SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM '] VOLUME 97 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1950 ADVERTISEMENT The scientific publications of the National Museum include two series, known, respectively, as Proceedings and Bulletin. The Proceedings, begun in 1878, are intended primarily as a medium for the publication of original papers, based on the collections of the National Museum, that set forth newly acquired facts in biology, anthropology, and geology, with descriptions of new forms and revisions of limited groups. Copies of each paper, in pamphlet form, are distributed as published to libraries and scientific organizations and to specialists and others interested in the different subjects. The dates at which these separate papers are published are recorded in the tables of contents of each of the volumes. The present volume is the ninety-seventh of this series. The Bulletin, the first of which was issued in 1875, consists of a series of separate publications comprising monographs of large zoo- logical groups and other general systematic treatises (occasionally in several volumes), faunal works, reports of expeditions, catalogs of type specimens, special collections, and other material of similar nature. The majority of the volumes are octavo in size, but a quarto size has been adopted in a few instances in which large plates were regarded as indispensable. In the Bulletin series appear volumes under the heading Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, in octavo form, published by the National Museum since 1902, which contain papers relating to the botanical collections of the Museum. ALEXANDER WETMORE, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution, <{RSONIAN INST Foe wr anon’ * MAR 2 7 1950 J “Arona museu CONTENTS BiackweEvper, Ricuarp E. The staphylinid beetles of the Faxes Cayman Islands. October.31,. 1947422 117-123 Buck, Joun B. Studies on the firefly, IV: Ten new lampy- rids'from Jamaica. August 14, 19471.....---_...-----. 59-79 New genus: Presbyolampis. New species: Photinus lewisi, P. pardalis, P. nothoides, P. harveyi, P. elisabethae, Diphotus dahlgreni, D. darlingtoni, D. masti, Microdiphot barberi, Presbyolampis immigrans. Fisoer, Water Kenrick. New genera and species of echiuroid and sipunculoid worms. December 19, 1947+__ 351-872 New genera: Xenosiphon, Siphonomecus. New species: Thalassema philostracum, T. hartmani, Sipun- culus polymyotus, S. galapagensis, Siphonomecus multicinctus, S. ingens. Fisuer, W. S. New cerambycid beetles belonging to the tribe mninotraeinl. une G tLe no-no eH ee ee 47-57 New species: Cantharozylymna linsleyi, Oxylymma tuberculicol- lis, Odontocera ewilis, Ischasia evigua, I. nevermanni, Hpimelitia acutipennis, Tomopterus flavofasciatus. New varieties: Ommaia (Hclipta) brevipennis var. fulvipes, O. (#.) b. var. sanguinicollis, O. (#H.) poecila var. nigricornis, O. (#.) poecila var. maculicollis, Odontocera aurocincta var. nigroapicalis, Epimelitta nigerrima var. flavipubescens. FRIEDMANN, Hersert. Birds collected by the National Geo- graphic Society’s expeditions to northern Brazil and southern Venezuela. April 9, 19483__---------------_- 373-570 HeperetH, Jorn W. ‘The Pycnogonida of the western North Atlantic and the Caribbean. March 8, 19487____- 157-342 New genus: Caiypsopycnon. New species: Nymphon giltayi, N. floridanum, Anoplodactylus stylirostris, A. pectinus, Achelia brevichelifera, Ammothella marcusi, Ascorhynchus serratum, Calypsopycnon georgiae, Pycnogonum reticulatum. 1 Date of publication. It IV PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Hersukovitz, Pamir. Mammals of northern Colombia. Preliminary Report No. 1: Squirrels (Sciuridae). ar ees & ey ea ee se ee ---“-o]9q o[qeng $818Uan}] DS LL (€ ‘OI-€ 6 )6'6 FL(G F2-9'Z)S ES | LT(O'BI-8°LT)G ST | LT(G"6I-0°91)0 ST | 9T(0'0Z-8°9T) TSE |----7- 777 ge a Sg a Ua to eae oe opeles 1e PI(E ‘OI-Z 6 )8'6 GnlO 66-8200) O6Soes “PE (Q4ST-8 LT )OL8T [Se CL SI-S OL) T SEs [eT OI-ODL-Sh If Sst ace ea nls LS Ts 40 © +, ete -ORWTOOUIEL) $ap]001160 OL(I ‘OI-¥'6 86 6 (0 2-6 '22)E "8 | 8 (F'GI-L°21)9'8T | 8 (6'8I-8'9T)E"RT | 6 (E°6I-Z"L1)P'8E |---7- 7-7 -> oe @ Sa eo oS Se roe = eae ong ofc epuog sappuoqg ZI(T ‘O1-% ‘6 )L6 L (0 $2-8°82)L°E% | OTC 6I-Z'21)S ‘ST | OL(L6I-8°9T)B°ZE | ZT(46I-9"9T)9 "ZT |------ Te a ae eae ee 2 iS oe a ee a &, FY. ~~ orefeny ss1suajpuDsb 91(9°6 -9'°8 )0°6 6 (8°22-F'1Z)T 2S | ST(B‘SI-S"AT)O'ST | SL(B'OI-6'PI)E ST | STCL°ZI-T°ST)O°9E [7-7-7700 a i Sa = a et oa a, OUR :puaboast1b 8 (6 -F'8 06 G (8°82-9'1Z)8°2S_ | L (2°6I-6'91)6 ZT | 8 (9°9T-G'FI)8ST | 2 (O'LT-0'ST)6‘ST |----- e Ce ee So Oe Se = o_o a i ae ae epLignl £ (6 -0°6 )2'6 Z (0°F0-1°EZ)9 ES |S (8I-9'SI)LST | & (H'OT-H'ST)B ST | & (T°9T-9°9T)6'ST |--~---- ot: ee ee Oe i lta a ee Sr ee “gure TL, Js1suapLsow I (6°8) T (6°82) T (9°81) Oo. ee | ie = oe ik i ee ee ee a SS re “mone neens ss" 9] OTB OTB IE) Z (66 -L'6 )8°6 Gel" 8E-PobO ee Ges [eA CARST-T-ST) "80% | OC SIsP SDS Ske |es (602i LD WE [FR SS oe we Se Totes seeeee esos" JOpuByUeS OFONT G (I ‘0I-9°6 )6'6 SAO EG-Cuee) orca. eh (2 5SI-8°21) TS | Ce SEs oLorzt, ley KeSi-6 OMOCLT “|eGee ee. Ser ee tee ee . ei ee BYNZ OY sapuynz G (F'6 -8°8 )Z°6 PLP e-Gxe0) 7. 8o~ | Fs (SEST-OZT) Seis | SG SI-G-On)e°Lr, (28 Ceo. oh 2 See iS SS Se Se << % ~ ne oe ee i ovT[eUrEN pH 6 (0 0I-L°8 )2 6 O-AOF6-Ualo) PF Gm | 6 (Gs8T-COl) RFT. | 6 (2g PO 8 (8-8 POF OR ese ac 8s oe Sa SS eS Se 5 See OS TS Bie, “Sle T, ORL JaD110} £ (8°6 -9°6 )L°6 Z(I 83-82) 2°} (9ST O°LT)8°ZT | & (O'SI-0'°2ZT)9LZE | & (L°8T-9'9L)F AT J------ ae SE Fo ee es 2 iar 2 ee es SS Tey 9 oqreorre YL 818UIQIDIDIDU ST (0 01-48 )e"6 BIL ‘8S-F '22)0 ES | HIS BI-Z*AT)T ST | FI(6'ST-9°9T)2 "21 | ZT (@‘zT-8°ST)e°9T |------ aa oS oe a im & = of eo Se “~““Sepuonlne yy 61 (401-26 )8°6 LT (0 2-8 'IZ)Z'ES | IZ GL-O°LT)F ST | E26 ‘81-919 LE | BIT 6I-F'91)9 "AE |--- 7 ew en oe Eh” et Se an ae i ce BIZON BIIOIG sanftsad g (%‘OT-0 OI) I ‘OL GXGLF-Oi80) Ps oom || Ps (G2BT-SeST Ose fo (FGETS Sie io CO GI-2°STe OL Alone a ar ee SS te ~ es Se “owe BAONUBITIA 14 (9 OI-F 6 )0 ‘OT OF (F ‘F2-0'2Z)E ES | LE(EGI-E°LT)S "ST | 8P(6'6I-O'LT)9 ‘ST | 62(2'0C-0'°L1)9 BE J7--7 "tS oF , i oS a ot oe ey ee er Le ay EUUROONOT isnpipuajds @ (0 ‘01-0 '01)0 ‘01 Gm(L So-Succe ata (BART SLT )EsSE, |S CELI seel 82h lee 8G GE-8 SITOU Soir ooo ee a ee a Se SS eS EOD VT $81)19011Da 43309, IB[ODATB ‘MOI IL[OTT TAPIA osvoureig APIA. [83110980 q WOT}011}Su00 [ewquovidng q4su9] ‘spese Ny Ayeoo], pus sooedsqng 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 DESCRIPTIONS OF THE LOCALITIES MENTIONED IN THE TEXT Localities marked with an asterisk (*) are the author’s collecting stations. Others visited or seen by the author but where either no squir- rels were taken or no collecting at all was done by him are marked with a dagger ({). For aid in compiling descriptions of some of the stations not visited by the author in the Santa Marta district and in Venezuela, information was taken from Carriker, in Todd and Carriker (1922), and from Osgood (1912), as well as other reliable sources. Unless other- wise indicated, the name of the collector, or remitter, of the squirrels examined is given in parentheses at the end of each description. ALLEN, JOEL ASAPH. 1899. Descriptions of five new American rodents. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 12, pp. 11-17. 1899. New rodents from Colombia and Venezuela. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 12, pp. 195-218. 1904. Mammals from the district of Santa Marta, Colombia, collected by Mr. Herbert H. Smith, with field notes by Mr. Smith. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 20, pp. 407—468. 1914. New South American Sciuridae. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 33, pp. 585-597, 2 figs. 1915. Review of the South American Sciuridae. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 34, pp. 147-309, 25 figs., 14 pls. Auston, Epwarp R. 1878. On the squirrels of the Neotropical region. Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1878, pt. 3, pp. 656-670, 1 pl. Banes, OUTRAM. 1898. On Sciurus variabilis from the Santa Marta region of Colombia. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. 12, pp. 183-186. 1900. List of the mammals collected in the Santa Marta region of Colombia, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Proc. New England Zool. Club, vol. 1, pp. 87-102. ELLERMAN, JOHN R. 1940. The families and genera of living rodents, with a list of named forms (1758-1936) by R. W. Hayman and G. W..C. Holt. Vol. 1: Rodents other than Muridae, xxvi+689 pp. 189 figs. British Museum (Natural History), London. Grorrroy Saint Hivarre, Istpore. 1832. Essai sur le genre Sciurus, et description de six nouvelles espéces. . . Mag. Zool., Paris, vol. 2, Cl. I, 2 pls. is Gray, JoHN Epwarp. 1842. Description of some new genera and fifty unrecorded species of mam- mals. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 10, pp. 265-267. 1861. Description of a new squirrel in the British Museum, from New Grenada. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, pt. 1, p. 92, 1 pl. 1867. Synopsis of the species of American squirrels in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 20, pp. 415-434. HuMBOLDT, ALEXANDER DE, and BonpLanp, A. DE. 1812 (1811). Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. Deuxiéme Partie: Recueil d’observations de zoologie et d’anatomie comparée, vol. 1, pp. viii+ 368, 50 pls. KeE.ioce, Remineton, and Goipman, E. A. 1944. Review of the spider monkeys. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 96, pp. 1—45, 2 figs. 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Oscoop, WitFRED Hupson. 1910. Mammals from the coast and islands of northern South America. .Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 10, pp. 23-32, 2 pls. 1912. Mammals from western Venezuela and eastern Colombia. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 10, pp. 33-66, 2 pls. PENNANT, THOMAS. 1793. History of quadrupeds, vol. 2, 324 pp., 69 pls. London. Peters, WILHELM. 1863. Neue Eichhornartern aus Mexico, Costa Rica Guiana, so wie tiber Scalops latimanus Bachmann. Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1863, pp. 652-656. PUCHERAN, JACQUES. 1845. Description de quelques mammiféres Américains. Rev. Zool., Paris, vol. 8, pp. 335-337. Ropsinson, Wirt, and Lyon, Marcus Warp, Jr. 1901. An annotated list of mammals collected in the vicinity of La Guaira, Venezuela. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 24, pp. 135-162. Rone, Pav. 1943. Catalogue des types de mammiféres du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Ordre des Rongeurs. 1.—Sciuromorphes. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., ser. 2, vol. 15, pp. 382-385. Srone, WITMER. 1914. On a collection of mammals from Ecuador. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1914, pp. 9-19. THOMAS, OLDFIELD. 1901. New South-American Sciuri, Heteromys, Cavia and Caluromys. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 7, pp. 192-196. 1914. New South-American rodents. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 14, pp. 240-244. 3 1928. Note on Sciurus splendidus Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, vol. 2, p. 590. Topp, W. E. Ciypr, and Carrixer, M. A., Jr. 1922. The birds of the Santa Marta region of Colombia: A study in alti- tudinal distribution. Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 14, viii + 611 pp., 9 figs., 9 pls. U. $. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Boa INCRE C, oro eee ‘5 ED at), a ESS SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1947 No. 3209 NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES BELONGING TO THE TRIBE RHINOTRAGINI By W. S. Fisurr Tus paper is the result of a study of the cerambycid beetles belong- ing to the tribe Rhinotragini that have accumulated in the collection of the United States National Museum. Specimens have been received at various times for identification, many of which are undescribed forms, and it seems advisable to describe these so that names will be available for use in economic studies. Genus CANTHAROXYLYMNA Linsley CANTHAROXYLYMNA LINSLEYI, new species Male.—Elongate, strongly flattened above, subopaque, yellowish brown, except mandibles, top of head, anterior margin of pronotum behind eyes, a broad fascia at base, in front of middle and at apices of elytra, posterior part of metasternum and metasternal episternum, and third abdominal sternite, which are black, and the first seven seg- ments of antenna, tibiae, and apices of anterior and middle femora, which are more or less dark brown. Head prolonged into a short snout, coarsely, densely punctate on occiput, with a smooth, longitudinal, median space; eyes large, rather deeply emarginate, and nearly contiguous on front; antenna slightly expanded toward apex, with apical segments subtriangular. Pronotum slightly longer than wide, slightly wider at base than at apex, widest at middle; sides slightly, arcuately rounded ; surface very AT 734130—47 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 coarsely, shallowly, irregularly punctate, with a few inconspicuous, erect hairs. Scutellum narrow, elongate, rather densely pubescent. Elytra extending to base of fourth abdominal sternite, at base slightly wider than pronotum at middle, three times as long as pro- notum; sides very broadly, shallowly constricted at middles, the apices broadly, transversely truncate, with the exterior angle on each elytron slightly produced; surface coarsely, densely, uniformly punctate, the punctures forming large, rather deep pits, which are confluent on the black median fascia, and with a few inconspicuous, short, erect hairs. Abdomen beneath sparsely, coarsely, shallowly punctate, sparsely clothed with inconspicuous, short, erect hairs; last visible abdominal sternite broadly, deeply concave; first segment of posterior tarsus sub- equal in length to the following three segments united. Female.—Differs from the male in having the eyes smaller and separated from each other on the front by about twice the diameter of the antennal scape, the apical segments of the antenna more slender, and the last visible abdominal sternite not concave. Length 7.5 mm., width 1.6 mm. Type locality Hamburg Farm (situated on the Limon Plain along the Reventazén River), Costa Rica. Type and allotype—uU.S.N.M. No. 57671. Remarks.—Described from a male and female (male type) collected on dry wood at the type locality, July 1, 1929, by Ferdinand Nevermann. This species is allied to Cantharoxylymna bicolor Linsley, but it differs from the description given for that species in having the disk of the pronotum entirely yellowish brown, in not having the first seg- ment of the posterior tarsus as long as the following four segments united, the tarsi and middle and posterior tibiae entirely black, and a black ring near the apex of the posterior femur. Genus OXYLYMMA Pascoe OXYLYMMA TUBERCULICOLLIS, new species Female.—Elongate, moderately flattened above, subopaque, brown- ish yellow, except eyes, top of head, tips of mandibles, antennae in part, scutellum, basal and median fasciae on elytra, metasternum, and upper margin of anterior and middle femora and all tibiae, which are black or brownish black. Head prolonged into a short snout, coarsely, sparsely punctate on front, densely, finely punctate on occiput, transversely rugose behind eyes, with a deep, narrow, longitudinal groove on front, clothed with a few short, inconspicuous, erect hairs; eyes large, moderately emar- ginate, widely separated on the front. Antenna filiform, extending to NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES—FISHER 49 middle of elytra, brownish or brownish black, except segments 1, 5, and 6, which are yellowish, sparsely clothed on underside with a few rather long, semierect hairs; segment 1 slightly expanded toward apex, three-fourths as long as third, which is twice as long as fourth. Pronotum distinctly wider than long, narrower at apex than at base, widest. behind middle; sides obliquely diverging from apical angles. to middles, strongly, arcuately expanded behind middles, strongly con- stricted near bases; disk moderately convex, narrowly, transversely grooved along anterior margin, broadly, transversely depressed along base, with a large, erect, conical tubercle (which is obtusely rounded at apex) on middle of disk; surface impunctate, clothed with a few inconspicuous, erect hairs. Scutellum transverse, deeply, longitudi- nally depressed at middle. Elytra distinctly wider than pronotum behind middle; sides par- allel from humeral angles to near apices, which are separately nar- rowly angulate; surface coarsely, densely punctate basally, the punc- tures becoming finer and sparser toward apices, sparsely clothed with short, inconspicuous, erect hairs, and each elytron ornamented with black as follows: A broad fascia at base with posterior margin angu- late, and a broad fascia at middle with the anterior and posterior margins crenulate, the fasciae not quite reaching the lateral margin. Abdomen beneath impunctate, with a few long, inconspicuous, erect hairs; last visible abdominal sternite broadly rounded at apex. Meso- sternum and metasternum coarsely, shallowly punctate, more densely pubescent than abdomen. Prosternum glabrous, transversely rugese. Length 11-12 mm., width. 3.5 mm, Type locality—Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica. Type and paratype.—U.S.N.M. No. 57672. Remarks.—Described from two females (one type). The type was collected at the type locality, July 19, 1925, by Ferdinand Nevermann, and the paratype was collected at Coronado, 1,400 to 1,500 meters, Costa Rica, May 15, 1925, by T. Assmann. The paratype differs from the type in having the antennae paler and the elytra ornamented with a large triangular black spot at the humeral angles and a black diamond-shaped spot along the sutural margins behind the scutellum. This species is closely allied to Oxylymma lepida Pascoe, but it dif- fers from the description given for that species in having the top of the head entirely black, the pronotum armed with a large conical tubercle on the median part of the disk, the elytra with a broad black fascia at the base or a black diamond-shaped spot behind the scutellum, the tips of the elytra more obtusely angulated, the last two abdominal sternites yellow, and in not having the tips of the elytra black. 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Genus OMMATA White OMMATA (ECLIPTA) BREVIPENNIS Melzer Ommata (Hclipta) brevipennis Mreuzer, Arch. Inst. Biol. Sio Paulo, vol. 5, pp. 217-218, pl. 15, figs. 9-10, 1934. Three specimens (two males and one female) were received from Fritz Plaumann for identification. These are alike in coloration and agree with the description given by Melzer for the male of brevipennis. They were collected at Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil, during November 1936, by Mr. Plaumann. Melzer described this species from a male from Paraguay, with which he associated a female from the Argentine Republic. This female differs from the male in having the thorax red and may be a variety of the typical form. According to the generic classification given by Lacordaire (Genera des Coléoptéres, vol. 8, p. 498, 1869) for the tribe Rhinotragini, brevi- pennis could easily be placed in the genus Odontocera, but Bates (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 11, p. 36, 1837) has restricted the use of the genus Odontocera for the species which have the vitreous spaces on the elytra. OMMATA (ECLIPTA) BREVIPENNIS var. FULVIPES, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of brevipennis Melzer in having the antennae dark brownish yellow, the elytra brownish black, and all the legs brownish yellow, except the dorsal surface of the tarsi, which are more or less blackish. Length 17 mm., width 2.25 mm. Type locality.—Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—vU.S.N.M. No. 57673. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected December 26, 1936, by Fritz Plaumann. OMMATA (ECLIPTA) BREVIPENNIS var. SANGUINICOLLIS, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of brevipennis Melzer in having the elytra and tibiae in part brownish black and the thorax varying from uniformly dark red to dark red with a small black space at base and along anterior margin of pronotum, rarely with the prothorax and median part of pronotum black. Length 14 mm., width 2 mm. Type locality.—Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type and paraty pes.—U.S.N.M. No. 57674. Remarks.—Described from eight females (one type) collected during December 1935 and October and November 1936 by Fritz Plaumann. NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES—FISHER 51 OMMATA (ECLIPTA) POECILA var. NIGRICORNIS, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of poecila Bates as fol- lows: Head and antennae black, the latter becoming brownish black toward apices, pronotum with two small, round, black spots arranged transversely on disk in front of middle, apical two-thirds of the elytra black, metasternum, except anterior margin, black, abdomen uniformly yellow, except last visible sternite, which is black, and all tibiae uniformly black. Length 10 mm., width 2 mm. Type locality Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 57675. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected December 5, 1936, by Fritz Plaumann. OMMATA (ECLIPTA) POECILA var. MACULICOLLIS, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of poecila Bates as fol- lows: Antennae black, becoming brownish black toward apices, mandi- bles and anterior margin of head black, apical two-thirds of the elytra black, metasternum, except anterior margin, black, abdomen uniformly yellow, except last visible sternite, which is black, and the middle and posterior tibiae entirely black. Length 9 mm., width 1.75 mm. Type locality —Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—vU.S.N.M. No. 57676. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected December 12, 1936, by Fritz Plaumann. Genus ODONTOCERA Audinet-Serville ODONTOCERA EXILIS, new species Male.—Elongate, very slender, moderately shining, black, except: posterior tarsi and a small spot at humeral angles, which are yellowish: white, and the pale vitreous vitta on each elytron. Head prolonged into a short snout, coarsely, sparsely, irregularly punctate on occiput, densely clothed behind clypeus with long, recum- bent, silvery white hairs; eyes large, deeply emarginate, and nearly contiguous on front. Antenna slightly expanded toward apex, serrate from sixth segment; first segment robust, moderately clavate; segments 2 to 5 slender, cylindrical, the third twice as long as fourth. Pronotum subcylindrical, distinctly longer than wide, subequal in width at base and apex, widest at middle; sides slightly, arcuately rounded; disk moderately convex, broadly, shallowly, transversely depressed along base and anterior margin; surface coarsely, irregularly punctate on median part, more densely, finely punctate along sides 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 and anterior margin, sparsely clothed with rather long, inconspicuous, erect, silvery white hairs. Scutellum densely clothed with recumbent, white hairs. Elytra at base as wide as pronotum at middle, extending to middle of second abdominal sternite, slightly dehiscent along sutural margins, and broadly rounded at apices; surface glabrous, coarsely, densely punctate along lateral margins, sparsely, indistinctly punctate on vitreous areas. Abdomen very long, slender, and cylindrical, twice as long as rest of body; beneath sparsely, finely punctate, sparsely clothed with short, erect, black hairs, the last visible sternite flattened and more densely pubescent. Prosternum, mesosternum, and metasternum rather densely clothed with long, erect, white hairs and with patches of dense, recumbent, silvery-white pubescence. Posterior legs long and slender; femora abruptly clavate at apices, the posterior pair extend- ing to the middle of third abdominal sternite. Length 19 mm., width 2 mm. Type locality—Tela, Honduras. Lype.