Mr. James Angus. Section 2. 7. Cryptus excelsus, n. sp. Black ; antennae tricolored — fulvous, yellow and black ; face, tegulse, scutel- lum, posterior face of metathorax, and most of the legs, yellow ; basal half of posterior femora, fulvous ; wings subhyaline ; basal segment of abdomen long and linear. Female. — Black, shining, slightly pubescent; face, except on each side of the clypeus, frontal orbits not reaching the summit, a short line behind the eyes, the clypeus except its extreme apical margin, the labrum and the palpi, yellow; mandibles projecting, narrow, acute, 294 [September shining black, between them a tuft of yellowish pubescence ; antenuse porrect. two-thirds the length of the body, somewhat thickened, basal joint black, yellow beneath, the 8 following joints fulvous, paler beneath, the 6 following joints yellow, the apical ones black above, fulvous be- neath, the 2nd, ord and 4th basal joints are blackish above, the ord joint nearly as long as the 4th and 5th together. Thorax finely punc- tured, the dorsal lines deeply impressed ; collar above, a line or two spots in front of the mesothorax, tegulae and a spot behind the posterior wings, yellow; scutellum rather convex, polished, yellow, as well as a line on the postscutellum ; metathorax densely punctured, black, with a large subtrefoil, or sometimes an angular, yellow mark on its posterior face, as well as a spot on each side of it, anteriorly there is a curved well-defined carina extending from side to side. Wings subhyaline, stained with fuscouss, and having a slight violaceous reflection at tips ; nervures fuscous, pale at base, stigma brown ; areolet large, slightly oblique, subquadrate or 5-angular, its lower nervure angular. Legs polished, long and slender, especially the posterior pair ; the two ante- rior pairs except their cox^b above, the basal two-thirds of the posterior tibiae, sometimes a spot on their coxae behind at base, and their tarsi entirely, yellow ; the apical half of the posterior trochanters and the basal half of their femora, bright fulvous ; remainder black. Abdomen elongate, fusiform, shining, black ; basal segment much longer than the second, linear, not at all dilated, somewhat flattened above, scarcely arcuated, polished and having on each side beyond the middle a promi- nent tubercle, the apex slightly swollen and often with a yellowish spot on each side, sometimes the lateral margins and under surface of this segment including the petiole, are yellowish ; ovipositor nearly as long as the abdomen, rufous or piceous, valves black. Length 6 — 7 lines; expanse of wings 9 — 10 i lines. Variety 9 . — The flice black, the frontal orbits, two connected spots beneath the antennae, a semicircular spot on the clypeus and the labrum, yellow ; base of the scutellum black ; metathorax entirely black except a subarcuated yellow line posteriorly ; abdomen entirely black except the first segment beneat4i which is tinged with rufous; posterior coxa? immaculate. Length 4j lines; expanse of wings 7 lines. 3IaU. — ReseAbles the female, but much more slender, the antenn^xj 1864.] 295 are fuscous above with a broad yellowish annulus, the basal half of the scutellum is black, and the postscutelluin, metathorax aud abdomen are immaculate, the latter very slender. Length 6 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. ♦ 8. Cryptus junceus, n. sp. Black ; spots on the face, most of antennse, scutellum, iiosterior face of meta- thorax and tlie legs, excejit coxse and posterior femora, yellow : abdomen very slender, basal segment long and linear. FcmdJc. — Black, shining; frontal orbits, a line on the orbits behind, two spots just beneath the antennae, most of the clypeiis and labrum, and the palpi, yellow; antennae porrect, nearly as long as the body, yellowish, blackish at base and apex especially above, basal joint black, yellow beneath, the 3rd joint about two-thirds the length of the 4th and 5th together, the incisures indistinct. Thorax densely and finely punc- tured, the dorsal lines well impressed ; collar above, two spots in front of mesothorax, and tegulae, yellow; scutellum convex, polished, yellow, as well as a narrow line on each side extending to the base of the pos- terior wings and a spot on the postscutellum ; metathorax as in the preceding species, except that the large yellow mark on its posterior fiice is subtriangular. Wings hyaline, slightly iridescent, the apical margins slightly fuliginous ; nervures fuscous, pale at base, stigma brown ; areolet large, subquadrate, its lower nervtire angular. Legs long and slender, especially the posterior pair, polished, yellow ; the coxae, except a spot at the base of the posterior pair behind, the poste- rior trochanters and their femora, black. Abdomen elongate, very slen- der, slightly fusiform ; basal segment polished, half again as long as the second segment, cylindric, slightly arcuated, not at all dilated at tip, the lateral tubercles not visible ; ovipositor about half the length of the abdomen, rufo-piceous, valves black. Length 6 lines ; expanse of wings 9 2 lines. Hab. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Closely allied to C. excelsus, but is much more slender, the basal seg- ment of the abdomen longer, more cylindric, not depressed above and without lateral tubercles, the legs and antennae are diflPerently colored and the wings clearer. 296 [September Section 3. 9. Cryptus iridescens, n. sp. Black ; spot on mandibles, palpi, tegulfe, scutellum, four anterior coxse and trochanters, yellowish-white; legs and abdomen, except tip, pale rufous ; the three apical :6egments black, the 7th with a whitish spot; wings hyaline, beau-, tifully iridescent. Male. — Black, slightly pubescent ; spot on each mandible, and the palpi, yellowish-white ; fiice flat, clypeus shining ; antennne slender, nearly as long as the body, black, the basal joint beneath ferruginous, the joints indistinct. Thorax shining; dorsal lines of the mesothorax tolerably well impressed ; pleura finely striated ; a line over the collar, tegulae, a small spot before and another beneath the fore-wing, a large spot on scutellum and the postscutellum, yellowish-white ; scutellum polished, the excavation in front longitudinally striated ; metathorax finely reticulated, near the base a transverse carina arcuated on the disk, and behind the middle on each side a small, semicircular, trans- verse carina, in the place of tubercles. Wings hyaline, beautifully iri- descent; nervures and stigma pale fuscous; areolet rather large, 5- angular or subquadrate. Legs pale rufous, the four anterior coxae and trochanters yellowish, as well as the base of the posterior tibite and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th joints of their tarsi ; base of the posterior trochanters, tips of their femora, rest of their tibiae and tarsi, blackish or dusky. Abdomen elongiite, subclavate, pule rufous, shining; basal segment slightly arcuated, polished, with a small tubercle on each side of the apical third ; the three apical segments black, the 7th segment with a rounded white spot above ; sometimes the base of the 2nd and apical margin of the 5th segments are blackish. Length 3^ lines; expanse of wings 5 J lines. ifa6^— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 10. Cryptus soror, n. sp. Black; most of clypeus and mandibles, palpi, tegulse, spot on scutellum and 4 anterior trochanters, whitish ; wings hyaline, iridescent. Legs and abdomen rufous; basal half of the 2nd, base of the 3rd and 5th, and the apical segments, except a small obscure whitish spot on the 7th, black. Mdlc. — Black, slightly pubescent, sculptured as in the preceding- species ; most of the clypeus and mandibles, and the palpi, whitish ; antennae as long as the body, slender, black, basal joint beneath rufous, the joints indistinctly defined ; tegultB, a minute dot beneath the fore- wing, a spot on scutellum and the postscutellum, whitish. Wings hya- 1864.] 297 line, iridesceiat ; nervures and stigma pale fuscous, yellowish at base ; areolet large, subquadrate. Legs pale rufous, the four anterior trochan- ters, pale yellowish, their coxse somewhat tinged with yellowish ; tips of posterior femora black, their tibiae, except base which is pale, and their tarsi, dusky. Abdomen elongate, slender, subclavate, pale rufous, shining; basal segment slightly arcuated, polished, with a tubercle on each side of the apical third ; basal half of 2nd, basal margins of the 3rd and 5th, and the three apical segments, except an obscure whitish spot on the 7th segment above, black. Length 3 lines ; expanse of wings 5 lines. i/ai.— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Closely allied to C. iridescens, but the antennae are longer, the areo- let of the wings larger, and the abdomen and legs diiferently colored. Section 4. 11. Cryptus americanus. n. sp. Black; abdomen rufous; wings subhyaline; opivositor as long as the body. Female. — Black ; apical margin of the clypeus and the frontal orbits, obsoletely whitish; face minutely punctured, much depressed just be- hind the insertion of the antenufe, and finely and transversely aciculate ; between the clypeus and the antennae there is a small rounded obtuse tubercle ; palpi pale fuscous ; antennae nearly as long as the body, very slender, curved at the apex, piceous, the basal joint robust, black, the 3rd and 4th joints nearly equal in length, the 3rd longest, the 5th joint shorter than the 4th, 6th about half the length of the 5th. Tho- rax very densely and finely punctured; mesothorax with two deeply impressed longitudinal lines, approximate posteriorly ; scutellum con- vex, smooth and polished ; metathorax rugose, slightly pubescent, ab- ruptly truncate behind, the lateral angles prominent, acute or subacute. Wings subhyaline, more or less tinged with fuscous; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular or somewhat triangular. Legs black, shining; the four anterior tibiae and tarsi rufo-piceous, the posterior pair piceous. Abdomen oblong-ovate, bright rufous, shining ; the basal segment arcuated, broad at tip, smooth and polished, with a shallow longitudinal groove on each side; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, rufo-piceous, valves black. Length 3-6 lines ; expanse of wings 5-10 lines. Hub. — Delaware (Dr. Wilson); Illinois (Dr. Lewis). This species varies much in size. 298 [September 1 2. Cryptus persimilis, n. sp. Black ; legs and abdomen rufous : wings fuseo-hyaline ; ovipositor nearly as long as the body. Female. — ^Black, shining ; frontal orbits pale; face minutely punc- tured, much depressed just behind the insertion of the antenna) ; be- tween the clypeus and base of antenna) a rounded obtuse tubercle ; clypeus rather prominent, convex, rounded and somewhat depressed in front ; palpi piceous ; antennae more than half the length of the body, very slender, slightly curved at tip, black, the 3rd to (3th joints as in ameficaiius. Thorax polished, feebly punctured ; the mesothorax with two deeply impressed longitudinal lines approximating posteriorly ; tegulcie rufo-piceous ; scutellum polished ; metathorax densely punc- tured, truncate behind, the elevated lines indistinct. Wings fusco- hyaline, with a brassy gloss; nervures fuscous, stigma ferruginous: areolet 5-angular. Legs rufous, the coxae and trochanters black ; tips of posterior tibia3 and their tarsi somewhat obfuscated. Abdomen oblong-ovate, shining, basal segment much arcuated, polished, sides slightly grooved, broad at tip, most of the petiole blackish ; ovipositor nearly as long as the abdomen, rufous, valves black. Length 4 lines; expanse of wings 7 lines. Rab.—BelAWiive. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Closely allied to C. americanus, but is at once distinguished by its red legs and darker wings. 1". Cryptus limatus, n. sp. Black ; antenn.ie with a more or less distinct whitish anniilus : abdomen ru- fous, polished : ovipositor very short. Female. — Black, shining ; face densely and minutely punctured, coarser on the clypeus, the anterior margin of which is rounded and somewhat reflexed ; mandibles tinged with rufous, pubescent; cheeks and occiput polished ; antenuce as long as the body, rather slender, black, brownish beneath especially towards the apex, the 10th to 12th joints above, white, the 3rd, 1th, 5th and 6th joints subequal, the 6th rather the shortest. Thorax very densely and finely punctured, shin- ing, the mesothorax with a shallow depressed line on each side ; scu- tellum convex, finely punctured ; metathorax short, truncate behind, somewhat longitudinally rugose, near the base a transverse acute carina extending all the way across, behind this another acute carina slightly oblique and interrupted in the middle and terminating on each side in 1864.] 299 a short subacute tubercle. Wings subliyaline, more or less tinged with fuscous ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet 5-angular or somewhat 4-angular, the anterior and lateral nervures equal, the posterior nervure angular. Legs black, the anterior tibiae and all the tarsi more or less tinged with jiale rufous. iVbdomen ovate, robust, bright rufous, highly polished; basal segment somewhat flattened, the apical third rather suddenly quadrate, the lateral angles prominent, extreme base of the petiole blackish ; ovipositor very short, scarcely as long as the second segment. Length 4^ — 5 lines; expanse of wings 7 — 8 lines. Hah. — Delaware and Virginia. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Resembles C. americaims, but is more robust, the abdomen is highly polished, the areolet of the wings is quadrate, and the ovipositor is scarcely one-fourth as long as in that species. 14. Cryptus similis. n. sp. Black : anteuufe above with a white annulus ; abdomen and most of the legs, rufous; posterior tarsi with a broad white annulus; wings almost hyaline. Female. — Black, shining, clothed with a short pale pubescence, more obvious ill certain lights ; face densely punctured, the clypeus rounded in front, the margin somewhat reflexed and polished ; palpi pale ; an- tennje as long as the body, black, sometimes tinged with rufous beneath, the 8th to 12th joints Avhite above, the ord to 6th joints proportioned as in limatus, but longer and slenderer. Thorax shining, densely punc- tured; tegulaj whitish ; metathorax sculptured as in limatm. Wings almost hyaline, very faintly tinged with fuliginous; nervures and stigma black ; areolet quadrangular, as in limatm. Legs rufous, the four an- terior pair paler in front ; the coxjie, trochanters, tips of the posterior femora, and their tibiae black ; posterior tarsi black, the second, third and fourth joints white. Abdomen oblong-ovate, rufous, highly pol- ished; basal segment much arcuated, elongate and slender, not much dilated at tip, the apical third subquadrate, the angles not prominent ; ovipositor shorter than the abdomen. Length 4 lines; expanse of wings 7 lines. i/ai.— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. Closely resembles G. limatus, but is smaller and distinguished at once by the color of the legs, which is mostly rufous, with the posterior tarsi mostly white ; the basal segment of the abdomen is more linear and not so abruptly quidrate at the tip. 300 [September This and the three preceding species are remarkably similar in their general appearance, but may be readily distinguished by the following characters : — C. amer-icamts has the antennfe very slender, except the basal joint, and entirely black, the 6th joint about 4th the length of the 3rd ; the face just beneath the antennae has a small, obtuse, rounded tubercle ; the clypeus is small and rather prominent ; the mesothorax has two deeply impressed lines ; the areolet of the wings is 5-angular or sub- triangular ; the legs are almost entirely black ; the abdomen is shining, but not polished, and the ovipositor is about as long as the abdomen. C persimilis has all the characters of atnericanus, except that the legs are mostly rufous instead of black. C. limatus is more robust; has the antennae much stouter and annu- lated, the 6th joint nearly as long as the 3rd; the face broader, shorter and without the frontal tubercle; the clypeus is twice as large and not prominent, but broadly rounded in front ; the mesothorax has no deeply impressed lines ; the areolet of the wings is almost quadrate ; the meta- thorax has two transverse carinse; the legs are almost entirely black, but shorter ; the abdomen is ovate, more robust, highly polished, the basal segment flattened and suddenly quadrate at tip, and the ovipositor is very short. C. similis has all the characters of limatus, except that it is smaller, less robust, the antennae rather longer, more slender and the joints longer, the legs mostly rufous, the posterior tarsi broadly annulated with white, the basal segment of the abdomen more linear and the ovi- positor longer. 15. Cryptus albitarsis, n. sp. Black, densely sculptured; most of legs and abdomen except tip, rufous; posterior tarsi white ; wings subhyaline. Male. — Robust, black, densely sculptured, slightly pubescent ; head densely punctured, face flat, clypeus shining, palpi fuscous; antennae about as long as the body, rather slender, black, 2nd joint beneath and extreme base of the 3rd, rufous, the joints rather indistinct, the 3rd longest, 4th shorter and subequal with the two or three following joints. Thorax finely and densely rugose, somewhat shining ; mesothorax densely punctured, the dorsal lines not well impressed ; scutellum flat, punctured; metathorax more coarsely rugose, somewhat reticulated, a 1864.] 301 well-defined transverse carina at base, afld another one a little behind the middle, slightly arcuated and subobsolete in the middle and more prominent and acute on each side where the tubercles are usually placed; tegulas black. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with fuscous; nervures and stigma black ; areolet large, subquadrate. Legs rufous, their coxae and trochanters, except the apical half of the posterior pair, black ; posterior femora at tip and their tibiae dusky, their tarsi white, the extreme base and apex black. Abdomen oblong-subovate, not much longer than the head and thorax, rufous, polished; apical two-thirds of the oth, and the whole of the followiug segments, black ; on the apical third of the 3rd and 4th segments a transverse, rather indistinct, black- ish line ; basal segment protuberant at tip, with a well-developed tuber- cle on each side of the apical third; 2nd segment broad and flattened, the basal foveae shallow. Length 3i lines; expanse of wings 6 hues. ^f^^,._Delaware. Dr. Thos B. Wilson. Easily distinguished by its robust form, short abdomen, dense sculp- ture and white posterior tarsi. 16. Cryptus pumilus, n. sp. Black ; smooth, base of antennEe, legs, and abdomen, except 1st segment, ru- fous; wings subhyaline ; basal segment of abdomen black, striated. Female. — Black, shining ; mandibles and palpi testaceous ; antenna; more than half the length of the body, rather stout, blackish, the basal third pale rufous. Thorax smooth and polished ; scutellum flattened, smooth and polished, with a transverse, striated excavation in front; metathorax with the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area large, reniform and striated obliquely, the posterior declivity rather abrupt and also striated, the lateral tubercles prominent ; tegulae yel- lowish. Wings hyaline, the anterior pair slightly tinged with fuscous, iridescent ; nervures and stigma pale at base, the latter rather large ; areolet small, 5-angular. Legs, with their coxae, entirely pale rufous, the posterior tibiae at tips, dusky. Abdomen ovate, long and slender at base, somewhat flattened, polished, rufous; basal segment black, long, slender, gradually dilated towards the tip, which is longitudinally stri- ated above, and with two longitudinal carinae extending nearly the whole length of the segment, the lateral tubercles not visible, the ex- treme lateral margins at tip, yellow ; the following segments together 302 [September ovate, apical segment slightly tinged with yellowish ; ovipositor very short, rufous. Length 2\ lines; expanse of wings 4 lines. ^a6.— Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. Wilson. 17. Cryptus subargenteus, n. sp. Black, silvery--iericeous ; legs and abdomen, except 1st segment, rufous : wings hyaline, iridescent. Female. — Black, clothed with a very fine silvery-sericeous pile, most obvious on the face ; head rather large, transverse ; face short and broad; eyes prominent; clypeus, vertex, occiput and cheeks, polished; a spot on each mandible, and the palpi, whitish ; antennie three-fourths the length of the body, slender, brown, tinged with rufous at base and beneath. Thorax polished ; mesothorax with the dorsal lines well im- pressed ; scutellum flat, polished ; metathorax pubescent, with the ele- vated lines sharply defined, the central area large, elongate-subquadrate ; tegulae pale yellowish. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with fuscous, iridescent ; nervures and stigma fuscous ; areolet sn'iall, 5-angular or subquadrate. Legs slender, pale rufous, the four anterior coxge and trochanters whitish, the posterior tibi3, black. Abdomen robust, ovate, pale rufous, shining; basal segment arcuated, broad at tip, slender at base, polished; the 5th and apical segments black, polished, the seventh segment above with a large white spot posteriorly, the fourth segment above is somewhat stained with blackish posteriorly ; ovipositor nearly as long as the abdomen, rufous, valves black. Length 4 lines; ex- panse of wings 6 lines. Hah. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. (Closely allied to C. extrematls^ but readily distinguished by its much shorter and entirely black antennae and by the coloring of the posterior legs. •506 [September 2o. Cryptus incertus, n. sp. Black; anteuuse slightly annulated with white; legs and abdomen bright rufous, the 3 apical segments of the latter black, the terminal one with a large white spot above; wings fusco-hyaline. Female. — Black, finely and densely punctured, subopaque. slightly pubescent; face flat; clypeus shining; mandibles rufous in the middle; palpi piceous ; antennae slender, two-thirds the length of the body, piceous, paler beneath towards the base and again towards the tip, about the middle above a small whitish annulus, 3rd and 4th joints long and subequal, 5th joint shorter, the 6th shorter than the 5th. Thorax finely rugose, the mesothorax indistinctly so, the dorsal lines not well im- pressed ; meiathorax more coarsely rugose, or reticulated, near the base a slight transverse carina, and about the middle another one strongly arcuated anteriorly and ending on each side in a prominent flattened ridge or tubercle; tegulae rufous. Wings subhyaline, uniformly tinged with pale fuscous, slightly iridescent; nervures and stigma fuscous; areolet large, subquadrate. Legs, with their coxae, bright rufous; tips of the posterior femora black, tips of their tibiae and of all the tarsi dusky. Abdomen oblong-ovate, strongly arcuated at base, smooth and polished, bright rufous; apical margin of the 4th segment, and the re- maining segments entirely, except a large white spot on the 7th seg- ment above, black ; ovipositor more than half the length of the abdo- men, rufo-piceous, valves black. Length 3| lines, expanse of wings 6 lines. Hah. — Delaware. Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. Closely allied to C idtimu'i^ but the antennae are longer, with a slight white annulus, the wings darker, and the abdomen not so robust. 24. Cryptus alacris, n. sp. Black: annulus on antennae and spot on tip of abdomen, white; legs and three basal segments of abdomen, rufous : wings hyaline; ovipositor as long as the abdomen. Female. — Black, shining, slightly pubescent; mouth piceous, palpi pale ; antennae more than half the length of the body, rather slender, black, with a whitish annulus about the middle, basal joints beneath sometimes pale rufous. Thorax minutely punctured ; mesothorax smooth and polished ; a line over the collar, sometimes subobsolete, and tegulae, whitish ; metathorax subopaque, minutely rugose, the elevated lines longitudinal and subobsolete, the posterior face deeply excavated, 18G4.] 307 and sometimes tinged with rufous, lateral tubercles scarcely visible. Wings ample, hyaline, iridescent; nervures and stigma black; areolet moderate, 5-angular. Legs, with their coxjb, entirely rufous, moderate. Abdomen oblong-ovate, slender at base, rather broad and sometimes slightly compressed at tip, shining, the three basal segments rufous, the remainder black, with a white spot at tip above; basal segment gra- dually dilated towards the tip, without lateral tubercles ; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, rufo-piceous. Length 2|- lines, expanse of wings 4 2 lines. Hdh. — Delaware (Dr. Wilson) ; Illinois (Dr. Lewis). Resembles C. incertus^ but is much smaller, the antennas shorter and stouter, the wings clear, ovipositor longer, and the color somewhat dif- ferent. Section 5. 25. Cryptus pallidus, n. sp. Pale honey-yellow ; head black, face rufous : antennse black with a white annulus; collar, tegulfe and spot on tip of abdomen, white: wings hyaline. Female. — Pale honey-yellow; head black, most of face, clypeus, and mandibles, rufous ; palpi pale ; antenna? more than half the length of the abdomen, rather slender, black, with a broad white annulus about the middle, the three or four basal joints, especially beneath, pale rufous. Thorax shining; mesothorax polished; the dorsal lines tolerably well impressed ; scutellum slightly convex, polished ; metathorax minutely rugose, subopaque, the elevated lines not well defined, longitudinal, the central area very elongate, broad behind and narrowed in front, the posterior declivity abrupt, the carina bounding it above sharply defined, and ending on each side in a short subacute tubercle. Wings hyaline, faintly tinged with yellowish, iridescent; nervures and stigma pale tes- taceous ; areolet 5-angular, moderate. Legs rather slender, color of the body ; the coxae tinged with yellowish. Abdomen about as long- as the head and thorax, oblong-ovate, slender at base, faintly compressed at tip ; three basal segments opaque, apical segments polished, with an obscure whitish spot at extreme tip above ; basal segments gradually dilated towards the tip, without lateral tubercles; ovipositor two-thirds the length of the abdomen, piceous. Length 3| lines; expanse of wings ;")•] lines. ILih. — Delaware. Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. 308 [September PHYGADEUON, Grav. 1. Phygadeuon major, n. sp. Black ; antennae with a yellowish annulus ; legs and abdomen, except base, rufous, apex with a yellow spot : wings subhyaline. Famale. — Black, shining, clothed with a short, fine, yellowish pube- scence, more obvious when viewed in profile ; face densely and finely punctui'ed ; clypeus polished, tinged with rufous, with a deep fovea on each lateral suture, mandibles also tinged with rufous; palpi testaceous; antennae rather short, stout, involute at tip, black, the 8th to 12th joints yellow, the three basal joints tinged with rufous, beyond the an- nulus beneath the joints are obscurely ferruginous. Thorax shining, finely and closely punctured, the mesothorax flattened, less distinctly punctui'ed ; scutellum polished, obscure rufous, as well as a transverse spot behind it ; metathorax rugose, a rather large subquadrate, almost smooth, shining space on each side at base, the elevated lines sharply defined, the central area moderate, 6-angular, posterior face suddenly depressed and bounded above by a sharply defined carina, arcuated in the middle and prominent on each side ; tegulas rufous. Wings hya- line, slightly tinged with yellowish; nervures and stigma ferruginous; areolet o-angular. Legs stout, rufous ; posterior coxae, except tips, black, their femora and tihias at tips blackish. Abdomen stout, about as long as the head and thorax, ovate, highly polished, rufous, base of the 1st segment black, its tip broad, the petiole short and stout, on the apical third two short well defined longitudinal carinae, and the lateral margins also acutely carinated ; apical segment with a large yellow spot; ovipositor short, rufous. Length 4| lines; expanse of wings 7 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. This is the largest species of this genus so far known to me. 2. Phygadeuon annulatus. n. sp. Black : annulus on antennse, tegulse, and spot on apex of abdomen, whitish ; legs and abdomen, except three apical segments, rufous: wings subhyaline. Female. — Black, shining; face punctured, the vertex, occiput and cheeks polished; most of the clypeus, the mandibles and palpi, pale rufous; antennae more than half the length of the body, rather stout, fuscous, tinged with rufous at base and again towards the tip, the 7th to 12th joints white, not so broad beneath. Thorax minutely sculp- tured, shining; mesothorax polished, somewhat flattened, apparently 1864.] 300 inipunctured, the dorsal lines tolerably well impressed ; metathorax iu- distinctly sculptured, the elevated lines obsolete, abruptly truncate be- hind ; tegulaj pale yellowish. Wings subhyaline, tinged with pale fuscous ; nervures and stigma pale fuscous, paler at base ; areolet 5- angular. Legs, with their coxae, rufous, the posterior tibiae dusky at tips. Abdomen subovate, somewhat flattened, about as long as the head and thorax, rufous, shining; base of the 1st and the three apical segments, except a pale yellowish spot on the last segment above, black ; apical half of 1st segment dilated and truncate, the petiole stout; ovi- positor rather more than half the length of the abdomen. Length 3 lines ; expanse of wings 5 lines. Hab. — Delaware. Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. 3. Phygadeuon cincticornis, n. sp. Black, polished; annulus on antennae and spot on tip of abdomen, yellowish; mouth, legs and three basal segments of abdomen, rufous: wings hyaline; ovi- 2)ositor long. Female. — Black, polished, slightly pubescent; most of the face, cly- peus, mandibles, except tips, and palpi, dull rufous; antennae about as long as the head and thorax, stout, black, the three basal joints beneath rufous, the 9th to 12th joints pale yellowish, spotted with blackish be- neath, basal joint very robust. Thorax polished, minutely punctured; dorsal lines of mesothorax obsolete ; scutellum flattened, punctured ; metathorax minutely sculptured, the sides pubescent and shining, the elevated lines tolerably well defined, the central area elongate, narrow ; tegulas piceous. Wings hyaline, slightly iridescent; nervures and stigma black, pale at base; areolet 5-angular. Legs, with their coxae, entirely rufous. Abdomen elongate, polished, dull rufous, the 4th and following segments black, the apex with a small yellowish spot; basal segments slightly and gradually dilated to the tip, without lateral tu- bercles; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, rufous. Length 3} lines; expanse of wings 6 lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. t. Phygadeuon montanus, n. sp. Black, polished; antennae, legs and abdomen, dull rufous; wings subhyaline; metathorax deeply excavated behind. Female. — Black, polished, thinly clothed with pale pubescence; head sub({uadrate ; face, beneath the antennae, slightly protuberant; mouth 310 [September piceous, palpi pale ; antennae short and stout, involute, rufous, with a white sericeous pile. Thorax polished, without distinct punctures; mesothorax flattened, with a few subobsolete punctures on the disk ; scutellum flat, with two deep, subtransverse excavations in front ; me- tathorax almost smooth, shining, the elevated lines distinct, the central area large and semicircular, and immediately behind it a very deep, abrupt, arcuated excavation, the carina bounding it in front ends each side in an obtuse flattened tubercle; tegulae rufous. Wings subhyaline, slightly iridescent, the anterior pair tinged with fuscous, the posterior pair clearer ; nervures fuscous, paler at base, stigma black ; areolet subquadrate, moderate. Legs thickened, rufous, clothed with a short whitish pile ; most of the posterior coxae and their femora, as well as the middle femora slightly, more or less blackish. Abdomen about as long as the head and thorax, flattened, highly polished, subovate, dark rufous, sides blackish ; first segment robust, arcuated, broadly dilated at tip, with a slight tubercle on each side of the posterior third, petiole short and .stout; apical segments slightly incurved ; ovipositor short, rufous. Length 3i lines; expanse of wings 5 lines. Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado Territory. 5. Phygadeuon vulgaris, u. sp. Black; basal twu-thirds of antennae, legs and abdomen, rufous ; wings sub- hyaline ; metathorax deeply excavated behind. Female. — Black, shining, slightly pubescent; head sub((uadrate. mandibles dull rufous, palpi pale yellowish ; antennae short and stout, basal two-thirds pale rufous, often paler towards the middle, apical third piceous, basal joint robust, elongate. Thorax polished, densely and minutely punctured; mesothorax somewhat flattened; scutellum flat, polished, sparsely punctured, with two deep, slightly transverse exca- vations in front; metathorax finely rugose, with a polished space on each side at base enclosed by elevated lines, which are tolerably dis- tinct, the central area rather large, transversely and irregularly sub- ([uadrate, immediately behind it a very deep, abrupt, arcuated excava- tion, and on each side of it a prominent, flattened, obtuse tubercle ; tegulfe rufous. Wings hyaline, slightly but uniformly tinged with fuscous, faintly iridescent; nervures and stigma fuscous; areolet mode- rate. Legs, with their coxje, pale rufous, posterior pair darker and often more or less dusky. Abdomen about as long as the head and 1864.] 311 thorax, ovate, flattened, highly polished, bright rufous, the extreuie base sometimes blackish and the extreme apex sometimes slightly yel- lowish and pubescent ; basal segment squarely dilated at tip, forming a slight angle on each side about the middle, petiole short and stout ; ovi- positor about half the length of the abdomen, rufous. Length 2 J — 3-] lines; expanse of wings 4^ — 5J lines. ^«/;.