—U.S.N.M. No. 57677. Remarks.—Described from a single male collected April 25, 1923, by S. C. Bruner. This species can be distinguished from the other described species of this genus by its very long and cylindrical abdomen. ODONTOCERA AUROCINCTA var. NIGROAPICALIS, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of aurocincta Bates as follows: Intervals between the coarse punctures on the front of head finely and densely punctate, pubescence on pronotum, scutellum, and sternum silvery white, pronotum widest at the middle, with the sides regularly rounded, and the apical halves of the middle and posterior femora black. Length 19 mm., width 2.5 mm. Type locality—“La Gloria, Cardel, V. C., Mexico.” Type—U.S.N.M. No. 57678. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected during July 1937 by J. Camelo G. Genus ISCHASIA Thomson ISCHASIA EXIGUA, new species Male.—Elongate, strongly flattened above, subopaque; head, pro- notum, scutellum, and body beneath black; antennae and legs brownish yellow, except posterior femora, which are yellowish white at bases. Head without a distinct snout, coarsely, deeply, confluently punc- tate on occiput, sparsely clothed with short, inconspicuous, erect hairs; eyes large, deeply emarginate, contiguous on the front. Antenna ex- NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES—FISHER 53 tending to second abdominal sternite, abruptly expanded toward apex; segment 1 robust, slightly expanded toward apex, subequal in length to third segment; segments 2 to 6 slender, cylindrical, the third one- fourth longer than fourth; segments 7 and 8 elongate-triangular; segments 9 to 11 robust, cylindrical, the eleventh acute at apex. Pronotum cylindrical, distinctly longer than wide, subequal in width at base and apex, widest at middle; sides slightly arcuately rounded; disk strongly convex; surface coarsely, deeply, confluently ocellate- punctate, sparsely clothed with long, inconspicuous, erect hairs, Scutellum rather densely clothed with recumbent, whitish hairs. Elytra cuneiform, extending to middle of first abdominal sternite, at base slightly wider than pronotum at middle, strongly dehiscent along sutural margins, the tips narrowly rounded; surface rather sparsely, coarsely, shallowly punctate, sparsely clothed with rather long, inconspicuous, erect hairs. Abdomen beneath indistinctly punctate, sparsely clothed on median part with long, erect, white hairs and along sides densely clothed with short, recumbent, white hairs. Posterior legs very long and slender; femora abruptly clavate; tibiae gradually expanded and densely clothed with semierect, stiff hairs toward apices, but the hairs not forming tufts. Length 5 mm., width 1 mm. Type locality —Guatira Valley, El Marquez, Venezuela. Type—vU.S.N.M. No. 57679. Remarks.—Described from a single male collected June 19, 1926, by H. E. Box. This species is allied to /schasia crassitarsis Gounelle, but it differs from the description given for that species in having the eyes con- tiguous on the front of the head, the sides of the pronotum more parallel, the head and the pronotum black, the elytra brownish yellow, and the posterior tibiae densely clothed with rather stiff hairs toward their apices, but the hairs not forming tufts. ISCHASIA NEVERMANNI, new species Female.—Elongate, strongly flattened above, moderately shining, brownish yellow, except head, antennae, middle and posterior tibiae, outer surface of anterior tibiae, and tarsi, which are brownish or reddish black. Head with a short snout, coarsely, sparsely, irregularly punctate, longitudinally rugose, sparsely clothed with short, erect, inconspicu- ous hairs, and with a shallow, longitudinal groove between the eyes; eyes large, deeply emarginate, separated from each other on the front by about one-half the width of lower lobe. Antenna extending to second abdominal sternite, strongly expanded toward apex; seg- 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 ment 1 robust, slightly expanded toward apex, three-fourths as long as third; segments 2 to 5 slender, cylindrical, the third twice as long as fourth; segments 6 to 11 slightly serrate, diminishing in length to the eleventh, which is acute at apex. Pronotum cylindrical, distinctly longer than wide, subequal in width at base and apex, widest just behind middle; sides arcuately rounded, more obliquely converging anteriorly; disk strongly convex and slightly uneven; surface coarsely, deeply, confluently ocellate- punctate, sparsely clothed with short, semierect, inconspicuous hairs. Scutellum densely clothed with short, recumbent, yellowish hairs. Elytra cuneiform, extending to middle of first abdominal sternite, at base subequal in width to pronotum behind middle, strongly de- hiscent along sutural margins at apical halves, the tips narrowly rounded; surface coarsely, rather densely, uniformly punctate, sparsely clothed with long, erect, yellowish hairs. Abdomen beneath indistinctly punctate, sparsely clothed with long and short, erect, inconspicuous hairs. Posterior legs long and slender ; femora abruptly clavate at apices and extending to tip of abdomen; tibia slender, cylindrical, not expanded toward apex, uniformly clothed with short, semierect, stiff hairs, but the hairs not forming tufts to- ward apices. Length 10 mm. width 1.75 mm. Type locality—Hamburg Farm, Costa Rica. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 57680. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected at night on a freshly cut sapotaceous tree, January 3, 1937, by Ferdinand Nevermann. This species is allied to /schasia crassitarsis Gounelle, but it differs from the description given for that species in having the pronotum, elytra, and underside of the body brownish yellow, the dorsal surface of the pronotum slightly uneven, the elytra cuneiform and more strongly dehiscent posteriorly, and in not having the posterior tibiae expanded toward their apices. Genus EPIMELITTA Bates EPIMELITTA ACUTIPENNIS, new species Male—Short and rather robust, strongly flattened above. Head prolonged into a short snout, black, except clypeus, labrum, and mandibles, which are brownish yellow; surface densely, coarsely punctate on occiput, with a deep, longitudinal groove between the eyes, rather densely clothed with long, recumbent, pale yellow hairs; eyes large, deeply emarginate, separated from each other on the front by about the diameter of first antennal segment. Antenna short, slightly expanded toward apex, pale yellowish brown and strongly shining at base, becoming opaque and dark brown toward apex; segment 1 robust, NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES—FISHER 55 slightly expanded toward apex, subequal in length to third segment; segments 2 to 4 slender, cylindrical, the third twice as long as fourth; segments 5 to 11 subtriangular or subcylindrical. Pronotum black, one-third wider than long, wider at apex than at base, widest at basal third; sides slightly, arcuately diverging from anterior angles to basal thirds, then strongly constricted near bases; disk slightly uneven, transversely depressed along base; surface coarsely, deeply, confluently punctate, densely, irregularly clothed with long, erect and recumbent, yellow hairs. Scutellum densely clothed with yellow hairs. Elytra cuneiform, extending to middle of first abdominal sternite, acute at apices, pale brownish yellow, each with a triangular black space at scutellum, and a small black spot at middle along lateral mar- gin; surface rather coarsely punctate basally, the punctures becoming finer and sparser toward apices, and each elytron with a longitudinal spot of long, erect, brownish-yellow hairs extending from base to middle of sutural margin. Abdomen beneath brownish yellow, with margins blackish, densely, shallowly punctate, sparsely clothed with short, erect, yellowish hairs; first visible sternite ornamented on each side with a narrow fascia of white hairs; last visible sternite broadly, arcuately emarginate at apex. Sternum black, densely, irregularly clothed with long, erect and recumbent, yellow and white hairs. Legs brownish yellow, ex- cept apical halves of posterior femora and tibiae, which are black; anterior and middle legs rather densely clothed with moderately long, yellow hairs, posterior femora extending to apical margin of third ab- dominal sternite, very coarsely, deeply, densely punctate, rather dense- ly clothed with short, semierect, yellowish hairs, with a narrow fascia of white hairs near apices; posterior tibiae coarsely, confluently punc- tate, clothed with long, erect, yellow hairs, and with a dense tuft of dark brown hairs near apices. Female.—Differs from the male in having the eyes separated from each other on the front by about three times the diameter of the first antennal segment, the pronotum broadly yellow along base and anterior margin, the last visible abdominal sternite truncate at the apex, and the first visible abdominal sternite with a narrow fascia of white hairs along the posterior margin. Length 13.5 mm., width 3.5 mm. Type locality —British Guiana. Type and allotype.—U.S.N.M. No. 57681. Remarks.—Described from a male and female (male type) collected at the type locality. This species is allied to Hpimelitta nigerrima Bates but can be sepa- rated from that species by its yellowish-brown color and by having the tips of the elytron more acute and indistinctly punctate. 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 87 EPIMELITTA NIGERRIMA var. FLAVIPUBESCENS, new variety This variety differs from the typical form of nigerrima Bates as follows: Dark reddish brown, posterior tarsi and apical halves of pos- terior femora and tibiae reddish yellow, and the posterior tibiae with a dense tuft of long, yellow hairs covering the greater part of the tibiae. Lenth 14 mm., width 3.5 mm. Type locality.—_LaCaja (near San José), Costa Rica. Type.—uU.S.N.M. No. 57682. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected during Decem- ber 1929 by H. Schmidt. Genus TOMOPTERUS Audinet-Serville TOMOPTERUS FLAVOFASCIATUS, new species Female.—Form similar to Tomopterus quadratipennis Bates. Head prolonged into a short snout, black except labrum, which is brownish yellow; surface densely, coarsely punctate on occiput and behind labrum, with a rather broad, longitudinal groove between the eyes, rather densely clothed with recumbent, yellowish hairs; eyes large, deeply emarginate, and separated from each other on the front by about twice the diameter of the first antennal segment. Antenna brownish yellow, subopaque, gradually expanded toward apex; seg- ment 1 robust, slightly expanded toward apex; segments 2 to 4 cylin- drical, the third twice as long as fourth; the following segments sub- equal in length, robust, and subcylindrical or subtriangular. Pronotum black, quadrate, subequal in width at base and apex, widest in front of middle; sides arcuately rounded in front of middle, slightly, obliquely converging posteriorly; disk strongly convex, nar- rowly, transversely depressed along base and anterior margin; surface coarsely, deeply, confluently ocellate-punctate, sparsely clothed with inconspicuous, erect hairs and ornamented with short, recumbent, yellow pubescence as follows: A narrow fascia along base and anterior margin, and a narrow, arcuate, median fascia, extending to lateral margins at middle. Scutellum very large, elongate, coarsely punctate, densely clothed at apex with recumbent, yellowish pubescence. Elytra very short, not extending to base of abdomen, the tips broadly rounded exteriorly and more or less obliquely toward sutural margins, black, and each elytron with a narrow, oblique brownish- yellow vitta (color paler posteriorly) extending from humeral region to apex at middle, and a triangular brownish-yellow spot at scutellum ; surface coarsely, deeply, confluently ocellate-punctate, and sparsely clothed with short, inconspicuous, erect hairs. Abdomen beneath brownish black, finely, densely punctate and granulose, densely clothed with short, recumbent, whitish hairs, which NEW CERAMBYCID BEETLES—FISHER 57 are slightly longer along posterior margins of sternites. Metasternal epimeron densely clothed with recumbent, yellow pubescence. Legs reddish brown, except bases of posterior femora, which are whitish. Length 10 mm., width 2.75 mm. Type locality —Nova Teutonia, Santa Catharina, Brazil. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 57683. Remarks.—Described from a single female collected December 18, 1936, by Fritz Plaumann. This species is allied to Tomopterus quadraticollis Bates, but it differs from that species in having a narrow, arcuately median fascia of yellow pubescence on the pronotum, and a large, triangular, brownish-yellow spot on each elytron at the scutellar region. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 foe. uehlr eats hah ae pei ‘ eh ara pais pT VWelieesé woitieanlia’d ARNE LeraodadP: aval ar ‘ fae cs 2h0ts 0, MAU. tt |b Maine bo io sigue abussie RC radinsatl ae ieee RRP Cu iy mr Lia Cs ro etn taka, Ble seman SL Y ni tat Git ease? BUidaibohiwieg arveiqane't on bailis’ at ees Rastb tether yadnvorn wort eyoind ge ‘anlieca t Vieliigdaiye eoqrek whine’ catodor 4d no Giessen ME dioiyet tallalnog exit id apg oad 10 sage wollse laine eaten tApvaae | Osa Ry AS Mae GS ” SAP Chig hELY id sae vei Pe : ihe t Pe ee i Wahi Ray, ahs aj ; 7 varia >| | pags Pee RA iba’ PY Lunch nilene Rd ep ed oe Lr tae waa: a Nae PRAY Or a De® ee ay AER rite, pel > iw iia, Gviijetw soyterng iodorieriy) dota kee CePA cotirresily Meee ee, ; oy Sad terete rong Ej ae on] ee Nhat a el BRP Fe Advi Tinea ry Mia ere é 3 srk iene wet > ee ots Me Bae? 2b - ; Held ‘bi! Mi diate Sk oe ar big Se) KEL EPR toe es Y ae ¥ athe . pe ty ; Ameo hae ERECT A TANCE UAE Ry TEES UAL Clg bean ig a ee 4 wel ae ahah id sPety ao tise ast ee a Mkt (ON eg 2. - Tian entest re) des email itil ha) set be irra in ohh Rain a ; ; ha i, “rsh @ \ “. ¢ ay i f i a ‘ Ti F, ea tp nies. A gl * high ® j..0% a 7 Ae >} ; < ane ty fd iii vr. ets py ELEN ON ae phate! Pie! Hoe Sho oc phe) wl Ss pe an a pis i . Ege ge <0 Tl, tw diner a ron in ata te mash ns ‘ vs Cah aah a ain Eis plas Ay ib ‘ie ’ pony wei wom ten eek Sa ay yon ar ot yeh eee aay © OI bar a Me AS 8 wn A ae aly oie ie * i te Esheite ae ae $] SOO atic saibe Rate iO: orl Coca PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1947 No. 3210 STUDIES ON THE FIREFLY, IV: TEN NEW LAMPYRIDS FROM JAMAICA By Joun B, Buck BarBer’s (1941) key to the lampyrid fireflies of Jamaica contains brief descriptions of 38 new species and subspecies, mainly from my 1936 collection. The purpose of the present paper is to describe 10 additional species that were recognized in a much more extensive collection made in July and August 1941.1. Mr. Barber and I have in preparation a monograph that will include all previously published information on Jamaican fireflies, a revised key, and extensive data on the habits and distributions of the forms considered. We regard this latter type of information of very great importance for an ade- quate understanding of a lampyrid fauna. MATERIAL, METHODS, AND TERMINOLOGY The descriptions were made from dried and mounted specimens, although I tried to include as many characters as possible that can be seen in fresh samples or with a minimum of microscopical observa- tion. In many instances, however, a positive identification cannot be made without careful microscopical study of certain basic anatom- ical features, and for this a brilliant spotlight and a binocular dis- secting microscope with magnification up to 50 diameters are necessary. As emphasized by Barber (1941), the mode of preservation of fresh 1 It is a pleasure to acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. P. J. Darlington, Jr., for the loan of the Museum of Comparative Zoology collection; to Miss Idolene Hegemann, of Bennington College, who made most of the aedeagus drawings; and to Dr. d’Alte Welch for lending the pocket aneroid barometer used for the alti- tude measurements. The expenses of the trip were met in part by a grant from the Penrose Fund of the American Philosophical Society. The expedition based at Clydesdale House in the Blue Mountains, for the use of which we are greatly indebted to the Natural History Society of Jamaica, to the Jamaica Depart- ment of Forestry, and particularly to C. Bernard Lewis, curator of the Science Museum of the Institute of Jamaica, who worked tirelessly to make our stay in Jamaica as profitable as possible. Finally, I want to thank especially H. S. Barber, who has given me unstinted guidance and encouragement in all aspects of the work. This study was meade in the Department of Zoology, University of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. 734129—47. 1 59 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 samples is of vital importance in obtaining specimens suitable for adequate study. All the descriptions presented below, except that of Diphotus darlingtoni, are based on specimens prepared by the following technique, which produces samples far superior to ordinary pinned material in cleanness, flexibility, and preservation of natural form and color: Place the specimen alive in at least 10 volumes of 70 percent alcohol and leave for several days or longer; extend the abdomen and hook out the aedeagus with a bent-tipped micropin so that both surfaces are fully displayed (if it becomes detached, cement on a hair and mount with the specimen); place in 95 percent alcohol, one hour; absolute alcohol (2 changes), overnight to several days; benzene, 10 minutes; allow to dry on porous tile or filter paper; mount on point with cellulose acetate cement diluted with amyl acetate. The male has been used as the basis of classification since males are almost always very much more abundant in collections than females (perhaps because it is usually only the male that flies and flashes spontaneously), and because when several species are active at the same time and place, females cannot always be associated with males of the same species. Following Barber (1941) particular weight has been given to the morphology of the male copulatory apparatus (aedeagus). In most cases this evidence merely confirms conclusions that are indicated by habitus and other morphological evidence, but occasionally it is particularly valuable in suggesting affinities not otherwise obvious and, conversely, in separating forms superficially very similar. However, a statistical analysis of aedeagal dimensions in populations of four “subspecies” of Photinus evanescens Barber (Buck, 1942) shows that the aedeagus is no less variable in form than most other structures and indicates that too much importance should not be attached to minor variations in contour. In most instances I have followed the terminology of Torre-Bueno (1937). For the aedeagus I use, like Barber (1941), the standard notation of Sharp and Muir (1912), as follows (usmg Photinus lewisi, pl. 2, fig. 11, as an example): The aedeagus consists of two lateral lobes (LL), which lie on each side of and may partly enclose the single median lobe (ML). The lateral lobes are typically heavily sclerotized, except perhaps at their extreme tips, and are rigid, though jomted at their basal ends (anteriorly) and movable in life by means of complex muscles within the basal piece (B) of the aedeagus. The lateral lobes accordingly may be found spread apart laterally to different degrees in different specimens. The median lobe is usually sclerotized dorsally and laterally, membranous ventrally. The function of the lateral lobes is thought to be to spread the female aperture and guide into it the tubelike internal sac (pl. 2, fig. 12a, IS), which during mating emerges from the tip of the median lobe. Actually, the internal sac is rarely TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 61 seen extruded. On both lateral and median lobes accessory structures such as hooks, knobs, and teeth may be present. By “length of lateral lobe’’ is meant the distance from its apex (posterior end) to the nearest part of the basal piece. It is difficult to make generic generalizations concerning the aedea- gus, but Photinus seems to differ from Diphotus in. having lateral lobes that in dorsal aspect are close together only in their basal third or less and are usually widely separated distally except at their apices, which curve evenly close together. In Diphotus, on the other hand, the lateral lobes are generally rather straight-sided in both margins and are usually close to each other dorsally throughout most of their lengths. In Photinus the functional orifice of the median lobe is dorsal; in Diphotus it is ventral. All the drawings of aedeagi were made under a 16-mm. objective with a camera lucida at magnifications of 130 to 200 diameters. Re- produced sizes can be judged from the }-millimeter scale lines in- cluded with each set of drawings. In regard to color I use ‘‘white’’ to include also very pale gray or very light yellow (in contrast to ‘ight brown,” implying straw, pale tan, or khaki), and “black’”’ to include also very dark brown (in distinction to ‘‘dark brown,’’ which I use to include chocolate, rich brown, or sepia). Properties of the chitinous surface are described with considerable reservation because the decisions as to whether a surface is studded with minute elevations or with minute depressions, or whether it is glossy or dull, often rests solely on the type of illumination used and is further obscured by the degree of pubescence of the surface, which is itself difficult to determine and describe accurately. Length measurements always precede width. Length of the insect as a whole is always given as from the apex of the pronotum to the apices of the elytra and is ordinarily obtained by measuring pronotum and elytra separately, then adding, because the body is often flexed at the promesothoracic joint in pinned specimens. The terms ‘‘sternites”’ and “‘tergites’’ as used herein refer always to the abdomen. In the Lampyridae the first sternite is vestigial or obsolete, sternite 2 being the first visible. In the male, sternite 9 is reduced in size and hidden beneath tergite 8, the pygidium, forming part of the sheath of the aedeagus. Likewise tergites 9 and 10 are reduced, fused, and usually hidden under the pygidium as part of the aedeagal sheath. Head and eye dimensions were measured at 40 diameters with a micrometer ocular, the eye in the anteroposterior axis (though firefly eyes are nearly always round in lateral aspect) and the head from the front (i. e., the greatest distance from the most lateral surface of one 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Vou, 97 eye to that of the other). The degree of divergence of the anterior inner margins of the eyes, dorsal to the antennal sockets a distance about equal to the radius of the eye, was found to be a useful character. The frons was measured at the level of the antennae. The frons is often much hollowed, the concavity being, in the forms here studied, a measure of the relative size of the eyes to the head as a whole, as is usually also the degree of divergence of the interocular margins (which is in general greater, the smaller the eyes). The reader should recall that the size of the eyes in most male fireflies greatly exceeds that in the female, so that the frons usually differs markedly in shape in the two sexes. A valuable key character, used also by Barber, is the coloration of the two small, polygonal, basolateral mesonotal plates (pl. 3, fig. 21, MP) situated anterolaterally to the scutellum (SC) in the space between the pronotum (P£#) and the articulations of the elytra (ZL) and usually partly covered by the hind margin of the former. In Photuris, Photinus, and Presbyolampis there often occurs one or two robust conical sclerotized elongated spurs, movable in fresh material, which originate in the tarsal socket behind and _ project. distally beyond the ventral surface of the distal end or rim of the tibia (pl. 2, fig. 16). These spurs, which are to be distinguished from those occurring in Diphotus and Microdiphot (pl. 2, figs. 17-19) de- scribed below, are prominent in some species of Photinus, but in others they are so inconspicuous as to require exhaustive microscopical search. The spurs were studied carefully in all species where a large series was available, particularly in Photinus pallens (Fabricius, 1798) and Photuris jamaicensis EK. Olivier, 1886, where they are very promi- nent, and their distribution was found to be absolutely constant intra- specifically not only as to over-all pattern but also as to position of the individual spurs. Moreover, male and female were found to show the same pattern. I feel therefore that the distributional pattern of tibial spurs, since it differs in different species, is a useful specific character. However, it must be confessed that in species which are very small or in which the spurs are difficult to distinguish from ordinary hairs because of similar coloration (e. g., P. lewisi) there occasionally appear to be discrepancies in distribution both between different individuals and between the two legs of a pair. The shapes of the maxillary and labial palps are quite distinctive and could probably be used as specific characters, but for lack of space for illustrations I have used only their coloration. The terminal segment of the larger maxillary palp is usually subconical with one side produced to an edge, whereas that of the labial palp varies in shape from rectangular (e. g., in Photinus nothoides) through triangular or hastate (e. g., P. elisabethae) to mitten-shaped (Diphotus mast). TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—-BUCK 63 A short mention (‘‘Field Characters”) of certain prominent charac- teristics heads each description. This is intended only as an aid to preliminary identification, not as a key or diagnosis. The numbers following the individual descriptions refer, unless otherwise noted, to the U. S. National Museum collection, where the specimens are deposited. LOCALITIES Studies on intra- and interspecific relationships, such as the work on Photinus evanescens Barber (1941) already mentioned (Buck, 1942), require precise knowledge of geographical distribution. Since most of the localities visited in 1941 were in very inaccessible semiwilderness regions, a brief description of each, alphabetically arranged, is included. Some of the mentioned place names refer to those on the map of Jamaica prepared by the Public Works Department and issued by the Jamaica Automobile Association, but the names of some of the more obscure localities can be found only on manuscript maps in the Institute of Jamaica. The name in parentheses after the place name is that of the parish. For a better understanding of the geography of the high peaks of the Blue Mountain Range, where much of the collecting was done, it should be stated that the main ridge runs roughly west-east, with John Crow (6,000 feet), Bellevue (6,000 feet ?), Sir Johns (6,100 feet), High (6,300 feet ?), Mossmans (6,600 feet), and Blue Mountain (7,360 feet) Peaks in sequence. Belmore Castle (Trelawny): In the southern Cockpit Country at the end of automobile transportation on the road leading north from Golden Grove (St. Elizabeth), and about 19 airline miles northwest of Mandeville. Col- lections were made along the forest trail running north toward interior banana plantings, and also around the ranger station at Quickstep, one mile to the south. Altitude about 1,500 feet. Catherines Peak (St. Andrew): 5,050 feet, southern outlier of main Blue Moun- tain Range, about 2% airline miles east-southeast of Hardware Gap and 11 airline miles northeast of Kingston. Collected trail from Woodcutters Gap (4,500 feet) to summit. Chestervale (St. Andrew): Coffee plantation in foothills of John Crow Peak, near junction of Yallas and Clyde Rivers about 2 airline miles east-northeast of Catherines Peak. Altitude 3,200 feet. Clydesdale (St. Andrew): Abandoned coffee plantation near the headwaters of the Clyde, 1 airline mile east of Chestervale with which it is connected by 2 miles of excellent rain-forest trail, much used for collecting. Altitude 3,500 feet. Cornpuss Gap (St. Thomas): Collected along trail leading up east side of the east fork of the Island River Valley starting about 3 trail (2 airline) miles north of Bath, at 1,650 feet at point 0.8 trail mile north of United Fruit Co. shed at Barretts Gap, and continuing up 2 miles through banana plantings to forest reserve at about 1,975 feet. Morces Gap (Portland—St. Andrew): Between John Crow Peak on the west and Bellevue Peak on the east. Altitude 4,950 feet. 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 Mossmans Peak (Portland): Collected for 2 miles along the level forest trail leading from Portland Gap west around the north shoulder of the peak, at 5,600 feet. - New Haven Gap (Portland—St. Andrew): Between Bellvue and Sir Johns Peaks. Altitude 5,500 feet. Port Antonio (Portland): Port on north coast near east end of island. Sir Johns Peak (St. Andrew): Collected trail leading around south shoulder of peak from saddle (5,750 feet) between Sir Johns and High Peaks through tree fern forest (5,900 feet) and down toward New Haven Gap. Stony Hill (St. Andrew): 8 airline miles due north of Kingston. Altitude 1,150 feet. Trafalgar Gap Trail (Portland): Leads north from Morces Gap (4,950 feet), descending gradually to 4,350 feet in about 2 miles. DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES AND GENERA Genus PHOTINUS Motschulsky A redescription of the genus Photinus would be out of place here, but a few words about certain characteristics common to all the species here described and, in most cases, different from those of the other genera considered, will save duplication in the individual descriptions. In the males of the known Jamaican species of the genus (except Photinus lucernula Barber) the photogenic organs of the adult occupy all the ventral surfaces of abdominal segments 6 and 7 (pl. 3, fig. 32), whereas in the female (pl. 3, fig. 33) there is only one organ, occupying part of sternite 6. The photogenic organ, which is usually white or, in life, very pale yellow and is surrounded by a very narrow chalky border formed by the edge of the “reflector’’ layer of the organ, should not be confused with white sternites due merely to absence of pigmentation. In most species of Photinus, in contrast to Diphotus, sternites 6, 7, and 8 have a rounded notch, sometimes quite deep, in the middle of the posterior margins, giving a more or less bilobed effect (pl. 3, fig. 32). As in Diphotus the tarsal claws are simple (pl. 3, fig. 29). The tibial spur pattern is usually 0-1-1 or 1-2-2. Aedeagal characters have already been mentioned. PHOTINUS LEWISI, new species PuaTE 1, Ficure 1; Puats 2, Figure 11 Field characters Dimensions varying from 6.5 by 2.4 to 8.1 by 3.0 mm. (Average dimensions, with standard errors, 7.40.5 mm. by 2.7+0.2 mm.) Pronotum and end of abdomen nearly white, rest of body dark brown to black. Male.—Pronotum averaging 1.5 mm. long by 2.2 mm. wide (though length-width ratio varies from 2:3 to nearly 1: 1); shape and propor- tions variable; sometimes widest before hind angles, front margin usually semicircular, hind angles usually produced backward slightly, basal margin straight in median three-fifths; color entirely white or ee TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 65 with an indefinite and variable brown discal spot, shining. Scutellum and mesonotal plates dark brown. Elytron about 6.2 by 1.3 mm.; uniform dark brown to black; margins subparallel to apical fourth, thence tapering mainly in lateral margin. Head width 1.2mm. Eye length 0.65 mm. Frons width 0.38 mm., black, slightly concave; interocular margins very slightly divergent. Maxillary palpi medium to dark brown, labial palpi light brown. Antennae 3.1 mm., dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each three times as long as wide. Legs and ventral surface of thorax dark brown. Claws light to medium brown. Tibial spurs short and very difficult to see, distributed usually front leg 1, middle leg 2, hind leg 2, but a few individuals apparently have only one on the hind tibiae. Tergites 1 to 7 dark brown; pygidium white, broad with slight median sagittal ridge, shape variable, hind margin more or less bisinuate and with median angle of variable length and sharpness, sometimes flanked by less prominent lateral angles. Sternites 2, 3, 4, and most of 5 dark brown, the latter with most of hind margin white, 6 to 9 white; 6 very slightly, 7 and 8 fairly strongly and broadly notched at centers of hind margins. Aedeagus (pl. 2, figs. 11, a-c) similar to that of P. evanescens Barber; white; lateral lobes parallel-sided in basal third, then tapering rapidly, cylindrical and curving evenly nearly to contact at apices, which are slightly knobbed and curved slightly posterodorsally ; median lobe moderately broad, nearly covered basally (anteriorly) on dorsal surface by the internally hollowed overlapping basal regions of the lateral lobes, its sclerotized covering light brown dorsally, dark brown and rough lat- erally at apex, notched deeply on dorsal surface and reaching only to apical fourth of lateral lobes; ventrally the sclerotized shell of the median lobe covers only its lateral surfaces and is slightly expanded near its base. Female.—Fully winged and very similar to male. Pygidium white; wider than long, the sides strongly arcuate in basal half, thence straight and strongly convergent to the truncate apex; rest of tergites dark brown. Photogenic organ in median third of sixth abdominal sternite, other sternites colored as in male. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 57315. Distribution.—Sir Johns Peak (type locality), August 2, 1941, type male and ten male and one female paratypes; Trafalgar Gap trail, July 21, 1941, 1 male paratype; Catherines Peak, July 28, 1941, 3 male _ paratypes; New Haven Gap, August 2, 1941, 1 male paratype; Moss- mans Peak, July 30, 1941, 1 male paratype. Known altitude range, 4,975-5,750 feet. Named for C. Bernard Lewis, curator of the Science Museum, Institute of Jamaica, in appreciation of his many favors to the expedi- tion. 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 PHOTINUS PARDALIS, new species PuaTte 1, Figure 2; Puate 2, Figure 12 Field characters.—Length 6.5-7.0 mm., width 2.5 mm. Pronotum uniform white; elytra light brown with many small, irregularly dis- tributed, sometimes confluent, diffuse dark brown spots. Male.—Pronotum 1.3 by 1.9, 1.6 by 2.2, and 1.6 by 2.2 mm. in the three known males; front margin semicircular, lateral margins at hind angles varying from parallel to definitely convergent anteriorly; color uniform white, including disc, but with translucent area over eyes; hind margin nearly straight; hind angles prolonged slightly backward. Scutellum dark brown. Mesonotal plates usually light brown. LElytron averaging 5.4 by 1.2 mm.; light brown with about 30 small irregular diffuse, sometimes confluent, dark brown spots; dull; darker at humerus; nearly parallel-sided to apical fourth, then tapering mainly in lateral margin; vestiture pale. Head width 1.3mm. Eye length 0.7 mm. Frons width 0.37 mm., black, slightly concave; interocular margins parallel. Maxillary palpi dark brown labial palpi light brown. Antennae 3.0 mm., dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each once and a half to twice as long as wide. Legs and ventral surface of thorax dark brown; claws light brown; tibial spurs very pale and inconspicuous, distributed front leg 1, middle leg 2, hind leg 2. Ter- gites 1 to 4 light brown, 5 to 8 white; pygidium broad and bulbously ogival, widest at basal third, hind margin produced centrally to blunt point. Sternites 2 to 4 dark brown, 5 to 9 white; 6 slightly, 7 and 8 abruptly notched in center of hind margins; sternites project laterally considerably beyond corresponding tergites. Aedeagus (pl. 2, figs. 12, a-c) nearly identical with that of P. lewisi but with two differences: the lateral surfaces of the tip of the median lobe and the internal sur- faces of the tips of the lateral lobes are toothed, and the ventrobasal sclerotized margins of the median lobe are expanded into small knobs. Female.—Fully winged; 8.4 by 3.5 mm.; more oval than male. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly blunter than in male, 1.9 by 2.8 mm., lateral margins parallel in basal half, basal margin straight. Elytron 6.5 by 1.8 mm.; antennae 3.0 mm. Coloration as in male except that sternite 5 is partly white. Photogenic organ in median half of sternite 6. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 57317. Distribution.—Belmore Castle, August 9, 1941, type male and 1 female paratype; Stony Hill, August 18, 1941, 1 male paratype; half a mile east of Stony Hill, February 10, 1937 (E. A. Chapin, collector), 1 male paratype. Named for its spotted elytra, unique among known Jamaican lampyrid fireflies. TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 67 PHOTINUS NOTHOIDES, new species PLATE 1, FiGuRE 3; PLATE 2, Figure 14 Field characters —Length 5.5, width 1.8 mm. Pronotum and elytra dark brown with white borders, which coincide in the humeral region to give the impression, not well shown in the photograph, of a continuous border around body. Male.—Pronotum 1.0 by 1.5 mm.; approximately semicircular in front, side margins straight and slightly convergent apically in basal third, hind margin slightly emarginate, hind angles acute; disc marked in basal half with a large, approximately rectangular, homogeneous, dark brown spot, which is produced slightly in the middle of its an- terior margin and surrounded on side and front margins by a white border of about one-sixth pronotal width. Scutellum and mesonotal plates dark brown. Elytron 4.5 by 0.9 mm.; widest at basal sixth, tapering slightly to apical fifth, thence more sharply in both margins to rounded apex; dark brown (darkest at humerus) with lateral white border of about one-fifth elytral width extending to apical sixth, no sutural border. Head width 0.9 mm. Eye length 0.5 mm. Frons width 0.37 mm., dark brown at antennae, black above; slightly con- cave; interocular margins very divergent (about 30°). Maxillary and labial palpi light to medium brown. Antennae 1.7 mm., basal two segments medium brown, rest dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each between once and a half and twice as long as wide. Ventral surface of thorax dark brown; all coxae and femora and the entire hind leg white, tibiae and tarsi of front and middle legs medium brown; claws white; no tibial spurs visible (too small?). Tergites medium to dark brown; pygidium damaged. Sternites 2 to 4 dark brown, 5 partly darkened anteriorly, 6 to 9 white; 5 sinuate, 6 to 8 strongly notched in middle of hind margins. Aedeagus (pl. 2, fig. 14, a-c): lateral lobes white, laterally flattened and internally hollowed basally, truncated apically to sharp posteroventrally directed tips which curve evenly to contact with each other; dorsal internal margins of lateral lobes well separated and with three scallops; median lobe dorsoventrally flattened, expanded to a pair of lateral teeth at about half, then curv- ing steeply dorsoposteriorly to project between the lateral lobes and end dorsal to their apices in a sharp point; infuscate dorsal covering of median lobe medium brown in middle third, otherwise white; median lobe almost entirely membranous ventrally. Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 57318. Distribution.—Catherines Peak, July 25, 1941, type male. Named for its superficial similarity to Photinus nothus Barber. 134129—47—--2 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 PHOTINUS HARVEYI, new species PuaTE 1, Figure 4; Puate 2, Ficure 13 Field characters —Dimensions 4.4 by 1.7 and 4.6 by 1.9 mm. in the two known males. Pronotum semicircular in front margin, white with yellow disc. Elytra considerably broader than pronotum, medium brown with broad lateral and narrow sutural white borders, Male.—Pronotum 0.9 by 1.3 mm.; front margin semicircular, hind margin straight or slightly emarginate, hind angles slightly acute; disc pale yellow or orange, lighter along side and front margins. Scutellum dark brown. Mesonotal plates light brown. Elytron about 3.6 by 0.9 mm.; nearly parallel-sided to apical fourth where taper begins in both margins; medium brown, lateral border white and about one-fifth elytral width, sutural border white and very nar- row; vestiture light, fine, and fairly sparse. Head width 0.83 mm. Eye length 0.5 mm. Frons width 0.27 mm., black, slightly concave; interocular margins slightly divergent. Maxillary palpi medium brown; labial palpi white. Antennae 1.4 mm.; dark brown; seg- ments 6 to 8 each about twice as long as wide. Legs and ventral surface of thorax dark brown; claws light brown; tibial region too small to ascertain spur condition. Tergites 1. to 5 light to medium brown, 6 to 8 white; pygidium ogival, 0.21 by 0.24 mm. Sternites 2 to 4 dark brown, 5 partly infuscate basolaterally, 6 to 9 white; 6 slightly, 7 and 8 moderately notched at centers of hind margins. Aedeagus (pl. 2, fig. 13, a—c) white except for a slight preapical infus- cation of the inner surfaces of the lateral lobes and a strong apical infuscation of the median lobe; lateral lobes slender, flattened later- ally, widely separated from median lobe except at apices, evenly curved, tips slightly expanded dorsally and tilted inward at about 45° so as to overlap slightly the tip of the median lobe, toothed along inner surfaces in apical half; median lobe slender, covered dorsally by an apically black sclerotized plate, which extends posteriorly nearly to apices of lateral lobes and is there expanded laterally in a pair of teeth; ventrobasal part of sclerotized sheath of median lobe expanded laterally into small knobs. Type and paratype.—U.S.N.M. No. 57320. Distribution.—Morces Gap, July 16, 1941, type male; Catherines Peak, July 28, 1941, 1 male paratype. Named for Prof. E. Newton Harvey, of Princeton University. PHOTINUS ELISABETHAE, new species PuaTE 1, Figure 5; Puate 2, Figure 15; Puate 3, Fiaures 21, 32, 33 Field characters—Length 8.0 to 8.5 mm., width about 3.1 mm. Pronotum yellow with dark brown disc. Elytra dark brown with conspicuous white lateral and sutural borders. TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 69 Male.—Pronotum about 1.8 by 2.3 mm.; variable in contour, the lateral margins sometimes subparallel in basal third, sometimes farthest apart at basal third; front margin usually approximately semicircular, but sometimes produced, slightly upturned and sub- angulate; basal margin straight except at hind angles, which are produced slightly backward (pl. 3, fig. 21); disc with central dark brown or black area of irregular shape and variable extent, usually one-half to one-fourth the pronotal width in diameter, and sometimes flanked also by more or less distinct longitudinal dark brown stripes of about the length of the disc and about one-fourth pronotal width in from the lateral margins of the pronotum; central part of disc with broad very shallow transverse depression; disc surrounded on sides and in front by broad, flat, yellow-brown border. Scutellum dark brown anteriorly, usually lighter toward its apex. Mesonotal plates dark brown or black. Elytron about 6.5 by 1.5 mm., dark brown, with lateral whitish border up to one-third elytral width and much narrower pale sutural border, the two vaguely confluent at apex; very slightly broader at basal third, main taper begins at apical fourth and in lateral margin only; vestiture fine, light, and inconspicuous. Head width about 1.45 mm. Eye length 0.9mm. Frons width 0.48 mm., black, slightly concave; interocular margins slightly divergent. Maxillary palpi dark brown, labial palpi dark brown, pale at apices. Antennae 4.0 mm., dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each about three and one-half times aslong as wide. Ventralsurface of thorax, tibiae, and tarsi dark brown, rest of legs lighter; tibiae much flattened; claws light brown; tibial spurs light brown, small and so inconspicuous that their distribu- tion cannot be specified with assurance, although where clear itisfront 1, middle 2, hind 1. Tergites 6 to 8 white, rest infuscate in variable degree; pygidium in shape of broad abruptly truncated triangle, the hind margin being nearly straight (occasionally feebly arcuate) and about two-thirds as wide as the basal margin. Sternites 2 to 4 dark brown, 5 usually so at least anteriorly, 6 to 9 white; 6 slightly, 7 and 8 markedly notched in centers of hind margins (pl. 3, fig. 32) and slightly narrower than corresponding sternites. Aedeagus (pl. 2, fig. 15, a-c) similar to that of P. chapini Barber; almost wholly white; lateral lobes white, laterally compressed, outer margins subparallel to apical third where they converge abruptly and narrow dorsoventrally to sharp points directed posteroventrally; inner margins subparallel and well separated in basal third, then divergent to apical third, thence convergent; median lobe moderately broad, dorsoventrally - flattened, its dorsal sclerotized surface white basally, black apically, curving dorsally from deeply ventral level to top surfaces of lateral lobes, membranous portion projects dorsally therefrom to pointed apex; dorsal sclerotized surface of median lobe is incised at apex by 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 basally pointing V, and reaches to about the apical fifth of the lateral lobes; ventral surface of median lobe membranous. Female.