— Penn., Del. (Dr. >yilson); Illinois (Dr. Lewis). Ten 9 spe- cimens. This is our most common species; it varies much in size, and the ru- fous color is sometimes very pale, the antennje are always black at tips and in some specimens there is a more or less pale annulus, the rufous color at base gi-adually shading into pale yellowish towards the middle. t). Phygadeuon subfascus. n. sp. Black, shining: base of antennae, legs and abdomen, except base, dark rii- I'ous; wings subhyaline ; metathorax excavated behind ; ovipositor very short. Female. — Black, polished ; head transversely subquadrate, entirely black ; palpi pale ; antennge half the length of the body, stout, rufous, gradually shading into fuscous towards the apex. Thorax minutely punctured; mesothorax somewhat flattened, polished and feebly and sparsely punctured ; scutellum triangular, slightly depressed, with a transverse, rather deep excavation in front; metathorax finely sculp- tured, a large shining space on each side at base, the elevated lines dis- tinct, the central area moderate, semicircular, and immediately behind it a deep, abrupt excavation, the tubercle on each side scarcely visible. Wings hyaline, fiintly tinged with pale fuscous ; uervures and stigma pale fuscous, paler at base ; areolet 5-angular. Legs, including the coxae, rufous, the posterior tibiae and tarsi dusky. Abdomen as long- as the head and thorax, ovate, flattened, polished, dark rufous or rufo- fuscoiis; basal segment black, gradually dilated towards the tip, cari- nated laterally and with a shallow fovea on the disk, petiole rather short and stout; ovipositor subexserted. Length 3 J lines; expanse of wings 5 J lines. Hah. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. 7. Phygadeuon mandibulaiis, n. sj). Black: mandibles, ba-se of antennae, tegulae, legs and abdomen, rufous: wings subhyaline: mandibles very large and pubescent. Female. — Black, shining, slightly pubescent, more dense on the face; 312 [September head densely punctured ; clypeus very transverse, fringed with pale pubescence, and tinged with dark rufous ; mandibles very prominent, long and rather slender, deeply bifid at tips, which are black, the rest rufous and pubescent ; palpi pale rufous ; antennae short and stout, in- volute, rufous at base, yellowish in the middle, and fuscous at tip, the apical third beneath tinged with rufous. Thorax densely and finely punctured ; mesothorax and scutellum flattened, the latter with two deep, slightly transverse excavations in front; elevated lines of the me- tathorax sharply defined, the central area rather large, transverse and irregular, on each side of it are two spaces, the basal one large, some- what rounded, smooth and shining, the posterior one smaller, oblique, irregular and striated, posterior declivity abrupt, the lateral tubercles scarcely visible ; tegulae rufous. Wings subhyaline, slightly and uni- formly tinged with fuscous ; nervures fuscous, stigma pale fulvous ; areolet 5-angular. Legs, with their coxae, rufous, pubescent. Abdo- men subovate, polished, dark rufous ; basal segment gradually dilated towards the tip which is broad and depressed, without lateral tubercles; ovipositor short, rufous. Length 3| lines; expanse of wings 5f linos. Hab. — Illinois. Dr. Samuel Lewis. Easily distinguished from all the other species known to me by the very prominent mandibles. Genus MESOSTENUS, Grav. 1. Mesostenus albopictus, n. sp. Black, variegated with white markings ; antennse long, with a broad white annulus ; legs yellow, posterior pair very long, mostly black ; wings hyaline ; abdomen banded with white ; metathorax with two acute spines or tubercles. Male. — Black, shining, slightly pubescent; face beneath the anten- nae, orbits, very broad behind, clypeus, labrum, base of mandibles, and the palpi, white; antennae longer than the body, porrect, the 12th to 19th joints white. Thorax black, shining, densely punctured, the dor- sal lines deeply impressed ; a line on the collar above and sides, a line or spot in front of the anterior coxae, a round spot on the disk of meso- thorax, tegulae, a broad sutural line before and a spot beneath the fore- wings, a large, elongate, irregular mark on each side of the pleura, as well as a slightly oblique line just bene:ith it in front of the middle coxae, and a large transverse mark immediately behind the posterior wings, all white ; scutellum subconvex, shining, punctured, its apex 1864.] 318 white as well as a narrow marginal line extending to the base of the posterior wings; the carina on each side in front of the scutellum and a spot on postscutellum, also white ; metathorax coarsely and conflu- ently punctured, clothed with pale pubescence, the transverse carina in front sharply defined, the lateral tubercles strongly developed and acute; a broad, elongate mark on each side constricted and pointed before, two short, approximate lines in front of the tubercles sometimes confluent with them, and two broad lines covering the tubercles and extending to the posterior margin where they become confluent with the lateral marks, all white. Wings hyaline, sometimes faintly tinged with fus- cous; nervures and stigma black; areolet minute, quadrate. Legs long and slender, especially the posterior pair, pale yellowish ; the four anterior coxi>? and trochanters and a broad line on the posterior coxa? behind, white ; rest of the posterior coxae, their trochanters at base, their femora entirely, the apical fourth of their tibiae, and extreme tips of all the tarsi, black. Abdomen short, slender, fusiform, about as long as the head and thorax, black, polished ; the peduncle, and apical mar- gins of all the segments, broadly white. Length of body lines, of antennae 7 lines, of posterior legs 10 lines; expanse of wings llj lines. Hah. — Delaware. Dr. Thos. B. "Wilson. This is a very conspicuous species and readily distinguished by its very elongate antennte and posterior legs, in which respect it resembles certain species of the genus Arotes. 2. Mesostenus albomaculatus. n. sp. Black; autennte with a broad white aiinulus ; orbits, spot ou clypeus and mandibles, a round spot on the disk of thorax and several on the sides, scutel- lum, two large oval spots on metathorax, and apical margins of the abdominal segments, white; legs pale fulvous, posterior pair varied with black and white; wings hyaline; ovipositor short. Female. — Black, slightly pubescent ; the orbits interrupted behind and very broad on the cheeks, a spot on the clypeus, middle of man- dibles and the palpi, white; antennae rather longer than the body, por- rect, black, the 9th to 13th joints white, spotted beneath with black. Thorax densely punctured, the dorsal lines rather deeply impressed in front, obsolete behind ; a round spot on the disk of the mesothorax, tegulae, an elongate spot before and another beneath the anterior wings, a large spot just behind the posterior wings, another on each side of 314 [September the pleura and a Hue on each side of the pectus, white ; scutelhim polished, with a large white spot covering almost its entire surfiice. be- hiild it a small transverse spot; metathorax finely scabrous, opaque^ the anterior carina well defined, the lateral tubercles prominent but obtuse, on each side posteriorly a large oval white spot covering the tubercles. Wings hyaline ; nervures and stigma black ; areolet larger than usual, quadrate. Legs pale fulvous, the anterior and middle coxae, a large spot on the posterior coxae, an annulus near the base of their tibiae and their tarsi, except extreme base and apex which are black, white ; rest of posterior coxae and tibiae and the extreme tips of their femora black. Abdomen robust, ovate, shining, black, densely and finely punctured ; basal segment about as long as the second, stout, the apex broad, convex and rather deeply punctured, petiole short and ro- bust, flattened and polished ; apical margins of all the segments white, those of the three basal segments broad ; apical segments polished ; ovipositor short, scarcely half the length of the abdomen, rufo-piceous, valves black. Length 5 lines ; expanse of wings 9 lines. Hab. — Pennsylvania. Mr. George Newman. More robust than Al. albojjictuSjVfith the posterior legs much shorter. The ornamentation is, however, very different. 3. Mesostenus thoracicus. n. sp. Yellowish-rufous ; head, antennae, mesothorax and pectus, black, with white lines; antennse with abroad white annulus; ovipositor as long as the abdo- men ; posterior tarsi % , white. Female. — Head black; orbits, interrupted behind and broad on the cheeks, a large spot on the face just beneath the antennae sometimes confluent on each side with the orbits, the clypeus, labrum, s])0t on mandibles, and the palpi, white; antennae nearly as long as the body, black, the 8th to 13th joints white. Thorax : mesothorax and pectus black, densely and deeply punctured, the dorsal lines deeply impressed; the collar above, tegulae, a broad sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, and an oblique line on each side of the pectus, white; pleura yellowish-rufous; scutellum, subcouvex, shining, black, its lateral margins and the carina on each side which connects it with the mesothorax, white, having the appearance of a V ; postscutellum also black, with a white spot beneath the scutellum ; metathorax densely punctured, slightly pubescent, shining, entirely yellowish-rufous, rather 1864.] 315 abruptly truncate behind, the elevated lines indistinct, the lateral tu- bercles small and acute or subacute. Wings hyaline ; nervures and stigma black, the latter with a pale spot at base ; areolet very minute, quadrate. Legs yellowish-rufous, the four anterior coxae whitish, the posterior tibiae sometimes obfuscated, their tarsi yellowish. Abdomen elongate, subovate, shining, yellowish-rufous ; basal segment polished, the apical third quadrate ; sometimes the terminal segment is tinged with yellow ; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, rufo-piceous, valves black. Length 4 — 5-j lines; expanse of wings (U — 8 lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but is more slender, the antennae are rather longer than the body, the annulus distinct above, but indistinctly defined beneath and yellowish ; the fice is entirely white ; the space between the anterior and middle coxfe is also white; the extreme base of the metathorax is blackish ; the four anterior coxfe and trochanters are white, as well as the posterior tarsi, except extreme base and apex which are black ; the extreme tips of the posterior femora and most of their tibiae also black, and the apical segments of the abdomen are sometimes obfuscated, pi-obably from discoloration. Length 4 lines ; expanse of wings 7 lines. Hah. — X. Y. (Grote) ; Penn. (Cresson) ; Delaware (Dr. Wilson). This species is easily distinguished by its pale rufous color, with the head and mesothorax black variegated with white lines. 4. Mesostenus gracilis, a. sp. Pale yellowish-rufous ; head, antennse and mesothorax black, varied with white: wings subhyaline, iridescent; metathorax unarmed. Male. — Pale yellowish-rufous, slender, shining; head black; the or- bits, interrupted behind, a large spot on the face confluent with the orbits, clypeus, most of mandibles, and the palpi, white; antennae long, porrect, entirely black. Thorax shining; mesothorax black, the dorsal lines deeply impressed ; pectus also black ; tegulse, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the wings, and a line on the collar extending down on each side of pectus, white ; anterior part of the pleura stained with blackish and having an obscure whitish spot on each side between the anterior and middle coxae ; scutelluni and postscutellum black, po- lished, the former with its tip and lateral margins narrow white, ex- tending forward upon the lateral carinas, in the shape of a V ; meta- 316 [September thorax yellowish-rufous, its base blackish, the elevated lines not well defined, the lateral tubercles wanting'. Wings subhyaline, slightly stained with fuscous, iridescent ; nervures and stigma fuscous ; areolet minute, quadrate. Legs slender, yellowish-rufous, the four anterior coxae and trochanters white beneath, black above, as well as the poste- rior trochanters above; posterior tibiaj and tarsi more or less obfuscated. Abdomen elongate and slender, subcylindric, shining ; basal segment linear; apical segments polished, slightly obfuscated. Length 3} lines; expanse of wings 5 lines. ^a6.— Virginia. Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. Closely allied to M. thoracic us, but is much smaller and slenderer, the antennae are entirely black and the posterior legs are differently colored. h. Mesostenus? fulvus, u. sp. Fulvous; head black, the face and orbits, white: antennae black with a white aunulus : wings hyaline; posterior tarsi white. Male. — Fulvous, shining ; head black, the face, orbits very broad on the cheeks, clypeus, mandibles and palpi, white; antennae rather longer than the body, porrect, black, the 11th to 13th or 14th joints white, the basal joint beneath with a white spot. Thorax opaque above, the dorsal lines very deeply impressed and black ; tegulae, a sutural line before and a short line beneath the anterior wings, line on the collar extending down its sides, a line on the pleura in front and a spot before the middle coxaj, white ; scutellum slightly convex, fulvous, the lateral carinje in front white, the space on each side blackish ; postscutellum with a fulvous transverse spot; metathorax fulvous, blackish at extreme base, the posterior face tinged with whitish, the elevated lines sharply defined, the lateral tubercles strongly developed, rather obtuse and white. Wings hyaline, iridescent; nervures and stigma blackish-fus- cous, the latter with a longitudinal, fulvous line through the center; areolet small, quadrate, the outer nervure indistinct or wanting. Legs fulvous, the four anterior pair yellow in front, the posterior pair very long, somewhat tinged with brown ; the four anterior coxae and tro- chanters, and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th joints of the posterior tarsi, pure white. Abdomen rather short; a little longer than the head and tho- rax, subovate, shining, reddish-fulvous; basal segment about as long as the second, apical half bi'oad. convex, petiole short, stout, flattened ; 1864.] 317 apical segments sometimes tinged with yellowish. Length o' n ^^-^ ^r^^^ 1864.] 327 rounded by the t. p. line and excavated posteriorly; the t. p. line is acutely dentate, the two prominent teeth much larger and very acute,, the dark spots in the terminal interspaces are more reduced ; the yel- low of the posterior wings is paler and the median band wider, less con- stricted on the disc and terminating obtusely before internal margin ; the general coloration of anterior wings is much the same as in C. ne- oqama. From C. piatrix Grote, C. palstofjama Guenee, and G. jjIui- Janga Grote, its next nearest allies, the present species is sufficiently distinct as to render detailed comparisons unnecessary. STATED MEETING, October 10. President Bland in the Chair. The following Papers were presented for publication : — '• List of Diurnal Ijcpidoptera found in the vicinity of Cleveland, Ohio, by John Kirkpatrick." •' Synopsis of the Bombycidae of the United States, Part 2, by A. S. Packard, Jr., M. D." " On Phytophagic varieties and Phytoghagic species, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A." " On the insects, Dipterous, Coleopterous and Lepidopterous, inhab- iting the galls of certain species of Willow, by Benj. D. Walsh, M. A." " Description of the female of Argynnis Di;ina, by Wm. H. Edwards." " Notes on the Argynuides of California, by Wm. H. Edwards." " Descriptions of two new genera of North American Ichneumonidac, by E. T. Cresson." On ballot, Mr. John Kirkpatrick, of Cleveland, Ohio, and Mr. Julius 3Ieyer, of Brooklyn, L. I., were elected Corresponding Mcmhim. STATED .AIEETING, November 14. President Bland in the Chair. The following papers were presented for publication : — "Descriptions of North American Lepidoptera, No. 5, by Aug. K. Grote." 328 [October r '• Notes upoa Exotic Lepidoptera, chiefly from the Philippine Islands, with descriptions of some new species, by Tryon Reakirt." '' North American Micro-Lepidoptera, by B. Clemens, M. D." " Notes on some Sphingidae. with descriptions of their Larvae and Pupte, by J. A. Lintner." •• Descriptions of several new species of Cynips, and a new species of Diastrophus, by H. F. Bassett." " Notes on the Synonymy of certain species of North American Lepidoptera, by Aug. R. Grote." '■ On the Hymenoptera of Cuba, by E. T. Cresson." '' Descriptions of new species of Cuban Lepidoptera, by C. A. Blake." •' Descriptions of two new species of Masaris, by E. T. Cresson." '• Catalogue of Cuban Coleoptera, in the Collection of the Entomo- logical Society of Philadelphia, by Jas. H. B. Bland." •• Notes on Cuban Sphingid^e. in the Collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, hj Aug. R. Grote." And were referred to Committees. On ballot. ^Ir. Rufus Bucknel of Philad. was elected a Resident Member^ and Prof. J. 0. Westwood of England, Messrs. Jas. Angus of West Farms, N. Y., and Charles Sonne of Chicago, 111., were elected (JorresponiUng Membfrs. List of DIURNAL LEPIDOPTERA found in the Vicinity of Cleveland. Ohio. BY JOHN KTRKPATRTCK. Papillo fu7-)ius, Linn. Common. The dark variety does not occur. Papilio froilus, Linn. Common latter part of summer. Papilio (isterias, Fab. Very plentiful some seasons, always common. Papilio phile nor, Fab. Common latter part of summer. Papilio cresphontes. Cram. Rare; four specimens only are known to have been taken here. Papilio ajax, Sm. & Abb. Common where pawpaw bushes are. Papilio marrrllas. Cram. ^lore numerous than the preceding in same localities. 1804.] y^i* Pi'eris protodice, Boisd. Very pluntiful, especially in the fiill, and «'vidently increasing. Co/ids philodice, Grodt. Very abundant. Some of the females are very pale, almost white. This fall a variety is common that differs con- siderably from the usual one. Both sexes are nearly alike ; the feuiale being the larger and rather paler than the male; both are suljihur- yellow above; the black border rather wider in the female, without yellow spots, but is powdered with minute yellow specks. The rosy fringe in both sexes is wanting. Danais archippus, S. & A. Throughout the summer and fall this is our most common species, owing to the abundance of its food-plant. The larva seems to feed indiscriminately on all our species of Asclepias. Aryynnh n/hele^ Godt. Very common ; but until recently has been confounded with Aphrodite. Our species agrees exactly with figure in Boisduval & Leconte's work. Anjj/nnis Aphrodite, Fab. Found occasionally, but less seldom than the preceding species. Argi/nnis rohimhiiia, Grodt. Very rare ; but one specimen known to have been captured. Argijnnis Ixdlona, Godt. Common latter part of summer. Terias lisa, Boisd. Rare; has been taken ; L d(i not possess a specimen. Melitfea tharos, Cram. Very common. Vanessa J-Album, Boisd. Not common. Vanessa pror/ne, Cram. Occasitmally found. Vanessa antiopa, Linn. Very common all the season ; this year rarer than usual. Vanessa Mllberti, Godt. Seldom seen. Grap)ta interrogationis, Fab. One of our most common species. Grapta comma, Harris. Common. Pyrameis atalanta, ]jinn. Usually quite common, but have not seen a specimen this season. Pi/rameis cardui, Linn. In some seasons plentiful, in others rare. Pi/ranicis huntera, Sm. & Abb. More aboundant, and occurs more regularly than cardui. Xijmpludis dissippns, Godt. Common in the fidl. . Nymplialis Ursula, Fab. Rather rare, although occasionally found in a few localities. 830 [October Neomjmjtha nir^tkris. Fab. Never numerous, but occasionally found in grain fields. N^eoni/mjjlia canthus, Linn. Rare. Arffus pifrni7(ir(jw/us, Boisd & Lee. Common. Poh/ominiifna comt/ufas, Godt. Not uncommon. Polj/omm(if)is thoc, Boisd & Lee. A very common species. PoJi/ommatu>i americdna, Harris. A common species at the end of August and during September. Often confounded with the female of fhoe; and although on the upper side there is considerable resemblance, beneath there is a great diiference. Americaita has the primaries beneath of a bright coppery-red with a tawny border answering to the black above, with ninf black spots edged with tawny opposite the right above, except the ninth, which has no corresponding one on the upper side, and is situated close to the shoulder ; on the inner part of the tawny border there is a partial black band. The secondaries are tawny beneath with about fifteen black dots, and a serrated, narrow coppery band, beginning at the inner angle and extending two-thirds across; fringe tawny with no black spots or markings. It is always a smaller species than thoe. Pi)lijommatus cplxantlie, Boisd. Not plentiful. Thecla /avonius, Godt. Rare. Thecla humnli. Harris. More common. Specimens of both the above species are in the collection of Prof. Kirtland of this place, and were identified by the late Dr. Harris. Hesperia hiiron, Edwards. Common. Hespen'a tineas. Edwards. I have a single 9 specimen, caught in the neighborhood by myself. Hesperia hathyJlus, S. & A. Occurs at Rockport, 4 miles from here. Nisoniades juvenaHs, Sm. & Abb. Common in some localities. Nisoniades eatidhis, Godt. Found at Rockport. Goniloha titjjrus^ Fab. Common every year. Pamphila bvIeHfa, Boisd. Found at Rockport, Pamphila Peekii, Kirby. Found at Rockport. There is no doubt but additions to this list may yet be made, espe- cially in Hesperia and the other smaller butterflies. Until recently it was very difiicult for ils here to identify a specimen of the more obscure species, when caught. 1864.] 331 Synopsis of the BOMBYCID^ of the United States. BY A. S. PACKARD, JR.. M. D. PART II. Subfomily DASYCHiRiE Hiibner. Following the law of priority the usual name Liparidse Boisd. must be dropped for Hubuer's terra Dfm/chirs&. This is group " D " " Larrae FascieulatfB " of Deuis aud Schiflfermiller (W. V.). In 1816 it was clearly circumscribed by Hiibner in the '• Verzeichniss bekannter Schmetterlinge" forming " Strips II Hi/pogymnise, Strips III Leiicomse and Strips IV Dasi/cMrse" of his second " Tribus." As thus limited by this author we find the group a perfectly natural one, no genera be- longing to the neighboring groups being found in it. We have selected the name of the last strips for the subfamily name, since it contains the more typical genera. ORGYIA Ochsenheimer. Orgyia nora Fitch. Orgyia antiqua? Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Morris. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 249. (1862). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 203. (1841). Orgyia nora Fitch, Eighth Report on Noxious Insects of N. York, p. 675. (1864). On comparing the males of this species with two specimens of 0. antiqua received from Professor Zeller of Meseritz, Prussia, I find that, as Dr. Fitch remarks, our species is slightly darker both above and on the under side of the body than its European representative. This species has occurred to me abundantly at Brunswick, Me., where I have never taken 0. leucostigma, but simply seen it on the wing, Oct. 5. It flies in the hot sunshine early in September. Mr. Sanborn has given me a specimen less than half the usual size. Norway, Me., Smith (Mus. Comp. Zool.). Medford, Mass. (Trouvelot). Brookline (Shurt- lefi-). Orgyia leucostigma Harris. Phalaena leucostigma Smith, NIat. Hist. Lep. Ins. Ga,, p. 157. Tab. 79. (1797). Orgyia leucostigma Harris, Report Ins. Mass. p. 262. (1841). Walk , List Lep. Br. Mus. Ft. IV. p. 786. (1855). Fitch, Third Report Nox. Ins. N. York, pp. 338, 364. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 249. (1862). [October Medford, Mass. (Trouvelot). Boston, (Sanborn, Shurtleff). Nor- way, Me., (Smith, M. C. Z.)- Brunswick, Me. Flying Oct. 5. Orgyia deflnita, n. sp. Umber brown. Head, thorax, base and inner margin of primaries more testaceous. A faint basal dark straight transverse line. Beyond and near the linear lunate discal spot which is surrounded by the tes- taceous brown, is an indistinct nearly straight line. An outer very dis- tinct curved line, being straight from the costa to where it is angulated on the 5th subcostal nervule, and again half way between the discal spot and internal margin. Beyond this line on the costa is an oblong (lark well defined spot succeeded by a submarginal row of dots, ending ill a wuite spot near the internal margin. Beneiith lighter. Lines faintly seen beneath, the outer one extend- ing faintly on to the secondaries, which have a discal dot. The markings are much more distinct in this species than in 0. hu- cosfigma, while the outer line is angulated nearer the middle. Length of body 9 • -60; exp. wings, 1.20 inch. Boston, (Sanborn). Orgyia vetusta Boisd. Orgyia vetusta Boisd., Lep. Cal. (Ann. Ent. Soc. France), p. 49. (1852.) Walk., List Lep. Br. Mus. Pt. IV. p. 786. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 250. (1862). California, (Boisd.). PARORGYIA nov. gen. Body stout. Head broad and square in front. Antennae and palpi much as in Orgyia. The thorax is provided with a median tuft of me- tallic scales. The fore wings of the male are shorter than the body ; costa a little bent at the outer third; outer margin hardly oblique, con- vex, base of the wing broader than in Orgyia. In 9 the wing is much more pointed at the apex, and the outer margin is much more oblique. The secondaries in both sexes are more rounded at the apex than in Orgyia. Abdomen tipped with a spreading tuft; on the second and third rings a tuft of metallic scales. This genus more closely resembles Orgyia than the European Dasy- chira, of which D. jjudibunda is the type. Much larger than Orgyia, the palpi are shorter, more drooping, the antennae are provided with shorter pectinations, and the primaries have the costa straighter in the 1864.] 333 micklle and towards the base, while it is more convex towards the apex, and the outer edge of the wing is less oblique. The females are colored like the males, but the wings are larger. Parorgyia achatina Hiibner. Phaltzna achatina Smith. Nat. Hist. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 15.3. Tab. 77. (1797). Dast/chira achatitia Hiibn., Samml. E.xot. Schra. Bd. 1. PI. 17S, fig. 1—4. (1806). Verz. (1816). "Walk. List. Lep. Ins. Br. Mus. Pt. IV. p. 865. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 257. (1862). % . Cinereous fuscous with olive green scales. Base of primaries fuscous, ashen along the costa. An inner broadly dentate straight dark transverse line. A linear discoidal spot. An outer waved dark line goes parallel with the outer margin, bordered externally with fuscous. Abdomen and wings beneath lighter umber brown. Discal spot distinct on both wings, with a common rather broad line. 9 much larger, and all the markings are plainer. Length of body, % .60, 9 .80 ; exp. wings % 1.20, $ 2.00 inches. "July 23— Aug. 10, Cambridge" (Harris). (Harr. Col.). Parorgyia leucophaea. Fhaltena leucophxa Smith, Nat. Hist. Ins. Ga. p. 155. Tab. 78. (1797). G-eorgia (Abbot.) Parorgyia basiflava, n. sp. % . Head and prothorax lighter than the rest of the thorax. Base of the primaries within the basal line yellow. Costa above this yellow spot darker than the rest of the wing, which is cinereous, without any green olive scales. Basal line straight between the median and inter- nal nervure. The outer line approaches the inner on the internal margrin. A larae orbicular discal circle. Beneath lighter, with an obscure common broad diffused line and a discoidal dot on each wing, much larger on the primaries. Length of body .70; exp. wings 1.42 inch. " Nonantum," (Harris). (Coll. Harr.). LAGOA Harris. This is a very stout bodied genus, with small and short wings. The front of the head is broadly triangular; the antennae, which are two- thirds as long as the fore wings, are deeply pectinated to the tip, and the % pectinations are as long as the front of the head is broad, well sealed and their tip.s are incurved, while the 9 pectinations are short 334 [October but distinct. Palpi concealed in the long wool of the front, slender, and not reaching to the front. The thorax is thickly pilose, stout, but no broader than the short and broad abdomen. Primaries a little shorter than the body, two-thirds as broad as long; costa straight, very slightly concave, but rounded at the apex; outer margin oblique, regularly convex ; internal angle rounded. In the 9 the wing is more produced towards the apex, the outer margin being longer. Subcostal nervure goes straight to the apex, throwing off the 1st, 2nd and 3rd subcostal nervules at nearly equal distances upon the costa. Median nervules much as in Orgyia. Secondaries do not reach to the tip of the abdomen ; suborbicular, be- ing regularly rounded from the costa around to the internal margin, though the apex is slightly produced. Median nervure curved where it throws off its nervules. A nervule divides the discoidal area. Legs slender, very pilose, with distinct pencils of hair on the lobes of the tarsal joints. x\t rest the wings are folded at right angles over the abdomen. This interesting genus approaches very closely the genus Eudea in the next subfamily, and connects that group with the more typical ge- nera Orgyia and Euproctis. Resembling Euclea in that the 4th sub- costal is continuous with its nervure, while the 5th is far removed from it, in the antennae, the head characters generally and its light color we find reasons for its present location. When we observe the larva we would easily mistake it for a hairy Limacodes larva, for like them the head is retracted, the body is short, and the legs are so rudimentary as to impart a gliding motion to the caterpillar when it moves. But since it is not apodous, and is somewhat elongated, and densely pilose with short pencils of hairs ; while the pupa is also elongated and pro- tected in an oval cocoon composed of hairs and silk, whereas those of the next subfamily are nearly spherical, we are led to consider it with Dr. Harris as belonging to the present group. Lagoa pyxidifera. Phalcena pyxidifera Smith, Nat. Hist. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 107. Tab. 54. (1797). "Georgia" (Abbot.). Lagoa opercularis. Phalcena opercularis Smith, Nat. Hist. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 105. Tab. 53. (1797). Not Lagoa opercularis Harr., Walk. 1864.] 335 9 • Tawny yellow, thorax paler behind. Basal two-thirds of costa dark, below deeper tawny, covered with wrinkled white hairs. Tibias provided externally with long white hairs, while the denser tarsal hairs are mostly black. Abdomen with rather long dense evenly cut coarse hairs forming a short broad anal tuft. Length of body .65; exp. wings 1.00 inch. Beaufort, N. C, Dr. Kneeland. (Coll. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.). Lagoa crispata n. sp. Lngoa opercularis Harris. Report Ins. Mass. p. 265. (1841). Trichetra opercularis Fitch, Third Rt. Nox. Ins. N. Y. p. 45. (1857). Walk. List. Lep. Ins. Br. Mus. Uniform pale straw yellow. Base of the head, base of the fore legs and tarsi blackish. Very woolly; on the wings the long woolly scales are arranged into transverse waved ridges, which become longitudinal along the costa. On the costa and above the median nervure the crinkled hairs are blackish mingled with paler hairs. Below the middle the wing is discolored with brown. Length of body % ,.56, 9 , .65 ; exp. wings S 1.15, 9 1.28 inch. Mass., June 25 to July 10. (Shurtleff). This fine species differs from the L. opr.rcularis of the Southern States with which it has been confounded, not only in its smaller size and paler colors, but the costa of the forewings is straighter, the apex is much more pointed, and the outer margin is more oblii^ue. The secondaries are likewise more produced. The L. opercularis wants, moreover, the distinct brown discoloration below the black costal border. Among thirteen specimens reared from the blackberry bush by 3Ir. Shurtlefl". the males are more deeply colored than the other sex. The individuals varied but slightly in having the brown middle portion of the wing more or less distinctly separated from the dark costal margin. The larvfe were found feeding upon Rubus vil/osus early in Septem- ber. The following description is taken from specimens preserved in alcohol, and is deficient in the colors of the hairs. Body very short and thick, soft and fleshy. Head very retractile. The mouth-parts are somewhat produced ; the labrum and maxillae are long and large, and the lobes of the labrum are larger than usual. The epimeral ridge along the side of the body is large and prominent, and on the protho- racic ring is much elongated, while the upper fissured edge of the ring is 336 [October elongated and envelops the retractile head like a hood. On the side of the body and just behind e:ieh spiracle is a naked pyriform capitate tubercle. On each side of the body are three rows of sphericle tuber- cles from which arise dense bunches of soft hairs, meeting over the median line of the body in a dorsal ridge. The sides are also thickly clothed with longer silky hairs, those below being stifFer and more ver- ticillate. This arrangement of hairs gives a convex form to the upper side, while beneath the body is flattened. There are seven pairs of abdominal or felse legs which are short and thick. The first pair of thoracic or true legs are much shorter than the two succeeding pairs. The cocoon is long cylindrical, its texture is dense, being formed of the hairs of the larva, closely woven with silk. When the pupa, which is very thin, is about to transform it escapes from the cocoon, as the cast skin is found with the tip of the abdomen remaining in the cocoon. In this respect the genus closely resembles the pupae of the Cochlidi- anfe. Dr. Fitch remarks that " Mr. Westwood's generic name, Tridietra, was published the year before Dr. Harris' name, Lagoa.'' p. 46. 1 find this entry in Agassiz's Nomenclator Zoologicus, " Trichttra White in 'xrey. Journals of two Expeditions of Discovery in Northwest and Western Australia. II. (477), 1841." Dr. Clemens' Phnda laniirjinom^ described from imperfect specimens, seems to be closely alHed to the L. crispafa, but additional specimens from that locality must be obtained before deciding the question of the identity of the two species. Subfamily Cochlidi^ Hiibner. EUCLEA, Hubner. Head square in front, scales long, dense. The clypeus when denuded is broad, narrowing in front. Antennne three-fourths as long as the fore wings, pectinated on their basal half, well scaled; in 9 entirely simple, scaled beneath. Mandibles prominent seen from above. Maxillae nearly obsolete. Labium large, rounded anteriorly. Palpi large, por- rect, extending a little beyond the front; the third joint is conical and concealed by the hairs on the tip of the middle joint. Thorax thick and densely pilose. The primaries are a little shorter 1864.] 