—Dimensions 7.5 to 9.0 mm. by about 3.2mm. Very similar to male. Fully winged and capable of flight. Identification validated by pair taken mating. Sternites 2-6 dark brown except for light organ in median third or quarter of 6 (pl. 3, fig. 33) ;7 occasionally, and 8 usually light brown; hind margins sinuate and sometimes very slightly notched in centers. Tergites all dark brown except for 7 and 8, which may be lighter. Head width 1.16 mm. Eye length 0.6 mm. Frons width 0.50 mm. Tibal spurs same as in male. Type and paratypes —U.S.N.M. No. 57316. Distribution —Catherines Peak (type locality), July 28, 1941, type male and three male and three female paratypes; June 21, 1936, one female paratype; and July 27, 1936, one female paratype; Mossmans Peak, July 31, 1941, one male and two female paratypes. One of the few species in which more females than males were found. Named for my wife, Elisabeth Mast Buck, in appreciation of her constant and extensive assistance in the field and laboratory. Genus DIPHOTUS Barber The most conspicuous difference between Diphotus and Photinus is the restriction of the light organs, in both sexes of the former, to a pair of lateral spots in sternite 8, the usual position of the larval organs in most luminous lampyrids. These are usually small, as in D. masti (pl. 3, fig. 34), but occasionally, as in D. semifuscus Barber, they occupy nearly all the sternite. Other differences between Diphotus and Photinus are the presence, in the former, of pinkish or purplish color in some of the viscera, which may show externally through trans- lucent regions such as the pronotal disc and abdomen, the presence of relatively straight posterior margins on the abdominal sternites (pl. 3, fig. 34), and of relatively larger eyes. In place of the one or two rather conical spurs projecting from just behind the distal rim of the tibia in Photinus, Photuris, and Presbyolampis, diphotids have an even close- set circlet of more slender spurs projecting distally from the extreme distal rim of the tibia (pl. 2, fig. 17). Strictly speaking these are probably modified hairs, rather than derivatives of the type of spur found in Photinus, Photuris, and Presbyolampis. In forms where they are darker than the leg vestiture (e. g., D. montanus, mutschleri, semi- fuscus, bucki, and dahlgreni) they are easily distinguishable from ordinary hairs by their diameters and position, but in forms where both spines and hairs are light colored (e. g., D. ornicollis, darlingtont, and masti) the two are often difficult to distinguish from each other. As already mentioned Diphotus has simple tarsal claws (pl. 3, fig. 29), although, as will be noted later, some species have an additional See ee ees eee tel TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA——-BUCK 71 “thumb” (pl. 3, figs. 30, 35). Aedeagal characters have already been considered, but this additional comment is relevant: Barber, in propos- ing the genus in 1941, designated as genotype D. bucki Barber, a form in which the aedeagus is greatly elongated and similar only to that of D. mast: described below (pl. 3, fig. 26).. However, a survey of aedeagal shapes in known diphotids suggests that there may be com- plete intergradation between the greatly attenuate lateral and median lobes in the two above mentioned species and the short compact structures of Microdiphot cavernarum Barber (pl. 3, fig. 28). Some idea of the size ranges encountered is given by plate 3, figures 26, 27, and 28. DIPHOTUS DAHLGRENI, new species PuateE 1, Ficgure 6; Puate 2, Figure 17; Puate 3, Figure 22 Field characters —Length 7.5, width 3.2 mm.; oval; pronotal disc and elytra medium brown with broad white borders; abdominal sternites and tergites progressively darker to black hind end. Male.—Pronotum 1.9 by 2.4 mm.; front margin semicircular, lateral margins subparallel in basal third, hind margin nearly straight; disc medium to dark brown with wide white border anteriorly and laterally, a narrower one along the hind margin. Scutellum and mesonotal plates dark brown. Elytron 5.6 by 1.6 mm.; widest at middle, lateral margin tapering smoothly in both directions; medium red-brown with white lateral border about one-third the elytral width, no sutural border. Head width 1.6 mm. Eye length 1.0 mm. Frons width 0.5 mm., black, deeply concave; interocular margins subparallel. Maxillary and labial palpi light brown to white. Antennae 3.2 mm., dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each a little more than twice as long as wide. Femora, tarsi, coxae, and ventral surface of thorax light brown, tibiae dark brown; claws medium brown; circlet of about a dozen slender spurs along the distal edge of the tibiae (pl. 2, fig. 17). Tergites grading progressively from light brown tergite 1 to jet black, semicircular pygidium. Sternites progressively darker from light brown (2) to black (7); 8 white, 9 lost, all with hind margins straight except 7 which resembles that of P. immigrans (pl. 2, fig. 20). Aedeagus (pl. 3, fig. 22, a-c) somewhat similar to those of D. unicus Mutschler and D. semifuscus Barber; lateral lobes white, closely apposed dorsally, internally hollowed, tapering posteriorly to slender apices tilted slightly dorsally; at apical fourth each lateral lobe has an anteriorly directed hook or tooth on its ventral surface in contact with the median lobe; median lobe white, cylindrical, lying deeply ventral in its basal two-thirds, constricting suddenly at about the level of the apical third of the lateral lobes to a laterally compressed thin sclerotized vane, which curves dorsally between and just short of the tips of the lateral lobes; 72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 ventral surface of median lobe entirely membranous basal to the constriction. . Type.—U.S.N.M. No. 57321. Distribution.—Belmore Castle, August 9, 1941, male type. Named for Prof. Ulric Dahlgren, of Princeton University. DIPHOTUS DARLINGTONI, new species Puate 1, Figure 7; PLate 3, Figures 23, 27 Field characters —Length 7.5, width 3.0 mm.; markedly constricted laterally between pronotum and elytra; elytra medium brown, disc dark brown, both with whité borders and markedly long pubescence. Male.—Pronotum length 1.8 mm., width 2.3 at half, 2.0 at base; bulbous; apical margin semicircular, basal margin moderately and evenly emarginate, hind angles about 90°; broadly bordered, except at base, in white; disc with dark brown irregular infuscation divided into lateral halves by a lighter, shallow, median sagittal groove; vestiture long and pale. Scutellum medium brown, lighter than elytra are at humeri; mesonotal plates light brown. Elytron 5.8 by 1.5 mm.; widest at basal third, then tapering gradually and evenly in lateral margin only; light brown or white (preservation poor), marked centrally with medium brown vitta, broad at humerus, thinning posteriorly and extending nearly to apex; lateral white border two-fifths elytral width, sutural border considerably narrower and. basally obsolete; vestiture long and pale. Head width 1.7 mm. Eye length 0.9 mm. Frons width 0.5 mm.; black and purple mottled, markedly concave; interocular margins subparallel. Maxillary palpi medium brown. Antennae 3.2 mm., dark brown, segments 6 to 8 each about twice as long as wide and with hairs about as long as width of segment. Ventral surface of thorax medium brown; legs light brown; claws light brown; tibial spurs as in D.dahlgreni but difficult to see. Tergites progressively darker from light brown (1) to dark brown (pygidium); pygidium damaged, but apparently ogival, broadest just before base, with apical margin bordered in medium brown. Sternites increasingly darker from light brown (2) to dark brown (7), though lighter than corresponding tergites; 8 and 9 light brown; all with straight hind margins. Aedeagus (pl. 3, fig. 23, a-c) probably white although pale brown in this poorly preserved specimen; somewhat similar to that of D. mutschleri Barber; lateral lobes slender, parallel-sided, dorso- ventrally flattened, horizontal, apposed to apical fourth where they separate laterally and accommodate apex of median lobe, then come together again at apices nearly to contact; median lobe completely ventral to lateral lobes except at apex, which is a sclerotized, laterally flattened vane, which projects between and slightly above the lateral lobes just short of their apices. TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 73 Type.—Museum of Comparative Zoology No. 26747. Distribution —Port Antonio, January 4 (no year given), F. C. Bowditch collector. Named for Dr. P. J. Darlington, Jr., of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. DIPHOTUS MASTI, new species PuaTe 1, Figure 9; PLate 3, Ficures 26, 30, 34-38 Field characters—Length 8.0, width 3.0 mm. Pronotum with dark brown semicircular disc surrounded by white border. Elytra nearly parallel-sided, light brown with white borders. Abdomen dark brown, increasing to black at apex. Male.—Pronotum 1.8 by 2.3 mm.; front margin semicircular, lateral margins in one specimen subparallel in basal third, in the other con- verging slightly at base; hind margin straight except at hind angles which project slightly backward; disc marked with dark brown semicircular spot bisected by vague narrow median sagittal light brown stripe, bordered apically and laterally by a wide, and basally by a narrow white border. Scutellum light brown. Mesonotal plates medium brown. Elytron 6.2 by 1.5 mm., nearly parallel-sided to apical fourth where it tapers sharply, mainly in lateral margin; light to medium brown, darkest at humerus, lateral border white, about one-third of elytral width and confluent at apex with narrower white sutural border. Head width 1.9 mm. Eye length 1.2 mm., projecting beyond pronotum. Frons width 0.5 mm., medium to dark brown, deeply concave; interocular margins parallel or slightly divergent dorsally. Maxillary and labial palpi white. Antennae 4.0 mm.; dark brown with basal segment light brown; segments 6 to 8 each four times as long as wide, and somewhat flattened. Legs and ventral surface of thorax light brown; claws medium brown, simple but with expanded basal plate or ‘“‘thumb”’ inside the anterior claws of the front legs (pl. 3, figs. 30, 35) as in D. bucki Barber and to a less extent in D. unicus Mutschler and D. ornicollis Barber; circlet of inconspicuous spurs along distal rim of each tibia. Tergites in- creasingly dark from medium brown (1) to pygidium, which is brown bordered black, very large, ogival to blunt, with slight rounded projec- tion from middle of hind margin; 7 and 8 broader than corresponding sternites. Sternites increasingly dark from medium brown (2) to black (7); 8 and 9 pale with medium brown apical borders; 9 greatly elongated and with dark recurved hooks and large muscles on internal surface (pl. 3, figs. 36-38) as in D. bucki Barber, suggesting its use as aN accessory in mating. Aedeagus (pl. 3, fig. 26, a-c) identical in shape, structure, and size with that of D. bucki Barber; lateral lobes extremely long and slender, apposed dorsally except briefly at apical 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 fourth where they separate enough to allow the slender, pointed dorsally directed apex of the median lobe to fit between their tips in a socket formed by ventrally directed teeth, one on the internal ventral margin of the tip of each of the lateral lobes; median lobe flared ventro- basally to nearly the combined widths of the lateral lobes, tapering quickly apically to very slender tip, dorsally curved; median lobe sclerotized ‘only laterally and dorsally, except for small rectangular piece imbedded separately in its ventrobasal membranous area. Type and paratype.—U.S.N.M. No. 57322. Distribution.—Cornpuss Gap, July 25, 1941, type male and one paratype male, latter from spider’s web. Named for Prof. S. O. Mast, of Johns Hopkins University. Genus MICRODIPHOT Barber This genus was erected by Barber originally to accommodate M. cavernarum Barber, a form apparently closely allied to Diphotus in aedeagal structure and position of photogenic organs, but differing in its minute size, its laterally compressed cylindrical shape, its sinuate elytra, and its pronotum bluntly arcuate in both anterior and poste- rior margins. M. barberi, described below, agrees with the genotype in all the mentioned particulars, thus strengthening the generic segre- gation of these forms. In addition, as described later, M. barber has a flat frons, and a tibial spur pattern different from all other Jamaican lampyrid genera, agreeing in both these respects also with M. caver- narum. . MICRODIPHOT BARBERI, new species PuatE 1, Figure 8; PuatE 2, Fiaurss 18, 19; Puate 3, Figure 24 Field characters —Dimensions ranging from 4.6 by 1.0 to 5.3 by 1.1 mm. Body very slender and nearly cylindrical; elytra and most of abdomen black; pronotum widest at middle and arcuate both in front and hind margins, yellow to pink. Male.—Pronotum 0.9 by 0.9 mm.; nearly flat; widest at middle, tapering equally to front and rear and resembling that of Microdiphot cavernarum Barber; apical and basal margins bluntly arcuate, hind angles obtuse; predominantly glistening yellow with irregular pinkish mottling, apical sixth dark brown; narrow deep groove with a prom- inent row of small indentations close to lateral and apical margins; narrow median sagittal groove to apical fifth. Scutellum flat, elongate, rectangular, light yellow, and sometimes with shallow median sagittal groove. Mesonotal plates white with dark brown borders. Elytron 3.7 to 4.3 mm. long; black or very dark brown, with narrow, white lateral and sutural borders; widest at humerus (0.5 mm.), tapering to 0.4 to 0.45 at basal fourth, then parallel-sided to apical fifth where final taper begins, mainly in lateral margin; elytra slightly sinuate so TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 75 that they are not in contact from about half to apices, which are apposed, dull, soft, and turned downward in pinned specimens; vesti- ture fine, dense, and black. Head width 0.73 mm. Eye length 0.32 mm., protruding slightly beyond anterior margin of pronotum. Frons width 0.29 mm., medium to dark brown, flat, interocular margins parallel to slightly divergent. Maxillary palpi light to medium brown, labials a little lighter. Antennae 2.5 mm.; dark brown, with markedly conical segments of which the terminal and sometimes subterminal ones are light brown; segments 6 to 8 each roughly twice as long as wide. Coxae, trochanters, femora, and ventral surface of thorax light brown, tibiae and tarsi medium brown; tibiae with a circlet of about a dozen short robust spurs on their distal ends and others on their outer surfaces (pl. 2, figs. 18, 19); claws medium brown. Tergites increasingly darker from light brown (1) to black (pygidium) ; pygid- ium broad, ogival, abruptly truncated, with apical margin slightly emarginate and about two-thirds the length of the basal margin; 7 and pygidium wider than the underlying sternites. Sternites increasingly darker from light brown (2) to dark brown (7); 8 white and truncated; 9 white with very slight posterior darkening; 7 slightly emarginate, 8 slightly notched at middle of hind margin. Aedeagus (pl. 3, fig. 24, a-c) wholly white; lateral lobes parallel-sided in apical two-thirds and tightly apposed dorsally except where diverging slightly near apex to accommodate the laterally compressed apex of the median lobe; lateral margins of lateral lobes converging abruptly at apical fifth to blunt tips directed posteroventrally ; median lobe cylindrical to apical third where it is laterally compressed to blade, which projects dorsally between lateral lobes; each lateral lobe armed with a recurved hook at apical third on ventral internal margin. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 57319. Distribution.—Morces Gap (type locality), July 16, 1941, type male and five paratype males. It is a pleasure to dedicate this attractive species to H. S. Barber, of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. PRESBYOLAMPIS, new genus This name is proposed for the species below described, the male of which differs from all other known Jamaican lampyrids in the dis- tinctive structure of its aedeagus, in the fact that both tarsal claws on each foot are cleft (neither is cleft in Photinus and Diphotus, one is in Photuris), in the shape of the pronotum, and in a number of other characters. In the bifurcation of the claws and possibly in its aedeagal structure this new form resembles one I collected at Ceiba, Honduras, in August 1941. This latter form, Mr. Barber informs me, is probably Photuris amoena Gorham, 1880, described from Guatemala. Both 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 Mr. Barber and I, however, are agreed that neither of these forms belongs in Photuris, and Mr. Barber further thinks, on comparing them with samples of Bicellonycha Motschulsky, 1853, in the col- lection of the National Museum, that neither belongs there, although the cleft claws are a feature of the original description of Bicellonycha. Moreover, there is considerable doubt whether the genonym Bicel- lonycha is available anyway, because its originally designated genotype, Lampyris albilatera Gyllenhal, 1817, is believed by Mr. Barber to be properly assigned to the genus at present called Photinus. Type of genus: Presbyolampis immigrans, new species, described below. For the time being I am leaving open the question of whether the new Jamaican form and the Honduran one are congeneric, but there is sufficient resemblance to open up interesting speculations on the possible position of Presbyolampis as a descendant of ancient waif mi- grants from the Central American mainland across water gaps, as argued by Darlington (1938). PRESBYOLAMPIS IMMIGRANS, new species PuaTE 1, Figure 10; Puats 2, Figure 20; Piare 3, Figure 25, 31 Field characters —Length 8.0 to 8.5 mm., width 3.5. Both tarsal claws of each foot bifid; photogenic organs occupying only median half to third of abdominal sternites 6 and 7; sternite 8 with long slender point projecting posteriorly from middle of posterior margin; pronotum conspicuously short; elytra uniform dark brown to black. Male.—Pronotum about 1.6 by 2.7 mm.; front margin blunt, but in two out of three specimens is produced at center to obtuse peak; side margins subparallel in basal half; hind margin sinuous, with hind angles produced posteriorly to conspicuous acuteness (60°); margins slightly uptilted at sides, markedly so in front; disc black, lateral borders white, apical border light brown; surface glistening and roughly pebbled; vestiture fine, dark, and very sparse. Scutellum dark brown centrally, light brown at margins. Mesonotal plates black. Elytron about 6.6 by 1.6 mm., uniform dark brown except for very narrow lateral white border and even narrower sutural one; parallel-sided to apical third where taper begins, mainly in lateral margin; surface as in pronotum. Head width 1.75 mm. Eye oval, 1.1 by 0.9 mm. and projecting from beneath pronotum. Frons width 0.6 mm.; very concave; medium to dark brown, then suddenly black dorsally; interocular margins very divergent (30°). Maxillary and labial palpi ight brown to white and of similar subconical shape. Antennae 2.8 mm.; medium brown; segments 6 to 8 each two and one-half times as long as wide, with rather long vestiture. Tibiae, TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK y tarsi, and ventral surface of thorax medium brown, coxae and femora white, tibiae thinner and more cylindrical than typical in Photinus and Diphotus; both claws of all feet bifid, with the inner of the two points shorter than the outer (pl. 3, fig. 31); tibial spurs light brown, distributed front 2, middle 2, hind 2. Tergites 1 to 6 medium brown, 7 and pygidium white laterally; pygidium ogival. Sternites 2 to 5 medium brown, 6 and 7 white except for medium brown anterior border of 6; 8 and 9 with some light brown areas; hind margins of 6. and 7 only very feebly emarginate, that of 8 prolonged medially to a slender point, closely applied to and overlapping the slender 9 (pl. 2, fig. 20); photogenic organs as in no other known male Jamaican firefly (except P. lucernula Barber), confined to central half or third of abdominal sternites 6 and 7 (pl. 2, fig. 20, O, cross-lined). Aedeagus. (pl. 3, fig. 25, a-c) very different from that of any other known Jamaican firefly; wholly white; lateral lobes forming broad, dorso- ventrally flattened, horizontal, thin, warped blades nearly meeting in median sagittal line and concealing the median lobe almost entirely, curving ventrally along lateral margins and tapering gradually to sharply pointed apices which are directed posteroventrally and pro- vided with a few long chaetae; median lobe emerges from basal folded membranous collar as roughly cylindrical membranous mass, appar- ently with ventral functional opening, and bends dorsally near its apex to a point below the tips of the lateral lobes. Type and paratypes.—U.S.N.M. No. 57315. Distribution.—Morces Gap, July 16, 1941, type male and two para- type males. LITERATURE CITED BarseEr, H. §. 1941. Species of fireflies in Jamaica (Coleoptera, Lampyridae). Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci., vol. 8, pp. 1-13. Buck, Joun B. 1942. Problems in the distribution and light organ structure of Jamaican lampyrid fireflies. Yearb. Amer. Philos. Soc. 1942, pp. 124-129. Daruineton, P. J., Jr. 1938. The origin of the fauna of the Greater Antilles, with discussion of dis- persal of animals over water and through the air. Quart. Rev. Biol., vol. 13, pp. 274-300. MutTscHiEer, ANDREW J. 1923. Notes on West Indian Lampyridae and Cantharidae (Coleoptera) with descriptions of new forms. Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 63, 9 pp. SHarp, D., and Murr, F. 1912. The comparative anatomy of the male genital tube in Coleoptera. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, vol. 60, pp. 477-642. — TorRE-BuENO, J. R. DE LA. 1937. A glossary of entomology, 336 pp., 9 pls. Brooklyn Entomological Society. EXPLANATION OF PLATES Puate 1 Dorsal Views {In trimming the photographs the legs, which ordinarily project laterally beyond the elytra, were removed. In some specimens the abdomens were removed for study, and this accounts for the lightness of the area between the elytra. A few regions have been retouched slightly to restore contrast. The whitish specks on some of the elytra (e. g., fig. 10) are highlights.] 1, Photinus lewisi; 2, Photinus pardalis; 3, Photinus nothoides; 4, Photinus har- veyi; 5, Photinus elisabethae; 6, Diphotus dahlgreni; 7, Diphotus darlingtoni; 8, Microdiphot barberi; 9, Diphotus masti; 10, Presbyolampis immigrans. PLATE 2 Detailed Structure [Figures in a, b, c series represent dorsal, left lateral, and ventral views, respec- tively, of a single aedeagus, with the basal or anterior end upward. Mag- nification is not uniform but can be judged from the scale lines included, which are all 0.5 mm. In fig. 20 (and also figs. 32-34 of pl. 3) the relative widths of the sternites are not shown accurately because the camera lucida does not take account of their varying curvatures, which become fore- shortened.] 