337 than the body, twice as long as broad. Costa rounded towards the apex ; outer margin rounded, longer than the inner edge of the wing. In 9 the costa is more rounded at the apex. Secondaries suborbicular, reaching to the tip of the abdomen. Legs large and stout, densely pilose. Abdomen short, but little longer than the head and abdomen together, the tip broadly tufted. Euclea Monitor, n. sp. Lhnacodes cippus Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 30.3. (1841). Third edit. fig. 207. (1862). Euclea cippus Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Limacodes cippus Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Ainer. p. 126. (1862). % . Cinnamon brown. Antennae pale. Costa of primaries straight, apex abruptly rounded ; outer margin above nearly straight, below somewhat oblique and rounded at the internal angle. Upon and be- hind the median nervure are two confluent green spots margined with a row of white and brown scales. Between them is a large sinus filled in with rust red. These two spots are contiguous to three subapical spots, of which the middle one is triangular and largest, beyond it is a rather narrow rust red discoloration. Discal dot very distinct, ovate, brown. A submarginal obscure violet transverse band curves from the basal spot around on to the costa. Fringe darker between the ends of the nervules, interlineated with testaceous. Secondaries lighter, fringe pale. Beneath much paler. 5 . Wings more pointed at the apex than in % . Outer margin oblique. The spots are confluent forming a much broader fascia than % . Length of body, % , .45. 9 , .42; exp. wings % .95, 9 I.IO inch. " Cambr., June 15, Aug. 5" (Harris). Bo.ston (Sanborn, Shurtleff ). We here named this species from the striking resemblance of the larva to the iron-clad war steamer " Monitor." Its form is very regu- larly elliptical, flattened from above, and the conspicuous brown spot represents very exactly the form and position of the '' cheese box" or turret. Add to this its armor of large rough spines, and its fierce brist- ling aspect must be sufficiently alarming to its more lightly clad ene- mies. I have seen a drawing of the supposed larva of this species in the Cambridge Museum. Cramer's Cippus probably belongs to a different genus from Euclea by its more elongated primaries, convex costa and slenderer body, longer 338 [October antennae and more oblique outer edge of the wing. The green spots are arranged in a nearly straight line. From the figure of TAmacodes delphi/in in Griffith's Cuvier, our spe- cies likewise differs. I have been unable to see the original figure of Gruerin. Euclea querceti. ' Limacodes querceti Herr.-Scheeffer, Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. fig. 174. (1854). Euclea quercicola. Limacodes quercicola H.-Sch. Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. fig. 175. (1854). Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. Pt. V. (1855). Morris. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 12fi. (1862). " Penn. Dr. Melsheimer." (Harr. Coll.) Euclea bifida, u. sp. % . Form of the primaries intermediate between E. quercicola and monitor, costa being straight, apex rounded, and the outer margin oblique. A small green bifid basal patch with a sinus externally ex- tends to the basal third of the 4th median norvule, and is lined without with white and brown scales. Beyond a blight ferruginous patch. Three subapical dots situated as usual, of whii'h the upper one is mi- nute, while the middle one is triangular. In one case the two lower dots are united and continued inwards along the 4th subcostal nervule. The discal brown dot is linear. Secondaries ccncolorous with prima- ries, being much darker and longer than usual, and rounded at the apex. Length of body, % .40; exp. wings .90 incb. Brunswick, Me. August. Taken at light. Euclea ferruginea, u. sp. % . More reddish than the other species. Primaries with the costa straight and the outer margin more oblique than usual. Basal green spot small, slightly indented externally. Middle subapical spot large ; lower one obsolete with a few scales connecting it with the reddish dis- cal spot which is margined above with brown. Beyond the green spots the wing is suffused with rust red, of a lighter hue than any of the other species. Outer edge darker, like the costa. Beneath both wings are alike, almost testaceous. Fringe brown. Length of body .45; Exp. wings 1.20 inch. St. Catharines, C. W. (Coll. Scudder). 1864.] 839 Euclea paenulata. Empretia pxnulata Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 159. (May, 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 1.31. (18(32). New York (Edwards, Calverley). St. Louis, Mo. (Sanborn). CALLOCHLORA nov. gen. Head prominent, the front very broad, square. Antennae shoi'ter than in Euclea, pectinated on the basal half, the branches a little longer than in Euclea. The palpi are porrect, the subacute tips passing a little beyond the front, but they are not so stout or so long as in Euclea. Thorax stouter than usual, globose, while the abdomen is small, tapering rap- idly towards the tip, which is not much tufted. Primaries broad, costa swollen near the base, and towards the apex, being more excavated in the middle than Euclea, while the apex is more produced, and the outer edge is longer and more oblique, more regularly rounded and continuous with the inner edge which is a little shorter than the outer edae, while ia Euclea the outer edo;e is shorter than the inner. The subcostal nervure runs nearer the costal edge than usual, going straight to the origin of its 3rd nervule. The origin of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd s. c. nervules are equidistant. Apical interspace shorter and broader than in the preceding genus. Discal nervules, and origin of last sub- costal and 1st median are all placed well beyond the middle of the wing. Last s. c. nervule arises opposite the independant or 1st median where in Euclea it is removed much farther inwards. The 2nd median nervule arises farther in than the 3rd, and the end of the nervure con- necting them is very oblique, while in Euclea it is straight and the two nervules arise opposite each other. The secondaries reach nearly to the tip as in Euclea, but are nar- rower, and the outer margin is shorter, thus making the interspaces narrower, especially the apical space ; and the branches of the median nervure are shorter. This genus is quite distinct from the preceding, and the single spe- cies known can be easily recognized by its grass-green thorax and the broad grass-green band that separates the brown margin of the wing from its base. The wings and body is finer scaled than in Euclea and the veins can be more distinctly seen on either side. Callochlora vernata, n. sp. % . Of a uniform pale cinnamon brown. A broad, short vertical 340 [October tuft between the bases of the antennae. Thorax above grass green. Middle green band on the primaries sti-aight on the outer edge ; within it is sHghtly excavated, and follows the inner edge to the base of the wing. The secondaries are concolorous with the body, and above are a little paler within the outer edge. Length of body % , .45 ; exp. wings % , .94 inch. New" York, (Grote). Phil, (Coll. Ent. Soc). NOCHELIA Clemens. Nochelia tardigrada Clem. Nochelia tardigrada Clem., Proc. Acad. 'Smt. Sc. Phil. p. 100. (Muy. ISGO). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 1.31. (1862). EMPRETIA Clemens. Empretia stimulea Clemens. Empretia stimulea Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Se. Phil. p. 159. (May, 18(50). Morris, Synojisis Lep. N. Amer. p. 130. (1862). Conn. (Harr. Coll.) New York, (arote.) Hiibner's Streblota nesea (Samml. Bd. 3. pi. 32.) very closely re- sembles our species. It is from Brazil. PHOBETRUM Hubner. Phobetrum pithecium. Phalcena pithccitim Smith, Nat. Hist. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 147. Tab. 74. (1797). Fhobetion abbotana Hubn., Verz. p. 398. (1816). Limacodes pithecium Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 304. (1841). Ecnomidea pithecium Duncan, Nat. Libr. vol. xxxii. p. 183. fig. (1852). Limacodes? pithecium Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 127. (1862). "Dublin, N. H.," (Harr. Coll.) Boston, (Sanborn.) Salem. ( F. W. Putnam.) Mr. Putnam has succeeded in raising this moth from larv:\3 found feeding on the plum. ADONETA Clemens. Adoneta voluta Clemens. Adoneta voluta Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 158. (1860). Penn. LIMACODES Latr. The three species noticed below are all congeneric with the Euro- pean species L. festudo, for a specimen of which I am indebted to Mr. A. R. Grrote. I have also received this and Hetevoycnea asellus from Professor Zeller, of Meseritz. 1864.] 841 Limacodes scapha Ilarr. Limacodes scapha Harr. Rt. Ins. Mass. p. .303. (1841). Walsh, Proc. Bost. Nat. Hist. Soc. IX. j). 298. (Feb. 1864). Light cinnaniou bvowii. Palpi, prothorax, femora and tibiae and secondaries a little darker. On the primaries the costo-median region is filled in with a large dark tan colored triangular spot, its apex sometimes rounded, terminating a little beyond the submedian nervure. It is continued along the costa to the base of the wing, and terminates sharply upon the apex. Externally it is lined with silver. A discoi- dal dark discoloration. Beneath concolorous with the upper side of the secondaries, a little darker at the apex. The body is stouter than in the other species, while the head is hardly so prominent. The costa of the primaries, which is straight, becomes a little convex towards the apex, hence the apical interspace is a little broader and shorter than usual. The internal angle is not so well marked as in the other spe- cies. Mr. ShurtleflF has reared this species from the larva which he found under a maple tree, and has thus enabled me to identify it with Harris' species. According to his description the larva is green, spotted above with brown ; pale beneath. The sides were raised and the dorsal sur- face flattened. It constructed a dense obtusely cylindrical ovate cocoon on the surface of the ground, Oct. 17. It was surrounded by an outer thin envelop, covered with grains of sand. The moth appeared June 15. Limacodes biguttata n. sp. Of a soft velvety buff-brown. A whitish line reaches from the mid- dle of the internal margin across and outward on to the middle line. A short corresponding one from near the costa goes to the middle of the outer margin, thus making an inverted broad ^ (y) inclosing at the internal angle a roundish red spot. Apex red. Secondaries and beneath uniform obscure buff-brown. It is a soft, woolly, velvety spe- cies, thickly scaled, covering over the nervures. "Penn., Nonantum," (Harr. Coll.) New York, (Edwards.) Limacodes Y-inversa n. sp. 9 . Testaceous yellow. Primaries with brown lines reaching from the inner third of the internal margin to just beyond the middle of the costa, with a second one parallel to it, but interrupted in the middle of the wing by a third line which arises half way on the costa between ^■12 [OCTOBKR the fii-st Hue and the apex, thus forming an inverted capital Y. Se- condaries and wings beneath hardly paler than the rest of the body. Length of body, .40; exp. wings, 1 inch. Penn., (Harris Coll.) Limacodes? hyalinus Walsh. Limacodes?' ht/aliniis Walsh, Proc. Bost. Soc. Xat. Hist. IX. p. 299. (Feb. lSfi4). Illinois. Limacodes 1 tetradactylus Walsh. Limacodes / tetradactylus Walsh {Larva), Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. IX. p. ?m. (Feb. 1864). Illinois. CYRTOSIA nov. gen. Front of the head narrow. Palpi long, slender, slightly ascending, terminal half passing beyond the front; third joint long acute. An- tennae simple in % , hardly thickened at the base; in 9 a little more slender. Thorax slender. Primaries half as broad as long; costa more convex than usual ; apex a little produced, subrectangular; the outer margin much rounded at the internal angle, the fringe reaching to the middle of the wing. The two branches of the 3rd subcostal are nearly of the same length, the triangular interspace being half as broad as long. The subcostal nervure is very remote from the costa. Secondaries reach to the tip of the abdomen, in the 9 passing a little beyond. Costa straight, apex rounded, outer margin very full, inner angle rounded continuously with it. Legs slender, pilose, with long scales; hind tibial spurs long slender, of nearly the same length. Abdomen long, tip acute in S ; in 9 short with a spreading anal tuft. Coloration consists of different shades of brown, with two oblicjue transverse lines from the inner margin outward towards the costa, the outer shortened by a line curved outwards from beyond the middle of the costa to a little above the inner angle, forming an inverted y. The narrow front, the long, slightly a.scending palpi, the simple, slender antennse, and the very convex costa and style of coloration, will easily distinguish this genus from the remaining genera of Cochlidiae with simple antennse. Cyrtosia elegans n. sp. 9 . Uniform olive brown with a bronze iridescence. The V-shaped 1864.] 343 line white, while the curved apical white line is very distinct, extend- ing from a little above the apex around to just beyond the middle of the costa, where it is continued along the margin to the inner third of the wing. Secondaries a little paler, the apex and outer margin con- colorous with the primaries. Beneath a little paler, more glistening, the inner margin of the pri- maries and the secondaries below the costa and within the outer margin paler. Length of body, .30 ; cxp. wings, .82 inch. Boston, (Mr. Sanborn.) \ Cyrtosia fusca n. sp. % . Dull white, dusted with ochreous brown scales, thickest at the base of the wing. Head and thorax ochreous brown. Two parallel bands of brown, the outer one approaching the inner, and shortened by a straight line running from near the internal angle to the costa near the inner line. Beyond this line the apex of the wing is nearly white with a few ochreous scales. The wings are darker between the two lines, and especially so upon the costa. Secondaries in color pale as the apex of the fore wings. Fringe in- terlined at its base and on the outer edge with dark. Beneath pale, the costal edge of the fore wings dark. Length of body, .32; exp. wings, .75 inch. Newburg, N. Y., (Coll. Mr. Edwards.) Mr. Edwards reared the specimens described above from the larva, and it is hoped that we shall at some time be acquainted with the larval form and habits of a genus of this group hitherto unknown. The co- coon sent with the specimen is short and nearly spherical, about the size of a pea, and of a pale chestnut color. The pupa skin is very thin and fragile, not preserving its form at all after the moth has escaped. Cyrtosia geminata n. sp. % . Vei-y pale, dusted with ochreous brown, with two white spots near the internal angle. This is the palest species of the genus, its color being an ochreous chalky white. The middle of the fore wings is covered with a large triangular ochreous brown area, excavated deeply upon the internal angle, making a broad inverted V. Just above the internal angle are two unequal rounded triangular white spots, a little 344 [November produced inwards, of which the upper is the larger. The base of the fringe is narrowly lineated with brown. Beneath more glistening, con- colorous with the body and legs. Length of body, .35 — .40; exp. wings, .86 — .90 inch. Janesville, Md., R. Stratton, (Mus. Conip. Zool.) Phil. (Coll. Ent. Soc.) This species, easily distinguished by its pale color and twin white spots, has broader wings than the other species of the genus. Cyrtosia albipunctata n. sp. Sable brown, with two white spots near the internal angle. % . Light sable brown. On the middle of the fore wings is a trian- gular chocolate brown space which divides upon the internal angle, while the outer narrower and shorter branch terminates just above the internal angle as in the preceding species, and includes two round un- equal conspicuous spots. The secondaries are nearly coucolorous, but a little lighter than the V-shaped place. Beneath paler brown, the bor- der of the wings paler still, while the fringe is coucolorous with the interior of the wing. 9 . Considerably larger; the female diiFers in the ground color being darker sable throughout than the % . The V-shaped area is chocolate brown, coucolorous with the secondaries, and the twin spots are nearer alike in size. Beneath of the same color as the upper side of the se- condaries, without the pale margin of the male. Li both sexes the head and body beneath and legs are pale ochreous brown. The fringe is lio-hter than the wino-s, and interlined with sable brown. Length of body, % , .35, 9 -32 ; exp. wings 'h 84, 9 -94 inch. New York, (Mr. Grote.) CYCLOPTERYX nov. gen. The head is very large, with large eyes. Front narrow, nearly square. Antennae thick, with short thick pectinations on the basal half of their length. Palpi ascending, just passing beyond the front. Primaries subtalcate, very broad, being nearly two-thirds as broad as long; very convex towards the rounded apex. Outer margin continuously rounded with the internal edge, being more orbicular than usual. Outer edge convex below the apex. Subcostal nervure is remote from the costa. The subcostal and me- dian nervules and their interspaces are shorter than usual. 1864.] 345 Hind wings reach to the tip of the abdomen, suborbicular. Costa short; apex continuously rounded with the very short internal margin. Legs stout; hind tibiae very broadly scaled, spurs small, concealed by the long scales of the joint. This genus connects those Cochlidiae with partially pectinated an- tennfe, such as Euclea and Empretia; with the succeeding Tortriciform genera which have simple antennae and shorter secondaries. Cyclopteryx leucosigma n. sp. S . This fine species is of a rich cinnamon brown. The fore wings of a rich bright cinnamon color, with two linear short silvery lines; one is curved regularly inwards in the middle of the inner edge of the wing, and encloses a patch of brown of a lighter hue than the rest of the wing. The other is a costo-apical sigmoid line which begins on the costa just before the apex, and it presents the largest curve on its lower portion nearly opposite the excavation of the outer edge of the wing, it then curves around so as to merge imperceptibly to the straight dark discal linear spot which lies parallel to the costa. From the inner end of the lower transverse silvery line is a line of four or five dark spots which curves rapidly around parallel to the outer edge of the wing and terminates at the inner end of the silvery costo-apical line, thus con- necting the two. Secondaries of a duller brown, fringe of the inner angle slightly touched with dark brown. Beneath of a uniform pale brown. Length of body, .oO ; exp. wings, .68 inch. New York, (A. R. Grote.) This pretty species may be easily recognized by the sigmoid silvery costal line being connected with the lower silvery line by a much curved row of four or five spots. Cyclopteryx spinuloides. Limacodes spinuloides Boisd., H.-Sch. Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 187 '^,188 9- (1854). Limacodes? spinuloides Walk,, Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Anier. p. 127. (1862). Brookline, (ShurtlefF.) LITHACODES nov. gen. Body slenderer than usual. Head large, vertex nearly continuous with the thorax. Front long quadrate. Antennae long simple, filiform. 346 [November Palpi very long, curved upwards in front of the clypeus, reaching above the vertex, the third joint long, acute. Fore wings long and narrow, more regularly oblong than any of the other genera ; costa hardly con- vex, outer margin nearly straight, suddenly rounded at the internal angle ; inner edge very full at the base. 1st and 2nd subcostals short ; upper branch of the 3rd subcostal long, so that the apical interspace Ls much longer and narrower than in Limacodex. Apex of the secondaries rounded, outer margin full and rounded. Spines of the hind tibia) large and stout. Grenital armor much longer than in Liniacoih^. This genus reminds us strongly of Hiibner's genus Lithacodla . Lithaoodes fasciola. Limacodes faaciola Boisd., Herrich-SchBeffer, Lep. Ex. Sp. 'Sov. Fig. 186. (1854). Limacodes? faficiola Walk.. Lep. Br. Mus. Pt. V. (1855). Limacodes laticlavia Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 157. (May, 1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. pp. 127, 128. (1862). Brookline, July 9, (Shurtleff ). Boston, (Sanborn). N. Y. (G-rote). " Illinois, Kennicot" (Clemens). HETEROGENEA. Heterogenea ShurtlefR, n. sp. % . Fore-wings of a uniform brown, reflecting a purplish lustre, the outer half of the wing especially tinged with brown. Costa yellow- ish brown ; apical region dark. Secondaries much darker, of the same color on the upper and under side of both wings. Beneath the costa of the fore-wings coucolorous with the upper side, but dilated at the apex. Legs testaceous. 9 . Yellowish brown, coneolorous with the costa of the % . A mid- dle oblique, narrow, dark line. An obsolete line of dark scales from the outer two-thirds of the costa curves outwards to the outer margin, just above the internal angle. Fringe bilineated with dark, tipped at the apex with black scales. Secondaries dark, fringe plain, pale testa- ceous. Beneath yellowish, a little lighter than the primaries above. Length of body % .20, $ .25 ; exp. wings % .50, $ .60. The sexes were found united July 16, on the Grleditschia tricanthus at Brookline, (Shurtleif.) I take a melancholy pleasure in naming the only species of this genus as yet discovered in this country after the late ^Ir. Carleton A. Shurt- 1864.] - 847 leff of Brookline, a fellow-studeut in Entomology. Mr. Shurtleff was a most enthusiastic lover of nature, and specially interested in study- ing the habits and anatomy of insects. His collection embracing many rare insects, including several unique species mentioned in this paper, has been placed in the collection of the Boston Natural History Society. ISA nov. gen. Front of the head full and Si(uare. Antennae simple. Palpi porrect, not surpassing the front ; third joint very small, .icutely conical. Body rather stout. Fore wings a little more than one-half as wide as long; costa more convex than usual in the middle, apex a little produced, outer edge equaling in length the inner edge, below the apex slightly excavated, thence very oblique to the internal angle. Tnner margin short, convex in the middle. 2nd subcostal turning towards the costa at an angle of 45° from its nervure ; upper branch of .3rd short and parallel with it, but the distance between the two is much greater than usual. The apical interspace is shorter and more broadly triangular than usual. 1st median nervule is more continuous with its main ner- vure than usual. Costa of the hind wings more convex than usual. Internal angle distinct. Outer margin rounded, bent slightly in the middle. Legs stout, densely pilose externally. Inner tibial spur the longest ; tarsi stout and thickly scaled. Isa texula. Litnacodes texula Boisd.. Herr.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sj5. Nov. Fig. 184. (1854). Limacodes? texula Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Muis. Pt. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. p. 128. (1862). Peon., (Harris (;oll.) TORTRICIDIA nov. gen. Front square, but a little higher than wide. Antennas thick at the base in both sexes, simple. The scales spreading a little at the end of each joint. Palpi long, slender, ascending, 2nd joint long and slender, 3rd continuous with it, either long and slender, or shorter and conical. Primaries one-half as wide as long ; costa convex, apex rotund pointed ; outer margin oblique ; fringe gi-adually becoming wider towards the internal angle. 1st subcostal nervule nearly as long as the costal ner- vure. 2nd s. c. parallel with the first ; .3rd s. c. approximate and nearly parallel with the costa. A distinct discoidal fold terminates between the 5th s. c. and 1st median. Hind wings broadly subtriangular ; costa 348 [November straight, hardly rounded at the apex ; outer and inner edges continu- ously rounded. The discal area is short and narrow. Legs long and slender, scales thin and long; tibial spurs long. The outer lateral genital claspers in % are very long, meeting beyond the termination of the other pieces. Tortricidia pallida. Limacodes pallida Boisd., H.-Sch. Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 183. (1854). Limacodes? pallida Walk., Cat. Lep. Ins. Br. Mus. V. p. 1148. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 128. (1862). "June 15, July 1," (Harris Coll ) Tortricidia testacea, n. sp. Light ochreous brown. Head, front margin of the thorax, abdomen and legs darker. Nervules of the primaries and costa dark ochreous, as also the middle of the wing, forming a broad diiFuse band widening towards the apical portion of the costa. Secondaries of a pale glisten- ing ochraceous. Length of body, % .30, 9 .40; exp. wings, % 80, 9 1 inch. "July." (Harris Coll.) Dorchester, Mass. (Sanborn.) Tortricidia flavula. Limacodes flavula Boisd., H.-Sch. Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 185. (1854). Limacodes? flavula Walk., Cat. Lep. Ins. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 128. (1862). " Nova Scotia." (Walker.) Subfamily PsychiD/E Boisduval. PHRYGANIDIA nov. gen. Front broad, narrowing towards the mouth, sides parallel. In the female the clypeus is shorter than in the male. Maxillae as long as the thorax. Palpi ascending, curved, very narrow and slender, tips just passing beyond the front; 3rd joint continuous with the second. Antennae long and broadly pectinated, in the 9 subsimple, pectinations being nearly obsolete. Thorax moderately stout, the patagia are more hairy than the remain- der of the thorax. Wings long and broad. Primaries : length to breadth as Tj to of. Costa slightly convex, straight in the middle. Apex subrectangular, obtusely rounded. Outer margin moderately oblique. 1st subcostal straight, arising just before the origin of the 3rd s. c. ; 2nd arises more than half-way between the origin of the 3rd and 5th ; 1864.] 349 3rd divides in the middle of its length, the interspace being short tri- angular. 5th subcostal is slightly removed at its origin towards the middle of the discal space. 2nd and 3rd median nervules are very short, dividing on the first third of the distance from the discal ner- vules. 4th median very short. Internal angle of the secondaries much rounded, hardly reaching to the tip of the abdomen. Costa straight, a little full near the base, while the wing is much produced towards the much rounded obtuse apex, being still more rounded in 9 . The two subcostal nervules are thrown off very near the apex. In both wings the two discal nervules are con- tinuous and very oblique. The 2nd and 3rd median are very short, arising very near the outer margin of the wing. Legs long and slender, closely and finely scaled ; hind tibia? long, provided with four moderate equal spurs ; tarsi nearly as long as tibia. Abdomen cylindrical, long, rather slender, tip obtuse. In the $ it is shorter and obtuse. This genus is not only much larger than Heterogijnis but differs from it in many respects. On comparing our species mentioned below with H. penella from Southern France, received from Prof Zeller of Mese- ritz, I find the antennae of Phryganidia are shorter in proportion, and more broadly pectinated. The costa of the fore-wings is straight, and the apex rectangular, instead of being rounded as in the European genus, and the whole wing is broadly triangular, as are the hind wings, which only reach to the tip of the abdomen, while in Hi^ferogijnis they reach beyond. The neuration of the two genera is very dissimilar. In our genus the median nervules are longer, and arise much nearer the middle of the wing, especially the 4th median. The 2nd and ord me- dian nervules in both wings are in Heterog/jnis remote at their origin, while in Phryganidia they arise from a common branch which is thrown off from the main nervure. This is very abnormal in the moths, and in this present example is evidently the result of the wonderful analo- gies of this group to the Phryganidae, and the Neuroptera generally, where these irregularities in the arrangement of the nervures and their branches, becomes almost a law. Phryganidia californica n. sp. Sable brown, partially transparent. Antennae and nervules darker. 350 [November Costa straight, apex obtuse, subreetangular. The secondaries in the $ hardly reach to the tip of the abdomen. Length of body, S .60, $ .42; exp. wings % , 1.47, 9 , 1.22 inch. So difficult is it to discover the specific diiferences in the imago of this and allied genera, which are chiefly those of size and structure, that this description, so meagre, must remain imperfect until additional species occur. Though no typical Psychidae are known to inhabit the New England and Middle Atlantic States, I have seen in the possession of Prof. Townend Grlover, of the Maryland Agricultural College, some beautiful drawings illustrating the transformations of a Florida species, allied to the European and above mentioned Californian genus. THYRIDOPTERYX Stephens. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Stephens. Sphinx ephemcroeformis Haworth, Lep. Brittanica. (1810). Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis Steph., 111. Br. Ent. Haust. II. p. 387. (1834). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. IV. p. 000. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 142. (1862). I refer to this species, a % specimen in the Harris collection, proba- bly received by him from Pennsylvania. It is fuscous and brown, the under side of the head and thorax, and the upper part of the fore femora, are pale yellowish. The body is brown. Abdominal tuft yellowish white beneath and on the sides. Wings fuscous ; costa brown ; three transverse oblique nearly opposite rows of brown spots on the nervules of the fore wings; the third row is composed of but two spots, the lower being near the internal angle, while the other forms the discal disco- loration. Fringe paler on the nervules. Internal margin of the hind wings brown, remainder nearly transparent. Length of body, .40 ; exp. wings, .80 inch. Thyridopteryx nigricans n. sp. Another species of the same size as the preceding is in the collection of Mr. Sanborn. It is nearly black. Head beneath and the middle femoral tufts and under side of the tip of the abdomen are yellowish white. Base of the primaries mottled with fuscous. Fringe fuscous brown. This specimen was raised by Mr. Sanborn from a cocoon received from the Middle States, I believe. The moth appeared in February, having been kept in a warm room. 1864.] 351 The cocoon was leathery brown in color, of tongh, hard consistance, lined within with silk. In form it was short oval, nearly spherical, though still longer than the cocoons of the Cochlidinae, which it closely resembled, thus showing the near relationship of the two subfamilies. (ECETICTJS Guilfling. QEceticus coniferarum Harris (MSS.). Our species, found in the Middle States, is of an uniform soft dark sable brown. The body is .60 inch long, and the wings expand one inch. I have received the cocoons of this species from Newbern, N. C, through Mr. Shute, LACOSOMA Grote. Lacosoma cMridota Grote. FlatypUryx erosa Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 74. (1835). Lacosoma chiridota Grote, Proc. Ent. See. Phil. iii. p. 77, pi. 2, fig. 8. (1864). Penn. Melsheimer, (Harris Coll.) This interesting genus seems to connect the true Psychida^ with Perophora. It resembles this last named genus in its broad head, the broadly pectinated antennte, the general form of the wings and in its coloration, like that genus having but a single outer line common to both wings and a discal dot upon each wing. This is a rare moth, and we look with interest for information con- cerning its habits and trauformation. PEROPHORA Harris. Perophora Melsheimerii Harris. Perophora Melahcimerii Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 299. (1841). 3rd ed. PI. VI. fig. 5. cocoon fig. 4. /aru« fig. 206. (1862). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. IV. p. 975. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 142. (1862). Subfamily Ptilouontes Hiibn. ICHTHYURA Hiibner. Ichthyura inclusa Hiibner. Ichthyura inclusa Hiibn., Zutr. Dritt. Hund. p. 36. fig. 561, 562. (1825). Clostera americana Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 314. (1841). 3rd ed. PI. VI. fig. 12. and figs. 213-215. Fitch, Fifth Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 65. (1859). Ichthyura inclusa Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 244. (1862). Mass. (Shurtleff, Sanborn.) Maine. 352 [November Ichthyura inversa n. sp. Smaller and of a darker color than the preceding species, and with the costa of the fore wings more convex. The light portions of the primaries of /. inciusa are in this species densely dusted with brown scales. The reddish brown line from the vertex on to the crest is nar- rower than in that species. The basal line is dislocated as usual, but the lower portion is slightly waved, as are the lines without, which are situated as in /. inciusa, but waved. The inverted V on the discal nervules is more distinct; the brownish tinged subapical region border- ing the upper half of the fourth line is narrower, and of a deeper red than in the preceding species, while the submarginal series of linear spots is not so distinct. A lighter line crosses the secondaries beyond their middle. Beneath a little darker ; a common line much more distinct than in /. inrhis'i is margined with reddish on the costa of the primaries. Length of the body S .55, 9 .65; exp. wings % 1 inch, 9 1.30 inch. Maryland, (Edwards.) Janesville, Md., (Mus. Comp. Zool.) Ichthyura indentata n. sp. % . Dark cinereous. Palpi brown on the upper side. A short, broad brown line from between the antennae to top of the crest. Basal line straight, with an outward fold. Second line arcuated outwards, meeting the short third line on the median nervure. The fourth line extends only to the second, making a short Y. On the outer third of the costa a deep white oblique spot, which is the termination of the partially obsolete fourth line. This spot is surrounded by deep reddish brown, which is much darker towards the apex. A submarginal slightly arcuated series of dark spots. Secondaries with no transverse line. Beneath concolorous with the upper side of the secondaries. Indented spot margined with brown on the costa, but fainter than on the upper side. Length of body % , Ab ; exp. wings 1 inch. " New Hampshire, Leonard," (Harris Coll.) Ichthyura albosigma Morris. Clostera albosigma Fitch, 2iid Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 274. PI. 2. fig. 4. (1856). 5th '• •' " " p. 64. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 244. (1862). Dorchester, July 15, (Sanborn.) 1864.] 353 Ichthyura vau Morris. Clostera vau Fitch, Fifth Et. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 65. (1859). Ichthyura vau Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 244. (1862). This species seems to diifer from I. inversa iu having no pale band across the secondaries. They may yet prove to be identical. APATELODES nov. gen. Front of the head rather broad subtriangular. Antennae in % evenly branched to the tip, as long as the thorax. Palpi slightly ascending, reaching to the front, tips broad ; third joint minute, concealed. Pri- maries triangular, broad; costa straight, outer margin incised just below the apex, which is acutely produced, especially in the 9 . Below the apex the outer edge of the wing is oblique, not indented, but making an obtuse angle with the straight inner edge. Costal nervure extend- ing nearer the apex than usual. Second and third subcostal nervules suddenly deflexed upon the costa. Apical interspace broadly triangular. The 4th subcostal arises iu the middle of the wing. Discal area short and broad. . Secondaries large, full and rounded on the outer margin, of an irre- gular pentagonal form, reaching nearly to the tip of the abdomen. Femora densely pilose, giving the joint an oval form ; hind tibiae with four large spurs. Abdomen of S slender, and provided with two late- ral tufts on each side of the tip. This genus approaches the Dasychirae in possessing very heavily pec- tinated antennfe, large clavate palpi, a stout woolly thorax, and a slen- der, tapering abdomen; also in having large hind wings, and heavily tufted legs, and, in some respects, in the pecviliar brown colors. The larva is also haii-y, with long pencils of parti colored hairs, which is characteristic of the preceding group. This genus in its larval stage, judging from Abbot's drawing, bears a striking resemblance to the larva of Apatela americo; tuft; 'oJouj tooth. 358 [November while the margui next the fringe is dark brown, interrupted by the nervules. Length of body 9 -70; exp. wings, 1.95 inch. Mass., (Sanborn.) Notodonta dromedarius of Europe, though a smaller species, is con- generic with our species, resembling it closely in its coloration and style of marking. Lophodonta angulosa. Phalctna angulosa Smith, Nat. Hist. Lep. Ga. p. 105. Tab. 83. (1797). Notodonta angulosa Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Notodonta georgica H.-Sch.. Lep. Exot. 8p. Nov. p. 06, fig. 384. (1855). Notodonta angulosa Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 239. (1862). '• Milton, Mass., June 17, inactive on trunk of an oak." (Harris Coll. ) PHEOSIA Hul)ner. Pheosia rimosa n. sp. Of a delicate frosty white and brown. Along the ends of the sub- costal nei'vules of the primaries are long streaks of brown. In the apical and subapical spaces are two long longitudinal broad streaks, oblique and parallel to the costa, which terminate just before the apex. Middle of the wing white. A long broad line extends from the base to just above the inner angle on the outer margin, lined below with white, and deflected upwards along the outer edge. Tuft cinereous. Beneath cinereous, costa darker. 9 darker than the Z . Secondaries white, region of the internal angle and tuft dark brown. Legs and abdomen cinereous. Thorax and head cinereous, tuft on the patagia tipped with dark brown. Fringe interlined at base with white. Exp. wings % , 2 inches. Newport, R. I., (Coll. Mrs. Bridgham.) NERICE Walker. Nerice bidentata Walker. Nerice bidentata Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. p. 1076. (1855). New York, (Grote.) EDEMA Walker. Edema albifrons Walker. Phahcna albifrons Smith. N. H. Lep. Ga. p. 159. Tab. 80. (1797). Edema albifrons Walk.. List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. p. 1828. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Leji. N. Amer. p. 242. (1862). Mass. (Sanborn, Mrs. Bridgham.) 1864.] 359 Edema producta Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 2'tL (1862). " Florida." (Walk.) CECRITA Walker. Cecrita guttivitta Walker. Cccrita gutticiUa Walk.. List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Nova Scotia. (Walker.) Cecrita? bilineata n. sp. Cinereous. Upper side of the palpi and end of tte patagia dark. Primaries crossed by a basal and outer waved and angulated line, mar- o-iued on each side with blackish. The basal line is angular inwards on the internal nervure, is rounded outwards across to the subcostal and acutely angulated on that nervure. Outer line angulated outward on the internal, and waved and angulated to the costa. Between this line and the outer margin is a faint band. Between the two principal lines are some black scales; a few black scales mark the obsolete discal spot. Towards the apex on the costa are four dark spots. Secondaries smoky, a little discolored at the internal angle, beneath concolorous. The 9 wants the few black scales between the two prin- cipal lines. Length of body % , .70, 9 .75; exp. wings % , 1.50, 9 1.50. Dr. Harris has reared this from the larva, which pupated July 25 ; imago Aug. 15. Cecrita T mustelina n. sp. 9 • Uniform light sable brown. End of shoulder tippets (patagia) edged with black. Lower half of fore-wings sable brown, as well as the outer portion near the margin nearly up to the costa, while the rest of the wing is dark ashen. Nervules dark. A small black discal spot; A costo-apical black spot. Secondaries sable brown, of the same color beneath. Length of body .75; exp. wings 1.65 inch. •• Camb.. June 15." Harris. (Coll. Harr.) (EDEMASIA nov. gen. Head unusually prominent; vertex with a prominent narrow acute tuft projecting horizontally out between the eyes, and CDutinued down the sides of the front, while above and next the pruthorax is a trian- gular pit. Antennae pectinated on the basal two-thirds. Maxilla? slen- 360 [November der. Palpi porrect. hardly reaching the front; second joint pilose beneath ; and they are .somewhat obtuse, since the hairs on the second joint reach to the end of the third, which is distinct, short and some- what pointed. Thorax smooth not pointed ; primaries a little less than one-half as broad as long ; costa nearly straight, bent downwards more than usual at the apex. 2nd subcostal nervule anastomoses with the third by a short branch, so that the intercostal area is a long linear produced rhomboid. Secondaries reach but little beyond the basal half of the abdomen; costa full at the base, thence nearly straight to the rounded apex. Outer margin regularly rounded, slightly angulated in the middle. Costal nervure runs very nearly parallel to the subcostal, diverging at the discal nervules. Legs short, femora and tibiae densely pilose, the scales of the hind tibiae especially long and spreading. Abdomen of the % with a bifid tuft, and also slight lateral tufts, while the tip in the female forms a smooth cone, which suddenly tapers and bends downwards from the rest of the abdomen. This genus differs from Schlzura Doubleday, by its shorter palpi, its more obtuse apex of the fore-wings, and the shorter and more rounded hind-wings. The species are of smaller size and have no pro- minent style of coloration, except that they are usually cinnamon brown, with a marginal row of brown spots. (Edemasia concinna. Phaloctia concinna Smith, X. H. Lep. Ga. p. 109. Tab. 85. (1797;. Notodonta concinna Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 309. (1841). Third edit. PI. vi. fig. 11. (1862). Edema concinna Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Notodonta concinna Fitch, Third Rt. Ins. New York, 342. (1856). Edema cincinna Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 242. (1862). " Georgia." (Harris Coll.) Mass. (Sanborn.) (Edemasia nitida n. sp. % . Head and thorax cinereous. Primaries very pale tawny in the middle between the cinereous costa and the brown inner margin. x\t the base along the median nervure is a dark streak. There are three dark spots on the costo-apical margin, another faint linear minute streak in the apical interspace. In the two spaces below are two faint linear long light lines parallel to the nervules. A minute discal dot is suc- *. 1864.] 361 ceeded by a linear streak which reaches to the outer margin. Near the internal angle are two unequal linear spots. A faint row of mar- ginal brown dots. Secondaries white, with a dusky discoloration at the inner angle. Fringe brown on the nervules. Beneath pale, primaries a little dusky without, the three costo-apical dots and spotted fringe apparent. $ . Base of the primaries fuscous, and a distinct submedian dark basal streak. Externally the wings are cinereous. A minute discal dot, with a faint brown streak beyond. The two geminate costo-apical streaks are more distinct than in S , as are the two larger spots near the internal angle, and the marginal row of dots are more distinct. Hind winss dark cinereous. Length of body % .65, 9 .60; exp. wings S 1.20, 9 1.10 inch. Janesville, Maryland. (Mus. Comp. Zool. Stratton.) (Edemasia badia n. sp. Vertex and prothoras reddish -brown. Palpi and patagia behind blackish. Primaries dark reddish-brown with cinereous and dark-brown scales Base of the wings reddish. Before the discal mark a cinereous region in the discal space. No distinct discal mark, but that region is discolored with dark brown and continued to the outer margin and to two black lines, one on the 5th subcostal which dilates towards the white apex of the wing. Outer margin with black and whitish streaks on the nervules and in the interspaces. Secondaries smoky towards the outer margin, especially on the ner- vules. Beneath smoky cinereous; on the outer margin of the prima- ries is a row of black dots ; ends of the nervules black. Length of body, .55; exp. wings, 1.15 inch. Mass. (Sanborn.) Mr. Shurtleff loaned me another % specimen which has much darker patagia than the rest of the thorax ; the middle yellowish a.shen region of the fore-wings is bounded on each side by zigzag lines, while the an- terior part of the wing is slightly frosted over. Costal third of the wing white, the marginal row of dots are each succeeded within by white streaks. Abdomen pale cinereous, darker than the secondaries, tip not so distinctly divided as in CE. conclnna It may easily be dis- tinguished by its deep red color, dark shoulder tippets and light hind wings. The fore-wings have the linear discal spot turning at right 362 [November augles outwards, and the two reddisli-browii longitudinal lines proceed from it to the outer margin of the wing. Length of body % , .G5 ; exp. wings 1.30 inch. DASYLOPHIA* nov. gen. Vertex of the head with two erect high acute tufts, the tips of which meet over the vertex reaching to the level of the thorax in 9 , a little shorter in S • Antennae with long slender pectinations on the basal two-thirds, while the remaining third is provided with lateral set:« ; in 9 simple. Palpi slightly ascending; 3rd joint passing beyond the front, 2nd joint slightly curved upwards, scales beneath the joint being short; 3rd joint is half as long as the second, porrect, being directed forwards at a slight angle with the 2nd joint. Thorax short, scales of the prothorax distinctly marked. Fore-wings hardly one-half as long as broad ; costa very slightly con- cave in the middle, towards the tip a little convex ; outer margin oblique; internal angle obtuse, the inner edge near the base of the wing is full in ■£ , in 9 straight. The costa of the hind wings is long and straight; apex subrectan- gular, from thence the outer margin is longer than usual and slowly rounded to the not very distinct internal angle. The wings reach to the basal two-thirds of the abdomen. Legs pilose, the anterior femora densely pilose, in 9 longer, and more irregularly and thinly pilose. Abdomen long cylindrical, with lateral tufts, and tip of I slightly tufted. In coloration the species are generally gray, with dark streaks run- ning parallel ti the nervules; there is a distinct basal longitudinal mesial streak, and an outer very distinct geminate curved line. The long slender acute palpi, the high vertical conical tuft, the slight concavity of the basal two-thirds of the costa of the fore-wings, and the long slender cylindrical abdomen of the S will distinguish readily the species of this genus. DasylopMa anguina. Phnkena anguina Smith, N. H. Leji. la.s. Ga. p. 167. Tab. 8t. (1797). Xotodonta ntiguina Harris, Cat. lus. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Datana? anguina Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Dri/monia cucullifera H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. JSTov. p. 66. Fig. 381. (,1855). Datana? anguina Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 247. (1862). * ha^v'; tufted : Xo4>o; vertex. 1SG4.] B6y '' Waltliam. Lnna Sept., Mofli June 1 0, July 20." Harris. (Harris (Joll.) Brookliue (Shurtletf.) Dasylophia interna n. sp. % . Light sable brown. Palpi above blackish. Sides of the vertical tuft grayish. Prothorax with a faint dark line. Middle of the wing grayish, dusted coarsely with brown, limited by a median dark nearly straight line. At the outer three-fourths of the internal margin is a dark line piargined half-way with gray which curves over on to the outer margin, being about the same distance from the internal angle as its opposite end. The outer half of the inclosed region is darker. Costa towards the apex interrupted by gray spots, more distinct beneath. .V submarginal low of very obli([ue dark linear spots between the nervules. succeeded by lighter longer streaks of light tawny white. Fringe gray, with dark spots. Pectinations of the antennae are a little longer than in D. (Jiu/uhia. Tarsi tipped with lighter scales. Length, when wings are folded, .90 inch. " DubUn, N. H. Leonard." (Harris Coll.) SCHIZURA Douhleday. Schizura ipomese Doubleday. Schisura ipomem Doubl.. Entomologist, p. 59. (1841). Heterocampa (Schizura) ipomece Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Heterocampa ipomecE Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Anier. p. 241. (lSfi2). " Florida." (Doubleday.) CCELODASYS ® nov. gen. On the vertex of the head is a vertical flattened horizontal tuft, hol- lowed above, and projecting out between the antenn;xj. Front of head pilose. Antennae pectinated on the basal two-thirds, or three-fourths ; simple in 9 . Palpi very obtuse, short porrect, hardly reaching the front; 3rd joint small and short; -2nd joint pilose beneath, the scales reaching to the tip of the 3rd joint, and meeting beneath. Maxillae short. Below the head and in front of the first pair of legs is a large conii'al tuft of hairs. The primaries are a little less than half as long us broad ; costa nearly straight, slightly convex towards the apex which is acuter than usual; outer margin slightly angulated on the 5th sub- costal, below being more oblique. Intercostal area very long, linear. Secondaries somewhat pointed at the apex ; costa r early straight, * KotXoj hollow, JflTUf tuft. 364 [November bent dowawards a little, near the apex; outer margin long, the lower half disposed to be parallel with the costa of the primaries. They reach to the basal two-thirds of the abdomen. Legs short, femora and tibiae densely pilose. The tibiae are shorter than usual and broadly pilose. Outer tibial spurs twice the size of the inner. Tarsi small. Abdomen much slenderer than usual 5 anal tuft of S bifid. In the female the fore-wings are broader, not sd angulated on the outer margin, the secondaries are more produced at the apex, and they reach nearer the tip of the addomen than in the male. Ccelodasys unicornis. Phahcna unirornis Smith, N. H. Lep. Ga. p. 170. Tab. 86. (1797). Hyhoma unicornis Hiibn. Verz. p. 200. Notodonta unicornis Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 73. (1835). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 307. (IStl). Edema unicornis Walk., List. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 241. (1S62). '•Cambridge, Aug. and Sept." (Harris Coll) " Brookline, May." (Shurtleff.) Mass. (Sanborn, Mrs. Bridgham.) N. Y. (Grote.) Maine. Ccelodasys Edmandsii n. sp. % . Somewhat olivaceous ashen, thorax dark above. No discal dot, but that region is slightly discolored. The outer transverse straight line composed of reddish lunules. lined within with white scallops is very distinct. Apical region white, margined below with a reddish streak. Three dark costo-apical dots, of which the outer one is paral- lel to one removed towards the middle of the wing. The internal angle of the wing is enclosed by a curved series of dark dots. Secondaries pale, whitish beneath. Legs anuulated with white. Length of body, .55; exp. wings, 1.20 inch. Cambridge, (Miss Kdmands.) This species is closely related to O. unicornis, but it is smaller, the fore wings are narrower in proportion, and the apex is more produced; like- wise the internal angle is more rounded, and the outer margin is more oblique. The slender abdomen is a little more acute. It wants also the distinct linear discal dot of C. unicornis. Within, the wings do not seem to be crossed by waved lines, and the geminate costo-apical spots are much smaller, while it wants the dark transverse thoracic line present in C. unicornis. Respectfully dedicated to Miss A. M. Edmands. of Cambridge. 1S64.] '"^65 Coelodasys biguttatus n. sp. Head gray, vertical tuft above black. Thorax reddish-brown, patagiu blackish above. No distinct line on the prothorax. Primaries reddish brown, nervules black. Base of the costa dark, beyond cinereous with brown scales along the edge, which become indistinct waved lines con- tinued across the wing and are more oblique beyond the discal dot. The linear reddish discal dot is surrounded by gray, and below and beyond is a dark rather broad discoloration curved around it. Beyond this the black nervules are interrupted by gray scales. There are two obscure series of reddish dots near the margin in the interspaces. Op- posite the outer series of these spots the fringe, otherwise ferruginous, is of a dirty white. Secondaries white, discolored with smoky at inner angle. The large tuft beneath the head is lilac-ashen. Beneath, the fore-wings are white, smoky in the middle. Costo-api- cal dots distinct. Fringe white, black at the ends of the nervules. at the base are white dots in the interspace. Secondaries entirely white, except the dusky spot on the inner angle. Legs ashen, ends of the scales dark, tarsi broadly annulated with dark. Abdomen slender, whitish, a narrow mesial line beneath. In the female the markings are more distinct. The two series of ferruo-inous waved lines on each side of the median region are more distinct. The submarginal ferruginous region is more broken up by ashen scales. The secondaries and abdomen above smoky. There are faint traces of a slight mesial fascia across the wing. Beneath botli wings are dark smoky. A light ferruginous line on the abdomen, which is itself larger than in the other species. Length of body, S .90, 9 .95; exp. wings % 1.60, $ 1.80 inch. " Cambridge, July and Aug." (Harris Coll.). Coelodasys Harrisii n. sp. % . Cinereous. Head, pectus and front of thorax uniform ashen. Palpi dark above. Fore wings crossed by two series of obscure dark waved lines. Discal spot very narrow, linear, surrounded by a light ashen square space. On the outer margin of the wing is a row of dark dots in the interspaces, edged within with cinereous scales. Fringe concolorous. Secondaries smoky ashen, slightly discolored on the in- ternal angle. '^66 [November Beneath the fore wings are smoky cinereous, and on the costa are four alternate light and dark spots. Fringe dark on the termination of the nervules. Hind wings lighter. Abdomen a little lighter beueath than above, with no mesial line, and the anal tuft is deeply bifid. Length of body, .90; exp. wings 1.55 — 1.70 inch. Mass., (Harris Coll.) New York, (Grrote.) Coelodasys cinereo-frons n. sp. 9 . Cinereous and blackish brown. Costa cinereous beyond the base of the fore wings. Vertical tuft dark above. Sides of the thorax blackish brown. The ashen costa of the primaries widens towards the middle of the wing, with a few dark scales. The remainder of the wing is of an uniform blackish brown, except below the internal ner- vure, which is fusco-cinereous, slightly spreading out towards the cine- reous costa. Discal spot large oval, light cinereous. A submarginal row of fusco-cinerous dots. Fringe reddish ashen on the nervules. Secondaries smoky, darker without; two light spots on the internal angle. Beneath, the wings are smoky, but lighter towards the outer margin. E'ringe blackish, interrupted without by lighter spots. A slight red- dish line on the underside of the abdomen. Length of body, .85; exp. wings, 1.80 inch. •'Cambridge, June lU," Harris. (Harris Coll) XYLINODES nov. gen. % . Head prominent, front subtriangular, a vertical porrect tuft. The palpi are short and stout, porrect, hardly reaching the front, tips obtuse; beneath clothed with short scales. Antenna3 rather broadly pectinated to the outer third, branches long stout, tipped with ciliae. Thorax moderately stout, scales of the pronotem distinct, not crested above, beneath very densely pilose, with a long pectoral tuft. Fore wings long and narrow, being a little more than one-third as broad as long. Costa straight, outer margin very long, internal angle rounded, and a little within the inner margin is a prominent tuft of dark scales. The 2d and 3d subcostal nervules are closely approximate, intercostal spaces very narrow, linear. The 4th subcostal arises within the middle of the intercostal space. The upper discal nervure is curved somewhat obli(iuely inwards to the origin of the 5th s. c, thence very obli((uely 1864.] 367 and straight to tlio middle of the discal space, where it meets the lower diseal which is thrown off" at right angles to its nervure, and npon this nei"vule the discal fold terminates in a fork". The upper branch of the 3rd s. c. is very short and proceeds straight to the costa. Costa of the hind wings bent down somewhat at the apex. Outer margin oblique, not very full, bent slightly on the first median interspace. Legs very hairy, fore tibiae very pilose, presenting a flat expansion on the outer side; middle and hind tibife with two long sharp nearly equal spurs. Abdomen long and cylindrical; tip square, hardly tufted. In its coloration and style of markings the only species of this genus yet known is gray, with darker longitudinal streaks and slashes. It is more streaked than any member of this subfamily, and from this charac- ter and the resemblance it bears to Xylina in its style of coloration, as well as its elongated wings and general appearance, the generic name has been selected. This genus seems to be the connecting link between Coelodasys and allies and Heterocampa, Lochmteus and other closely related genera. It dift'ers from Heterocampa in its narrow wings, straight costa and an- gular hind wings, and in possessing a tuft on the fore wings. Indeed, the short stout palpi and strong pectinations, the very distinctly scaled pronotal pieces and the tufted primaries, together with the densely pilose sternum, will prevent the genus from being confounded with any of its allies. Xylinodes virgata nov. sp. % . Pale cinereous. Pronotal pieces discolored with ligneous brown. A broad median thoracic dusky line, succeeded on the abdomen by a dark spot. Primaries light ashen with brown scales arranged in streaks, which on the costa proceed obliquely towards the outer margin, ending upon the subcostal nervure. Towards the apex are two distinct brown streaks, which are parallel to the costa; between and below the second streak are two whitish streaks. A dark brown discal dot is placed upon the lower discal nervule, and beyond it is a brown streak. In the middle of the discal space is a light line which passes over the discal dot and continues along the lowest subcostal interspace to near the outer margin. Below the median the wing is slightly tinged with och- reous. Just below the basal portion of the median nervure is a brown streak, and the internal border is mottled and streaked with dark cine- 368 [November reous. The tuft is dark brown, and the outer edge of the wing is also darker than the discal portion. There are no transvei'se streaks. Secondaries white, the costa disclosed slightly with cinereous. Ab- domen nearly concolorous, being a shade darker than the hind wings. Beneath cinereous, with a distinct median black line. Tarsi broadly annulated with dark. Length of body, .85 ; exp. wings, 1.75 inch. Cambridge, (Mr. A. Hyatt.) $ Lansing, Mich., (Prof. Miles.) Seekonk, R. I., (Mrs. Bridgham's Coll.) HETEROCAMPA Doubleday. Heterocampa Astarte Doubleday. Heterocampa astarte Doubl., Entomologist, p. 57. (1841). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 240. (1862). •• Florida," (Doubleday.) Heterocampa umbrata Walk. Heterocampa umbrata Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 240. (1862). '• Florida," (Doubleday.) Heterocampa varia Walk. Heterocampa varia Walk., Cat. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. p. 240. (1862). New York, (Walker.) Heterocampa subalbicans Grote. Heterocampa subalbicans Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 336. pi. 8. fig. 2. (1863). Penn., (Coll. Ent. Soc.) Heterocampa semiplaga Walk., Can. Nat. & Geol. (1861). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 336. (1862). Canada, (D'Urban.) Heterocampa obliqua. S . Dark brown, with darker streaks and lines, mai'gined with red- dish, and large oblique costo-apical white patch. Head pectoral tuft and thorax cinereous, except the black edges of the shoulder tippets and the posterior margin of the thorax. Prima- ries of an uniform dark ashen brown. The basal half of the wing is crossed by three interrupted lines, composed of linear black slightly curved lines or lunules, margined on both sides with ferruginous ashen. The tirst or basal line is straight, and reaches only to the base of the 1864.] 3fi0 internal angle, which is black. The middle line is double, composed of two parallel linear sinuate lines, which become obsolete on thecosta. and absent on the inner margin. The third line is single, and consists of the curvilinear black discal dot, and a second curvilinear line below the 4th median nervale. On the costa it is represented by two paral- lel brown lines, enclosing a white spot. Outside and parallel to the discal curvilinear spot is a line composed of two curvilinear lunules, which are geminate, and enclose a reddish brown line. From the upper line extends towards the apex a very distinct white patch, dusted over with ochreous scales. On its outer edge are three black internervular streaks, bathed with ferruginous scales. In the middle of the wing and just below is a round rusty patch. Below the median nervure and its branches the wing is lio-hter, and, like the costa, covered with cine- reous and dark ochreous scales. Secondaries pearly white, base of the fringe dark ; i> dark discolora- tion on the internal angle; costa dark. Beneath the primaries are dark, except in the middle portion, which is very pale. White and dark dots on the costal edge, and the costo-apical white patch appears through. Secondaries white, fringe discolored on the nervules. Length of body, .85; exp. wings, 1.60 inch. New York, (Grote.) Heterocampa Trouvelotii n. sp. 9 . This tine species, which is of larger size than usual, is of an ashen color, with an olive tinge. The head is pale, and the thorax gradu- ally grows darker until on the scutellum it is almost black. On the olive cinereous primaries is a sub-basal double black line which only reaches the subcostal nervure; just beyond its middle it is pointed in- wards. At the base of the wing the submedian and internal nervures are covered with black scales, forming a fork, the upper prong of which meets the transverse geminate line. A short basal geminate brown line extends from the costa to the black fork. Beyond and jiist within the sub-basal line are three brown patches, especially marked in the submedian and internal interspaces. The middle of the wing is clear olive gray. The discal dot forms a long curved linear lunate line, and beyond it the extra discal interspace is tawny brown. The discal line below is connected with three black lines; the two upper of which are the black upper median nervules, while the lower forms the first and 370 [November longest of a series of submarginal longitudinal black streaks. Of these there are two in the extra-discal interspace, and two other one-third as long near the apex. Beyond is a submarginal clear olive gray space, bounded without by a very distinct black marginal line. Beyond is a similar narrow clear space next the gray fringe, which is brown at the ends of the nervules. In the apex of the wing is a single linear dot. Secondaries smoky gray, darker without, with a very slight diffuse middle line. Beneath uniform cinereous, while the middle of the primaries is smoky gray, the costa and outer edge gray. The submarginal longi- tudinal lines reappear below, as does the marginal, while the fringe is dark cinereous, paler at the base. On the paler secondaries the mesial dark line is more distinct than above. This species in its style of markings is near H obli^ua^ but much larger, olive gray instead of brownish gray; hence the markings are more distinct. The secondaries are smoky gray, while in //. ohliqua they are white. Length of body, .95; exp. wings, 2.12 inches. Taken the last of July, at Medford, by M. L. Trouvelot. LOCHM.ffi;US Doubleday. Lochmaeus Mantes Doubleday. Lochmceus Mantes Doubleday. Entomologist, p. 58. (18-41). Walk., Cat. Br. Mas. V. p. 1029. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. p. 240. (1862). " Trenton Falls, Greorgia," Doubleday. Loclimaeus biundata- Heterocampa biundata Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Drymonia nuicorea H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 514. (1856). Heterocampa biundata Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. p. 240. (1862). Mass., (Harr. Coll.) Boston, (Sanborn.) Seekonk, R. I., (Mrs. Bridgham.) Lochmseus tessella n. sp. Whitish ashen gray; head, prothorax and patagia being thus colored, while the rest of the thorax is darker cinereous, the abdomen being a lit- tle paler. The larger part of the fore wings is of a pale whitish ashen, concolorous with the head and prothorax. Nearly the basal third is of a darker cinereous than the hind part of the thorax, and this portion embraces three unequal black linear streaks : one extending along the 1864.] 871 subcostal, the middle one the largest and following the median, while the shorter one runs along the internal nervure. This region is bounded externally by a pale ashen line which begins on the basal third of the costa and runs obliquely inwards. It is twice zigzag before the sub- costal, is bent more obtusely outward in the discal space, and again bends slowly outwards, and turns at a right angle to meet the dark streak on the internal nervule; hence it does not entirely cross the wing. The discal mark is a faint curvilinear line, succeeded be- low by a rather oblique very obscure cinereous lunated line. Upon the costa just beyond is a white spot, once zigzag on the costa, edged without with black. Beyond this spot are three minute dark dots, the inner of which is succeeded by a series of four large pale lunules margined on either side with cinereous, which end on the 3d median being in the od interspace replaced by a square conspicuous black spot, whose upper side is continued a little outwards, while on the opposite lower side is a supplementary linear dot in the next interspace. This spot is continuous with a submarginal oblique subapical zigzag pale line, dusky within, and bearing within three dark streaks in the mid- dle of each interspace. Beyond this line the margin is dusky cinere- ous, with a marginal series of black linear lunates, interrupted by the nervules. Fringe dark cinereous. Hind wings but little paler than the abdomen, with a rather distinct pale submarginal band. Base of fringe dark as are the nervules and outer margin of the wings. The only mark on them is a single oblique costal streak a little beyond the middle of the wing. This species is rather above the medium size, and will be known by the pale ashen bleached primaries, the basal third of which is very dark cinereous. Also by the linear obscure discal line, succeeded on the costa by a white zigzag spot, and more especially by the square black spot near the internal angle which is isolated from the submargino-api- cal dusky line, of which it forms a part. Length of body, $ .90; exp. wings, 2.15 inches. Middle States, (Coll. Phil. Ent. Soc.) Lochmaeus olivata. % . Olive green cinereous, being greener at the base of the fore wings and more ashen externally. Head and thorax concolorous with the base of the primaries, but the palpi are much darker. Antenuje nearly 372 [November concolorous with palpi. There are three transverse lines on the ante- rior wings straight in their course, and composed of regular lunules. each of which is pale cinereous margined externally with brown scales. The basal line is composed of but two lunules, one on each side of the base of the median nervule. The middle line situated on the basal third of the wing is composed below the submedian fold of two large lunules. more than twice as large as the remaining lunules. The third line is sinuate and obscure. Beyond is a fourth and submarginal line, slightly sinuate, and composed of internervular brown spots: Secondaries whitish at base, becoming smoky externally and greenish ashen on the costa. Beneath, the body and wings are concolorous and of an uniform pale ashen, with a slight olivaceous hue, especially on the costae. Length of body, .90 ; exp. wings, 2.00 inches. Brunswick, Me. Taken at light. Locliinaeus cinereus n. sp. ■J) . Of a peculiar smoky cinereous, frosted with a few white scales, and characterized by the absence of any distinct markings. Head and thorax concolorous with the wings. Antennae pale testaceous. Palpi brown on the sides, beneath very pale. The only transverse line pre- sent on the fore wings is a submarginal row of indistinct brown ashen internervular spots, margined broadly without with white. The places of three inner lines are indicated by three costal spots, very obscure, which are bi'own ashen, margined on each side with whitish scales. Of these the basal one is most distinct. The costal and inner edges of the wing are dusted more thickly with white scales than the outer and middle parts of the wing. Secondaries smoky cinereous, especially on the costa, where is an abbreviated pale band, which does not reach the middle of the wing. Beneath whitish ashen, but a little darker on the costa of the primaries. Length of body, .75; exp. wings, 1.80 inch. Taken at light, at Brunswick, Me. This species, while smaller than the preceding, diifers structurally from it in having more slender and more thinly scaled palpi ; the an- tennae are not so heavily pectinated, and the wings are a little shorter and broader. The absence of any marking but the outer obscure band. 18C4.] 