11, Aedeagus of Photinus lewisi, new species (LL=lateral lobe, ML=median lobe, B=basal piece); 12, aedeagus of Photinus pardalis, new species (IS= internal sac); 13, aedeagus of Photinus harveyi, new species; 14, aedeagus of Photinus nothoides, new species; 15, aedeagus of Photinus elisabethae, new species; 16, inside or ventral surface of tibia of hind leg of Presbyolam- pis immigrans, new genus and species (7J=tibia, TA=most proximal tarsal segment, S=spur; same labels apply to figs. 17-19); 17, ventral surface of tibia of left middle leg of Diphotus dahlgreni, new species, show- ing spurs (same magnification as fig. 16); 18, ventral surface of tibia of left middle leg of Microdiphot barberi, new species, showing spurs (magni- fication same as fig. 13); 19, front view of leg shown in fig. 18 showing how spurs are distributed along outer surface of tibia; 20, ventral view of posterior part of abdomen of male of Presbyolampis immigrans showing photogenic organs (O, cross-lined) on sternites 6 and 7, posterior projection of sternite 8, and pygidium (P). PLATE 3 Detailed Structure {See note under Plate 2] 21, Part of pronotum (PR) and elytra (EL) of Photinus elisabethae, new species, showing the mesonotal plates (MP) and their relation to the scutellum (SC); 22, aedeagus of Diphotus dahlgreni, new species; 23, aedeagus of Diphotus darlingtoni, new species; 24, aedeagus of Microdiphot barberi, new species; 25, aedeagus of Presbyolampis immigrans, new genus and species; 26, aedeagus of Diphotus masti, new species; 27, aedeagus of Diphotus darlingtoni reproduced to same scale as that of D. masti (fig. 26) to show the enormous absolute size difference possible in diphotids of about the same over-all size; 28, aedeagus of 78 TEN NEW FIREFLIES FROM JAMAICA—BUCK 79 Microdiphot cavernarum Barber, the smallest known Jamaican firefly (3.5 mm.), reproduced to same scale as figs. 26 and 27 to illustrate the extremes in known aedeagal absolute size and the fact that fireflies differing greatly in body size may differ less in aedeagal size; 29, claws of Photinus elisabethae illustrating the usual type in Photinus and Diphotus (this and the other claw drawings same magnification as fig. 13) ; 30, claws of left front leg of Diphotus masti, new species, showing enlarged plate or “thumb” (7), which points diagonally downward and is here foreshortened (see fig. 35); 31, claws of Presbyolampis immigrans showing bifid structure; 32, ventral view of part of abdomen of male of Photinus elisabethae showing position of photogenic organs (OQ, cross-lined); 33, ventral view of part of abdomen of female of Photinus elisabethae showing position of photogenic organ (O, cross-lined); 34, ventral view of part of abdomen of Diphotus mastt showing position of photogenic organs (QO, cross-lined) ; 35, side view of left front claw of Diphotus masti showing “thumb’’; 36, dorsal surface of posterior end of sternite 9 of Diphotus masti showing recurved hooks (same magnification as fig. 37); 37, side view of sternite shown in figs. 36 and 38; 38, dorsal view of inner surface of sternite 9 of Diphotus masti showing recurved hooks at apex, its greatly elongated shape, and the muscles (m) attached at both ends. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 4 TOY ey af aine, iinet ep een Creates 16 erate) a) Dastabsopler yaa o Sinat 1 nainobda Yo A Na {ods | beaten i heull-saot 0) saayie aera nye ‘a ‘i ~ colsinog gatrode aodtadusrh syst oN: 10° ov to. uccobsdle to dang Aeowere, Bnygdor 28:4 adtieabw: OV Shang iste P a 28 ;thoniieseora O) atinyr0 sioegotodae noitigog aeiwods | slong 6 . scabies Inevob OC “dans” eat Ione aslodai Io wale ne al et ontae) edoorl havior uriwoda Sinan! awiqel to @ sitertete to bao * jac het GS 748 bas OF eaft ai owods ntiaueta lo wails obid TE (8 zi aati f, beviyst. autyoda. ans psodgich io, @ tina to, Hp mh i ; oa hydanyie. {avt) aoloassert, rH bas ogee belay: wie ylitens. » ‘< re dnt tiehy fi wo worm ~lo ie. FAA0> Bia Cay SSF pea aS a . - ; “ KYA , sf ahiver gaauc sae ae oe Lin eee ‘ ae rs 2 yng (take aeAuwurt of 2el> ver ss re eed rr, wile! tb he } {2 me pens = thigrad Jake Re ¥ 9 ¥ 4 | FANSNOF he TUN OF 4 ert . a Y Toren Vey ee 1 ae { el * % ¥ ‘ aa = 2 & I .- - as me an 3 bs tad coer er fy : ; ‘tei i tyetes ae pa i iy ait itt at ie ‘ ¢ \uogten LN SMC Hrm, YA A kus apie. {mi t x “4 -" at hl ?- _ Be a1 ot ee + < . B : —< Me > pe; - : ke ; ‘ es ad . - re , , * ? ee A ag ay ar | BO CHE it F or Xthit titme. Of ge + et iy} ‘ ‘ : pene hit ‘ot piiuoken cf pale of Cveebpoiei ger. ' erie aw - ’ ‘ > eo, ye ee 41 : 110 At tart mi 4 4.% sina ie» i ' ay ; es | H : yk rt : pu s O85 it. a. - = i“) % ous Soe ee ee - A J eee co eee oo: qi Pha iacd Sor etteiee o_o Cee a eos i : ; : a! ma? Opto, es dow Phe ‘ we er ey | wae Pate woe. = Kate Oe pete? at Por WR prasctans (Pi) sad e@ytre (25) of Mentaus oftemvewing, tin Bont as Shows, thinsoeisneth) pages (ALP: wad. c>etk: natty to te moto a ee ae pid? s* martinersta : of WER SF Jah; AS, Se’ ees OA. FR ‘s ng Dik Sa Sut aghiel. Det wether, 24. nelke Oh DF sea il FOR he tie : os oor 7 BY » ees Oe ; a Sree OF.) ee hae es, oo 5 ee apatites; 20, ar ‘tee he Tapeh bf ck" aes. “nae” Be iar Si, ier wy ou eee Pag aypaet te, ole as 2 Re elias sooke wa Apt et De vant, Ghee, 24s er poe ae eran chon Milton hog youn tle a BSiphordty ot Giro: 4534 (aye, 4S latins’ sh #8 | a —) See (aoeNe onrtuas tHIRNASYOD 6 0 wea Late a, a 32> + e was r - a nae © * » PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 PLATE 1 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ‘84 39Wd AAS ALY1d JO NOILYNW1dxa HO4 WIIVWYT WOYS S3I1S3YIiI4 AGIYAdWY7] MAN N&L U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 PLATE 2 & = ne N ELAS. ie / \ 34 el A a i 2 \ BY \R 4 DETAILED STRUCTURE OF NEW JAMAICAN LAMPYRID FIREFLIES. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGE 78. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 PLATE 3 DETAILED STRUCTURE OF NEW JAMAICAN LAMPYRID FIREFLIES. FOR EXPLANATION OF PLATE SEE PAGES 78-79. PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued 1 oa We Ne © ; \ <“ | CcG AP HON Oe SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1947 No. 3211 A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF DEEP-SEA FISH OF THE FAMILY MYCTOPHIDAE FROM THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS By Rozsert R. MILer Tue depths of the oceans have yielded forms of life that have long been of interest to biologists and that have fascinated scientists and laymen alike. A great variety of deep-sea fishes has been described, many of them grotesque in form and provided with highly specialized organs that adapt them for life in utter darkness. Our knowledge of a considerable number of these fishes is based only on single speci- mens, and quite often these were imperfect. Hence the precise systematic position of some genera, and even families, is not uncom- monly in doubt (Chapman, 1939, p. 508; Parr, 1945, p. 127; Myers, 1946). The novelty about to be described was collected by the Albatross during 1908-1909, on her Philippine cruise, and is based upon 31 specimens of graded sizes, a number of which are nearly perfectly preserved. This fortunate circumstance has permitted a far more complete description than is usually possible with deep-sea forms. Although taken nearly three-fourths of a mile beneath the surface, this fish shows few adaptations for abyssal life. SOLIVOMER, new genus Genotype.—Solivomer arenidens, new species. Diagnosis.—Body elongate, moderately compressed, broadly oval in cross section, widest across head, deepest just behind occiput, from which it tapers gradually to caudal fin. Scales on body large (41 %34131—47 B1 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 or 42 in lateral line), ctenoid, apparently covering the head also, where at least some (and perhaps most or all) of them are cycloid; those in lateral line conspicuously deeper than surrounding scales. Dorsal fin higher than long, none of the rays produced, its origin a little nearer tip of snout than caudal base and almost directly over insertion of pelvics. Origin of adipose over that of anal fin, its free margin slightly fimbriate. Anal higher than long, its origin a little more than 114 times nearer caudal base than insertion of pelvics. Pectorals lateral, inserted low (much nearer belly than lateral line), with narrow basis, the middle rays long and slender. Pelvics abdominal, 8-rayed. Caudal fin well developed, moderately forked, free from anal. No photophores. Air bladder present. Pseudobranchiae rudi- mentary. Anus just before anal fin. Maxillary extending beyond eye a distance about equal to diameter of eye, greatly dilated posteriorly, slipping under preorbital ante- riorly ; provided with a single slender supplementary maxillary, about one-third length of maxillary. Premaxillary long, slender, forming entire outer margin of upper jaw. Dentary broadest at symphysis, tapering gradually posteriorly. Teeth finely granular, covering inner and outer surfaces of both jaws (except at the symphyses) so that they are clearly visible when the mouth is closed. Vomer angular, not indented at apex where it ‘is widest, covered by finely granular teeth (fig. 2) ; same kind of teeth on the long, slender, tapering palatines and on the rounded entop- terygoids. Tongue small, toothless, bound-down at the tip, with finely granular teeth on the long, narrow basihyal. Branchiostegals usually 10 (9 on the right side in 2, 11 on the left side in 1, out of 29 specimens counted), slender, curved, becoming progressively more flattened from lowermost to uppermost. Gill membranes attached far forward, free from isthmus. Gull rakers on first arch rather long, slender, denticulate; those on succeeding arches shorter and spinulate at their tips. Mesethmoid with a low, median ridge. Palatine with anterior end attached to vomer by a ligament, with a process directed upward and outward that overlaps the proximal end of the maxillary and is supported by a lateral projection of the mesethmoid. Parasphenoid extending upward to the frontals between the lateral ethmoids (Regan, 1911, pp. 121, 128). The technical characters of Solivomer agree closely enough with those used to delimit the family Myctophidae (Regan, 1911; Parr, 1928; Bolin, 1939) that I refer it to that group of fishes. The lack of specializations, such as photophores, and the general normal ap- pearance of the new genus suggest that it is a primitive form low in the evolutionary line along which the myctophids have advanced A NEW DEEP-SEA FISH FROM THE PHILIPPINES—MILLER 83 "TAY ‘WV ‘SJ Aq uaeiq §*(sadAzeied woz) ofeds our-jesoqe] & qs ‘uonnuep aUNepEd JoUeIUL PUL SULIOWIOA Jo YDI9Hs “BJor] :syasuy *YyIBue] prepurys ul ‘wu 077 “(6Z68E1 “ON "W'N'S'A) e442 0/077 :setoads pus snuad Mou ‘suapiussy saumoayog—z aunor4J e- s 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 (Gregory and Conrad, 1936, fig. 4, p. 31). Among known iniomids it appears to be most closely related to Veoscopelus Johnson (1863, p. 9, pl. 7) and Scopelengys Alcock (1890, p. 302), differing promi- nently from both by the continuous vomerine dentition—whence the generic name, Solivomer, meaning single vomer. Its relationships are discussed in greater detail under the specific description that follows. SOLIVOMER ARENIDENS, new species FIGURE 2 Holotype.—vU. §. N. M. No. 138929, a specimen 220 mm. in standard length, collected by the Albatross in the Philippines, 9 miles off San Ricardo Point, Panaon Island, between Leyte and Mindanao Islands; lat. 10° N., long. 125°06’45”" E., July 31, 1909, at a depth of 772 fathoms. Original tin-tag No. 9168, dredge haul 5488. Paratypes.—Thirty specimens collected by the Albatross as fol- lows: 3, U.S.N.M. No. 135927, 11.2 miles off San Ricardo Point, Panaon Island, between Leyte and Mindanao Islands, lat. 10°02’45’’ N., long. 125°05’33’" E., July 31, 1909, 732 fathoms; 9, U.S.N.M. No. 135928, bearing the same data as the holotype; 1, U.S.N.M. No. 135929, 19.3 miles off Diuata Point, lat. 9°24’ N., long. 125°19’ E., August 1, 1909, 736 fathoms; 3, U.S.N.M. No. 135930, 15.2 miles off Diuata Point, lat. 9°12’45’’ N., long. 125°20’ E., August 1, 1909, 735 fathoms; 4, U.S.N.M. No 135931, 4.2 miles off Diuata Point, lat. 9°06’30’" N., long. 125°18’40”" E., August 2, 1909, 678 fathoms; 1, U.S.N.M. No. 135932, 9.4 miles off Diuata Point, lat. 9°06’30’’ N., long., 125°00’20’" E., August 2, 1909, 976 fathoms; 4, U.S.N.M. No. 135933, 18.4 miles off Balicasag Island, between Siquigor and Bohol Islands, lat. 9°19’45’’ N., long. 123°45’30”” E., August 11, 1909, 805 fathoms; 1, U.S.N.M. No. 135934, 24.6 miles off Camp Overton Light, from the vicinity of northern Mindanao Island, lat. 8°34’48’’ N., long. 124°01’24’’ E., August 8, 1909, depth not recorded; 1, U.S.N.M. No. 135935, Sogud Bay, southern Leyte Island, 55 miles off Limasana Island, lat. 9°58’ N., long. 125°07’40”" E., April 10, 1908, 775 fathoms; 3, U.S.N.M. No. 135419, 19.5 miles off 30th of June Island, vicinity of eastern Palawan Island, lat. 9°13’00’’ N., long. 118°51/15” E., April 3, 1909, 1,105 fathoms. Diagnosis—A myctophid without photophores, with normal eyes, with large scales (41 or 42 in lateral line) which are ctenoid on body, cycloid on head; maxillary greatly expanded posteriorly; vomerine teeth in a single patch; all of the teeth granular. 1 Since the beam trawl used by the Albatross did not have a closing device, the precise depth of capture is not known. A NEW DEEP-SEA FISH FROM THE PHILIPPINES—MILLER 85 Description.—The following description is based largely on a care- ful examination of the 31 types. The form and coloration are por- trayed in figure 2, and measurements are given in table 1. Fin rays: Dorsal fin with 1 to 3 rudimentary rays followed by 10 or 11 rays (the last regarded as split to the base), making a total of 12 to 14 rays, 9 or 10 of which are branched. Anal fin also with 1 to 3 rudimentary rays followed by 7 to 9 rays, making a total of 9 to 11 rays, of which 6 to 8 are branched. Pectoral rays 14 to 16, preponder- antly 15, 11 to 18 of these rays branched; the usual formula is 11, 12, i, where the lower-case Roman numerals denote unbranched rays and the uppermost rays of the fin are written first. The lowermost un- branched ray is branched in about 16 percent of the specimens and rarely there are 2 unbranched rays in the lower part of the fin, as there are invariably in the upper part. The determination of branching in the pectoral rays requires close examination, for the slender rays often do not branch until the very tip is reached. Pelvic rays invariably 8-8, with a small splint attached to the base of the first (unbranched) ray in each fin, Principal caudal rays (branched rays plus 2 unbranched rays) 19, rarely 18. Scales: The only accurate scale count I was able to make was of the lateral-line scales, which were 41 in 10 specimens and 42 in 15. The first scale counted was the first one lying across the lateral line, and the last one recorded was at the structural base of the caudal fin. The description of a scale from the left side of the body removed from just below the lateral line and perpendicular to the origin of the pelvic fin follows. This scale is roughly rectangular, about 114 times deeper than long, and shield-shaped at the base (unexposed) ; it is denticulate over all or nearly all the exposed (posterior) margin, which is evenly rounded. The focus is very near the free margin. The circuli are numerous, regularly spaced, very fine and close-set. The lateral-line scale lying above and very slightly anterior to the scale just de- scribed is nearly twice as deep as long and 114 times deeper, but no longer, than the scale below it. The middle part of the exposed margin has a broad notch (see fig. 2), and, because of the longer ex- posed edge, there are more ctenii than on the scale below; these ctenii are also noticeably stronger. The base of the lateral line scale is only very weakly shield-shaped. Otherwise this scale is like the one de- scribed above. A lateral-line scale from near the middle of the body is Shown in figure 2. It is not so deep as those placed more anteriorly along the lateral line. Branchiostegals: The branchiostegal formula, left side given first, varied as follows (number of specimens in parentheses) : 11-10 (1), 10-10 (26), 10-9 (2). The counts for two specimens were too ques- tionable to be recorded here. Gill rakers: The gill rakers on the first gill arch of the right side 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 were counted on 20 specimens. There were 4 or, usually, 5 rakers on the upper limb, 13 or 14 on the lower limb, and 1 at the angle of the arch, making a total of 18 to 20, usually 19 or 20. A detailed description of the detention of Solivomer, as well as of certain osteological and other characters, has already been given under the generic diagnosis. The following proportional measurements with precision dividers were made on 10 specimens grading in size (standard length) from 98to270mm. Instandard length: Greatest depth of body 4.15 to 4.55 head length 2.8 to 3.05; caudal peduncle length 5.9 to 6.7. In head length: Head depth 1.45 to 1.6; head width 2.2 to 2.4; snout 4.1 to 4.4; eye 6.0 to 7.0; width of bony interorbital 4.5-5.1; maxillary length 1.55 to 1.75; mandible length 1.5 to 1.6; least depth of caudal peduncle 5.25 to 4.0; “length of Pectosal fin 1.3 id 1.55; length of pelvic fin 1.7 to 92 postorbital length 1.55 to 1.65; lent of depressed dorsal fin 1.3 to 1.45; length of depressed anal fil 2.05 to 2.35. Greatest width of maxillary 1.1 to about 1.4, usually 1.1 or 1.2, in diameter of eye. Origin of dorsal fin nearer snout than caudal base by a distance vary- ing between the diameter of the eye to the diameter of the orbit. Origin of anal fin much nearer caudal base than insertion of pelvics by a distance varying between the snout length to about one-half the length of the maxillary (as measured anteriorly to the tip of the premaxillary). The general coloration of the new genus, after 37 or 38 years in preservation, is a rather uniform brown except for the opercular mem- brane which is brownish black in many specimens. Many of the scale centers are light yellow or yellow-brown and the scale margins are dark brown. The basal portions of all the fins, particularly along the interradial membranes of the dorsal and anal fins, are dark brown. This type of pigmentation extends outward a considerable distance on the caudal fin, fading distally. Similar dark-brown pigment oc- curs between the anterior and posterior bony rims of the preopercle and along the lower margins of the mandibles. Around the orbits of several specimens are delicate, irregular narrow lines of dark pig- ment usually nearly vertical with the body axis. The same type of lines are found on the top of the head, running obliquely away from the midline on each side. Comparisons and relationships —Solivomer differs from all other known genera of the Myctophidae, except Scopelengys, in lacking photophores. That monotypic genus, though known only from a few specimens, also lacks these organs. At first sight the resemblances between Solivomer and Scopelengys are very striking. The general body form, oblique mouth, wide of gape, general shape and position of fins, slender supramaxillary, extent of dentition, and rudimentary pseudobranchiae are remarkably alike in the two genera. The sharp A NEW DEEP-SEA FISH FROM THE PHILIPPINES—MILLER 87 difference in the nature of the teeth, granular in Solivomer and villi- form in Scopelengys, and in particular the very different vomerine dentition—in a continuous, angular patch in Solivomer (fig. 2) in contrast to two separate patches in Scopelengys—clearly indicate generic separation. Regan (1911, pp. 125, 128) used the general vomerine dentition (teeth in two well-separated patches) as a family character for both the Sudidae and Myctophidae, but Parr (1928, p- 16) found that Notosudis has more or less continuous vomerine teeth, and Bolin (1939, p. 118) noted a similar condition in the myctophid Hygophum. Chapman (1939, pp. 520, 523) has described similar dentition in Sudis sqguamosa and Lestidium (or Bathysudis) parri. In addition to these sharp differences Solivomer differs further from Scopelengys in having (1) ctenoid rather than cycloid body scales; (2) 10 rather than 8 branchiostegals; (3) the anal fin farther back, so that the origin of the adipose fin lies over the origin, rather than over the last rays, of the anal fin; (4) principal dorsal rays 10 or 11 rather than 11 or 12; (5) principal anal rays 7 to 9 rather than 11 to 13; (6) eyes normal rather than reduced; (7) mouth less oblique; and (8) preorbital narrower. Just as this paper was finished, a specimen of Scopelengys tristis was discovered by chance while moving some jars of unidentified fishes in the National Museum. The retention of three scales on this fish gives us, as far as I am aware, the first information on the squamation of Scopelengys. The best-preserved scale is embedded and lies along the midline of the right side of the body, just anterior to the origin of the anal fin. It is cycloid, oval, deeper than long, and lacks radii. The greatest length is about 6.2 mm., the greatest width approximately 4.2 mm., and the focus is far away from the scale center—apparently near the exposed end of the scale, as in Solivomer. The circuli are widely spaced near the center, showing typically rapid initial growth, but are regularly spaced from there to the scale margin, thus indicating uniform water temperature which is to be expected at great depths. Two other scales, loosely attached, are similar in structure and general form to the one just described but differ in shape as do scales from different parts of the body. One, the largest, lies near the dorsal base on the right side of the body; the other, much smaller, lies near the anal base on the left side of the body. From the size of these scales and the retention of most of the scale pockets, it is possible to estimate that this specimen of Scopelengys had about 82 scales along the lateral line. Thus the scales are larger than in Solivomer, which has more than 40 along the lateral line. The standard length of this specimen is about 135 mm. It bears U.S.N.M. No. 132459 and represents an extension in the known range of the genus. The precise location of 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 capture is in doubt, however, for there were two loose labels in the jar containing this fish. It was collected by the Albatross on November 19 or 22, 1904, at either station 4669 or 4675. Both of these stations lie off Callao, Peru,? station 4669 at latitude 12°13’ S., longitude 80°25’ W., and station 4675 at latitude 12°54’ S., longitude 78°33’ W. The known range of the genus Scopelengys may now be stated as the Arabian Sea and the Pacific coast of Mexico, Central America, and South America. Norman (1939, p. 28) recently recorded new material from the Arabian Sea. Parr (1928, pp. 47-48) divided the Myctophidae into three subfami- lies, Scopelenginae, Neoscopelinae, and Myctophinae, principally on the basis of the presence or absence of photophores and their arrange- ment when present. Following this system, Solivomer would fall into the Scopelenginae, but as the new genus obviously forms an inde- pendent line it is possible that it should be placed in a separate sub- family. The continuous vomerine dentition, as well as the granular nature of the teeth, could be used to justify subfamily ranking. For similar reasons, Parr (1928, p. 16) regarded Notosudis of the Sudidae as comprising a distinct subfamily. Without further study, however, particularly of the osteology of the genera of myctophid fishes, I hesitate to add another subfamily to the list. Solivomer combines a number of primitive or generalized features with some specialized ones, which suggests that it is close to, but not in direct line with, the basic type from which the Myctophidae may have evolved. Gregory and Conrad (1936, fig. 4, p. 31) chose Veoscopelus to represent the primitive myctophid and I agree that this genus is a generalized representative. It differs most conspicuously from both Solivomer and Scopelengys in possessing photophores in the belly region (and also under the free tip of the tongue), and in the follow- ing features it appears to be somewhat more specialized than Solivo- mer: (1) vomerine teeth in two broadly connected patches—a char- acter that appears to have been generally overlooked, for these teeth, when present in the Myctophidae, are generally described as being in two well-separated patches; and (2) 9 rather than 10 branchiostegals. Probably all three of these genera, Solivomer, Scopelengys, and Neo- scopelus, represent offshoots from the base stem of the Myctophidae, with Solivomer and Neoscopelus nearer the generalized stock than Scopelengys. One-eyed specimen.