878 and its wanting any green tint, will easily separate this species from any other known to me. Lochmaeus unicolor n. sp. % . Of an uniform pale cinereous, with a faint greenish tinge, with- out any bands or spots. Costa very straight. A faint series of pale longitudinal lines situated on the nervules. crosses the primaries near the base of the nervules. Besides these linear spots there are no other markings on the wings, nor is any one portion of the wing darker than any other. The head, palpi and pectus, and under side of the body is a very pale argillaceous. The secondaries are a little darker above. The moth has a faded passe look that is quite characteristic, and will distinguish it from its allies. Length of body, .85; exp. wings, 1.85 inch. Seekonk, R. I., where it has occurred more frequently than any other species. (Coll. Mrs. Bridgham.) Cambridge, (Coll. Dr. Harris.) Lochmaeus marina n. sp. Pale sea green, dusted very minutely with ashen scales. Nervules slightly cinereous. On the outer third of primaries is a rather irregu- lar curved series of dark dots, bordered externally with white. The end of the nervules are dark. Secondaries pale cinereous, one straight mesial obscure dark spot. Beneath, pale ; body and both wings almost white ; the latter are crossed by a dusky line. Exp. wings, l.GO inch. Seekonk, R. I., (Coll. Mrs. Bridgham.) PLATYCERURA* nov. gen. Head large and prominent, twice as large as in Cerura ; front scu- tellate, broad between the antennae, while the sides are more parallel than in Cerura. Scales short and fine. Palpi short, a little depressed, not reaching the front, compressed and slender; the ord joint short, obtuse. Antennae longer than in Cprura. very narrowly pectinated ; joints longest in the middle, but slowly decreasing in length towards the tip. which is almost simple. Thorax stouter than usual, no " collar " or transverse lines. Primaries short broad triangular, half as long as broad. Costa •■■■"TrXaTu; broad, Cerura. 374 [November straight, curved down more than usual at the obtuse apex ; outer edge .short and not so full as usual; inner angle much more rectangular than usual, while the inner edore of the wins is very nearlv straight. thouo:h not much loniier than the outer edo^e. The 1st subcostal is placed much within the middle of the wing. There is an intercostal space. 2nd s. c. arises just within the origin of the 3th s. c. The apical interspace is of the size of that in Cerura, while it is, owing to the curved nervules enclosing it, semiovate and not triangular as in Cerura. The 4th and 5th s. c. are short and straight. The 1st median nervule instead of being an independent as in Cerura, is curved downwards at base, and united Avith its main nervure. and the 4th median is straight. Secondaries short and rounded, apex very obtuse. The}' reach to the outer fourth of the abdomen. Thus it is much shorter and broader than in Cerura. The apical interspace is long, much as usual. The abdomen tapers rapidly, contracting rapidly before the tip, which is well tufted. Legs much as in Cerura. In color tJie single species known is light gray, crossed by a basal dark straight line, and an outer dark line which widely forks upon the median nervure so as to enclose a square space. The broad triangular fore wings, orbicular secondaries and large broad closely cropped front, the short acute abdomen, and long pecti- nated antennae distinguish this genus from Harpt/ia of Europe, which it somewhat approaches. Platycerura furcilla b. sp. % . Ashen white, dusted with fine dark scales. The primaries are crossed by a twice angulated basal black line, within which at the in- sertion of the wing is a short basal spot. A. second straight line crosses the wing just before its middle, and from it branches at nearly right angles a line which becomes straight above the 2nd median nervule and parallel to the inner line, thus enclosing a large square area which is concolorous with the rest of the wing. There is a submarginal ob- scure line shaded with white externally, which is irregularly zigzag, and runs down more than usual in the 2nd median interspace towards the margin of tne wing. Secondaries whitish, especially on the outer border, with a broad ob- scure dusky submarginal line. The abdominal segments are annulated 18(34.] 375 above with white, paler beneath. The fore wings are beneath dusky, the transverse dark lines appear through, the subraarginal line being , especially conspicuous, beyond which the mai-gin is uiuch paler. The secondaries are crossed by two obsolete bands, near the middle of which the inner one is more distinct upon the eosta, corresponding to an inner costal spot. Length of body, .65; exp. wings, 1.50 inch. Mass., (Coll. Dr. Harris, Mr. Sanborn.) CERTJRA Schrank. Cerura borealis Harris. Phaloena furcula Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 143. Tab. 72. (1797). Dicranura borealis Boisd., Guerin, Icon. Griffith's Edit. Cuvier, Regne Animal. Cerura borealis Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 306. (1841). Cerura bifida var? Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Cerura borealis Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 238. (1862). Cambridge, (Coll. Harris.) Boston, (Sanborn.) Seekonk. R. I., (Coll. Mrs. Bridgham.) New York, (Grote.) Desiderata. Drymonia dimidiata H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. p. 66, fig. 515. (1856). Gluphisia? septentionalis Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). " Hudson's Bay," (Walker.) Ichthyura apicalis Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). • Hudson's Bay," (Walker.) Subfomily Platyptericid.e Stephens. PLATYPTERYX Laspeyres. Platypteryx fabula Grote. Platyjpteryx fahula Grote, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 59. (1862). Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Vol. 1, p. 346. PI. 3. fig. 2. (1863). New York, (Grote.) . Platypteryx genicula Grote. Platypteryx yenicida Grote, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 59. (1862). Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Vol. 1, p. 346. PI. 3, fig. 3. (1863). New York, (Grote.) Mass. (Coll. Dr. Harris.) Boston, (Sanborn.) Cambridge, (F. W. Putnam.) EDAPTERYX® nov. gen. The head of this delicate genus is smaller than in Platypteryx. There ^'fiJijeat, Uripv^ wing. 376 [November is a slight vertical tuft, and the front is much smaller and broader, and , the sides are more excavated than in the preceding genus. Palpi small, weak, not reaching the front. Antennjie well pectinated, the branches being well developed in the female. Body more slender than usual. The fore wings in their general form closely resemble Platyp- teryx but are not so much produced towards the apex, which is broadly triangular. The outer margin is three-toothed, being deeply incised ; the middle tooth is the largest of the three. In the secondaries the apex is much rounded ; the outer margin angulated in the middle ; and the inner angle which passes beyond the tip of the abdomen by a dis- tance equal to a fourth of the length of the inner margin of the wing, is not so angular as is Platypteryx. The interspaces of the fore wings are narrower on the costal region and broader below than in the former genus ; while the median interspaces are shorter. The median nervure is less curved where it throws off its nervules, than in the typical genus. Legs much as in Platypteryx. In its style of coloration the species may be known by the two oblique straight parallel lines crossing the fore wings, which are strigated transversely as in some Greometridre, such as Choerodes and allies. This fragile and very slender bodied genus can at once be distin- guished from Platypteryx by the deep serrations of the outer edge of the fore wings. It also differs in the broader front of the head, smaller palpi and shorter pectinations of the antenna?. I have seen but one female specimen from which to make this de- scription. Edapteryx bilineata n. sp. 9 . A delicate thinly scaled species of an ochreous silvery color ; the ochreous scales appearing along the outer border, and lining the trans- verse lines. These two lines are in the middle of the wing, the outer being a little flexuousj both are dark, the inner one lined within and the outer one lined externally with ochreous. A distinct black discal spot. The fore wing is thickly covered with long transverse brown strig* or short lines which become near the outer edge oblique and sinuate, forming an obscure submarginal line. Secondaries paler and dusky perlaceous. Discal dot distinct and beyond is a transverse dark line once angulated opposite this spot. Be- yond this line the wing is obscurely strigated. 1864.] 377 Beneath, the fore wiugs are more yellowish towards the outer edye, and on the secondaries especially so beyond the outer line which, with the discal dot, is much plainer than on the upper surface. Head and body throughout concolorous with the fore wings. Length of body 9 , .40; exp. wings 1.30 inch. Boston, (Sanborn.) Medford, (Trouvelot.) DHYOPTERIS Grote. Dryopteris rosea Grote. Brepana rosea Walk.. Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Cilix americana H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. p. 60, fig. 470. (1856). Drepana rosea Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 219. (1862). Dryopteris formula Grote. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 60. (1862). Dryopteris rosea Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Vol. 1, p. .SiS. PI. 3, fig. 1. i;i863). Boston, (Harris Coll., Sanborn.) Dryopteris marginata Grote. Drepana marginata Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 219. (1862). Dryopteris marginata Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. Vol. 1, p. .345. (1862). Dryopteris irrorata n. s^j. This species is of a bright ferruginous or brick red, dusted above with brown abbreviated lines and dots, but beneath clear reddish. Palpi and front of head of a bright rusty red, thorax and fore wings slightly shaded with brown. Both pairs of wings are marked nearly alike, being crossed by transverse irrorations which are united into lines near the base of the wing. Within the middle of the wing is a slightly curved irregularly zigzag dark line, which is deeply sinuate in the me- dian space. On the outer fourth of the wing is a line of the same color, which makes an acute angle before reaching the apex of the wing, and then suddenly bends back upon the costa. Just beyond this line is a dark transverse streak which only touches the outer edge at the lower part of the apex, which is nearly black. On the secondaries are two parallel dark somewhat zigzag lines, the inner being half as long as the outer one. Beneath, the outer line only is reproduced, being straight on the fore wings, but a little sinuate on the hind wings. Length of body, .45; exp. wings, 1.40 inch. Brunswick, Me., taken at light in Augu.st. 378 [NoVEMbER Desiderata. Drepana fasciata Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 218. (1862). Drepana arcuaia Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. V. (1855). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 218. (1862). -Nova Scotia," (Walker.) Subfamily BoMBYCiNiE Westwood. This small group which is not represented in this country, was by Westwood considered as a fiimily. The family termination has been chanerve for description. It evidently forms the type of a new genus, and whether it is the true"Aurota" figured by Cramer remains to be proved. Under the name of Phalaena Attacus Cecropia, Polyphemus and Pro- methea, Cramer has figured forms found in the West Indies. Until specimens are received from that quarter it would not be safe to quote his names as synonymes of our more northern species. His figures would lead one to suppose that they were distinct species. Attacus splendida Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 160. (1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Araer. p. 228. (1862). '' Bovibyx splendida DeBeauvois, Ins. en Afrique et en Amer. p. 133. PI. 22, fig. 1, 2." I have been unable to see the figure and description of this species, as the single copy of the work above referred to is incomplete, want- ing that plate and text. " Attacus Didyma Beauv., Ins. Afriq. et Amer. PI. 20." Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 228. (1862). The genus Attacus was by Hiibner restricted to the immense A. Atlas and another species of China. It is doubtful whether any spe- cies of Attacus exists in America. Subfamily Ceratocampad.'E Harris. CITHERONIA Hubner. Citheronia regalis Hubner. Bomby.v regalis Fabricius. Phalcena regia Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 121. Tab. 61. (1797)^ Citheronia regia Hiibn., Verz. p. 163. (1816). Ceratocampa (Ceracampa Kirby) regalis Harr. Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 287. (1841). 3rd Ed. fig. 194. 195 larva. (1862). Dorycampa regalis Duncan, Nat. Libr. xxxii. p. 161. pi. 18. (1845). Ceratocampa regalis Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 229. (1862). Mass., southward, (Coll. Dr. Harris. Sanborn.) This is exceedingly rare in Massachusetts. EAGLES Hiibner. Eacles imperialis Hiibner. Bomhyx imperialis Drury, I. p. 17. pL 9. figs. 1, 2. (1770). Bomhyx imperialis Fabricius. 85 8^ [NoVEMBEa Bomhyx Laocoon Stoll, Sup. to Cramer, p. 179. PI. 42. fig. 2. (1787). Phalczna imperatoria Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 109. Tab. 55. (1797). Eacles imperatoria Hubn., Verz. p. 153. (1816). Cerntocampa imperialis Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Westw. Edit. Driiry, I. p. 17. Pi. 9. figs. 1, 2. (1S37). Dryocampa imperialis Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 290. (1841). Third Edit. fig. 190. 197 larva. (1862). Duncan, Nat. Libr. xxxii. p. 158. PL 17. fig. 1. (1845). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 230. (1862). Mass., (Coll. Harris.) Mrs. Bridirham has taken several of the larvie t'roiii the white pine at Seekouk, 11. I., early in September. EUCHRONIA* nov. gen. Front of the head broadly subtriangular, spreading pilose. Joints of the antennae short, a little serrated beneath, with broad pectinations, each joint being provided with two pairs of pectinations, of which the second is nearly obsolete. Eyes small, sunken. Foramina large and conspicuous when .the head is denuded. Mandibles obsolete, repre- sented by a slight elevated line curving inwards towards the narrow linear mouth. The maxillfe form the membranous rid'>-es diverointr from the under side of the mouth. Mentum and labium obsolete. The palpi consist of two small elongated cylindrical tubercles, with a few long scattered scales. Thorax short and round. Fore wings scarcely longer than the body, one-half as long as broad ; costal margin straight, rounding at the apex • outer margin very oblique. 8rd and 4th sub- costal nervules arise farther out than the 1st median, and the discal area is produced outward at their origin, and made narrower by the angulated base of the 1st median. Secondaries reach nearly to the tip of the outer margin. Discal nervules situated beyond the middle of the wing ; the subcostal and median nervules being short. Wings sparsely covered witli narrow subtriangular scales, laid on more thickly at the base and along the costa of the wings, while the middle area is partially translucent. An irregular dark patch surrounds the narrow linear transparent discal re- gion. An irregular light translucent broad mesial b;ind crosses both wings alike. The fore tibiae are densely pilose. Tarsi thickly spined beneath ; ungues long and slender. ~:j — _ ^ *'Ey, Kpo'voj Saturn. o 1864.] 38.^ This genus is so distinct from its allies, tliut in this place farther proof drawn from larval characters and the head of the imago, which I have entered in my notes, is unnecessary. The term Saturnia Schrank should be retained for the European Safurnia csecigena, sjiini, carp'ui! and pyi. Euchronia Mala- Bomhyx Maia Drury. Illustr. II. p. 42. PI. 24. fig. .3. (1773). Proserphina Fabricius. Phalcena Maia Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 99. Tab. 50. (1797). Saturnia Maia Hiibn., Verz. p. 157. (1S16). Saturnia Proser-pina Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Saturnia Maia Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 285. (1841). Third Edit. fig. 193. (1862). Saturnia Maia Duncan, Nat. Libr. xxxii. p. 154. PI. 16, fig. 1. (1845). Hcmileuca Maia Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Saturnia Maia Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 221. (1862). Maine, New Hampshire, southward, (Coll. Harris, Sanborn, ShurtleiF.) I have received a specimen of this species from Mr. S. J . Smith, of Norway, Me. It has also been taken at Gilmanton, N. H., by Mr. ]M. B. Blake. HEMILEUCA Walker. Hemileuca eglanterina Walker. Saturnia eglanterina Boisd., Lep. Cal. Ann. See. Ent. France, p. 51. (1852). Hemileuca eglanterina Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Teha eglanterina H.-Sch. Lep. Exot. Nov. Sp. p. 10. fig. 445. (1855). Saturnia eglanierina Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 222. (1862). " California," Boisd. Hemileuca Hera. Saturnia Hera Harris. Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 286. (1841). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 221. (1862). According to Dr. Harris, this species was taken by Mr. Nuttall, near the Rocky Mountains. It is figured by Audubon, Birds of America, PI. 359. Hemileuca pica Walker. Hemileuca pica Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Saturnia pica Morris, Synojisis Lep. N. Amer. p. 222. (1862). Desiderata. Saturnia galhina Clem., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phil. p. 156. (1860). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 222. (1862). " Texas," (Clem.) 384 [November ? megoera Fab. Syst. Ent. III. 1. Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Morr-is. Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 222. (1862). HYPERCHIRIA Hubner. Hyperchiria varia Walker. PA«/(C«a /o Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 97. Tab. 49. (1797). Hyperchiria lo Hiibu. Verz. p. 157. (1816). Saturnia lo Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. (1835). Hyperchiria lo Geyer. Forts. Hiibn., Samml. Exot. Schm. III. PL 17. figs. 1—4. (1837). Saturnia lo Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 284. (1841). Third edit. figs. 191, 192. 188 larva. 190 pupa, 189 cocoon. (1862). Aglia lo Duncan, Nat. Libr. xxxii. p. 156, PI. 16. (1845). Hyperchiria varia Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Saturnia lo Fitch, Third Rt. Nox. Ins. N. Y. p. 61. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 220. (1862). Our species has been confounded by authors with Cramer's species lo. Mr. Walker has separated it under the name H. varia. Judging by Cramer's plate, his " lo " from South America belongs to a diflPerent genus, since the outer edge of the fore wings are scalloped, and the hind wings are narrower and longer than in Hyperchiria. COLORADIA Blake. Coloradia Pandora Blake. Coloradia Pandora Blake, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 279. PI. 7. (Nov. 1863). " Pike's Peak, Colorado Terr.," (Blake.) DRYOCAMPA Harris. Dryocampa rubicunda Harris. Bomhyx rubicunda Fabrieius. Dryocampa rubicunda Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 232. (1862). Anisota rubicunda Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 93. (June, 1864). Mass., (Coll. Harris, Sanborn.) Maine. Dryocampa bicolor Harris. Dryocampa bicolor Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 293. (1841). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 232. (1862). Anisota bicolor Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 93. (June, 1864). " North Carolina," (Harris.) ANISOTA Hubner. Anisota senatoria Hubner. Phalaena senatoria Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 113. Tab. 57. (1797). Anisota senatoria Htlbn., Verz. p. 193. (1816). 1864.] 385 Dryocampa senatoria Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 292. (1841). Third edit. Fig. 200. 198 larva, 199 pupa. (1862). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1856). Fitch, Fifth Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 43. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. p. 231. (1862). Anisota senatoria Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 93. (June, 1864). Mass., (Coll. Harris, Sanborn, ShurtlefF.) Cambr., (F. W. Putnam.) Anisota stigma Htihner. Bombyx stigma Fabricius. Phalccna stigma Smith, N. H, Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 111. Tab. 56. (1797). Anisota stigma Hiibn., Ver:. p. 193. Geyer. Forts. Hiibn., Samml. Exot. Schm. III. PI. 26. fig. 1—4. (1837). Dryocampa stigma Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 292. (1841). Walk., Cat. Lf-p. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Fitch, Fifth Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 44. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 231. (1862). Anisota stigma Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 93. (June, 1864). Mass., (Coll. Hariis.) Anisota pellucida Grote. Fhaloena pellucida Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 115. Tab. 58. (1797). Dryocampa pellucida Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 293. (1841). Fitch, Fifth Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 44. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 232. (1862). Anisota pellucida Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 93. (June, 1864). Mass., (Coll. Harris, Sanborn.) N. York, (Grote.) Anisota virginiensis. Bombyx virginiensis Drury, Illustr. II. p. 23. PI. 13, fig. 2. (1773). Dryocampa virginiensis West. Edit. Drury. (1837). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). " Virginia," (Drury.) " Georgia," (Walk.) Subfamily Lachneides' Hiibner. This group, called by most writers Bombycidas, and by Duponchel in 1846, Lasiocampidae, (in part,) corresponds to the Lachneides Eu- firchse (in part) and Tri'chodx of Hiibner in the " Verzeichniss." In restoring the name Lachneides of Hiibner, I apply it to a group in- cluding all three of his "Strips" indicated above, and which, taken collectively, correspond to the Bombycida? of those authors who con- ceived that Bomhi/x mori was the typical genus. 3S6 [November GASTROPACHA Ochsenheimer. Gastropacha americana Harr. Gastropacha americana Harr.. Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 273. (1841). Third edit. fig. 176. (1862). Fitch, Third Rt. Nox. Ins. N. Y. pp. 19, 337, 380. (1856) Gastropacha occidentalis Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VI. (1855). Gastropacha americana Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 233. (1862). Mass., (Coll. Harris, Sanborn.) Brunswick, Me. Captured the last of May. on the wing, by Mr. J. E. Dow. Gastropacha ferruginea n. sp. 9 . A stuuUer species than G. americana, and which approaches closely Smith's illcifolia, I have received from Prof. M. Miles of the Mich. Agricultural College at Lansing. It differs from G. am'ricana in wanting any cinereous bands on the wings. They are throughout rusty brown. Like that species, however, the primaries are crossed by two dark lines, but they are much more distinct, and the inner one is deeply toothed on the discal space. The outer one is more obli(iue and more sinuate, and the space between the two branches is twice as broad ; indeed, we can see that it is the linear discal dot which forms the inner shorter line, and that the outer branch terminates distinctly upon the costa, where in G. americana it is obsolete. There is no line or dis- coloration between this and the outer edge of the wing, which is less excavated, and the teeth are much finer and sharper than in the other species. The excavations are partially filled in with silvery white. There is but a single broad dark line crossing the hind wings and ter- minating at the outer edge of the basal largest excavation ; beneath it does not become diffused as in G. americana. There is no ashen dis- coloration on the hind wings. The head and front of the thorax are cine- reous as in the other species, and the body beneath is very similar. 1 have compared the females pf both species. Length of body, .62 ; length of fore wing, .80 inch. Whether the Phalxna ilici/olia of Smith as figured by Abbot is identical with either of the above species, can only be determined when specimens are received from the Southern States. TOLYPE Hubner. Tolype Velleda Hubner. Bomhyx Velleda Stoll, Sup. to Cramer, Pap. Exot. p. 178. PI. 41. fig. 4. (1787). Phalxna Velleda Smith. N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 103. Tab. 52. (1797). 1864.] 387 Gastropacha Velleda Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 2r:i. (1S41). Third edit. fig. 177. 178, Zarua. (1862). Planosa Velleda Fitch, Second Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 268. (1856). Third Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 20. (1856). Gastropacha Velleda Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 234. (1862). Mas.s., (Coll. Harris, Saabora.) New York, (Grrote.) Tolype laricis. Planosa laricis Fitch, Second Rt. Fox. Ins. N. Y. p. 262. PI. 2. fig. 5, 6. (1856). Gastropacha laricis Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 234. (1862). Mass. " From the pupa Sept. Mt. Auburu, N. H., Leonard." (Havr. Coll.) CLISIOCAMFA. Clisiocampa decipiens Walker. Phalcena castrensis Smith, N. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 119. Tab. 60. (1797). Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Clisiocampa americana Harris, Rt. Mass. p. 269. (1841). Third ed. PI. 7. fig. 17 9 . 18 %. fig. 13 larva, 15 cocoon. 16 eggs. (1862). Clisiocampa decipiens Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mas. VI. (1855). americana Fitch, Second Rt. Nox. Ins. N. Y. p. 181. PI. 3. fig. 3 % 49. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 235. (1862). Maine, southward. Clisiocampa sylvatica Harr. Phaloena neustria Smith, X. H. Lep. Ins. Ga. p. 117. Tab. 59. (1797). Clisiocainpa neustria Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). sylvatica Harr., Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 271. (1841). Third edit. PI. 7, fig. 18 % . 19 larva. (1862). Fitch, Second Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 198. (1856). Fifth Rt. pp. 19, 40. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. X. Amer. p. 236. (1862). Maine, southward. Whether the Bomhi/x americana menti(lued by Fabricius is identi- cal with Harris' americana or not remains a (juestion. At present Walker's name is retained over the name proposed by Dr. Harris. Clisiocampa californica n. sp. Cinnamon brown, with two transverse pale lines curved outward just before terminatinjf upon the costa. Base of the primaries within the inner line is lighter than without. Secondaries darker than the prima- ries. Fringe of both wings broadly interrupted with pale brown. The 388 [November female is lighter colored than the other sex, with two dark brown lines, the outer one continuing straight on to the costa. Beneath in both sexes uniformly darker than above. Length of body, S .55, $ .60 ; exp. wings, % 1 inch, 9 1.20 inch. It differs from C decipiens in that the S has the two transverse lines curved on the costal region. California, (Mr. Edwards.) Subfamily Hepiali Linnaeus. XYLEUTES Hubner. Our species all belong to the above genus, which should be sepa- rated from Cossus. C. ligniperda of Europe is the type of the latter genus. This is a much more robust and heavy form than Xt/kutes, the thorax is more globose, the head is more sunken, the wings are much broader and shorter, having the costa more convex, and the outer mar- gin nearly straight, while the wings are more thickly scaled than in the American genus. Xyleutes robiniae Harris. fJossus robinice Peck, Mass. Ag. Rep. and Journ. V. p. 67. Plate. (1818). Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 1514. (1856). Fitch, Fifth Rt. Nox. Ins. N. York. p. 4. (1859). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 124. (1862). Xyleutes robinice Harris, Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 297. (1841). Third edit. fig. 205. 203 larva, 204 cocoon. (1862). Mass., (Coll. Harris.) Brunswick, Me., larvae and pupae in the red oak. (.') Cossus robinice Boisd., Lep. Cal. Ann. Ent. Soc. France, p. 49. (1852). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 1514. (1856). H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 170, 171. (1856-'58). "California," Boisd. Xyleutes crepera Harris. Cossm crepera Harris, Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Primaries long and narrow; apex acute, much produced; outer mar- o-in very oblique; inner margin very convex at the base. Primaries mottled much as in X. rohinise. The middle of the wing is darker, the clouded portion uniting and forming an oblique broad continuous band extending from the outer fourth of the inner margin to the apex, and, breaking up above into two broad short bands extending upon the costa. Secondaries distinctly triangular, apex acute, basal half of the wing 1864.] 389 and costa and subcostal region black, remaining portion yellow. The dark portion is continued down the inner margin and indentates the yellow outer half along and above the median nervure as far as the origin of its three first branches. _ Outer margin dark. Beneath, the same as above. Length of body, 1.15; exp. wings, 2.20 inches. Mass., (Coll. Harr.) Xyleutes querciperda. Cossu-i querciperda Fitch, Fifth Rt. Jfox. Ins. N. Y. p. 10. (18591 Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 125. (1862). % . Gray, being of the same color as Jl. rohinlpe; the surface covered with an irregular net-work of dark lines differing in degrees of fineness, which are not gathered into spots and bands as in X. robinise. It re- sembles in this respect Cossus lujniperda of Europe, which it approaches more than either of the foregoing species in possessing shorter wings and a less oblique outer edge of the fore wings, but the net-work of fine lines are not arranged in transverse narrow lines as in C. liyniperda. There is a submarginal row of lines which are a little larger and often connected into bands, throwing out forked branches in each in- terspace towards each edge. Secondaries dull and dark, not much paler at the outer edge, conco- lorous with the abdomen. Beneath the primaries are but a little more dusky than above; the hind wings are like the anterior pair, covered with a net-work of lines, which are wanting on the upper side, and are paler than above, while the costa is finely peppered with dark scales. Fringe spotted with black. Length of body, 1 inch; exp. wings, 2.25 inches. This species which I refer with some hesitancy to Dr. Fitch's quer- ciperda, diff"ers from X. robinise in the fuller more convex costa of the fore wings ; the apex is not so much produced, the outer edge much shorter and not so oblique, thus making the inner edge much longer. It is also smaller. Newburgh, New York, (Mr. Edwards.) Xyleutes populi. Cossus populi Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 1515. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 124. (1862). St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay, Barnston, (Walker.) 390 L^OVEMBKR Xyleutus plagiatus. Cossus plagiatus Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 15T5. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Aiaer. p. 12i. (1862). United States, Doubleday, (Walk.) I find the following note in the Systematic List of Canadian Lepi- doptera by W. S. M. D'Urban, Can. Nat. and Geol. Aug. 1860, p. 247. " Cossus plagiatus Walk. Rare, July. " In 1857, Mr. T. R. Peale, of the U. S. Patent Office, named this species Cossus McMurtrici, and informed me that it was common south of Pennsylvania, but rare in the Middle States." ZEUZERA Fabrieius. Zeuzera canadensis Boisd. Zeuzera canadensis H.-Sch., Lep. Exot. Sp. Nov. Fig. 100. (1854). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 1530. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 125. (1862). ■• Canada." (Boisd.) Zeuzera pi/rina Fabrieius, Ent. Syst. III. 2. 5, 6. Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 15.30. (1856). " North America," (Fabr.) STHENOPIS nov. gen. Head small, prominent, front longer than broad, narrowing a little anteriorly; scales of the front long pilose, thin. Palpi slender, reach- ing nearly to the front, thinly spreading scales; 3rd joint hardly distin- guishable from the 2nd. AntennfB short filiform. Thorax short, sub- globose scales much raised behind. Primaries nearly half as broad as long; costa convex at base, and especially so towards the falcate apex, which is subacute; outer mai-gin concave below; internal angle much rounded; inner edge full, convex. 2nd subcostal nervule subdivides within its middle, while in Hepialus it subdivides beyond its middle. 1st subcostal much curved beyond its middle, following the contour of the costa. Secondaries reach a little beyond the middle of the abdomen ; costa somewhat concave before the middle, beyond convex, apex produced acutely ; outer margin not very full ; wings broadest from the internal angle to the costa. In both wings the distance between the origins of the 4th median nervule and the submedian nervure, where it throws oft' the connecting branch, is less than the distance between the same ner- vule and the origin of the ord. The reverse of this occurs in Hepialus. 1864.] 391 Legs broadly pilose, spreading on each side to the ungues. Hind tarsi closely scaled ; % tibiae with a long broad oblong tuft, once wrinkled. Abdomen long, compressed, with a slight anal tuft. This genus is readily distinguished from Hapialus not only by its greater size, but by important structural characters. The head is smaller and more free from the thorax; the wings are more falcate, with a fuller inner edge. The apex of the hind wings are more pro- duced. Hepialus does not possess the large square tuft on the hind tibiae, nor the elongated abdomen. The wings are covered with broad irregular bands of silvery scales, which are more uniformly spread over the surface in S. humuli of Europe, which likewise belongs to this genus. This last named species has, with G. Lihatiia, been placed by Hiibner in his genus Gorgopis. But our species cannot be referred to this genus, as restricted by Walker to Gnrgnpis Lllianla Hiibn. (Cramer sp.) and G. caffra Steph. (MSS.) which have, according to his description, (Cat. Lep. Br. jMus. VII. p. 1565) " long and slender palpi extending beyond the head ; 3rd joint elongated," while the antennae are deeply pectinated, and the seconda- ries reach a little beyond the tip of the abdomen. Also the costa of the primaries is straight and the outer border is but slightly oblique. Our genus does not seem to extend to the tropics, but to be confined to the temperate zone of Europe and America, and on this continent its species are found on the confines of the subarctic regions in the Hudson's Bay Territory. Sthenopis argenteomaculata. Mepiahis argenteomaculatus Harr., Cat. Ins. Mass. p. 72. (1835). Rt. Ins. Mass. p. 295. (1841). Third edit. fig. 410. (1862). , Gosse, Can. Nat. p. 248. (1840). Agassiz, Lake Superior, p. .389. PI. 7, fig. 6. (1854). Walk., Cat. Lep. Br. Mus. VII. p. 1556. (1856). Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Amer. p. 123. (1862). Gorgopis argenteomaculata Packard, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. p. 596. (1863). Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. p. 73. (April, 1864). Lake Superior, (Coll. Harris. M. C. Z., Prof L. Agassiz.) Sas- katchewan, Scudder, (Coll. M. C. Z.) St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Hudson's Bay, Barnston, (Walk.) " Canada West, Stevens," (Walk.) " Eastern Townships," (Gosse.) " Sorel," (D'Urban.) 392 ■ [November The specimen collected by Mr. Seudder is a little smaller than the Lake Superior specimen ; the two basal spots are narrow linear and much smaller ; the wings are rather more ochreous, and the outer tri- angular spot at the end of the fourth marginal line is distinct, while in the Lake Superior specimen it is very obscure. Both specimens are females. Sthenopis purpurascens n. sp. Gorgopis purpurascens Pack., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. p. 598. (1863). $ . Dark sable brown, with irregular bands of silvery purple. Head and body deep sable brown. Fore and hind wings of a purplish silvery hue. At the base of the discal space is a very distinct triangular silvery spot, and in the succeeding space is a more obscure linear spot. These are enclosed in a band of three large sable spots directed obliquely upon the internal angle, the marginal one being semi-ovate. From the origin of the median nervules proceeds a broad oblicjue band to a little beyond the middle of the costa ; there being two unequal costal oblong spots before and at its middle. The outer margin including the apex is brown. A submarginal purple silver line as in S. argenteomaculafa, excavated within each in- terspace, especially in the disco-marginal one. A square detached por- tion of this band is isolated upon the costa just before its apex. Tarsi rubicund, tibiae slightly tinged with roseate. Beneath both wings are uniformly purplish, except upon the costa, as the markings on the fore wings hardly appear beneath, but there is a marginal row of purplish silver triangular spots. Compared with the preceding species, the primaries are fuller to- wards the apex which is more obtuse, and the outer margin is hardly excavated beneath the apex, making the wings less falcate. The hind wings are larger, fuller and more rounded from the apex to the- inner angle. It differs also in wanting any tawny tinge. Length of body, 1.62; exp. wings, 4.20 inches. Captured by Mr. S. H. Seudder, at the base of Mt. Washington. Sthenopis quadri guttata. Gorgopis quadriguttatus Grote, Pr. Eiit. Soc. Phil. iii. p. 73. PL 1, f. 6. 9 . (186-t). Great Slave Lake,' Mr. Ross," (Grote.) a 4 I Sthenopis argentata n. sp. % . Dark sable brown, fore wings obscurely silvery. Three distinct 1864.] • 393 ratlier large sable costal spots, of which the costo-apical is the largest and semi-ovate, oblique, and edged with silver gray. At the base of the discal space is a tawny brown spot, margined without with silver and centered with a triangular silver spot. There are two similar tawny oval spots below, one situated at the base of the submedian space, con- tains an elongated angular silver spot ; the other is distinctly oval, and destitute of any silver center. These two tawny spots form part of a median oblique band which narrows in width upon the first sub- costal nervule, and below runs towards the internal angle, just beyond the middle of the inner edge of the wing. An inwardly curved line of silvered sable brown passes from the internal angle to the apex, en- closing a dark marginal region which contains three nearly straight silvery lines which ai-e slightly interrupted upon the nervules, the outer one following the contour of the border. Secondaries darker than the primarie!^, some obscure silvery lines on the costa towards the apex. Ends of the nervules lighter than the rest of the wing. Beneath the wings are nearly concolorous with the upper side of the hind wings, the transverse line faintly reappearing on the fore wings. Length of body, 1.20; exp. wings, 2.50 inches. Taken on the low grounds behind the Museum Comp. Zoology, Cam- bridge, Mass., by Mr. C. A. Shurtleff. Also in Dr. Harris' collec- tion. Judging by Mr. Grote's figure of S. quadrigiittatus, this superb spe- cies is smaller, the fore wings are more falcate, its colors are of a darker shade, and the two basal silver triangular spots on the fore wings are several times larger than in the species from the Great Slave Lake. In the natural order the S. humul! of Em-ope would connect this genus with Hepialus, as it is smaller, and otherwise approaches that genus more closely than any known American species. HEPIALUS Liun. Hepialus mustelinus n. sp. 9. Sable brown. Head and thorax sable brown. Scales at the base of the abdomen and secondaries yellowish brown. Three broad silvery spots on the costa margined with black; a broad silvery line along the in- ternal margin, which is continued as a submarginal oblique straight line, dislocated on the 2nd median, and margined with yellowish brown, with 394 ' [November some black scales. A marginal series of triangular spots. Fringe dark at the base, spotted externally with silver. Beneath, thorax and abdomen yellowish brown, as is the costa, which is banded by three dusky patches. Dusky in the median portion of the wings. Legs dark externally. Length of body, .60; exp. wings, 1.80 inch. Not uncommon at Brunswick, Me., at light in August. Mass., (Coll. Sanborn.) Hepialus labradoriensis n. sp. Uniform dark sable brown. Primaries narrower and more produced towards the rounded apex than //. mustditms^ which it closely resem- bles. The outer edge of the wing is also much more obli([ue. Some darker scales along the median nervule. Li the middle of the subme- dian space is a large black angulated spot, margined with light brown. A submarginal straight oblique broad paler band, dislocated in the middle of the wing, curved between the nervules, and enclosing black dots ; margined externally with blackish scales. Secondaries uniform sable, of a paler hue than in the preceding spe- cies. Fringe concolorous. lieneath colored the same as above. Length of body, .GO; exp. wings, 1.45 inch. Salmon Bay, on Caribou Island, Labrador, Straits of Belle Isle, Au- gust 3rd, 18G0. (A. S. P.. Jr.) Hepialus carnus Fabr.? Walk. Cat. Le]). Br. Mus. VII. ]>. 1556. (1856). St. Martin's Falls, Albany River, Barnston, (Walk. ) 1864.] . 395 ERRATA TO SYNOPSIS PART T. Page 97, line 26, for Sliurtliff read Shurtleflf. line 27, for 1860 read 1862.* line 3, for Hand, read Hund. line 23, for badly read hardly, line 22, for as read of. note, for 'ev read "Eu. 98 100 100 101 102 103 103 104 105 107 107 107 107 109 109 110 111 111 114. 116, 116 117 125 125 126 126 126 126 127 127 128 ne 12, for Hand, read Hund. ne 24, for Hand, read Hund. ne 16, for Agrassiz read Agassiz. ne 13, for pa^jillated read pupilled. ne 3, for synonjane read synonymy. ne 28, for Boids read Boisd. ne 32, for II read III. ne 32. in parenthesis insert 1855. ne 15, for they read there. ne 16, for Oneogyna read Ocnogyna. ne 32, dele ; after secondaries. ne 18, for wings read winged. ne 21, for Monatsl. read Monatsb. ne 21, dele , after " third." ne 13, for Hand, read Hund. ne 36, for Zeveite Hand, read Zweite Ilund. ne 2, for synoysis read synopsis. ne 3, for pseiider)nia read p sender minea. ne 30, for 3rd read 3d. ne 10, insert after 2.05 the word inches. ne 17, for Ewpractis read Euproctis. nes 19, 24 and 36, dele Clem., to, and insert Append, after Amer. ne 29, for Ci/cma cunca read Ci/cnia cunea. ne 24, for inches read inch. ne 29, insert Phalcena before oculatissima. ne 6, dele Hiibn. before Geyer's. »The date of Morris' Synopsis should read 1862 instead of 1860. 296 [November EXPLANATORY NOTE. Since the issue of the first part of this Synopsis, I have learned from Mr. A. Agassiz that the species of Arctiada;, mentioned as collected by him in California, were presented by him to the Mus. Comp. Zool. under the condition that they should not be described, and moreover, that some of the species were presented by T)r. Behr of San Francisco, to the Cambridge Museum, with the understanding that no one but himself was to work them up. Having published my notes upon these species, I should state in ex- planation, that when I became a student in the zoological department of the Lawrence Scientific School, Professor Agassiz placed the entire collection of Bombycidae in my hands to study, and neither at that time nor at any period until now, have I had any intimation from the Direc- tor of the ^Museum, or learned indirectly from any label on the boxes or insects themselves, that the insects were not exclusively and without any conditions the property of the Museum. Also, I was entirely ig- norant that any one but Mr. Agassiz had collected any of the specimens, since, according to the best of my recollection, his name alone appeared upon the labels as the collector. Through ignorance I have thus done an unintentional injustice both to Mr. Agassiz and Dr. Behr, and take this opportunity of expressin"- my sincere regret at having unawares used material which it seems both of these gentlemen had reserved for their own use. 1864.] '507 Descriptions of two new genera of North American ICHNEUMONID.S. BY E. T. CRESSON. GROTEA nov. gen. Head subglobose ; face prominent; eyes moderate, ovate, obtusely emarginate opposite the insertion of the antennae ; ocelli placed in a triangle on the vertex ; clypeus slightly ti-ansverse, broadly rounded at base, deeply impressed on the disk, rounded and recurved at tip ; mandibles moderate, deeply bifid at tip; palpi filiform, rather slen- der; the throat, immediately behind the oral cavity, is narrowed on each side into an acute tooth. Antennse, long and slender, slightly thickened at the tip, with about 46 joints; the basal joint robust, short and globose, obliquely truncate exteriorly and receiving the 2nd and ord joints, which are minute ; 4th joint long ; 5th about half the length of the 4th; remaining joints gradually shorter, the terminal one pointed. Thorax long and narrow, much prolonged before the wings (Fig. 1, a), rounded in front; pectus gra- Fig. 1. dually pointed behind and extending to the tip of the tegulfB ; mesothorax oblong-ovate, depressed ; pleura rather large, excavated beneath the wings; scutellum small, subquadrate, convex ; metathorax rather small, convex. Wings (Fig. 1, i) mode- rately long, narrow ; stigma long and narrow, re- moved further towards the tip of the wing than usual ; marginal cell elongate, sublanceolate, extending all the way to the apex of the wing, the lower nervure faintly curved towards the tip ; submarginal cell elongate, receiving the first recurrent nervure about the middle; areolet* removed nearer to the tip of the wing than usual, broad, 5-angular, the side nervures oblique, the second recurrent nervure almost straight, faintly sinuate in the middle, and received by the areolet a little beyond ♦ * The areolet is too square in the figure ; the lateral nervures should be more oblique, so as to make the posterior jjart broader, and the lower nervure should be slightly angular at the junction with the 2ud recurrent nervure which is nearer the tip of the areolet than is represented in the figure. 398 [November the middle. Legs simple, rather short and tolerably robust, the poste- rior pair the longest and stoutest ; posterior coxfe elongate, almost as lono- as the femora, which are short and somewhat thickened ; tibial spurs moderate ; tarsi slender, claws very robust, curved and acute at tip, pulvuli large. Abdomen ($. Fig. 1, c) petiolated, very long, slender, strongly arcuated beyond the basal segment which is one-third the length of the abdomen, slender, linear, recurved towards the tip, with a subobsolete tubercle on each side of the middle, tip slightly di- lated ; 2nd and following segments gradually shorter and broader, the apex faintly subcompressed, truncate in the % ; beneath, the tip is sUt longitudinally in the $ , the ovipositor about as long as the 1st segment of the abdomen. This singular genus may be easily recognized by the elongate, flat- tened thorax being unusually produced before the wings; the long and narrow wings, the situation of the stigma and areolet unusually near the tip of the wings, and the long, slender, arcuated abdomen, and its long, cylindrical, recurved basal segment. It gives me pleasure to dedicate this interesting genus to my friend and fellow student, Mr. Augustus R. Grote, the distinguished American lepidopterist, by whose zealous endeavors the Collection of the Entomo- logical Society is being constantly increased. Grotea anguina, n. sp. Female. — Head yellow, shining, the vertex and occiput, except the orbits, more or less ferruginous; antennae three-fourths the length of the body, fulvous, the three or four basal joints tinged with dusky above, at the apical third a small black annulus, covering three or four joints, beyond which the joints are bright yellow. Thorax smooth and polished ; collar yellow, ferruginous at base, pectus and pleura yellow, and highly polished, the sutures blackish; on each side of the pleura a broad, longitudinal, ferruginous dash, the anterior half of which is mar- o-ined above with black ; mesothorax ferruginous, with two more or less distinct, longitudinal, central, yellowish lines, the lateral sutures black- ish; scutellum yellow, as well as the postscutellum ; metathorax highly polished, smooth, ferruginous, a spot on each side at base and the extreme apex yellow, just before the middle a tolerably well-defined, transverse, slightly sinuate carina, meeting on each side a longitudinal carina; 1864.] 399 teguljB yellow. Wings hyaline, glossy, faintly iridescent; uervures and stigma black. Legs yellow, polished; the posterior pair, except their coxae at base beneath, and tips of their femora, fulvo-ferruginous, their tibiai and tarsi paler, the latter dusky at tips; the anterior femora are slightly tinged with ferruginous. Abdomen with the basal segment ferruginous and polished, blackish above at base, and tinged with yel- low on each side and at extreme tip ; remaining segments subopacjue. fuscous above, darker towards the tip, with a bluish iridescence, the apical margins of the segments pale, and the sides more or less yellow ; beneath yellow, tinged with ferruginous; ovipositor longer than the first segment of the abdomen, dull rufous, the valves bright yellow, black at base and tip, more broadly so at base. Length 8 lines ; expanse of wings 10 lines. 3Iale. — Like the female, except that the antennae are without the black annulus on the apical third, and the abdomen is not so much tinged with yellowish laterally. ffab.—^eyv Jersey, (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil.) New York, (Coll. Mr. James Angus.) Four specimens. Mr. Angus has reared both % and 9 of this singular insect from a Rasp- berry stem, together with a small species of Crahro. LABENA, nov. gen. Head transverse; face rather prominent, quadrate; eyes large, slight- ly emarginate opposite the insertion of the antennte; ocelli placed in a triangle on the vertex; clypeus subtransverse, depressed, truncate and subcarinate at base, rounded at tip; mandibles moderate and stout, acutely bifid at tip; palpi filiform, moderate. Antcnntx, rather long and tolerably stout, with over 50 joints, the basal joint short and robust, obliquely truncate on the outside, receiving the 2nd and 8rd joints, the last of which is minute; 4th joint nearly as long as the three basal joints together; remaining joints gradually shorter, the incisures dis- tinct and prominent in % , indistinct in 9 • Thorax short and robust; mesothorax ovate, slightly convex; scutellum rather prominent, subor- bicular ; metathorax moderate, convex, with distinct elevated lines. Wliujs long and ample, the neuration resembling that of Grotea, except that the discoidal cell is much shorter, the outer nervure or second re- 400 ' [November cuireut nervure is angular in the middle, and the areolet is rhomboidal. Legs simple, the two anterior pairs rather short, the posterior pair elongate, robust, their coxis unusually long, more robust in 9 , about equal in length with the femora, which are robust, the trochanters elon- gate; tibiae and tarsi slender; tarsal claws long and simple, curved and acute at tip, pulvuli small. Abdomen elongate, subpetiolated or slightly subsessile, gradually thickened towards the tip; basal segment longest, slightly dilated at tip with a tubercle, more or less distinct, on each side before the middle; 2nd segment about one-fourth shorter than the 1st, the remaining segments each shorter than the 2nd, subequal; beneath, the tip is slit longitudinally in 9 , the ovipositor as long as the abdo- men. This genus may be readily distinguished by the very elongate, sub- cylindrical posterior coxae; the elongate, clavate abdomen, and the neuration of the wings, which is very similar to that of Grotea. The 9 is larger and much more robust than the % , with the abdomen more strongly clavate. Labena grallator. Say. Cryptus grallator Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. i. p. 236. Female. — Ferruginous, or fusco-ferruginous ; face rugose, occiput and cheeks, smooth and polished ; orbits, and the margin in front and behind the ocelli, yellowish; the clypeus, mandibles, except tips, and the palpi, tinged with yellowish, a band across the vertex, covering the ocelli, and tips of the mandibles, black; antennae about two-thirds the length of the body, stout, fusco-ferruginous, sometimes blackish, orange- yellow from the 13th or 14th joint to the apical fourth, the basal joint beneath tinged with yellowish. Thorax shining, densely and closely punctured ; sides of the collar, upper margin of the pectus, a line be- neath the fore-wings, a spot beneath the hind-wings, and two subobso- lete longitudinal lines on the mesothorax, yellowish; the sutures of the thorax black, that between the pleura and metathorax margined with yellow ; scutellum minutely and closely punctured, yellow, (sometimes obscure) as well as the postscutellum and the space on each side; the excavation in front of the scutellum blackish ; metathorax pubescent, finely and closely punctured, ferruginous, more or less stained with yel- low behind, the elevated lines sharply defined, forming a large, sub- 1864.] 401 quadrate, G-sided, central area; ou each side, just above the insertion of the posterior coxae, a rather large, black tubercle; tegul« longitudinal, yellowish-ferruginous. Wings ample, dark fuscous, with a brilliant brassy gloss, and a more or less deep violet reflection ; beneath the stigma an oblique, subhyaline dash, sometimes extending, irregularly^ to the posterior angle of the wing, the base is sometimes subhyaline, and the large posterior basal cell of the hind-wing is entirely hyaline ; nervures blackish, stigma ferruginous ; areolet large, rhomboidal. pro- longed towards the base of the wing. Legs ferruginous, the posterior coxae, trochanters and femora, darker ; the four anterior coxas varied yellowish ; tips of ali the femora, and the tibiae and tarsi, orange-yellow, the extreme tips of the latter dusky. Abdomen elongate, convex, cla- vate, shining, with a more or less distinct purple iridescence, and clothed, especially towards the tip, with a very short and fine yellowish-serice- ous pubescence; apical margins of all the segments narrowly yellowish, sometimes obsolete, the incisures between the segments rather deep and blackish, less distinct towards the tip, which is broad and robust; be- neath, the segments are yellowish, with large, lateral, blackish stains; ovipositor as long as the abdomen, stout, black, valves orange-yellow, their apical third black. Length 8i — 10^ lines; expanse of wings 13—18^ lines. Male. — Resembles the female, but is smaller, the face entirely, the pectus, the upper part of the pleura, two distinct central lines on the mesothorax, as well as its lateral margins, and the four anterior legs, including their coxae, are bright yellow; the apex of the first and second abdominal segments are more broadly yellow, and the lateral blackish stains on the venter are smaller; the abdomen is more slender and sub- clavate; the antennae are as long as the body, without any annulus, as in the female, and more or less blackish above towards the apex, and the wings are more varied with hyaline and subhyaline. Length 7 2 — 8 lines; expanse of wings 13 — 14 lines. Hah. — New York, (James Angus); Pennsylvania, (Geo. Newman); Delaware, (Dr. T. B. Wilson). Five specimens. (Coll. Ent. Soc. Phil). A large and fine species, easily recognized by its dark fuscous wings, more or less varied with subhyaline. '^^'- [November Labena apicalis, n. sp. Male. — Pale ferruginous, or honey-yellow, slightly pubescent; face finely rugose, yellow, as well as the space before the ocelli, the orbits and the clypeus; a band across the vertex, covering the ocelli, and tips of the mandibles, black ; antennae as long as the body, porrect, honey- yellow, black at tips, paler beneath. Thorax shining, very finely and closely punctured ; a line on each side of the collar, margins of the pectus, a spot on upper part of the pleura, and a line beneath the fore- wings, yellowish; mesothorax entirely dull ferruginous; scutellums yellowish-ferruginous; metathorax pubescent, dull ferruginous, shining the apex tinged with yellowish, the elevated lines sharply defined, form- ing a large, subquadrate, (5-sided, central area; tegulae longitudinal, yellowish-ferruginous. Wings long, ample, hyaline, glossy, rather iri- descent, the apex of both anterior and posterior pair dark fuscous; ner- vures fuscous, stigma ferruginous; areolet large, rhomboidal. Legs honey-yellow, polished ; the two anterior pairs, and the posterior tibiae and tarsi, tinged with yellowish ; tips of all the tarsi blackish. Abdo- men elongate, slender, gradually thickened towards the apex, which is slightly incurved ; the segments polLshed and convex, with the apical margin of the first four, more or less yellowish; beneath yellowish, with large lateral blackish stains. Length 60 lines; expanse of wings Qa lines. ffab. — Delaware. Dr. Thomas B. Wilson. One specimen. (Coll. Entom. Soc. Philad.) Closely allied to L. gi-oUator, but is smaller, and at once distinguished by the hyaline wings, with only their apex fuscous. 1864.] 403 ON PHYTOPHAGIC VARIETIES AND PHYTOPHAGIC SPECIES. BY BENJ. D. WALSH, M. A. It is well known, especially to breeders of Lepidoptera, that there are certain species of Insects, which in the larva state feed only on one particular species or a few closely allied species of plants, and others which feed on a great variety of plants belonging to difterent species and genera, and even to diiferent and widely distinct fiimilies. For example, Attactis Luna Drury occurs only on the walnut and hickory, while Attacus Gecropia Lin. is found, according to Harris, on apple, cherry and plum trees, and on currant and barberry bushes, and I have reason to believe that it feeds also on the common hazel. But there is a still more remarkable example of diversified tastes in Dri/ocampa hnperialis Drury, which feeds sometimes on the sycamore, an angio- spermous tree, and sometimes on the pine, a gymnospermous tree. Occasionally this difl'erence of food causes certain differences in the insect itself, either in the larva or in the imago state. Thus the larvas of Datanu mlniatra Drury that occur on the oak, the apple tree, the thorn and several other trees, almost invariably have a large yellow spot behind the head, and always have pale longitudinal lines on the body ; while those that are found on the hickory are either entirely black, or are longitudinally lineate with whitish without any yellow spot behind the head. But as this last variety also occurs on the oak, and the imago bred from the black variety on the hickory is absolutely identical with the imago bred from the yellow-necked and striped va- riety on the oak, as I have experimentally ascertained, it would seem that the two forms cannot be distinct. Again, I have taken numerous specimens of Chrysomela scalaris Lee. on the elm and basswood, which measure in length .35 — .40 inch ; and on the dogwood (cornus) and wild plum I have for many years back taken whole swarms along with their larvje, which ranged from .27 to .30 inch in length, and none of which exceeded the latter measurement. Yet on the closest inspection I could discover no other distinctive character but size, and on forwarding specimens of both forms three years ago to Dr. LeConte with a statement of the facts, they were pronounced by him to be iden- 404 [November tical. It is observable that Rogers gives the length of this species as .32_.40 inch, {Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Ph!l., Feb. 1856, p. 32) and Harris as " about .30 inch," the accompanying figure being .40 inch long. (^Inj.lns. p. 132.)* Thirdly, Haltlca alternata Illig. (= ^-vtttata Say according to LeConte MS.) is stated by Say to be " found in considera- ble numbers on the common elder (Sambucus) and some other plants," and is described by him as having five vittae on the elytra. Although he notices two variations in the coloration of the head and thorax, he says not a word as to the elytral vittae ever being subobsolete or obso- lete. {Soys Worka, II. p. 227.) I have three specimens in my Cabi- net, captured some years ago, but on what plant I have no record, all of which have the elytral vittae deep black, and very nearly as wide as the yellowish interspaces. As the elder grows abundantly near Rock Island, they may very probably have fed in the larva state upon that plant. In the first few days of August, 1864, I captured on the gall Salicis hraaslcoidcs Walsh, which is peculiar to Salix longifolia, a sub- aquatic willow, six specimens with the elytral vittae distinct and black but i narrower than in my Cabinet specimens, and one with the elytral vittae pale and almost obsolete; and on August 6th, I bred a specimen from that gall with the elytral vittae pale and almost obsolete. On August 9th I captured, mostly on the wing, in a patch of Salix humilis — a dwarf upland willow, which bears a gall, Salicis rhodoides Walsh, constructed on the same principle as ^S*. hrassicoides — twenty specimens of this species, one with the vittae distinct and black but 2 narrower than in my cabinet specimens, seven with the vittae pale and more or less indistinct, and twelve with the vittae more or less entirely obsolete. I have also received from Chicago two specimens with the vittae entirely * I have noticed that C. Bigshyana Kby. occurs along with its larva exclusively on willows, and C. casta Rogers, oh a weed, the name of which I do not know. Casta is an Illinois and Kansas species, and is supposed by Dr. LeConte (MS.) to be a mere variety of pulcra Fabr. ; but jtulcra, which is a much larger spe- cies, does not occur near Rock Island, while casta is very abundant there. It would be interesting to know on what plant pulcra feeds, and also on what plant Chr. Philadelphica feeds, which so closely resembles 5('(/.s6ya«a. Of Phila- delphica I have taken but a single specimen near Rock Island in seven years, while Bigsbyana is very abundant there. It will be a great help towards sepa- rating the species of this difficult genus to note the plant or plants on which they are found in company 10 ith their larvae, i. e. on which they feed. 1864.] 405 obsolete, but on what plant they occurred I do not know. From these facts I infer that H. alternata^ when it inhabits the elder, has the elytral vittae distinct and black, and that, when it inhabits the willow, there is a strong tendency for those vittae to become obsolete, less strong perhnps when it feeds on Salix longifolia, and more strong when it feeds on S. humilis. Finally, I know from ray own boyish experience, that when the common silk worm is fed entirely upon lettuce leaves from the egg to its adult stage, it always spins not yellow, but whitish silk ; but whether this variation in the color of its secretions is corre- lated with any variation in the larva or imago state of the insect, I cannot say. Many other such examples will occur to every intelligent and observing field-entomologist. Varieties of the above character, i. e. where certain unimportant characters in the insect are correlated with the food-plant, while at the same time there is no sufficient reason to doubt that the two varieties freely intercross, I propose, for convenience' sake, to call Phytophagic Varieties. We may observe that Phytopha- gic Varieties, like Dimorphous and Trimorphous forms, (/'/•oc. Ent. Soc. Phil. pp. 221 — 3) sometimes — at all events if the dwarfed form of f A/-. scalaris be considered merely as a variety — offer an exception to the general law, that the absence of intermediate forms proves diversity of species. Even with the little we know of the Laws of Inheritance, we mi"ht infer a priori, that when from peculiar circumstances a Phytophagic Variety, including both the sexes, has fed for a great many generations upon one particular plant of the number inhabited by the species to which it belongs, it would be likely to transmit to its descendants in the imago state a tendency to select that particular plant upon which to deposit its eggs. We know, for example, that young pointer pup- pies, when taken into the field, will frequently point game without any instruction or training whatever, though the habit of pointing is clearly an acquired and not a natural habit, and must have been transmitted to them from their ancestors in virtue of the Laws of Inheritance. If, then, it should so happen, that, owing to the presence of but a single species of the plants ordinarily fed upon by a particular species of in- sects, or to other causes, eggs have been uniformly deposited by a Phy- tophagic Variety upon the same plant for an indefinitely long series of generations — say fifty, or a hundred, or a thousand, or ten thousand — 406 [November and the female has in no case intercrossed with a male belonging to a different Phytophagic Variety, then it is probable that habit will have become a second nature, and that it will cease to be possible for that insect, which by the supposition has fed upon that one plant for a very long series of years, to feed upon any other plant than that to which it has become habituated by the Laws of Inheritance. But before this point is reached, another series of phenomena will have come into play. Every naturalist is aware that species often run into what are known as geographical races, when separated into two or more distinct groups by physical barriers. Just so the Phytophagic Variety, having by the supposition been isolated from the other mem- bers of its species, will often run into what may be called Phytophagic Races, and finally perhaps acquire either a moral indisposition, or a physical inability, to intercross with the other members of the species. It will then have become what I propose to call a Phytophagic Species, distinguished from the other members of the species to which it originally belonged by certain slight peculiarities of size, or of coloration, or occa- sionally even of structure, just as geographical races are so distinguished. But there will be this essential difference between the two cases: Geo- graphical Races are connected, or supposed to be connected, by all the intermediate grades, and may therefore be reasonably concluded to in- tercross on the confines of their geographical boundaries. Phytophagic Species are not so connected, and by the supposition they do not inter- cross, or, at all events, only in very rare instances, as is sometimes the case with what are allowed on all hands to be distinct species.* According to my views, Phytophagic Species are as truly distinct species as those which differ by much stronger characters. "The only valid practical criterion," as I have already said, {Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. II. p. 220,) " of specific distinctness is the general non-existence, either actually ascertained or analogically inferred, of intermediate grades in the distinctive characters, whence we may reasonably conclude that the two supposed species are distinct, i. e. that they do not now in general •••■Mr. Henry Shinier, of Carroll County, Illinois, writes me word that he has recently seen %, Hippodamia maculata DeGeer copulating with 9 Coccindla no- vemnotata Hbst. He has sent me specimens of both species, and I have no doubt that they were rightly determined by him. Similar examples in this family have already been referred to by me. {Froc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I. p. .351.) 1864.] 407 mix sexually together, or if geographically separated, that they would not do so, supposing them to be placed in juxtaposition." According to this view of what Darwin calls " the undiscovered and undiscovera- ble essence of the term species," {Orig. Spec. p. 421,) it is immaterial whether the distinctive characters be slight or strong, so that they be perfectly constant. But as many naturalists are of opinion, that to con- stitute a distinct species it is nece.ssary that the distinctive characters should be tolerably strong, it will be better to distinguish Phytophagic Species by this particular denomination, and not confound them with the general mass of what are known as distinct species. After all, the difference of views on this subject is a difference only in words and not in things. I consider as species all forms which do not habitually in- termix in a state of nature — as according to the definition of the term Phytophagic Species do not — the absence of intermediate grades being, as a general rule, taken as the criterion of the species not habitually intermixing in a state of nature. Others require in addition, that the distinctive characters should be of a certain type, which is left to be fixed and defined in each particular genus by certain varying and somewhat indefinite rules. It is evident, therefore, that the term "species" is used here in two different senses, and to avoid ambiguity it is necessary to distinguish the doubtful and disputed forms by some particular name. It may be asked why the process by which PhytopRagic Species are formed is not reiterated on all hands, till Nature becomes a Babel of con- fusion and the number of distinct species equals the grains of sand on the sea-shore. The answer is simple. There are two great antagonistic forces in Nature, the Law of Variation, causing individuals of almost all species to assume occasionally abnormal characters or abnormal pro- pensities, and what may be called the L.