—Of the 31 specimens of Solivomer arenidens available to me, all except one are normal-eyed. One adult paratype, ?The possibility that the specimen was taken in the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska seems remote but should be mentioned. A third label in the jar, loosely but definitely wrapped in paper with some other fishes, reads “Dr. 4749 Aug. 29, 05 Albatross.” This locality is at lat. 55°33’ N., long. 131°51'48’’ W. A NEW DEEP-SEA FISH FROM THE PHILIPPINES—-MILLER 89 U.S.N.M. No. 185935, 225 mm. in standard length, has a fully devel- oped right eye but the left eye is atrophied. The left orbit is developed but is completely closed over by skin and scales to form a concave pocket through which no part of the eye is visible. Otherwise, this fish appears to be perfectly normal. Range.—The new genus is so far known only from the material listed herein (see sections on “Holotype” and “Paratypes”), all of which came from various islands in the Philippines. Etymology.—tThe specific name arenidens, meaning “sand tooth,” refers to the sandpaperlike dentition. Solivomer refers to the single patch of vomerine teeth. Acknowledgments.—In working out certain osteological charac- ters of Solivomer I received the generous assistance of Dr. Leonard P. Schultz. Dr. Carl L. Hubbs kindly suggested the generic and specific names, TaBLe 1.—Measurements of Solivomer arenidens expressed in thousandths of the standard length Character psa Paratypes Standard length, mm_.______- 220 282 | 251 243 230 210 178 | 165 144 | 103 97 Dorsal origin to tip of snout.-| 479 | 476 | 480 478 | 476 | 480] 483 | 490 484 | 473 | 484 Tip of snout to pectoral base _| 349 | 204 | 332 348 | 334] 345] 352 | 345 341 | 343 | 335 Tip of snout to pelvic origin_.| 491 | 467 | 462 494 | 466 | 483] 482 | 482 464 | 461 | 451 Tip of snout to adipose origin_| 789 | 789 | 783 790 | 791 | 798] 784 | 776 805 | 776 | 799 Tip of snout to anal origin._._| 820 | 787 | 811 807 | 804] 790] 803 | 812 790 | 769 | 770 Anal origin to caudal base...-| 219 | 227 | 229 223 | 233 | 229] 232 | 224 225 | 243 | 237 Body, greatest depth_-_.-_.._- 238 | 247 | 229 241 | 229} 229] 226 | 213 225 | 219 | 216 Depth at dorsal origin... __- 228 | 246 | 211 221 | 217 | 218} 199 | 207 213 | 186 | 184 Greatest width. _2.2.-.-..2- 117 (| 118 °| 123 117 | 1138?) 114} 121?) 115 1217} 957? | 95? Dorsal to pelvic origins. _____- 219 | 225 | 205 209} 209) 211 194 | 202 213 | 184 | 176 Dorsal to anal origins___..___- 373 | 378=-] 355+] 355 | 356 | 347] 350 | 345 365 | 357 | 349 Mead leneihe es Le eet 348 | 343 343 352 | 341 343 | 338 | 342+] 339 | 338 | 334 Wopttiee tte hs ha se 209 | 204 211 212 | 200 196 | 211 | 201 213 | 215 | 207 RV CLE ieee. tow APPAR _ ehte 2 133 134 143 137 132 127 149 | 129 149 | 136 134 Caudal peduncle, length. ____- 155 | 167 | 168 160 |} 163] 168 | 166 | 162 155 | 171 | 164 iLesstidepthys ok... 106 | 105 | 102 107 | 103?) 100?) 937) 101 97 | 82? | 77 Interorbital, least bony pata kA ea NE oe eee eee 65 72 76 70 66 71 66 | 64 70} 70 69 Snoatyleneine-.. 28. 2 79 76 77 79 81 79 79 | 81 82] 82 79 Orpinieneih 22 ee 64 61 62 60 61 64 64 | 66 64 | 66 65 ve enebne osc eco ee eos 50 46 54 50 51?| 54 ?| 56 57?| 57 57 Maxillary, length._........._- 206 | 200 | 199 209; 199 | 204] 210 | 206 209 | 209 | 213 Mandible, length._...._.____- 211 200 | 207 213 205 |} 210 218 | 211 218 | 214 215 Dorsal, depressed length_____- 247 | 245 | 250 232 | 233?| 233 | 2388 | 232 hg 232 Basalilong titi?! 22) re. 128 133 129 132 133 133 132?| 130 125 | 126 128 Anal, depressed length. _____- 155 157 157 150 149?| 152 Ne 4 (oe 172 | 140 155 IBRSOLIGNE LM cece eu. 68 64 63 67 71 66 66 | 66 75 | 66 72 Adipose, depressed length_.._| 86 87 78 81 78 85 91} 85 86 | 78 75 Baral leneth. 2. 22s 24 35 27 23 25 24 35 24 21 31 28+ Pectoral, length..._...=....-2 2138+] 236 | 233 207?} 2057} 207?) 245 | 229 SUP eee Ast Pelvie;length..=.2..-.......- 191 | 189 | 197 174 | 177?| 172} 190 | 188 184 | 145--] 136? LITERATURE CITED ALcocK, ALFRED WILLIAM. 1880. Natural history notes from H. M. Indian marine survey steamer Investigator, Commander R. F. Hoskyn, R. N., commanding—No. 18. On the bathybial fishes of the Arabian Sea, obtained during the season 1889-90. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 6, pp. 295-811. Bouin, Rotr Line. 1939, A review of the myctophid fishes of the Pacific coast of the United States and Lower California. Stanford Ichth, Bull., vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 89-156, figs. 1-29. CHAPMAN, WILBERT McL&op. 1939. Eleven new species and three new oceanic fishes collected by the Inter- national Fisheries Commission from the Northeastern Pacific. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 86, pp. 501-542, figs. 58-70. TREGORY, WILLIAM Kine, and Conran, G. MILES. 1936. Pictorial phylogenies of deep sea Isospondyli and Iniomi. Copeia, 1936, No. 1, pp. 21-36, figs. 1-4. JOHNSON, JAMES YATE, 1868. Descriptions of five new species of fishes obtained at Madeira. Proe. Zool. Soe. London, 1863, pp. 1-11, pl. 7. MYERS, GEORGE SPRAGUE. 1946. On a recently proposed new family of deep-sea fishes (Barbourisiidae, Parr, 1945). Copeia, 1946, No. 1, pp. 41-42. NORMAN, JOHN RoxBRovuGH. 1939. Fishes. Sci. Reports John Murray Bxped., London, vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1-116, figs. 1-41. PARR, ALBERT EIDE. 1928. Deepsea fishes of the order Iniomi from the waters around the Bahama and Bermuda Islands with annotated keys to the Sudidae, Myctophidae, Scopelarchidae, Evermannellidae, Omosudidae, Ceto- mimidae and Rondeletidae of the World. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Coll., vol. 3, art 8, pp. 1-193, figs. 1-43. 1945. Barbourisidae, a new family of deep-sea fishes. Copeia, 1945, No. 3, pp. 127-129, pl. 1. REGAN, CHARLES TATE. 1911. The anatomy and classification of the teleostean fishes of the order Iniomi. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 7, pp. 120-133, figs. 1-8. 90 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1947 No. 3212 A REVIEW OF THE LARVAEVORID FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI WITH THE SETULOSE FIRST VEIN (R,) By Maurice T. James In sprre of the fact that certain of them are actually or potentially important parasites of agricultural pests, the tachina flies of the tribe Leskiini have been neglected by taxonomists. No comprehensive treatment of the species has ever been published.” The writer had un- dertaken a study of the genera and species of the New World, but, seeing that its completion would require more time than he had at his disposal, he decided to limit it to the group here under discussion, namely, to those genera in which the first vein (R,) is setulose to or practically to the apex. So far as known, no Old World genus pos- sesses this character. Townsend, after keying out on another basis a genus which does not concern us, uses the setulose first vein as the first major division of his tribe Leskiini. In this section he places seven genera, of which six, including two that I am reducing to synonymy, form a closely related complex. The seventh genus, Spathipalpus Rondani, is probably not a leskiine; at any rate, its relationship to the other six is quite distant. Since Townsend has placed it in this tribe, I am including it in the generic key, though omitting it from the body of the work. The terminology used in this paper is basically that used by Town- send; some modifications are made for the purpose of increased clar- ity. All measurements were made by a micrometer scale; in some eases these differ radically from those stated in the original descrip- 1 Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936. 91 734132—47——_1 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 tions, thus demonstrating the fallacy of making measurements by eye. In measuring the haustellum I have taken only its corneous portion ; the membranous parts sometimes extend its length slightly, but to measure them would mean the unnecessary addition of a variable element. This study has been made chiefly on the basis of material in the United States National Museum. Iam however, indebted also to the following individuals and institutions for the loan of small, though valuable, collections: Dr. H. J. Reinhard, Texas Agricultural Experi- ment Station; A. R. Brooks, Division of Entomology, Ottawa, On- tario; and Dr. C. H. Curran, American Museum of Natural History. As limited above, this complex of genera will trace with relative ease through Townsend’s? complicated keys to the families and tribes of Oestroidea. In the family key the genera * will run to couplet 47, page 12; in the key to the tribes of Dexiidae, they run to couplet 4, page 27. The characters which, according to Townsend’s Manual, may be con- sidered diagnostic of the group under consideration, may, therefore, be summarized as follows: Head not swollen. Cheeks distinct, at least one-eighth eye length. Antennal arista thin, with short to medium pubescence. Epistoma of moderate width, slightly to moderately warped forward, distinctly shorter than clypeus. Proboscis once geniculated; corneous part of haustellum at least half head height, slender, often bowed or curved, set with scattered to rather dense, erect, short setulae. Frontal bristles moderately strong, at least one on each side placed below base of an- tenna; hind reclinate, frontoorbitals not closely approximated to the verticals; ocellars present though sometimes weak, proclinate, divari- cate. Prosternum ‘and propleura bare; tympanic ridge bare; thorax without plumose hairs. Pteropleural bristle shorter than the sterno- pleurals. Abdomen 4-segmented, ovate, not “wasplike”; tergites cov- ering ventral membrane and larger parts of sternites. In addition to the above, this group of genera may be characterized as follows: Form moderately slender. Head from lateral view trape- zoidal, its length at oral margin at least 0.8, sometimes equal to, that at base of antennae; front gently sloping, flat to moderately convex, its length equal to or slightly less than that of face; clypeus not or but slightly depressed, 1.25 to 1.50 as high as its maximum width, with- out a facial carina; parafacials bare, two to three times as wide at base of antennae as at narrowest point; vibrissae strong, each surrounded ? Manual of myiology, pt. 3, 1936. ° Proleskiomima, in which the prosternum is provided with hairs and bristles, is an excep- tion ; it will trace to couplet 33, page 10. *See footnote 8. FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 93 by a few setulae, rarely by several short bristles; facials otherwise bare. Eyes bare or practically so. First segment of antenna short, erect; second moderately long; third 2 to 3.5 times as long as second ; arista with both basal segments short, the third slender, somewhat thickened basally, with moderately dense short hair to tip. Posto- cellar bristles small, one-fourth to one-third length of inner verticals, the latter strong; usually two, sometimes three or four, gnathoorbitals. Transverse suture distinct, crossing mesonotum at or somewhat before middle. Presutural acrosticals present or absent; one post- sutural (prescutellar) acrostical; two or three presutural dorsocen- trals; three postsutural dorsocentrals; no posthumeral; usually one preintraalar, the hind one, when present, being weak; three (rarely two) postintraalars; one, sometimes two, presupraalars; three post- supraalars, the middle one especially strong; intrapostalar absent or extremely weak; two postalars, the hind one especially strong; nor- mally three sternopleurals. Wing 0.40 to 0.45 as wide as long; cell R; narrowly open or rarely short-petiolate, ending not more than length of cross vein r-m from wing tip; vein R, with setulae extending to its apex, or at most with one or two apical setulae missing; vein R; setulose approximately to cross vein r-m, the setulae ending sometimes slightly before, sometimes slightly beyond that point; stem vein (base of radius, or the remigium or Townsend’s terminology) bare; vein R; bowed down apically; cubitulus gently rounded and without a stump; apical section of Cu, short; cross vein r-m half to three-fifths the distance - from r-m to the cubitulus, Abdomen short; ovate; first segment with a pair of lateral bristles, with or without a pair of median marginals; second segment with one or more pairs of laterals; third and fourth each with a marginal row; no discals on any segment. Male genitalia small, anal forceps broad basally, with a narrowly tapered slender point; both anterior and posterior claspers present; aedeagus short and rather slender. In coloration the species conform to a fairly uniform pattern. The body is either actually predominantly yellow or apparently so as a result of the dense pollinosity which obscures the areas of black back- ground on the head and thorax. Each half of the mesonotum has two longitudinal vittae formed from brownish to black pollen; the inner one, located between the dorsocentral and acrostical rows, is narrow, from one to three times as wide as the diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle; it is not interrupted at the suture and may reach the anterior margin of the mesonotum; the outer and much broader one, located between the dorsocentral and intraalar rows, is distinctly separated by pale-pollinose areas from both the anterior and the pos- terior margin of the mesonotum, and is broadly interrupted at the suture. The abdomen is yellow in background, with black markings. 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 KEY TO THE GENERA 1. Palpus approximately as long as third antennal segment and extending beyond oral margin, if at all, by a distance not greater than length of second antennal segment; vertex at least one-third head width___-_____-__--_---_------- 2 Palpus usually 1.3 to 2 times length of third antennal segment and extending beyond oral margin by a distance usually twice or more the length of second antennal segment; if palpus is but little longer than third antennal segment, vertex less‘than one-fifth’ head“ widthlueet 2220. 22 See ee ee 4 2. Prosternum bare; frontalia approximately as wide as a parafrontal; lateral postscutellar plates bare; tergites mainly shining dorsally________--_-_- 3 Prosternum bristled at sides; frontalia approximately width of combined para- frontals; each lateral postscutellar plate with a tuft of setulae; tergites MOMmMOse dOLSaIly —2e +o. sees See ee ee ae 1. Proleskiomima 8. Haustellum cylindrical, not noticeably constricted on apical half, at most three-fourths head height; outer verticals prominent; male without pro- clinate frontoorbitals and with elongated tarsal claws___--_-_ 2. Leskiella Haustellum strongly constricted on approximately penultimate fourth, at least almost head height; outer verticals absent or indistinguishable from postocular setulae; males and females alike with two proclinate frontoor- bitals and with short tarsal 'clawsi22 3222222 Swe ees 3. Leskiomima 4. Costal spine strong; front noticeably flattened ; three proclinate frontoorbitals ; three frontals below antennal bases_____---_---_-_---_--~~ Spathipalpus Costal spine rudimentary; front at least slightly convex; at most 2 proclinate frontoorbitals, except as an abnormal condition; one or two frontals below LATENT ACS on Sn en te a Sees ae Te ee ee 5 5. Vertex about one-third head width, that of male slightly narrower than that of female; male and female alike with two proclinate frontocrbitals and WMS Ob. Cla Wass aa fe NE 8 4. Dejeaniopalpus Vertex not more than two-sevenths, usually one-fourth to one-sixth head width, and much narrower in male than in female; male without frontoorbitals and WinlhiGioncated Clawss sess cena. a eee ee eee 5. Genea 1. Genus PROLESKIOMIMA Townsend Proleskiomima TowNSEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 4, pp. 395-396, 1934; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936; pt. 9, pp. 234-235, 1939. Female (male unknown).—Head 0.6 as long and 1.25 as wide as high. Front flat in profile; vertex 0.4 head width; frontalia broad, about twice maximum width of a parafrontal; epistoma in clypeal plane; parafacial at base of antenna fully three times as wide as at narrowest part; facials approximately in clypeal plane, each with a few very short setulae and two or three short bristles near vibrissa; cheek 0.2 eye height. Haustellum in type specimen partly withdrawn, but apparently about half head height; straight, cylindrical, becoming somewhat smaller in diameter toward apex; labella small; palpus spatulate, slightly bowed, approximately as long as third antennal segment, with two or three outstanding setulae near apex below. Third antennal segment three times as long as second. Lateral postscutellar plates each with a tuft of short black hairs between halter and base of FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 95 squama, Hind tarsus two-thirds as long as its tibia. Cell R; narrowly open; vein R, with setulae approximately evenly spaced and extending to its apex. Chaetotaxy.—Postocellars slightly divergent; outer verticals strong, 0.8 as long as inner verticals; ocellars weak; two proclinate and two reclinate frontoorbitals, almost in a line with the frontals; two strong frontals, anterior one below base of antennae. Three feebly developed, yet distinct, presutural acrosticals; three presutural dorsocentrals; two humerals; two lateroscutellars; no apicoscutellars; one disco-’ scutellar placed far back and approaching position of an apicoscutellar ; two small bristles and several fine hairs in a pteropleural tuft; two hypopleurals; two small bristles and several hairs laterally on the prosternum. Second abdominal segment with strong median mar- ginals. PROLESKIOMIMA FRONTALIS Townsend Proleskionvima frontalis TOWNSEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 4, p. 396, 1934. Length, 5.5 mm. Head with ground color of parafrontals and of occiput above level of lower eye margins black, of frontalia orange, otherwise yellow; densely covered with pollen which is for the most part whitish, that of frontalia, however, golden, and that of vertex and upperpart of occiput brownish yellow; parafrontals with scattered black hairs ending opposite anterior frontals; a few minute black setu- lae around each vibrissa. Antenna yellow, third segment brownish; second segment at apex above and third on upper surface with black setulae. Palpus with a few black hairs below, otherwise with short black setulae. Proboscis brownish, labella yellow, erect hairs of haustellum black, those of labella brownish. Postocular hairs black above, whitish on lower third; occipital vestiture, except a few hairs on each side above, whitish. Ground color of mesonotum and scutellum blackish, of pleura yel- lowish, becoming brownish on pteropleura and metapleura; pollen whitish on pleura, becoming light golden on mesopleura and ptero- pleura, and brownish yellow on mesonotum; mesonotal vittae broad, the inner in width two to three times diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Coxae and trochanters yellow; hind femur and tibia yellow, becoming brownish apically; hind tarsus blackish, the segments becoming yellow toward their apices. Hairs of mesonotum, scutellum, coxae, and hing legs black, moderately dense ; those of pleura of same color, but sparse. Wing lightly infuscated ; squamae whitish ; halteres yellow. Abdomen mainly reddish yellow; segment 1 narrowly brownish toward median line dorsally ; segments 2 to 4 largely blackish in ground color on dorsal surface of tergites, second and third each with a broad 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 reddish-yellow basal triangle on each side, fourth broadly reddish yellow laterally ; abdomen with dense yellowish pollen forming a some- what tessellated pattern but not, however, obscuring the background. Holotype—Female, Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, June 1, U.S.N.M. No. 57287. The description is based on the type, the only specimen known to me. It is in good condition except that one antenna and the artista of the other one are missing, and the legs, except one hind one, are broken off beyond the trochanters. Townsend described the arista as “long as antenna and micro pubescent” and the legs as “fulvous, tarsi dark.” 2. LESKIELLA, new genus Front moderately convex; width of frontalia at middle subequal to or a little less than that of a parafrontal; vertex one-third head width in female, two-sevenths in male; epistoma slightly warped; parafacial twice as wide at base of antennae as at narrowest point; cheek one- fourth to one-third eye height. Haustellum 0.60 to 0.75 head height, straight, cylindrical, and approximately of equal diameter throughout, none of its setulae arising from pigmented pores; labella small; palpus bowed, subequal to third antennal segment in length in the female but shorter in the male, with one or two outstanding setulae ventrally at about three-fourths its length. Third antennal segment 3 to 3.5 as long as second; aristal hairs approximately equal in length to basal diameter of arista. Lateral postscutellar plates bare. Tarsi some- what longer than tibiae; claws in female short, in male longer than fourth or fifth tarsal segment. Wing with cell R; narrowly open; vein R, with setulae approximately evenly spaced and extending not quite to tip, usually one or two of the apical setulae missing. Chaetotaxy.—Postocellars not decussate; outer verticals clearly dif- ferentiated, more prominent in the female, one-half to one-third length of inner verticals; ocellars moderately strong, two proclinate and one small reclinate frontoorbitals in the female, no proclinate and one small reclinate frontoorbital in the male; six to eight frontals, the anterior two small, the first distinctly below, the second slightly below and almost level with, the antennal bases, the first sometimes duplicated. Presutural acrosticals absent or one or two pairs moderately developed and distant from suture; 2 presutural dorsocentrals; hind preintraalar wanting; two, rarely, three, humerals; two postalars; usually three lateroscutellars, the intermediate pair set close to the hind one, usually weak but distinctly stronger than surrounding hairs, the hind pair convergent but not decussate; one discoscutellar; no apicoscutellars; one moderately small pteropleural; four or five hypopleurals. No median marginals on first and second abdominal segments. Genotype —Leskiella brevirostris, new species. FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES Q7 LESKIELLA BREVIROSTRIS, new species FIGURE 3, b Length, 4 to 6 mm. Occiput on upper third or half black; head otherwise yellow in ground color. Pollen of frontalia yellow, scat- tered, showing best from front view; that of parafrontals yellow; that of rest of head whitish with a yellowish tinge. Parafrontals bare or with a few scattered fine black hairs; a few black setulae of varying size around each vibrissa. Antenna yellow, the third segment with an ny oes Wye, ss “ATTA a enn eeEA ENTE NN ANTE Figure 3.