\w of Assimilation, which, by the intercrossing of these abnormal individuals and their descendants with the normal type, gradually in successive generations softens down, eliminates and extirpates whatever is strange and peculiar in tlicni. Thus, American families of the pure Caucasian race, which intercrossed in a single instance many generations since with the Bed Indian, have already, by successive intercrosses with the White Bace, completely eliminated all traces of Indian blood. It can only be in very rare cases indeed, that the process which I have been describing can be carried 408 [NoVEMliER to its full completiou, because it can only be in very rare cases indeed, that intercrossing with the other Phytophagic Varieties of the same species can be avoided, and the Law of Assimilation prevented from coming into play. If these views be correct, we might expect to find Phytophagic Va- rieties and Phytophagic Species most abundant in those vegetable-feed- ing genera, where the imago flies but little, or flies very weakly, or has no wings at all, and where consequently intercrossing does not so rea- dily take place. Such genera are Gi/nlps and its allies in Hymenop- tera, Cccidomi/ia in Diptera, Apliis and its allies and Coccus and its allies in Homoptera, Tini/is in Heteroptera, and Diapheiomera in Or- thoptera, though this kst makes up perhaps to a certain extent for its want of wings by its great powers of walking. All authors have re- marked upon the minute shades of diff'erence that distinguish the spe- cies of the four first genera and their allies, and upon their being fre- quently restricted to certain species of plants. I have myself recently observed, that an apparently undescribed species of Tingis, which oc- curs profusely on the basswood and the false indigo (amorpha fruticosa), when it occurs on the latter plant is always distinguished from the bass- inhabiting type by the carinate basal cell of the elytra terminating be- hind nearly in a rectangle, instead of an angle of about 60° or 80'^, and is probably, therefore, divisable into two Phytophagic species.* » *I have before referred to this Tingis. [Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. I. p. 295,) though I had not then noticed the nice structural distinc'.iou between the two forms inhabiting respectively the bass and false indigo. Some specimens found on the wild cherry were identical with the bass-inhabiting form, and as they oc- curred on a tree not far removed from several basswoods. might j^ossibly have flown there from them. The false indigos on which the other form occurred had no trees growing within a furlong of them. Believing the two forms to be dis- tinct Phytophagic Species, and that both are undescribed, I annex descriptions : Tingis tiliae n. sp. Pale brownish yellow. iJeati more or less blackish. Eyes black. Autennse nearly as long as the body, finely pilose when held up to the light, the terminal joint thickened and blackish, joints 1 and t each twice as long as joint 2, and joint 3 about four times as lon^ as joint i. Prothora.r late- rally dilated in a thin, semitransparent plate directed ujjwards and outwards, and filled with small suborbicular cells like those of the elytra. This plate commences from nothing at the origin of the elj^tra, and thence gradually widens to one-fifth the width of the entire prothorax at the lateral middle, where it curves inwards rather suddenly and is prolonged forwards in a very gentle con- 1864.] 400 And lastly, I have in iMi4 found a 9 Dlaphrromrra in a place over- oTOwn by weeds beneath the buughs of two isolated ash-trees, which differs remarkably from some dozen 9 D. fcmordta Say which I have examined, in the caudal appendages (cerci) being nearly four times as long, and the supraanal plate larger and more elongated, and also in the anterior femora being rather incrassated than laterally dilated into a thin plate, in their dilatation being considerably less and vex curve, without varying in width, and extends over the head in the form of an elevated oblong, which proje>!ts forwards nearly in a rectangle with its apex obtuse, and is carinate longitudinally above. From the hind margin of this oblong extend backwards the three normal carina, the outer ones gently sinu- ate, but the general course of the three nearly parallel. The spaces between these carinee, and outside them as far as the thin plate of the prothorax, are blackish and rugose as far back as the insertion of the elytra ; the triangular space behind that insertion being covered with large, dilated confluent punc- tures, having much the appearance of the small suborbicular cells of the elytra. Beneath, except the lateral plates of the prothorax and the carinate edges of the central pieces of the sternum, blackish. Elytra hyaline on their terminal half, but with the cell-veins there pale yellowish brow 1 and occasionally to- wards the tip of the wing a few of them irregularly blackish; the large carinate cell at their base extending nearly halfway to the tip, and terminating in an angle of 60° — 80°, from which there extends a simple sinuate carina nearly to the tip. A little on the basal side of the middle of the elytrum and extending halfway to its base, the veins outside the large carinate cell are irregularly and variably blackened more or less, so as often to present the appearance of 1 3 transverse blackish lines: and occasionally the blackness extends across the entire elytrum. so as to appear like a blackish fascia. Legs with the tarsi, or sometime only their tips, blackish. — Length about .15 inch. Eleven speci- mens from basswood, three from wild cherry. Very abundant near Rock Isl- and on the basswood. Tingis amorphge. n. sp. Differs from the above only in the large, basal, cari- nate cell of the elytra terminating behind nearly in a rectangle instead of an angle of 60° — 80°, and in the veins of the wings, both those on the basal side of the middle and those at the tip, being on the average of specimens much more deeply stained with black, though individuals of the two species occur which are identical in this character. — Length about .15 inch. Eighteen specimens on Amorpha fruticosa. I possess in this genus T.miiticaSay, plexus&a.y,oblongaSa,y, juglandis? Fitch, and eight or nine other species, most of which are probably undescribed. Say gives the length of T. arcuata as nearly three-tenths of an inch, but this is pro- bably a typographical error for three-twentieths. (Compare Fitch I^. Y. Rep. II. ^ 193.) Conversely in Say's Works (II. p. 1.31) the length of Copris anaglyp- ticus is given as 7-20 instead of 7-10 inch. 410 [NoVEAIliER not commencing quite so abruptly near their basal portion, and in the general color being grass-green instead of cinereous-brown. After I had recognized the above as a distinct species, I received from my or- nithological friend, Dr. Velie of Rock Island, single specimens of both sexes, captured by himself in a place overgi-own by weeds, but with no trees within a long distance of it, on the North bank of the Platte River, in Nebraska The 9 agrees in every respect with mine; the S differs from the % of J'emorata, 1st, in the general color being much more green, 2nd in the anterior femora being rather less incrassated, 3rd in the middle femora not being trifasciate with brown, 4th in the supra-anal plate terminating in two acutely angular, horizontally flat- tened teeth, instead of being rounded at tip, 5th in the interior base of the caudal appendage being furnished with an acute thorn, directed back- wards and nearly as long as the appendage is wide, instead of a large, vertically flattened, rounded lamina directed backwards. In all other respects both sexes agree with /cmorata, but the marked difference in the caudal appendages % 9 would alone be sufficient to separate them as distinct. I propose for this species the name of Dlapheromcra Vclii. Although there is no positive proof that it is a Phytophagic Species, yet as femorata ordinarily occurs upon forest trees, (oak, basswood, &c.,) and never, so far as I have observed — and I have probably had a thousand specimens pass through my hands — in localities where there are no trees, I incline to believe that it is. It is not necessary, however, that in every case Phytophagic Species should take their origin from Phytophagic Varieties, using the term "variety" in the sense ordinarily given to it by entomological Sys- tematists. It sometimes happens that what is to all external ap- pearance one homogeneous species is composed of two or more dis- tinct races, feeding each upon a distinct plant, but not distinguisha- ble, either in the imago or so far as known in the larva state, by any external characters whatever, whether colorational or structural. We meet apparently with a case of this kind in C^nipa q. spang ifica 0. S. and C. q. i)ianis 0. S., the former of which forms a gall on the Black Oak and the latter a very different gall on the Red Oak. the imagos % 9 , with the exception of the dimorphous 9 form of the latter which is unknown, being to all appearance identical. I inclined to the opinion at one time that these two forms were identical, the difference in the 18G4.] 411 species of oak causing the difference in the nature of the galls, and the poisonous matter producing the gall being the same in both forms. But there are so many Cj/iu'ps that produce exactly the same kind of gall on different species of oak, that it would seem that these two forms must be true Phytophagic Species, each generating a peculiar kind of gall-producing poison, and each with such internal diff'erences as to cau.«e them to generate secretions with such very different properties. That there may be no possible mistake, it may be as well to say here, that the difference between what I call a Phytophagic Variety and what I call a Phytophagic Species is simply this : — The former habit- ually intercross with the normal race, the latter do not. Of course there must often be cases, where the fact of their habitually intercross- ing or not so intercrossing is doubtful or cannot be satisfactorily in- ferred or ascertained, and allowing that the former category sometimes gradually in a long period of time merges into the latter, there must be occasionally intermediate categories. Still this is no reason why we .should doubt or deny the existence of the categories themselves. Boy- hood is one thing, and manhood is another thing; but there are inter- mediate periods when it is difficult to say whether the individual in question is boy or man. Yet it would be strange logic to argue that, on that account, boyhood was the same thing as manhood. It must be obvious to every one, that it is impossible to trace the gradual formation of what T have called a Phytophagic Species in time, because by the supposition it requires very long periods of time for its development, and Natural History as a science is only a hundred years old. But if we are able to discover the several steps in the above- described process, not indeed in one and the same species, but in dif- ferent species, and can thus trace an uninterrupted series from the first origin of the Phytophagic Variety to the full development of the Phytophagic Species, to all minds unbiassed by preconceived theories the proof will be complete. In any case, assuming the truth of the above Theory, this is the only possible way, in which for ages to come that truth can be demonstrated. For any one therefore to refuse to admit the validity of such proof, is equivalent to saying, that, even if the Theory is true, he will not believe it on the best possible evidence. Investigations of this character require laborious and tedious experi- ments in the closet, and habits of patient observation and industry in 412 [NOVEMBKR the field. The systeniatist who in his closet receives specimens from the four quarters of the globe, and busies himself in arranging and classifying them, can discover nothing here, or if he does he must be dependent entirely upon the accuracy of out-door observers. My pre- sent object, however, is not so much to adduce new proofs upon this subject, as, in the light of ray subsequent experience, to correct, modify and enlarge upon those proofs which I have already adduced in a Paper published in the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural His- tory, Feb. 1864. In the following paragraphs I shall refer to that paper by the page. Halesidota (lophocampa) Antipuola Walsh, (pp. 288 — 290.) I have shown here that the imago of//, tessellaria Sm. Abb., the larva of which feeds only on the sycamore, is absolutely undistinguishable from that of //. Antiphola, the larva of which feeds on the oak, the basswood and several other trees. But from trusting to a description drawn up some years ago, which I found in my Journal, one of the characters which distinguish the two larvae is incorrectly stated. The black pencils on the thorax of the larva of Antiphola are in reality placed upon the same segments as the orange-colored pencils of tessd- laris, viz. on the 2nd and 3rd, and not on the 1st and 2nd segments, as I have erroneously asserted; but they are invariably black, and those of tesse/laris invariably orange-colored. The general color of the hair of Antipliola varies, as I have stated, " from dirty whitish to fuscous cinereous, and from ochre-yellowish to pale yellowish brown," all these varieties occurring on the same tree, the oak, and the same individual often changing its color in confinement. But I have this year met with a single specimen that was almost pure white, and two others that were straw-colored or pale gamboge-yellow ; and the one that was nearly white changed its color in confinement in a single day to pale gamboge-yellow- ish. On the other hand the general color of the hair of all tessellaris that I have seen, some hundreds in number, was milk-white, though Dr. Harris describes them as '• light-yellow or straw-colored." (/y". Ins. p. 3(33.) Mr. Edwards also, to whose experience I had appealed on this point, says that " he knows the larva of H. tessellaris very well, and that to the best of his recollection they are white, though he would not like to assert positively that they had not a j^ellowish tinge." And Mr. J. A. Lintner writes me word that "he has frequently noticed 1864.] 418 white tussock-larvje on the trunks of the buttonwood [sycamore], which he presumes must be those of H. fesxellaris, though he has not identi- fied them with that species." In mature or nearly mature Antiphola the head is black ; in half-grown or quarter-grown individuals, espe- cially the latter, generally but not always pale rufous. In f/^ssellaris of all ages the head is as described by Harris '"brownish yellow" or pale rufous. (Ibid.^ I strongly incline to believe that Antiphola is the species known to Dr. Harris only in the larva state, and stated by him to occur '• on the black walnut, the butternut, the ash and even on the oak," (^ihiiL p. 362,) although that species is not described by him as having any pen- cils on the 3rd segment, as Antiphola has. In all other respects the description agrees exactly. The pencils in the larvfe of this genus are so fragile, that the least touch knocks them oft", and the specimen or spe- cimens examined by Dr. Harris might have been so mutilated. There seems some peculiar proclivity to error in the matter of these pencils ; for besides my own blunder referred to above, in the recent illustrated edition of Dr. Harris's Injuriotis Injects the larva of IT. ca7-i/ae is figured with black pencils both on the 10th and 11th segments, whereas accord- ing to Dr. Harris's own description it has none on the 11th segment. (Compare I)ij. Ins. Plate vi. fig. 1 and p. 361.) Whether the draughts- man or the engraver is here in error, or whether Dr. Harris himself is in error, I cannot say, as the species, though it occurs near Rock Island very rarely in the imago, is totally unknown to me in the larva state ; but there is evidently error somewhere. I subjoin an amended and enlarged description of the larva of Antiphola. H. Antiphola Walsh, (larva.) Head black, polished, the mouth varied with white. Bodi/ opanue black above, pale on the venter, covered above with dense hairs proceeding from little warts in evenly-shorn brushes or tufts, which are dorsally a little darker, and vary in color in different specimens from dirty whitish or occasionally almost pure white to fuscous cinereous, and from pale gamboge-yellowish to ochre-yellowish and pale yellowish brown, the brushes on the back converging so as to form a dense dorsal ridge. On the 2nd seg- ment behind the head one lateral black pencil and two milk-white ones under it, all transversely arranged, the black pencils generally in repose directed ho- rizontally forwards. On the .3rd segment one lateral black pencil and one milk- white one under it, directed obliquely forwards. On the 11th segment one late- ral black pencil directed obliquely backwards, and on the 12th segment one less obvious pencil, which is either whitish or the color of the tufts of the body, "^1-i [November placed immediately behind the black pencil on the 11th segment, and often •with a few long black hairs above it. Besides the pencils, there are also some long, irregular, whitish hairs projecting forwards over the head and backwards over the anus. Legs and prolegs very pale ferruginous, slightly obfuscated at tip. — When much less than half-grown, the head is generally not black but rufous, the black pencil on the 2ud segment is often only slightly tino-ed with black, and the pencils on the 11th and 12th segments are occasionally subobso- lete or all whitish and untinged with black Food-plants, oak, basswood, elm. &c ; very common near Rock Island, Illinois. I am not perfectly sure that the hirva of tessellaris has white pen- cils under its orange-colored ones, as Antqihola has under its black ones ; but unless my recollection of last year's specimens deceives me, it has. Harris however makes no mention of any such white pencils, and the only specimens I was able to procure in 1SG4 had their pen- cils so mutilated, that it was difficult to decide the question from them with absolute certainty. In Illinoian specimens of ti-.-ixfJlark it will be recollected, that the color of the tufts that cover the body above is white, and not dark as in almost all Antiphda ; and consequently in mutilated specimens it is difficult to distinguish the white pencils from the white tufts. It may be incidentally remarked here, that in Illinois tessellarin appears and disappears several weeks before Antipliola. It will thus be seen that, so far as known at present, the only^:»er- fectli/ constant character that distinguishes the larva of tcssellnris from that of Antiphola^ is the color of its pencils being orange instead of black, and its food-plant being sycamore instead of oak, basswood, &c. Out of hundreds of Antiphola that have passed through my hands, there was indeed a single specimen, apparently freshly-moulted, as the pencils were incurved at the tip instead of being straight, that had those pencils white which ought to have been black ; but on placin'^- it in a breeding-cage, I found that the next day they had changed to their normal color, although those on the 2nd and 11th segments were much paler than usual. This was the same specimen before referred to as having changed its general color in confinement from white to gamboge yellowish. If the pencils themselves in these two forms had been located on different segments, as in the first instance I had wrongly supposed, there could have been no doubt of the specific distinctness of the two, the difi"erences being structural ; but as the two forms only differ in the 1864.] 415 color of their pencils and not in their location, and the imagos are iden- tical, it may well admit of a question whether they are not mere Phy- tophagic Varieties. It became desirable therefore to test this point in the manner recounted below, the principles of which it will be neces- sary first to explain. When a species feeds indiscriminately upon several plants, individu- als, that have fed for a certain period upon one of those plants, may be shifted upon another of the plants that they commonly feed on without injury to their health. I have done this in so many different cases with Lepidopterous larvae, that I believe that, in their case at all events, it is a general law. For example, it is a common practice in England, and I have repeatedly done so when a boy, to feed the common silk- worm when it first hatches out on lettuce leaves, and afterwards to change its food to mulberry leaves. Yet the insect thrives just as well, and spins up just as certainly under this treatment, as if it had been fed on mulberry leaves throughout. Lepidopterous larvse will even sometimes voluntarily shift, from a plant of one family to another of a very widely distinct family. Several years ago I had, in the same cage, about a score half-grown larvae of Spllosoma virginica Fab. feeding on apple leaves, and by the side of them several larvae of Pyrameis hun- tera Sm. Abb. feeding on sunflower leaves. To my great surprise the former all suddenly quitted the apple-leaves for the sunflower-leaves, and I finished them on that plant and they, most of them, developed next year into the imago. In confirmation of these views, Mr. Edwards, to whom I had refer- red for his opinion on this subject, writes to me as follows : — " I have often found that where I had one larva, say of excsecata, from the elm and another of the same from the cherry, and put food for both in the same vase, the two would be probably both of them on the cherry soon after. I have often changed the food-plant, when the one on which I found a larva was inconvenient to procure, for one nearer the house that I knew it liked. I have collected larvae of Limacodes from oak, hickory, wild cherry and cherry, and have put the lot on a hickory or oak near my house. They did just as well." On general principles, therefore, if Antlphola and fessellaris were mere Phytophagic Varieties, and not Phytophagic Species, it must be obvious that it would be possible to feed tessellarls on oak-leaves and Antlphola 410 [November on sycamore-leaves without injury to their health ; and in that case we might expect that the pencils of the one would more or less partially assume the color peculiar to the pencils of the other. Owing to the very gre;it seal city of almost all species of insects in 1864, 1 was unable to procure a sufficient number of individuals to try such experiments on a large scale ; but such as they are, the results of my experiments, as extracted from my Journal, are given below. Since it is possible that on the supposition of teasel/aris being identical with Antiphola, or, in other words, that they are mere Phytophagic Varieties of one species, there might be some peculiarity in the constitution of that species, causing it to deviate from the general law, and suflFer in its health or even die from change of food, I also tried the experiment of feeding upon oak- leaves Aiitiphola that had been found upon basswood, and feeding upon basswood-leaves Antlphohi which had been found upon oak. The results given below show that it is possible to so shift them, though not perhaps with perfect impunity, and that a basswood-feeding Aatl- phold lived for at least 12 days upon oak-leaves, and an oak-feeding Antiphola grew and flourished for 22 days upon basswood leaves, and two days afterwards spun up. In all these cases, except where other- wise specified, the larva? were well attended to and the leaves not suf- fered to wilt. Breeding cage No. 1. Food-plant oak. This was a large cage containing nearlv two cubic feet of space, with 3 or 4 inches of earth at the bottom and the top and sides of wire-gauze, so that there was no possibility of any but very minute larva escaping. It contained already, on Sept. 6, several score of larva; of many dififerent species, but of course no Halesidota. and I added others subsequently. Sept (7. Placed in it 4 H. Antiphola taken off basswood. all lively, one i- grown, two i-grown and one |-grown. Sept. 9. Shifted on to fresh leaves. Found two lively Antiphola; the other two had disappeared. Sept 12. Shifted. Found two lively Antiphola. Sept. 14. Shifted. Found one lively Antiphola; the other one had disap- peared. Sept. 18. Shifted. Found one lively Antiphola, but it had not grown percep- tibly since Sejit 14. Sept. 22. Shifted. The one remaining Antiphola had disappeared. As I had several larvfe that had spun up among some dry leaves at the bot- tom of this cage, I did not search among the dry leaves for dead Antiphola. The missing ones might therefore have died of the change of food, or they 1864.] 417 might have been ichneumonized, or the larger ones might have spun up, or they might have been killed by some of the other larvae in the cage, which, accord- ing to Rev. Mr. Green in his book on " Pupa-digging" is not an unusual circum- stance with certain lepidopterous larvse, or I might possibly have thrown them out by an oversight in changing the leaves; but they could not have escaped through tlie wire-gauze. Breeding-cage No, 5, Food-plant bass. This, like all the following ones, contained over a cubic foot of space, with the sides and top of musketo-bar, so that occasionally larvaj would make their escape from it by boring through the musketo-bar. There was no earth at the bottom, and only 3 or 4 other larvpe in it, besides the Antiphola. Sept. 5. Placed in it three J-grown Antiphola taken off the oak, all lively. Sept. 6. Added three more Antiphola taken off the oak, two i-grown and one j-grown, all in good order. Sept. 9. Shifted. Found 3 Antiphola ; the other 3 had disappeared, and their bodies were nowhere to be seen in the cage. The leaves had partially dried up. Sept. 10. Found only one Antiphola ; the other two had disappeared. Sept. 11 — 27. The same Antiphola throve and grew finely. Sept. 28 it quit feeding and shed its pencils and by Sept. 30 it had spun up. I believe the 5 missing Antiphola in this cage escaped through the musketo- bar, as I found a stray one at large in the room where I keep my breeding- cages on Sept. 3, and two stray ones on Sept. 10. Tliey certainly did not die in the cage, for every time that I shifted the leaves in all the cages but No. 1, I searched carefully for any dead larva;. Breeding-cage No. 4, Food-plant sj/camore- Tiiere was no earth at the bot- tom of this cage, but there were a dozen or two very restless notodoutide larvse in it, that were continually boring through the musketo-bar and escaping. Sept. 1. Placed in it two lively J-grown Antiphola, one taken off the oak and another off the elm or possibly the oak. Sept. 2. Added 3 lively Antiphola taken off the oak, one i-grown and two J-grown. Sept. 3. Returned a stray Antiphola, which must have escaped from this cage, as at this date I had no Antiphola in any other cage. Sept. 4. Shifted. Found two living i-grown Antiphola, one of which had just moulted, and found also one dead. Two must have escaped, for their bodies were not to be found. Added from Cage No. 1 the abnormal oak-feeding Anti- phola referred to above, (p. 414) which had now acquired black pencils. Sept. 5. Added three lively j-grown Antiphola taken on the oak. Sept. 9. Shifted. Found three lively Antiphola, and also one half-dead and one DEAD. One must have escaped. Sept. 10. Shifted. Found three living .i4?iryo- campade genus C('ratoatmpa, in the abdominal thorns being normally placed, not ou every segment, but on alternate segments, and the sup- posed larva of the latter had the normal Dryocampa form. I have this year met with two larvae — one of which died and has been preserved in alcohol, and the other either went underground or escaped* — which I believe to be identical with that from which I bred, or supposed that I bred, D. hirolor. I am well acquainted with the larvfe of D. sena- toria Sm. Abb. and D. stigma Fabr. and they are certainly quite dis- tinct from my two larvae ; neither do my two larvae agree with the pretty full description of the larva of D. jiellucida Sm. Abb. given by Dr. Fitch, (iV. Y. Rep. IT. §o24.) the upper dark stripe which is san- guineous in ray larva being " dull brownish" in his, and the lower dark stripe, which is also sanguineous in ray larva, being " dark olive green or blackish" in his, and there being a "broad dull yellowish stripe" iramediately below the spiracles and above the lower dark stripe in his, which has no existence in mine, and a " narrow blackish line on the middle of the back" in his which is not found in mine. There is also a diiference in the number of the spines, Dr. Fitch assigning only six spines to each segment, instead of .six to some and right to others; but this is probably nothing but an oversight, as he assigns the same num- ber to senaforia, which, unless my memory deceives me, is thorned like my larva on joints 2 — 11. The only other known N. A. species of Drt/- ocampa are imperialis Drury, the larva of which is quite different from mine, and i-uhicunda Fabr., the larva of which is undescribed and the imago of which, so far as I am aware, does not occur near Rock Island. I subjoin a full description of my two larvae, and also a description of the larva of r)ibicunda, with which I have been favored by Mr. J. A. Lintner. It will be seen from comparing these two descriptions, that my larva differs from that of ruhivunrhi in the horns of the 2nd seg- ment being proportionally much longer, (for if they were proportion- ally as short as in ruhiciinda they would be not quite .09 inch long in- stead of .20 inch.) in the different arrangement and different structure * It turned out unfortunately, on emptying the earth from the tjreeding-cage, that it must have escaped. — Nov. 14, 186i. 424 [November of the spines, and in having four sanguineous stripes instead o^ seven dark green ones. It cannot therefore be ruhicunda, and hence it would seem to follow that it must be either bicolor or some species hitherto undescribed both in the larva and imago states. It is observable that Dr. Harris describes the larva of peUucida, of which he professes to have seen only a single specimen, as " pea-green, shaded on the back and sides with red, longitudinally striped with very pale yellowish green, and armed with black thorns," and adds that " it resembles senatoria in everything but color," whence it may be inferred that it has about seven dark stripes, instead of four dark stripes, as peUucida is described by Dr. Fitch. I strongly suspect that Dr. Harris described the larva of ruhicunda as the larva of peUucida, taking the darker green as the ground color and the paler green as the color of the stripes, instead of vice versa as in Mr. Lintner's description of ruhi- cunda. In any case Dr. Harris's description of the larva of peUucida differs altogether too widely from Dr. Fitch's description to apply to the same species ; for I observe that in the larvsd both of senatoria and stigma the range of variation is by no means wide, and consequently, according to what I have called the " Law of Equable Variability," we may presume that the range of variation will not be wide in the larva of the closely allied peUucida. (Proc. Eat. Soc. Phila. II. p. 213.)* There is another reason, of no great weight perhaps, but still of some weight, why my two larvjie cannot belong to peUucida — the only known N. A. species, except bicolor, to which they can with any probability be re- ferred. It is often, though by no means universally, the case, that when bright colors occur in the larva the same colors occur also in the imago. For example, the larva of Deiopeia heUa Drury is said by Drury to be yellow and white dotted with black, like the front wings of the imago; the larva of Papilio Asterias Fab. is marked with yellow and black like the imago ; and merely from studying the colors of the imago, I foretold that the larva of Dnryphora lO-lineata Say " would probably *I see from the Preface to the Iconographie des CoquUles Tertiaires, published in 1845 by Prof. Agassiz (p. 4), that he practically recognizes the validity of this Law in Conchology; and I learn from a Botanical article in the Nat. Hist. Review (1863, p. 192). that very many Botanists practically recognize it at the present day. Important, however, as the Law is. it does not appear to have previously received any name. 1864.] 425 be yellow with black spots and markings on its body," which has since turned out to be literally correct. ( Vallri/ Farmer, July 1862, p. 210 and Sept. 1864, p. 273.) Now my two larvae are quadrivittate with sanguineous, and the imago of pethicida is of a uniform brownish ochreous color, without any sanguineous or rosy -red markings. On the other hand the only N. A. Dryocampa that are strongly marked in the imago with sanguineous or rosy -red or dull purple are wiper ialis, ruhi- cunda and huolor. Imperialis is out of the question, and we know from Mr. Lintner's very full and precise description that my larva can- not possibly be ruhicundn, whence by the method of exhaustion I infer that it is probably hicolor. The fact that Harris describes the sup- posed larva of pellucid a as '-shaded on the back and sides with red" is another reason why we may conclude that his larva really belonged to ruhicunda and not to pellucid a. It is very true that the specimens from which Mr. Lintner drew his description were not thus shaded, but just so some larvae of D. imperialis are " slightly tinged with red on the back," and some are not. (Harris Inj. Ins. p. 404.) For the pre- sence or non-presence of a mere shade is unimportant when compared with the presence or non-presence of a stripe. In regard to the validity of my new genus Spliingicampa, which differs from Dri/ocampa. much as Attacus differs from Saturnia, in the 9 antennae being basally feathered, though less widely so than the S an- tennai, Mr. Grote inform§ me that Herrick Seh^effer has figured and described a great number of South American Drj/ocampa which are distinguished by the same peculiarity, but the larvae of which are at present unknown. Hence it would seem that Sp)hingicampa is more peculiarly a South American genus. Mr. Grote also informs me, that the imago which I described with some doubt (pp. 298-9) as that of Limacodes scapha Harris, is, to his personal knowledge, correctly re- ferable to that species. Dryocampa bicolor? Harris. Larva. Length, when apparently, judging from the size of tlie liead, it was just moulted, 1.20 inch. Head greenish yel- low, with a brown-black spot bordering the eyes, which are 4 or 5 in number on each side and arranged in a circle open behind; mouth a little varied with brown-black. Bodi/ very pale greenish-brown, thickly covered and frosted over with small, irregularly placed, whitish granules, none of which are trans- versely arranged as they are in .s^i^'wa. A pair of dorsal sanguineous stripes, and a lateral sanguineous stripe placed immediately below the line of the spi- 426 [November racles, each of these four sanguineous stripes being equal in breadth to one- tenth of the length over the back from proleg to proleg, and the three pale greenish brown stripes between them being each twice as broad as they are; the sanguineous stripes fading out on the anterior submargin of joint 12, and the remaining part of 12 being greenish yellow. Spiracles large, vertically elongate, and black edged by yellowish. On joint 1 behind the head 6 equidistant black tubercles, the outer one pointed at tip, and beneath them a lateral black thorn, all 8 transversely arranged. Joints 2 — 11 all with fi transversely-arranged, medial, smooth, acute, black thorns, .03 — .05 inch long and sometimes with a few white granules towards their base, two thorns placed between the dorsal -sanguineous stripes, one lateral one just outside each dorsal sanguineous stripe, and another lateral one in tlie lateral sanguineous stripe. On joint 2 the two dorsal thorns are replaced by long, slender, recurved, smooth, obtuse, black horns directed forwards, .20 inch long with a few white granules on their lower half; and on joint 3 the two dorsal thorns are acutely bifid at tip. On joints 2 — 5 and 10, in addition to the above 6 thorns, there is another one beneath the lateral sanguineous stripe, so that these joints have 8 thorns, all transversely arranged. Joint 12 with one central, dorsal, bifurcate thorn, similar to the two dorsal ones on joint 3, one lateral one on the edge of the superior surface of the joint, and another lateral one below the line of the lateral sanguineous stripe, all 5 black with a few basal white granules and arranged transversely on the anterior submargin, and behind them, half-way to the tip of the lateral edge of the superior surface of the joint, a single black thorn, before and behind whicli are a lew acute whitish granules, and at the tip two greenish yellow thorns tipped with black and directed backwards. Venter very pale greenish brown. Legs greenish yellow, the claws brown-black ; prolegs pale greenish brown, with a large brown-black spot (ui their lower exterior surface. — Described from two living specimens. Food-plant oak. Dryocampa rubicunda F'abr. Larva. (Described by J. A. Lintner.) Length 1.70 inch. Head reddish-brown; eyes on a crescent black spot. Body cylin drical, apple-green, closely dotted with minute, whitish, acute granulations, with a darker green narrow dorsal stripe, and broader subdorsal, lateral and stigmatal stripes, the stigmatal stripe less distinct than the others. Segment 1 with four black tubercles on the collar, the central ones transversely oval, the outer ones subtriangular, a spine in frontof the stigma and another at the base of the leg. Segments 2 — 11 witii a substigmatal row of acute, prominent, black spines pointing backwards: a lateral row of shorter ones on the inferior mar- gin of tlie lateral stripe; a subdorsal row of still shorter ones on the superior margin of the subdorsal stripe, [marked] with whitish at base superiorly; and a ventral row on and in range with the external base of the legs and prolegs, those of the prolegs (segments 6 — 9) quite small, the other seven (segments I — 5, 10 & 11) nearly as long as the substigmatal ones, except those on the terminal pair of legs, of which there are two on the base of each, which are quite minute. All of the above spines black, the three superior ones in range transversely on the anterior portion of the segment, the substigmatal ones on the middle of the segment. In addition to the above, from the 4th to the 12th segment inclusive. 1864.] 42 there is a row of whitish, black-tipped, short spines on the inferior margin of the sulidorsal stripe, placed two-thirds of the way to the tip of each segment. Segment 2 has the two subdorsal spines replaced by two black, blnnt, spinous horns, placed below the subdorsal stripe and one-eighth of an inch long. The four superior spines of segment 11 more prominent than the corresponding ones of the other segments. Segment 12 with a slightly bifurcate spine on the dor- sal line, the size of the lateral ones of the eleventh segment; another in range with the stigmata, the size of the substigmatal ones and having a small branch posteriorly; a small intermediate one ranging with the lateral line; another of the same size ranging with the substigmatal line ; and a ventral one similar to and ranging with the ventral spines of segments 10 and 11; making 9 spines on this segment, nearly ranging transversely. Caudal plate triangular, mar- gined externally with eight black spines, the six anterior ones short, the two terminal ones green at base, larger and pointing backward. Stigmata black. Legs tipped with black, the anterior pair with a transversely subelliptic black spot on their posterior base, the second pair with a dot similarly placed. — Feeds on sugar-maple. From the facts referred to above and those recorded by me elsewhere, we may construct the following almost unbroken series, from the first dawnings of the Phytophagic A^ariety to the full development of the Phytophagic Species. 1st. Diiference of food, even when the food-plant belongs to widely distinct botanical families, is accompanied by no differences whatever, either in the larva, pupa or imago state. — Atfdcus Ctcropia Lin., Drijo- vampa imperialls Drury, Lurhiius Cari/sc Harris, {Proc. Ent Soc. Phil. I. p. 303,) and hundreds of other species. 2nd. Difference of food is accompanied by a marked difference in the color of the silk-producing secretions. — Bomhyx mori Lin., the common silkworm. 3rd. Difference of food is accompanied by a tendency towards the obliteration of the normal dark markings in the imago. — Haltica alter- nata lllig. 4th. Difference of food is accompanied by marked, but not perfectly constant, colorational differences in the larva, but none whatever in the % 9 imago. — Datcuia ininistra Drury. 5th. Difference of food is accompanied by a marked and perfectly constant difference in the size of the imago. — Chrysomela scalaris Lee. 6th. Difference of food is accompanied by a marked difference in the chemical properties of the gall-producing secretions, the external cha- "*-^" [November racters of the % 9 imago remaining identical. — C^nips q. spongifica 0. S. and C. q. inanis 0. S. 7th. Difference of food is accompanied by a slight, but constant change in the coloration of the abrlomen of the % 9 imago, and by a very slight change in the chemical properties of the gall-producing secretions, the galls of the two insects, though typically somewhat dis- tinct, being connected by intermediate grades in the case of the latter. — Ci/nips q. punctata Bassett and C. q. podagrse. Walsh. 8th. Difference of food is accompanied by one marked and perfectly constant colorational difference, and others which are not perfectly con- stant, in the larva, but none whatever in the % $ imago. — HaUsidota tessellaris Sm. Abb. and H. Antiphola Walsh. 9th. Difference of food is accompanied by several slight but constant structural differences in the % imago, but none whatever in the 9 imago. — Cfj/fus rohinise Forst. and CI. p ictus Drury. 10th. Difference of food is accompanied by a slight but constant structural difference in both % and 9 imago. — 1. Tingis tiUse n. sp. and T. amorphse n. sp. 2. (Doubtful.) Diapheromera femorata Say and D. Vein. n. sp. 11. (Doubtful.) Difference of food is accompanied by very strong- structural and colorational differences in the larva and in all probability by a constant structural difference of generic value in the 9 imago, the S imagos being to all external appearances identical, and the two in- sects belonging to different genera. — Sphingkampa distigma % 9 Walsh and Dri/ocampa hicolor % Harris. 12th. Difference of food is accompanied by marked and constant dif- ferences, either colorational, or structural, or both, in the larva, pupa and imago states. — Halesidota tessellaris Sm. Abb. and //. caryse Har- ris, and hundreds of species belonging to the same genus and com- monly considered as distinct species. The constitution of the human mind is such, that the same evidence carries with it very different degrees of weight, when presented to dif- ferent intellects. Others will no doubt draw different conclusions from the facts catalogued above ; but for my own part, as on the most care- ful consideration I am unable to draw any definite line in the above series, and to say with certainty that here end the Varieties and here 1864.] 42!» begin the Species, I am therefore irresistibly led to believe, that the former gradually strengthen and become developed into the latter, and that the diiference between them is merely one of mode and degree. If a savage from some newly-discovered island in the Pacific Ocean were shown for the first time in his life a large herd of horned cattle, containing newly-born calves, half-grown calves, yearlings, heifers, steers, cows and bulls of all sizes and ages, he would naturally, I think, arrive at the conclusion that they were all modifications of one animal, though he had no opportunity, as we have, to watch from day to day the calf develop into the yearling, the yearling into the heifer, and the heifer into the cow. So with the gradual development of the Variety into the Species. We cannot, from the shortness of human life, see the mime identical species develop gradually from century to century, first into slight varieties, then into marked varieties, then into geogra- phical or phytophagic races, then into new species ; but in one and the same year we may see all the stages of development, with all the possible intermediate grades, in different species ; and to shut our eyes to the validity of this the only possible proof under the circumstances, and to maintain that Species were created and Varieties have made themselves, and that the two categories are therefore essentially dis- tinct, is as if the imaginary savage from the South Seas, ignoring or overlooking the presence of the yearlings and heifers, were to come to the couclusiou that calves and cows are distinct species of animals. Darwin never spoke a truer word than when, referring to certain natural- ists who believed in the essential difference between Species and Varie- ties, and yet published the very same ideLtical form one year as a Variety and the next year as a Species, he said that " the day will come, when this will be given as a curious illustration of the blindness of precon- ceived opinion." {Orig. Sp. p. 419. Am. edit.) Rock Island, Illinois, October 24, 1864. POSTSCRIPT. In my Paper in the Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. (p. 289), referring to the fact that Dr. Harris saiys that the Caterpillar of Ilalesidota tes- Uaris '• is not correctly represented in Smith and Abbott's Insects of Georgia," 1 suggested that •' possibly the Caterpillar of Antiphola may se 430 [November be there represented." I have recently heard from Mr. Grote as fol- lows, which fully confirms that conjecture. '■' The figure of Ilalfsidofa t/'ssrUaria in the larval state, as given by Abbott and Smith, represents the hairs, and so fiir as perceivable the body, as of a dull, ochraceous brownish color. The dorsal tufts show a superior dark brown shade and a blackish line. The lobes of the head are bluish black ; the legs with a reddish shade. The four long ante- rior pencils are blackish with a fiiint brownish tinge, and the two ter- minal pencils are similarly colored. The larva is represented on Fagus ferruginea [beech], and is stated also to be found on hornbeam and plum trees." Hence it is, I think, very evident that tesaellaris Abb. Sm. is iden- tical with my Antipho/a, and teasellaris Harris non Abb. Sm. a hith- erto unnamed (Phytophagic) species, for which I propose the name of Harrisii. The black and not rufous head, the black and not orange- colored pencils, and the ochraceous brownish and not milk-white hair of the larva of tessellan's Sm. Abb. seem to settle that point effectually. Moreover that larva is not stated to feed on sycamore (Platanus occi- dentalis), on which alone the tessdlaris of Harris is known to feed according to Harris, Edwards, Lintner and myself, but on a variety of other trees like my Antiphola. We can understand now, I think, why Dr. Harris described the larva of his tessellariii as " yellowish or straw-colored," whereas it is in reality milk-white. He evidently perceived the apparent identity of his te»- sellaris (imago) with the tes^ellark (imago) of Abbott and Smith, and very naturally supposing the larva; to be also identical, modified his description of the larva so as to make it something intermediate be- tween the two species. — Nov. 16, 1864. ERRATUM. Page 414, lines 10 and 11, for ''white pencils" read •■ white pencils on the 2nd segment. 1864.] 431 Description of the Female of ARGYNNIS DIANA. BY W. H. EDWARDS, NEWBUROH, N. Y. Argynnis Diana, % Cramer, pi. 98. Say, Am. Ent. 17. Female. — Expands nearly four inches. Upper side black : primaries have upon their outer third three rows of bluish white spots ; the marginal small, rounded ; the submarginal rectangular, wanting two spots on the costa ; the median of irregular patches, often blue ; on the costa a bluish white patch divided by the nervures. Secondaries have a marginal series of bluish white bars, between and reaching to the nervures, the three or four posterior ones broadest and bisected by a black line; a submarginal metallic blue band occupies one- third of the wing, divided by the nervures into oblong spots, each of which, except the two outer ones, has a rounded black spot near its anterior edge. Fringes of both wings white, black at the tips of the nervules. Under side of primaries black, with a scarcely perceptible greenish tint; apex and hind margin brown ; the marginal and median rows of spots are separated, as also the costal spot, which is much enlarged ; the submarginal row is wanting ; anterior to the median is a row of elongated bluish spots ; in the cell three spots, the largest rhomboidal, the others triangular: a silvery apical spot. Secondaries have the basal two-thirds dark red brown, edged without by an incomplete silvery line, which, at the extremities on the margins, expands into triangular spots ; this line is sometimes wholly wanting ; a silvery spot edged with black near the base of the costal nervure, as in the male ; within the arc a black stripe ; the outer third of the wing blackish brown ; hind margin edged with a gray band, above which are narrow silvery crescents. Body black above ; dark red brown below. From thirty specimens taken upon the Kanawha and Elk Elvers, West Virginia, between the 20th and 31st of August, 1864. In two of these specimens the band upon secondaries is green instead of blue. This remarkable butterfly appears to have been hitherto overlooked. 432 [November Oamer figured the male from a specimen brought from Virginia. Say also figured the male, and mentions that he had taken the species in Georgia, Florida, Arkansas and Missouri. The description of Boisdu- val and LeConte is taken from Cramer's figure, they never having seen the species. No mention is made of the female by either of these au- thors. It is surprising that Say especially should not have seen it. Up to this time Diana male is the rarest of all the butterflies in our collections, and, indeed, I know of no collection that has it except that of Mr. Walsh, who has a single specimen, taken some years since, in Southern Illinois. The male is conspicuous from the contrast between the blackish base of its wings and the clear yellow margin, and may be distinguished from Ot/hele^ with which it associates, at a great distance. I first saw a sin- gle male hovering about the flowers of the '' iron-weed, "( Vernonia ? ) on the 20th of August last, near the banks of the Great Kanawha River, in West Virginia. Two days afterwards, in same vicinity, I came suddenly upon a large black and blue butterfly, feeding so quietly as to allow me to stand near it some seconds and watch its motions. It seemed to be a species of Limenitis, so much did it resemble L. ursula in color and markings. But in taking it I saw it was an Argynnis female, and the pattern of the under side left no doubt of its afiinity to Diana male. Now that my attention was attracted to this species, I found it not very uncommon, always when seen, upon or near the " iron-weed," which is very abundant upon the rich bottoms of that region dur- ing the month of August, and form the feeding ground of innu- merable Papilios, Argynnides and Vanessas. The female is quite as conspicuous as the male, from its great size and brilliant metallic color. In the course of a few days I had taken several of both sexes. In an excursion up Elk River, I found them comparatively plenty, and on one sunny afternoon in particular, as I rode along, I must have seen fifty, most of which were females. That afternoon I took seventeen, and altogether, between the 20th and 3l)th of the mouth, I took four- teen males and thirty females, finding the color constant in each sex. The males were all more or less ragged and broken, while the females were often still fresh. The males should be looked for from the 1st to the 10th of August, and the females from the 10th to the 20th. for. 1864.] 433 as collectors know, the males of most, if not all, species of butterflies appear some days earlier than the females, and disppear as much sooner. That so large a butterfly should have escaped notice renders it not unlikely that other species remain to be discovered among the moun- tains of the Southern States, which have been little explored by ento- mologists. That part of West Virginia is very rich in Lepidoptera, the config- uration of the country compelling them to concentrate in the deep, warm valleys. Papilios Turnus^ Troilus, Philenor^ Asterias and 3Iar- cellus are seen in great numbers. The black variety of Turnus female ( Glaucus) appeared to me as numerous as the males, and very much more so than the yellow. I saw one P. Cresphontcs upon the '^ iron weed," but could not take it. Of the Argynnides, Ci/hele was plenty, Aphrodite rare. E. Claudin was common. So also were the Vanessas Antiopa, Atalanta, Hunteru, Interrogationis, Progne and Comma. Terias Nicippe was abundant ; T. Lisa rare. Colias Philodice and Pieris Protodice abundant. I also took Apatura Oelt.is, Debis Portlandia, N. Sus^bixis, Euri/- thris and Gemma. I saw no Alope or Nepliele. Eudamus Tityrus is in great numbers. Lycidas rare. I saw but few of the smaller Hes- perians. Of these, Otho was quite common. Leonard ua 1 saw twice only. I took two of Theda Poeas^ much to my surprise, as this is sup- posed to be a strictly southern species. In the month of June last, I saw in the Kanawha valley great num- bers of Lycasnidae, especially of Pseudargiolus. About the 20th of the month I took nearly sixty specimens, four-fifths of which were fresh females. By the 20th the males of Neglecta and Lucia began to appear, but seemed comparatively rare. The resemblance of both sexes of Pseudargiolus in size and coloring of upper surface to Argiolus of Eu- rope is very striking. Limenitis Ursula was abundant at that season, constantly to be seen upon the road, where it would collect in clusters. There is a va- riety of this species in which the blue shade is replaced by green in both sexes, and the female is as distinctly marked as the male. This is well represented in Abbot's figure. Perhaps one-third of these I took were of this green variety. In the Northern States the female of 434 [November Ursula lias much less of the metallic shade than the male, and is some- times quite black. In these weeks I saw few Sphingidfe, though I do not doubt they are abundant in many species. Both in June and August I found the larvae of *S'. Ilt/lxus in every stage of growth, on the pawpaw. I also found that of Jaglandis. D. lineata was seen flying about the flowers of the iron weed in company with the butterflies. The larvae of cin- (/ulafa, which feeds on the sweet potato, is well known there, and of Carolina and b-maculata. I did not collect in other orders, but saw enough to warrant the be- lief that the Kanawha is as rich in most of them as in Lepidoptera. Notes on the ARGYNNIDES of California. BY W. H. EDWARDS. On 21st April, 1862, Dr. Behr read before the Lyceum of Natural History of San Francisco, a paper on the Argynnides of California, which was published in the Journal of the Lyceum. In this paper was given a short diagnosis of each species then known, specified by numbers, as the author was uncertain, not having access to books of reference, which might have been before described. In a subsequent paper, read before the Lyceum in 1863, Dr. Behr gives names to three of these species, leaving No. 2 still unnamed. In one instance he seemed to me to have re-named an old species, viz : A.'ifarte, of Double- day (No. 4) instead of the species No. 5, as I was enabled to verify from comparing marked specimens sent me with Doubleday's figure. As these papers are little known to our lepidopterists, at the request of Dr. Behr, I have made an abstract of them, giving his descriptions to the new species and name to No. 2. No. 1. Argynnis CALiPPii;, Boisduval: "the only Argynnis that is found near San Francisco, and it seems pretty generally distributed throuohout the State." 1864.] 435 No. 2. Argynnis Coronis, Behr in lit. " Very similar to Calippe^ but diiFers by the upper side being colored in the usual way of the genus, and not showing the pale lunuloe and spots of the disk like Calippe, which resembles, in this respect, more an Euptoieta than a true Argynnis. The lunulte (below) are not tri- angular, nor are the silver spots of the intermediate fascia egg-shaped, as in Callppe ; all the spots, with the costa and abdominal margin, sil- vered. This species is not very common." No. 3. Argynnis Leto, Behr. " Wings of the male fulvous, fuscous at base ; marked as in allied species ; beneath, secondaries from the base to the middle of the wing, of a cinnamon color ; the marginal lunules silvered ; the intermediate fascia consisting of seven spots, and five towards the base, all silvered. This species is peculiar to the Western slope. The upper side of the male is like that of Cyhele female, but the female has the wings black, with a band of white spots in the middle and of orange spots near the margin, as in Idalia male." No. 4. Argynnis Astarte, Doubleday. Eghiis, Boisduval in lit. This species Dr. Behr subsequently called Montivaga^ a name which he transfers to the followina; : ^o No. 5. Argynnis Montivaga, Behr. "Resembles Astarte: the marginal spots silvered, the others dull white, more or less yellowish ; marginal spots lunular ; of the interme- diate fascia oval; all edged with black on the radical side. This spe- cies is always found in mountainous regions, as is No. 4. It is more common than that species, and easily recognized by the black border- ing of the spots of the intermediate fascia," (which is either wanting or very slight in Astarte) "their oval, not quadrangular shape, and the rounded form of the marginal spots." No. 6. Argynnis rupestris, Behr. " Coloration of the upper side orange brown ; markings as usual ; underside similar to Ca/ippe, but much darker, and the maculse, where they have no silver, dark yellow ; the saturated solution of the radical half of secondaries extended beyond the middle ftvscia." 436 [November No 7. Argynnis Adiaste, Boisduval in lit, ■' Upper side characterized by the absence of most of the usual mark- ings in secondaries, so that they appear ahnost covered by the fiery brown that forms the gi-ound ; markings of the under side very indis- tinct; color of secondaries pale ferruginous, the ordinaiy spots scarcely paler than the rest; even the black bordering on the radical side of the spots common to all the species of this group, is here scarcely percep- tible." No. 8. A-RGYNNIS MONTICOLA, Behr. A. Zerene^ Boisduval. •' Under side of tlie hind wings of a deep brown, approaching violet in the more diluted spots ; the maculae pale brown and well bordered with black, especially on the radical side." No. 9. Argynnis Zerene, Boisduval. '' Under side of secondaries of a cinnamon color, from the middle fas- cia to the margin pale ferruginous ; the maculse pale yellowish ; the marginal spots triangular." " The diagnosis that Dr. Boisduval gives of Zerene certainly com- prises two species," one of which is No. 8, Monticola, Behr. "All these species, related as they are amongst themselves and ti> exotic species, are undeniably distinct. They inhabit different locali- ties; they vary as little as the European Aglaja, and in a long series of specimens I find them constant to their respective diagnosis and without anything that should look intermediate or like transition." " The only representative of the Arctic form of Argynnis as now known in California is ^4. Epithorc Boisduval," described in Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. March, 1864. 1864.] 437 STATED MEETING, December 12. President Bland in the Chair. The Annual Report of the Recording Secretary was read, as fol- lows : — REPORT OF THE RECORDING SECRETARY FOR THE YEAR 1864. Again we have assembled together to review the labors of the Society during th6 past year, and in presenting this, the Fourth An- nual Report, the Recording Secretary takes pleasure in stating that naught but success has attended the efforts put forth to advance the science of Entomology. Although the labors are participated in but by a small portion of the members, yet much has been accomplished, and much valuable information has been given to the scientific world. The Society has succeeded in carving out for itself a name amongst the Scientific Institutions of the world, that will not soon be blotted out. The Reports of the Committees in charge of the several departments, which will be submitted this evening for your inspection, will go far to substantiate the truth of what has been stated. The Cabinet has received large and valuable additions thereto, particularly the orders, Coleopttiva, Hymenoptera and Ilemiptera.* Among the contributions, I would particularize the valuable collections of Cuban Coleoptera, Hipnenoptera and Ilemiptera^ formerly belong- ing to Prof. Felipe Poey of Havana, Cuba, which said collections were purchased by our much esteemed fellow member Dr Thos. B. Wilson, '••■The following extracts made from the Reports of the Committees in charge of the various departments, will exhibit the condition of the Cabinet at the present time : — Cohoptera now in the Collecti Lepidoptera " " Hymcyioptera " " Diptera " " Neuroptera " " Orthoptera " " sicmiptcva, ] I, ,f Q^r n i, (jQ., • (, Aptera | Making a total of 12,025 species, being an increase of 3,000 species during the past year. 5,737 species. Increase 1,829 species. 4,134 " 280 877 " 463 431 " 96 144 " 23 67 " 16 438 [December who has all along aided us in a manner that should call forth our warmest feelings of admiration and thankfulness. The Library has not been neglected during the year just closed. Many rare and valuable works have been added thereto,* for which we are principally indebted to Dr. T. B. Wilson, Prof. J. 0. Westwood of England, Prof. S. S. Hakleman of Columbia, Pa., and J. Carson Brevoort of Brooklyn, N. Y. It may be considered a pretty complete J.,ibrary of reference on the subject of Entomology, and hopes are en- tertained that more of the members will embrace the opportunity thus afforded. The Society's printed " Proceedings" speaks for itself. The pages more fully show the amount of labor performed. As a periodical pub- lication it will compare fovorably with the productions of kindred asso- ciations ; and to those conducting this portion of the Society's labors, there cannot be bestowed too much praise and encouragement. During the past year there have been presented for publication 42 Papers, as follows : — 9. By Aug. R. Grote^ to wit : " Descriptions of North American Lepidoptera." 4 Papers. ''Description of a new species of North American Grortyna." " Description of a new species of North American Papilio." •' Descriptions of a new genus and species of North American Noc- tuina." " List of a collection of Lepidoptera Heterocera, taken near Wil- liamstown, Mass." " Notes on certain species of North American Lepidoptera." 7. By E. T. Cresson, to wit: •' On the North American species of several genera of Apidae." •' On the North American species of the genus Osmia." " Descriptions of North American Hymenoptera, in the collection of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia." ■• Descriptions of several new species of Apidae-." '• Descriptions of two new genera of North American Ichneumonidse." • On the Hymenoptera of Cuba." •' Descriptions of two new species of Masaris." * There is now in the Library 1,08.3 volumes and pamphlets, being an in- crease of 193 during the past year. 18G4.] 439 5. By BenJ. D. Walsh, M. ^., to wit : " On Dimorphism in the Hymenopterous genus Cynips. with an Appendix, describing a few new Cynipideous species that inhabit the Oak galls of Illinois}' " On the Pupfe of the Ephemerinious genvis Baetisca." " On certain Entomological speculations of the New England School of Naturalists." " On Phytophagic varieties and Phytophagic species." ■' On the Insects Dipterous, Coleopterous and Lepidopterous, inhabit- ing the galls of certain species of Willow." 4. By Wm. H. Edwards, to wit : '' Descriptions of certain species of Diurnal Lepidoptera. found within the limits of the United States and British America." " Descriptions of certain new species of Catocala, found within the United States." •' Description of the female of Argynnis Diana." ''Notes on the xArgynnides of California." 3. By Trjjon Reakirf, to wit : '• Contributions towards a monograph of the genus Crocota." "' Descriptions of three new species of Limacodes." " Notes upon Pjxotic Lepidoptera, chiefly from the Philippine Isl- ands, with descriptions of some new species." 2. By Jas. H. B. Bland, to wit : " Descriptions of several new species of North American Coleop- tera.'' 2 Papers. 2. By Brackcnridge Clemens, M. D., to wit : " North American Micro-Lepidoptera." 2 Papers. 2. By J. A. Lintner, to wit: " Notes on some of the Diurnal Lepidoptera of the State of New York, with descriptions of their larva? and chrysalides." " Notes on some Sphingidi^, with descriptions of their larva? and pupfe." 2. By J^. S. Packard, Jr., to wit: •' Synopsis of the Bombycidae of the United States." 2 Papers. 1. By e/. W. Weidcmeyer, to wit: " Catalogue of the North American Butterflies." (Conclusion.") 440 [December 1. By P. R. Uhkr, to wit: " Orthopterological contributions." 1. By Edicard Norton, to wit : " Notes on the Tenthredinidas, with descriptions of new species, in the collection of the Entomolos^ical Society of Philadelphia." 1. By Baron R. Osten Sacken, to wit: " Description of several new North American Ctenophor<4." 1. By John Kirkpatrick, to wit : " List of Diurnal Lepidoptera, found in the vicinity of Cleveland, Ohio." 1. By H. F. Basseft, to wit : " Descriptions of several new species of Cynips, and a new species of Diastrophus." During the past year ending November 30th, 1864, there have been elected 3 Resident and 10 Corresponding Members. The Society now numbers 71 Resident and 84 Corresponding Members. The department of Insect Architecture is as yet in its infancy. The additions made thereto have not been as large as was expected; but there is no doubt that when once the utility of said department has been impressed upon the minds of the members, they will be stimulated to render increased aid thereto, and make it as efficient as the other departments. Before closing my Report, I would again refer to the valuable aid rendered by Dr. Wilson, through whose liberality several large cases have been added to the Cabinet, thereby meeting the wants of the various Committees, enabling them to arrange the specimens on the most approved plans. All of which is respectfully submitted. J. Frank Knight, Recording Secretary. The Annual Reports of the Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer, and Standing Committees on Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Dip- tera, Neuroptera and Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Aptera, Library, Publication, Collecting Fund, and Insect Architecture, were read. 1864.] 441 The following communication was read from Mr. Tryon Reakirt : — " In the Proceedings of the Society, for September, I described three new species, temporarily placed in the genus Limacodes : two of these, L. viriJiis and L. Lorquini, belong to the genus Parasa, Moore, Nesera, Herrich-Schiiffer, being preoccupied by a genus of Diptera) : also, upon further examination, I find that the % and 9 of P. Lorqnini, are in reality two distinct species, both 9 . To the supposed male of that species, I will now give the name of P. zulona : we then have Parasa Lorquini, Reakirt. Parasa zulona, nov. sp. L. Lorqnini % . Reakirt, Proc. Ent. Soc. III. p. 250. (Sept. 1864). Parasa viride, Reakirt, (olim viridus). in place of the two former species. Species No. 3, of my former paper, L. minuta may very properly be separated from that genus, and erected into a new one, Kronsea. hav- ing the following generic characters. KRON^EA, nov. gen. Body, slender ; proboscis not visible ; palpi, porrect, slender, ex- tending a little beyond the head; first joint, short j third, elongate, acute ; antennae, simple in both sexes, double the length of the thorax; abdomen, extending slightly beyond the hind wings; legs, very slen- der, naked ; hind tibite, furnished with three rather long spurs. Fore wings, sub-triangular;