—a, Leskiomima tenera (Wiedemann), wing; b, Lesktella brevirostris, new species, head, lateral view; c, Leskiomima tenera (Wiedemann), head, lateral view. orange cast basally, largely infuscated on apical half or more, the infuscation extending almost to the arista dorsally, darker and more extensive from an inner than from an outer aspect; first segment dorsally and second segment dorsally and apically with a few black hairs; arista yellow, becoming somewhat infuscated on apical half or 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 less; hairs concolorous. Proboscis yellow; haustellum on apical third and labella reddish yellow; erect hairs of haustellum and labella black with some yellow intermixed. -Palpus, aside from the preapical setu- lae, with some fine black hairs ventrally and with scattered short, sharp setulae. Occipital vestiture black on upper fourth, otherwise soft, yellow. Thorax dull black in ground color, except humeri, sides of mesono- tum, scutellum, propleura, upperparts of mesopleura, and other pleural areas of varying extent along the sutures, which are yellow; pollen whitish on pleura and sternum, yellowish dorsally, on humeri, and just above notopleural suture; inner mesonotal vitta about as wide as diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Pile of mesonotum, scutellum, and upper part of humerus black; that of extreme sides of mesonotum, lower part of humerus, and pleura yellowish. Legs yel- low, the tarsi infuscated and becoming distinctly black at approxi- mately middle of basitarsus; coxae whitish pollinose, legs otherwise without pollen; pile black. Abdomen yellow, usually becoming or- ange-tinted on third and fourth segments; third and fourth tergites each with a small black spot on each side posteriorly ; sometimes similar spots may occur in a like position on the second and in a median posi- tion on any segment; pollen sparse and barely disernible, none of it showing dorsally; pile black, except on ventral surface of first tergite, where it is fine and yellowish. Types.—Holotype, male, Atlanta, Ga., July 9, 1941 (P. W. Fattig), U.S.N.M. No. 57288. Allotype, female, Harriman, Tenn., July 27, 1933 (H.G. Butler). Paratypes:1 male, Atlanta, Ga., July 10, 1941 (Fat- tig); 3 females, Harriman, Tenn., July 30, July 31, and August 2, 1933 (Butler) ; 1 female, No. 1800, North Carolina; 1 male, Staunton, Va., May 25, 1916 (J. Silver) ; 1 male, Clemson College, S. C., August 7,1931 (J. E. Webb) ; 1 male, College Park, Md., July 26, 1918, “from L. molesta”; 1 male, Vienna, Va., October 29, 1913 (R. A. Cushman), reared from codling moth, Quaintance No. 7983 [all U. S. N. M.1; 1 female, Carbondale, Il., August 18, 1927 (Chandler), “?parasite of codling moth” [Canad. Nat. Coll.1; 1 female, Belleair, Fla. (Mrs. A. T. Slosson), Acc. 26226 [Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.]. The known hosts are Grapholitha molesta (Busck) and Carpo- capsa pomonella (Linnaeus). 3. Genus LESKIOMIMA Brauer and Bergenstamm Leskiomima Braver and BERGENSTAMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 58, p. 372, 1891; vol. 60, p. 133, 1893.—CoqurLtertT, U. S. Dept., Agr., Div. Ent., Tech. Bull. 7, p. 67, 1897.—Townsenp, Rey. Mus. Paulista, vol. 15, p. 211, 1926; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936; pt. 9, pp. 224-225, 1939. (Genotype, Stomozrys tenera Wiedemann, monobasic. ) Lesciomima Brauer and BergeENsTAMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien., vol. 58, p. 872, 1891 (lapsus). FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 99 Front slightly convex; vertex a little more than one-third head width, not significantly different in the two sexes; width of frontalia slightly less than that of a parafrontal; epistoma in clypeal plane; parafacial twice as wide at base of antennae as at narrowest point; cheek one-fourth to one-third eye height. Haustellum at least almost head height, very slightly bowed, cylindrical on basal half, then gently constricted and gradually enlarging again toward apex, on apical half pigmented and with setulae arising from pigmented pores; labella small; palpus bowed, approximately as long as third antennal segment, spatulate, longer and much more strongly swollen in female than in male. Third antennal segment 2.5 to 3 times as long as second; hairs of arista one to two times as long as its basal diameter. Lateral postscutellar plates bare. Tarsi somewhat longer than tibiae; claws in both sexes short. Cell R; narrowly open to very short-petiolate; vein R, setulose to apex, setulae on stigmatic section shorter and more closely set than elsewhere. Chaetotawy.—Postocellars not decussate; outer verticals indistin- guishable from postocular setulae; ocellars moderately strong; two proclinate and two reclinate frontoorbitals in both sexes, the hind bristle of each series usually distinctly shorter than the fore one; four to six frontals, the anterior two small, the first distinctly below, the second slightly below but almost level with bases of antennae, the first rarely duplicated. Two presutuaral acrosticals, well- developed and distant from suture; three presutural dorsocentrals; three humerals; two postalars; two lateroscutellars, the hind pair not decussate; 1 moderately small pteropleural; three to six hypo- pleurals. Prosternum bare. Median marginals absent from first abdominal segment and rarely present on second, Coloration and vestiture-—Head yellow in ground color except upper third to half of lateral occipital plates, which is blackish. Frontalia with scattered pollen showing only from certain angles; head otherwise with dense whitish to yellowish pollen. Parafrontals with a few scattered fine black hairs; a few setulae of varying size around each vibrissa; occiput with black setulae on upper fourth, with softer yellow hairs below. Antenna yellow; third segment with an orange cast basally but infuscated on a large part of its area, the infuscation darker and more extensive from an outer than from an inner aspect. Proboscis yellow, apical third to half of haustellum and the labella brownish; erect hairs of haustellum rather dense, short, one-third to one-half as long as diameter of haustellum; labella with a few scattered black and yellow hairs. Palpi yellow, with scat- tered short, spinelike black setulae above and a few fine black hairs and one or more preapical setulae below. Thorax dull black in background, except humeri, propleura, and certain other pleural areas, which are yellow; each inner mesonotal 734132472 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 vitta about as wide as the diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle; mesonotum except laterally, upper part of humerus, and scutellum black setulose, thorax otherwise with softer yellow hairs. Squamae and halteres yellow. Legs mainly yellow; tarsi, however, either entirely black or infuscated apically and appearing black under low magnification by virtue of the density of their black setulae; coxae whitish pollinose, legs otherwise without pollen; coxae mainly and posteroventral surface of middle and hind femora on basal part yellowish pilose, legs otherwise with black setulae. Abdomen yellow, usually orange-tinged or infuscated on apical . seoments, and more or less marked with black, blackish, or brown; third and fourth tergites white-pollinose at base ventrally and later- ally, this pollen showing from dorsal aspect at least as small posterior triangles laterally on the segments; ventral portions of first tergite with soft yellow pile, abdomen otherwise with rather dense black setulae. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LESKIOMIMA 1. Haustellum 1 to 1.25 times head height; one pair of discoscutellars® and ATCO er FOL COS CUNEO LS a se cc ae ee al 2 Haustellum 1.5 times head height; no discoscutellars; one pair of small parallel ‘apreoscutellars. 2 Ses See Tee es eee ete australis Townsend 2. Black ground color of thorax extended to include sides of mesonotum and base of scutellum; pollen of head and thorax entirely whitish to cinereous cinerea, new species Sides of mesonotum and entire scutellum yellow in ground color; parafrontals and mesonotum with yellow pollen_-___-------__-_-- tenera (Wiedemann) LESKIOMIMA AUSTRALIS Townsend Leskiomima australis TowNsEND, Rev. Chilena Hist. Nat., vol. 32, p. 368, 1928; Manual of myiology, pt. 9, p. 225, 1939. : Male.—Length, 6 mm. Lateral occipital plates blackish on upper third; pollen of head mainly whitish, becoming yellow on parafron- tals, upper third of occipital orbits and lateral occipital plates, area surrounding cheek groove, and narrow inner margin of parafacial. Infuscated area of third antennal segment reaching almost to base dorsally and to basal third ventrally; first segment of arista yellow, second and base of third infuscated, the third otherwise yellow on its basal third to half, beyond that black; hairs of arista concolorous. Haustellum about 1.5 times head height. Palpus below with one longer seta near apex and one at beginning of apical fourth. Five frontals. Thorax with humeri, scutellum, sides of mesonotum, propleura, up- per parts of mesopleura, and other pleural areas of varying extent 5In rare instances the discoscutellars are set back rather far and may be confused with apicoscutellars. FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 101 along suture, yellow in background; tarsi yellowish basally. No discoscutellars; 1 apicoscutellar, small, convergent. Abdomen with a broad median vitta, broadly interrupted at bases of segments, extending from apex of segment 1 to middle of segment 4; a pair of large black spots on middle of segment 3 laterally and ap- pearing as triangles from either dorsal or ventral aspect, the entire figure, if integument were spread out in a plane, being diamond- shaped; small brownish connections between lateral markings and median vitta; apex of abdomen beyond these spots brownish yellow, the apical part of the vitta not very clearly apparent. Third and fourth tergites narrowly pollinose at base dorsally as well as ventrally. Holotype.—Male, Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, U.S.N.M. No. 57289. The above description was based on the type, the only specimen of this species which I have seen. In the original description, the type was erroneously stated to be a female; for a possible explanation of this, see discussion under Leskiomima tenera (Wiedemann), page 103. LESKIOMIMA CINEREA, new species Length, 5 mm. Lateral occipital plates blackish on upper half; pollen of head whitish with a slightly yellowish cast, that of para- frontals not noticeably different from that of rest of head. Haustellum 1 to 1.25 times head height. Third segment of antenna with infuscated area, from outer aspect, extending from apex almost to arista dorsally and about halfway ventrally; arista in male entirely black, in female with the first segment and the basal half of the third segment, beyond its thickened portion, yellow; hairs of arista concolorous with back- ground. Palpus pale yellow; one or two stronger ventral setulae near apex and a longer one about one-third distance from the apex. Five frontals. Thorax with humeri, broad apical and lateral margins of scutellum, propleura, and mesopleura immediately below anterior spiracles, yellow; thoracic pollen cinereous. Hind tarsi black. One discoscu- tellar; no apicoscutellars. Abdomen orange-yellow; a subquadrate brownish median spot at apex of segment 1; in the female, this is followed by indefinitely bordered brownish areas forming a median vitta that reaches to apex of segment 3, briefly interrupted at bases of segments, and expanding on segments 2 and 3 into complete posterior margins dorsally; in the male these areas are more reduced and form median triangles on about the apical two-thirds each of segments 2 and 3 and round spate at the bases of the marginal bristles of segment 3. Types.—Holotype, male, Orlando, Fla., January 1930 (D. J. Nichol- son), on L’rechtites fagmnied ales U.S.N.M. No. 57290. Allotype, female, Orlando, Fla., January 15, 1930 (Nicholson), on 7'riphasia trifolia. 102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 LESKIOMIMA TENERA (Wiedemann) FIGURE 3, @, € Stomozys tenera WIEDEMANN, Aussereuropaische zweifliigelige Insekten, vol. 1, p. 251, 1830. Leskiomima tenera (Wiedemann) BRAUER and BERGENSTAMM, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 58, p. 372, 1891; vol. 60, p. 183, 1893.—CoQquILLetTT, U. 8. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., Tech. Bull. 7, p. 67, 1897 (partim).—SmiruH, Rep. New Jersey State Mus. for 1909, p. 777, 1910.—JoHNson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 32, p. 71, 1913; vol. 41, p. 486, 1919.—Brirron, Connecticut State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Bull. 31, p. 191, 1920.—GrrEnr, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 60, p. 21, fig. 42, 1922 (puparium described and illustrated).—GILL, U. S. Dept. Agr. Farmers’ Bull. 1364, p. 23, 1924——A.pricu, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 18, p. 121, 1925.—Jonnson, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Occ. Papers, vol. 7, p. 190, 1925.—Gowpry, Dept. Agr. Jamaica Ent. Bull. 4, pt. 1, p. 81, 1926.— WEST, in Leonard, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Stat. Mem. 101, p. 810, 1928.— ALLEN, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., vol. 22, p. 683, 1929.—Hakrusster, Journ. Agr. Res., vol. 41, p. 367, 1930 (misidentification?).—TowNsEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 90, 1931.—BriMtey, Insects of North Carolina, p. 359, 1988. Leskiomera tenera (Wiedemann) BANKs, Ent. News, vol. 23, p: 110, 1912 (lapsus). Length, 5.5to7.5mm. Lateral occipital plates black on upper third ; pollen of head whitish for the most part, yellowish, however, on para- frontals, upper third of occipital orbits and of occiput, areas surround- ing cheek groove, and inner margin of parafacial. Third antennal segment with infuscated area, from outer aspect, extending from apex almost to arista dorsally and about halfway ventrally; first segment of arista yellow; second and base of third infuscated, the third other- wise yellow on its basal third or half, its apical part black; aristal hairs concolorous with background. Haustellum 1 to 1.25 times head height. Palpus with two or three longer preapical ventral setulae. Four to six frontals. Thorax with humeri, scutellum, sides of mesonotum, propleura, upper parts of mesopleura and other pleural areas of varying extent, yellow in background. Tarsi more or less yellow basally. One dis- coscutellar ; no apicoscutellars. Abdomen with segments 3 and 4 somewhat orange-tinged and with small black spots on sides posteriorly; somewhat similar spots may occur in a like position on segment 3 and in a medioapical position on any tergite. Type.—Female, in the Natural History Museum in Vienna. In the original description, Wiedemann gave no type locality; Aldrich and Townsend, who later examined the type, stated that it bears an elabo- rate capital F in script, “Coll. Winthem” and “Type.” The known geographical distribution of this species extends from Nova Scotia and Quebec to Florida, Illinois, and Texas. It has been recorded in literature from New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecti- cut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, District of FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 103 Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina, Mississippi, and Illinois. Addi- tional records that will extend its range beyond those previously pub- lished are Ohio; Berthierville, Quebec, July 2 to 9, 1940 (L. Daviault) ; Petite Riviére, Nova Scotia, August 9, 1936 (J. McDunnough) ; Char- lotte, Maine, July 12, 1933; Opelousas, La., April 1897; Kerrville, Tex., April 12, 1907; College Station, Tex., April to November (H. J. Reinhard). Records from Jamaica may apply to this or to another species. Curran ® recorded it from British Guiana as Myobia (Leskiomima) tenera Wiedemann, but his statement, “The first vein is bare, the third with two or three bristles basally,” shows clearly that the record is based on a misidentification. Some of the records for states listed above may be based on misidentifications, although all are within the range of the species as indicated by specimens I have examined. Adults have been collected on the flowers of Ceanothus by Banks. Larvae have been reared from the following hosts, all Lepidoptera: Desmia funeralis (Hiibner) at Washington, D. C. (J. F. Strauss) ; Carpocapsa pomonella (Linnaeus) at Carbondale, Ill.; and Acrobasis juglandis (LeBaron) (A. nebulella auctt., not Riley) at Monticello, Fla. (J. B. McGill), and Wiggins, Miss. (Allen, 1929), the latter record, according to Allen, being under circumstances which would cast some doubt upon the host relationship. Haeussler (1930) re- corded it as a parasite of Grapholitha molesta (Busck) , but a specimen in the United States National Museum, upon which this record may have been based, is Leskiella brevirostris James. Both Aldrich and Townsend mistook the males of Leskiella for those of Leskiomima tenera. Aldrich? says of Leskiomima that “the male has long claws and pulvilli, and has no orbitals,” and Townsend * makes use of the same characters in his generic description. This failure to associate the sexes properly may have been responsible for Townsend’s error in describing the male of Leskiomima australis asa female. The male genitalia are small, but are apparent as such even when unspread, 4, Genus DEJEANIOPALPUS Townsend Dejeaniopalpus TowNSEND, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 51, p. 312, 1916; Rev. Mus. Paulista, vol. 15, p. 212, 1927; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936, and pt. 9, pp. 214-215, 1939. (Genotype, Dejeaniopalpus texensis Townsend, monobasic. ) Genea Rondani (partim), ALDRIcH, Ent. News, vol. 35, pp. 210-214, 1924. Dejeaniopsis JOHNSON, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 7, p. 190, 1925 (lapsus). Front moderately convex, vertex about one-third head width, slightly less in the male; frontalia as wide as average width of a parafrontal; * Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 66, p. 508, 1934. 7 Ent. News, vol. 35, p. 211, 1924. § Manual of myiology, pt. 9, pp. 224-225, 1939. 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 epistoma distinctly warped ; cheek 0.22 to 0.30 eye height. Haustellum 0.8 to 1.5 head height; labella small; palpus bowed, spatulate, 1.5 to 1.75 as long as third antennal segment, when in normal position extending one-third to one-half its length beyond oral margin. Third antennal segment two to three times as long as second, its length twice to three times width. Lateral postscutellar plates bare. Tarsi longer than tibiae; claws in both sexes short. Wing with cell R; narrowly open; Ri with setulae to apex, those in the stigmatic section more closely set than elsewhere. Chaetotawy.—Outer verticals well-developed in both sexes; ocellars moderately strong, normally two proclinate frontoorbitals, hind one somewhat the weaker; one strong and sometimes one weak reclinate frontoorbital; five to eight frontals, of which one or two weak ones are located distinctly below and one almost opposite and slightly below, antennal base. Presutural acrosticals sometimes absent, more commonly one or two pairs present and remote from suture; 3 pre- sutural dorsocentrals; hind preintraalar absent or weak; three hu- merals; two lateroscutellars, with sometimes an adventitious third; no apicoscutellars, except abnormally ; discoscutellars absent, or one or two weak pairs present; one short pteropleural; three to five hypo- pleurals; three, rarely two, sternopleurals. Prosternum bare. Coloration and vestiture—Head mainly yellow in ground color. Pollen of frontalia sparse, whitish, distinguishable only from front view; that of head otherwise dense, yellowish above, more or less whitish below. Parafrontalia bare or with a few scattered black hairs; a few black setulae of varying size on facial near vibrissa. First and second antennal segments with short black setulae dorsally and apically. Palpi yellow, clothed with scattered, very short, sharp, black setulae. Thorax black and yellow in ground color, with dense whitish to yellowish pollen; black hairs on dorsum, with black and soft yellow hairs laterally. Squamae and halteres yellow. Legs yellow, tarsi more or less blackish or brown ; coxae with whitish pollen, legs otherwise without pollen. Abdomen black-haired above, with black and soft yellow hairs below. : KEYS TO THE SPECIES OF DEJEANIOPALPUS 1. Haustellum slender, 1.5 times as long as head height; hairs of arista dis- tinctly longer than its maximum diameter___--~ tenuirostris, new species Haustellum moderately robust, not so long as head height; hairs of arista no longer. than’ its Mmaxintum® diameterl22. 022200. st Oe oe eee 2 2. Antenna of moderate size, the third segment being about 0.45 head height; palpus of female swollen; mesopleura yellow in ground color; abdomen largely yellow, the segments with black markings, which are at least nar- rowly isolated from those on adjoining segments; first abdominal segment math median -maroingls. 22. »Se0A eee lk ak Oe ee 3 Antenna rather small, the third segment being about 0.35 head height ; palpus not swollen in either sex ; mesopleura largely black in ground color; abdomen FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 105 with a continuous black vitta running from base to apex, or largely black; first abdominal segment without median marginals; parafacial about twice as wide at base of antenna as at narrowest point___ brasiliensis Townsend 8. Black spots of abdomen small and inconspicuous, the median ones on segments 2 and 3 usually not more than one-third length of respective segment; para- facial almost or quite three times as wide at base of antenna as at narrowest [iy Tr geotle phasis Ruste de 5) 11 [SNe Se ae a eae texensis Townsend Black spots of abdomen conspicuous, the median ones on segments 2 and 3 almost reaching base of respective segment; parafacial about twice as wide at base of antenna as at narrowest point__--_-_ longipalpis (Van der Wulp) DEJEANIOPALPUS TENUIROSTRIS, new species Length, 7 mm. Minimum width of parafacial about two-fifths that at base of antennae. Vertex about two-sevenths head width. Lateral occipital plates blackish on upper two-fifths. Pollen of head yellow on parafrontals, whitish with a yellowish tinge elsewhere; pile of occiput concolorous with background. Antenna yellow; third segment with an orange cast basally, otherwise infuscated, more extensively out- wardly than inwardly, the infuscated area reaching almost to arista dorsally and about halfway to the base ventrally; length of third seg- ment about 0.45 head height, 0.55 length of palpus, and 2.8 length of second; arista yellow, becoming infuscated on its thinner portion, its hairs 1.5 to 2 times its maximum diameter. Proboscis chiefly yellow, apical half of haustellum and labella brownish; haustellum 1.5 head height, slender, attenuated on apical half. Palpus yellow, slender but as thick as the haustellum, with two outstanding apical setulae and one or two ventral ones on apical third; length of palpus about 0.8 head height. One reclinate frontoorbital. Thorax yellow in background, the mesonotum except broad lateral margins and the base of the scutellum, however, blackish ; inner meso- notal vitta about as wide as the trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Two presutural acrosticals; anterior presutural supraalar present but weak; 1 discoscutellar, set well toward apex of scutellum. Tarsi mainly blackish, the bases of the front and middle basitarsi, however, yellowish; hair of coxae and some hair at bases of femora soft, whitish, remaining hair of legs coarse, black. Wing with cross vein r-m oppo- site middle of stigma; part of vein M: beyond cubitulus distant from posterior margin of wing by less than half minimum width of cell Rs. Abdomen yellow, becoming somewhat orange-tinged toward apex; second segment with a rounded black spot medially on apical third and a small black spot at apex on each side; third segment with a tri- angular median black spot on the apical half; third and fourth seg- ments each with a prominent rounded black spot at apex on each side. Pile of first tergite ventrally mostly soft, whitish ; abdomen otherwise clothed with coarse, black hairs. Ventral aspect of tergites with a trace of scattered, whitish pollen. 106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 Holotype—Male, Tapachula, Mexico, August 17-19, 1948 (F. M. Snyder), American Museum of Natural History. DEJEANIOPALPUS BRASILIENSIS Townsend Dejeaniopalpus brasiliensis TowNsEND, Rey. Chilena Hist. Nat., vol. 32, p. 368, 1928. Length, 6.5 to 7.5mm. Head mainly yellow, upper half of occiput, ocellar triangle, and parafrontals above anterior reclinate frontoorbit- als black; pollen yellowish on upper part of occiput and on para- frontals, otherwise whitish ; occiput with black hairs above, soft yellow pile below. Width of parafacial at narrowest point about half that at base of antenna. Antenna largely orange yellow, third segment, however, blackish beyond arista; third segment 2.5 as long as second in male, 2.0 in female, about 0.35 height of head and 0.6 length of palpus; arista yellow on first and second segments, blackish on third, its hairs about as long as its maximum diameter. Proboscis with rostrum brown, haustellum yellow, becoming brown toward apex, and labella brown; haustellum about 0.9 head height, straight, cylindrical, somewhat attenuated on penultimate fourth, with short black erect hairs, labella with one or two long black hairs at apex, otherwise with yellowish hairs. Palpus alike in both sexes, 0.6 as long as height of head, no thicker than haustellum; one or two outstanding setulae near apex ventrally and an especially long one, about twice maximum diam- eter of palpus, at or beyond middle ventrally; a few soft black hairs below at base. Two reclinate frontoorbitals, the posterior one small. Ground color of thorax black, that of humeri, propleura, and scutel- lum except base yellow; pollen yellow on mesonotum and humeri, whit- ish on pleura; ner mesonotal vitta definitely wider than diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Anterior presutural supraalar present but weak; two relatively strong presutural acrosticals; no dis- coscutellars. ‘Tarsi brownish to black; anterior surface of coxae with soft yellow hair, legs otherwise with coarse black hair. Cross vein r-m opposite last fourth of stigma; part of vein M, beyond cubitulus distant from posterior margin by three-fourths or more width of cell R;. Abdomen in the male yellow, somewhat darker on last two segments, with a median black vitta about as wide as distance between hind lateroscutellars or, on intermediate segments, somewhat broader, run- ning from base of first almost to extreme apex of fourth segment; large lateral black spots on segments 3 and 4, a smaller one on segment 2, and brownish indications of one on segment 1; intermediate segments with margins of tergites next to sternites brownish; in the female these markings are expanded so that the median vitta and narrow pos- terior border of segment 1, the dorsal aspect of the following tergites FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 107 except a small area on each side of segment 2 basally, the broad apices of segments 3 and 4 ventrally, and the inner margins, next to the stern- ites, of tergites 2 to 4 ventrally, are black. Bases of segments 2 to 4, dorsally and ventrally, with dense, whitish pollen, the areas broader and more conspicuous in the female; abdomen otherwise shining. No median marginals on segment 1. Types.—Male, Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, November 20, on flowers of Cordia curassavica; female, same locality, September 15, on foliage. The male is here designated the lectotype, U.S.N.M. No. 57291. The description is based on the types. DEJEANIOPALPUS TEXENSIS. Townsend Dejeaniopalpus texensis TOWNSEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 51, p. 312, 1916; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936; pt. 9, p. 214, 1939. Leskiomima tenera (Wiedemann) CoQguiLLeTtT, U. 8S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., Tech. Bull. 7, p. 67, 1897 (partim) (not Wiedemann). Genea texensis (Townsend) ALpricH, Ent. News, vol. 35, pp. 212-213, 1924.— JOHNSON, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Oce. Papers, vol. 7, p. 190, 1925; Biological survey Mount Desert region, I, Insect fauna, p. 199, 1927.—WEsT, in Leonard, Cornell Uniy. Agr. Exp. Stat. Mem. 101, p. 810, 1928.—Procror, Biological survey Mount Desert region, IV, Insect fauna, p. 377, 1938. Length, 4.5 to 7 mm. Parafacial narrow below, minimum width one-third that at base of antenna. Lateral occipital plates blackish on upper two-fifths. Pollen of head yellow on parafrontals, whitish with a yellowish tinge elsewhere; pile of occiput concolorous with background. Antenna yellow; third segment with an orange cast basally, otherwise infuscated, more extensively outwardly than in- wardly, the infuscated area outwardly reaching almost to arista dorsally and about halfway to the base ventrally; length of third seg- ment about 0.45 head height, 0.67 length of palpus, and 2.5 to 3 times length of second; arista yellow, becoming somewhat infuscated on approximately apical half, its hairs concolorous and about as long as its maximum diameter. Proboscis yellow, labella reddish yellow; a few long blackish and yellowish hairs at apex of haustellum and on labella; haustellum about 0.8 head height, straight, cylindrical, some- what attenuated on penultimate fourth. Palpus yellow; three or four outstanding setulae at apex and one or two on ventral surface of apical half; length of palpus 0.65 to 0.70 head height; in the female enlarged on apical three-fifths, with maximum diameter greater than that of haustellum; in the male slightly enlarged, its maximum diameter subequal to that of haustellum. One reclinate frontoorbital. Thorax yellow in background, the mesonotum except broad lateral margins and the base of the scutellum, however, blackish; lower pleural sclerites sometimes darkened in the middle; inner mesonotal vitta about 108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 as wide as the diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Pre- sutural acrosticals absent or one or two weak pairs present; anterior presutural supraalar weak or absent; one or two weak discoscutellars ; scutellum sometimes with adventitious bristles. Tarsi beyond basitar- sus blackish brown; ventral and posteroventral surfaces of femora and anterior surface of coxae with soft yellowish pile; legs otherwise black-haired. Wing with cross vein r-m usually opposite middle of stigma; part of vein M, beyond cubitulus distant from posterior margin of wing by less than half maximum width of cell R;. Abdomen yellow, usually becoming orange-tinged on third and fourth segments; second and third segments medially and usually second to fourth segments laterally each with a small brownish to blackish spot ; abdomen with thin whitish pollen below and none above. A pair of small median marginals on first segment. Pile on ventral surface of first tergite soft, yellow; hair of abdomen otherwise black. Holotype——Female, Texas, U.S.N.M. No. 20039. The known distribution of this species extends from Quebec to Vir- ginia and Texas. It has been recorded in literature from Maine, Ver- mont, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Texas; there are also specimens in the United States National Museum from Maryland and the District of Columbia. I have also seen specimens from Abbotsford, Quebec, July 29 (G. Shewell), Canadian National Collection. This species has been reared from an unidentified leaf roller on Helianthus at Arendtsyille, Pa., August 20, 1927, by S. W. Frost; from “Botys sp.”; and from Desmia funeralis (Hiibner) at Cape Henry, Va., by August Busck, and at Washington, D. C., Quaintance No. 5542. DEJEANIOPALPUS LONGIPALPIS (Van der Wulp), new combination Myobia longipalpis VAN pER WULP, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Diptera, vol. 2, p. 138, 1890. Genea longipalpis (Van der Wulp) ALpRIcH, Ent. News, vol. 30, p. 214, 1924. Until a male can positively be referred to this species, its generic status must remain somewhat uncertain. I have seen only a female, in the United States National Museum, which was determined as this species by both Townsend and Aldrich. It agrees with the original description, so far as that goes, and, though no mention is made of certain essential characters, I assume that the determination is cor- rect. The characters, as nearly as can be judged from the female, are those of Dejeaniopalpus rather than of Genea. The vertex is 0.31 the head width. My description of D. texensis will apply to this specimen, with the exceptions indicated in the key. Types.—Two females, from Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, pre- sumably in the British Museum (Natural History). FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES | 109 The above remarks were based on one female San Rafael, Veracruz, Mexico, March 8 (Townsend). 5. Genus GENEA Rondani Genea RONDANI, Nuovi Ann. Sci. Nat. Bologna, ser. 3, vol. 2, pp. 172-174, 1850.— AwpricH, Ent. News, vol. 25, pp. 210-214, 1924.—Townsrenp, Rev. Mus. Paulista, vol. 15, p. 212, 1927; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1986; pt. 9, pp. 218-219, 1939. (Genotype, Genea maculivenitris Rondani, monobasic.) Geneopsis TowNSEND, Rey. Mus. Paulista, vol. 15, p. 212, 1927; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936; pt. 9, pp. 221-222, 1939. (Genotype, Geneopsis major Townsend, monobasic. New synonymy.) Geneoglossa TOWNSEND, Rev. Hnt., vol. 5, p. 225, 1985; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1986; pt. 9, pp. 220-221, 1989. (Genotype, Geneoglossa glossata Townsend, monobasic, New synonymy.) A careful study of these three genera, including the holotypes of the type species of the two reduced to synonymy, reveals no differences that might be considered generic. In his key to the Leskiini, Townsend uses the length of the haustellum, the strength of the ocellars, and size of the squamae, the presence or absence of median marginals on the first abdominal segment, and the length of the front tarsus of the female, as bases for his separation. It is significant that these are all relative characters, and when they are measured with a micrometer the supposed differences become smaller or vanish. The following characters are shared by all members of the genus known to me: _ Front moderately convex; vertex one-fourth to two-sevenths head width in female, one-fifth to one-sixth in male; frontalia as wide as average width of a parafrontal; clypeus distinctly warped forward; cheek one-fifth to one-fourth eye height. Third antennal segment 2.7 to 3.3 as long as second and 2.5 to 3.5 as long as its maximum width; hairs of arista somewhat longer than maximum aristal diameter. Lateral postscutellar plates bare. Tarsi longer than tibiae; claws in. female short, in male elongated. Cell R; narrowly open. Vein R, with setulae to apex, those on stigmatal area sometimes more closely set. Chaetotaxy.—Inner verticals decussate; outer verticals in female. (except in gracilis, new species) well-developed and one-half to two-thirds length of inner verticals, in male sometimes differentiated, but weak; ocellars weak, frontoorbitals lacking in male, two proclinate and one or two reclinate in female; six to nine frontals, the anterior two or three below antennal bases. Two presutural acrosticals; three presutural dorsocentrals; hind presutural intraalar sometimes: present, though weak; three humerals; two lateroscutellars; one to three discoscutellars, the hind pair placed well back and almost in the position of an apicoscutellar; no true apicoscutellars; one ptero- pleural; two to seven hypopleurals. 110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GENEA 1. Third abdominal segment with a transverse black band, which occupies at least its posterior fourth, usually its posterior third to half; haustellum at least-as -longy as) hea dl Weights. fos cd a oe pg 2 a ek ee 2 Third abdominal segment with a median posterior black spot, but without a Complete: ‘cross: Dang. 2 2 ek ee es SSO en eee 3 2. Robust species; median marginals on first and second abdominal segments ; palpus 1.7 to 2.0 length of third antennal segment; outer verticals clearly CMILCTEMET ACU oe ee | Nee ee Viet Se deem ead major (Townsend) Slender species; no median marginals on either first or second abdominal segment; palpus about 1.3 length of third antennal segment; outer verticals hardly: difterentiated= 2.2 <-st> ESPs Eth) eae eee gracilis, new species 38. Haustellum about 0.75 head height, cylindrical and straight; pollen of meso- notum deep yellow, almost golden____________________- aurea, new species Haustellum at least head height, attenuated and gently curved backward on © apical half; pollen of mesonotum with more of a whitish cast___---____ ee 4, Haustellum not more than 1.3 head height___________ trifaria (Wiedemann) Haustellum about 1.5 to 1.6 head height_______________ glossata (Townsend) GENEA MAJOR (Townsend), new combination Geneopsis major TOWNSEND, Rev. Mus. Paulista, vol. 15, p. 311, 1927; Manual of myiology, pt. 4, p. 65, 1936; pt. 9, p. 221, 1939. Length, 8 to 9 mm. Head in ground color yellow except lateral occipital plates, which are blackish on approximately upper half; pollen brownish on frontalia, golden on parafrontals, pale yellowish on face and occiput. Hairs of parafrontals black, very sparse; those of upper half of occiput black, of lower half pale yellow. Outer ver- ticals present in both sexes. Antenna yellow, third segment infuscated except on basal two-fifths ventrally and inwardly; arista brownish yellow, blackish on its thinner part, the hairs concolorous. Haustellum cylindrical, distinctly constricted on apical half, most slender on pen- ultimate fourth, about 1.1 head height; color yellowish, becoming brownish toward apex. Palpus 1.75 (in female) to 2.0 (in male) length of third antennal segment; setulae black. Mesonotum, except humeri and sides, and certain pleural areas of variable extent, black in ground color, the black strongly obscured by pollen but tending to show through more noticeably than in some other members of this and related genera; pollen of mesonotum, scutellum, and upper parts of pleura golden, of rest of thorax pale yellow to whitish; inner vitta of mesonotum somewhat broader than diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Hairs of mesonotum, scut- ellum, and upperparts of humeri coarse, black, those of lower parts of humeri and pleura rather fine, yellowish. Legs yellow, tarsi black- ish; coxae whitish pollinose, legs otherwise without pollen; some whitish hairs on coxae and at base of posteroventral surface of femora, legs otherwise black-haired. Wings hyaline; R, with setulae on FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 111 stigmatal area more closely set than elsewhere. Squamae and halteres yellow. Abdomen with a median black vitta extending from near base of first to apex of fourth segment, very narrowly interrupted at anterior margins of segments, on third segment broadening into a transverse band that occupies about apical third to half of dorsal surface of tergite; sides of segments 2 and 4 with black spots posteriorly which on segment 2 and perhaps also on segment 4 may be united with the median vitta. Most of hairs of segment 1 ventrally, and some also on segment 2 ventrally, yellowish, those of rest of abdomen black. Types.—Male, Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, October 26; female, Itaquaquecetuba, November 20. ‘The male is here designated the lectotype, U.S.N.M. No. 57294. The description is based on the types, on a female, Itaquaquecetuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, May 25 (C. H. T. Townsend), and on a male, Villarica, Paraguay, November 1936 (F. Schade). GENEA GRACILIS, new species Length, 5 to 7 mm. Head in ground color yellow except lateral occipital plates, which are blackish on approximately upper half; pollen brownish on frontalia, golden on parafrontals, pale yellowish on face and occiput. Each parafrontal with a few scattered fine black hairs; occiput largely with fine yellow hair but with some coarser black hair above, more in the female than in the male. Outer verticals not differentiated in either sex. Antenna yellow, third seg- ment infuscated except on basal third ventrally and inwardly; third segment rather slender; arista yellow on first two segments and thick- ened part of third, except its base, third otherwise brown; hairs unusually long for this genus, being about three times maximum diameter of arista. Haustellum slender, cylindrical, constricted on apical half, very slightly bowed backward, 1.3 to 1.5 head height; color yellow, brownish to blackish on apical half. Palpus about 1.3 length of third antennal segment; setulae black, mostly short, 1 out- standing preapical and 1 outstanding median one on ventral surface. Female with 2 reclinate frontoorbitals. Ground color of thorax chiefly black, that of notopleura, humeri, scutellum, and propleura, however, yellow; pollen of mesonotum, scutellum, and upper parts of pleura yellow, that of rest of pleura whitish; inner vitta of mesonotum about as broad as diameter of trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Hairs of mesonotum, scutellum, and upper parts of humeri coarse, black, those of lower parts of humeri and pleura rather fine, yellowish. Hind presutural acrostical much stronger than fore one. Legs mainly yellow; hind femur brownish near apex; hind tibia blackish; all tarsi black; coxae whitish pollinose, legs otherwise without pollen; hairs of coxae and a few near base on e132 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM you. 97 posteroventral surface of hind femur yellowish, legs otherwise black- haired. Wings hyaline, with a slight grayish tinge; R, with setulae on stigmatal area more closely set than elsewhere. Squamae and halteres yellow. Abdomen yellow, becoming reddish yellow toward apex, marked with black as follows: a median rounded spot and sometimes a lateral spot on each side, on tergite 1; a triangular median spot, reaching basal third of segment, expanded into a complete posterior band dor- sally and extending over the sides ventrally, but not reaching the sternite, on tergite 2; a triangular median spot reaching almost to base of segment, expanded into a transverse band that occupies posterior fourth to half of tergite dorsally and extends onto the ventral surface to border broadly on the sternite, on tergite 3; and a posterior spot on each side that expands broadly into a posterior margin ventrally but not dorsally or tergite 4. Some soft yellowish hair ventrally on tergite 1; abdomen otherwise with coarse black hair. Tergites shining dorsally, with scattered yellowish pollen ventrally; tergites 2 to 4 ventrally each with anterior margin of thick white pollen, which shows from dorsal view as small side spots on segments 3 and 4. No median marginals on first two abdominal segments. Types.—Holotype, male, Nova Teutonia, Brazil, May 25, 1939 (Fritz Plaumann), American Museum of Natural History. Allotype, female, same data. Paratypes, two females, same data but May 22 and 31, 1939, and one male, same data but May 31, 1939. Male and one female paratype in the United States National Museum. GENEA AUREA, new species Genea analis (Say) AtpricH, Ent. News, vol. 25, pp. 211-212, 1924 (not Dezia analis Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 6, p. 177, 1829). Length, 6 to 9mm. Head in ground color yellow, the lateral occip- ital plates black on upper third or less; pollen brownish on frontalia, clear yellow on greatest area of parafrontals, whitish with a yellowish tinge elsewhere. Hairs of occiput mostly yellow; a few black hairs above; only very scattered black setulae on parafrontals and near vibrissae. No distinct outer verticals in male. Antenna yellow, third segment brownish on apical half, brown coloration more extensive dorsally and outwardly; arista yellow, brownish on its thinner part, the hairs concolorous. Haustellum cylindrical, slightly tapering api- cally, 0.7 to 0.75 head height; color yellowish, at base tending toward whitish in some specimens. Palpus rather robust, as thick as haustel- lum in female, more slender in male; normally 1.4 to 1.6 length of third antennal segment, sometimes a little shorter in the male or a little longer in the female; setulae black, a few pale hairs below at base. Mesonotum except humeri and sides black in ground color; parts of pleura a very dilute blackish, scarcely evident; pollen of mesonotum, FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 113 scutellum, and uppermost parts of pleura deep yellow, almost golden, remaining pollen of pleura whitish with a slight yellow tinge; inner vitta of mesonotum as broad as diameter of a trichopore of a dorso- central bristle. Hairs of mesonotum (except notopleura), scutellum, and upper parts of humeri coarse, black; those of thorax otherwise fine, yellowish. Legs yellow, tarsi becoming brownish apically; coxae whitish pollinose, legs otherwise without pollen; coxae and posterior and posteroventral surfaces of femora chiefly whitish pilose, legs other- wise with black stiff hairs. Wings hyaline; R: with setulae uniformly spaced or but slightly more closely set in the stigmatal region. Squamae and halteres yellow. Abdomen yellow; second and third segments, sometimes also first, each with a median apical black spot dorsally; third, fourth, and some- times second, with a small apical spot on each side; the lateral spots, in particular, however, show a tendency to disappear. Abdomen dorsally shining, ventrally with inconspicuous whitish pollen visible in an oblique light. Hairs of first segment ventrally mostly pale; those of rest of abdomen black. First segment with weak though distinct median marginals. Types.—Holotype, male, Chain Bridge, Va., August 3, 1923 (J. M. Aldrich), U.S.N.M. No. 57292. Allotype, female, Plummers Island, Md., September 29, 1912 (P. R. Meyers). Paratypes: one female, Chain Bridge, Va., June 25, 1923 (J. M. Aldrich) ; one female, Plum- mers Island, Md., August 18, 1912 (J. R. Malloch); one female, Lafayette, Ind., September 9, 1916 (J. M. Aldrich) ; one female, At- lanta, Ga., June 30, 1930 (P. W. Fattig) ; one male, one female, Monti- cello, Fla., July 27, 1914 (A. I. Fabis), Quaintance No. 10573, “bred from 7’. subcanalis Walk.,” August 24 and 21, 1914 [all U.S.N.M.]; one female, Manhattan, Kans., October 1924; three females, Babylon, Long Island, N. Y., June 28, 1935, and July 2, 1936 (Blanton and Borders), and June 25, 1985 (F. S. Blanton) [H. J. Reinhard Collection]. This species has been reared from J'etralopha subcanalis (Walker). The best disposition of Deaia analis Say is to place it, as Smith ® suggested, among the unidentifiable species. Coquillett *° considered it a synonym of, and therefore holding priority over, his Myobia depile (=Leskiopalpus depilis (Coquillett)). Aldrich, however, disagreed with Coquillett’s interpretation of Dexia analis, apparently on the strength of Say’s statement that “the proboscis and palpi are much elongated.” I believe, however, that Coquillett was more probably right than Aldrich. Say’s description, in part, reads “proboscis black, yel- low at tip; thorax black, with a somewhat golden reflection; a dull ®Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. 19, p. 125, 1917. U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., Tech. Bull. 7, p. 67, 1897. 114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM YOu. 97 yellow line on each side, passing over the origin of the wings .. . abdomen pale yellow, tips fuscous.” The coloration of the proboscis agrees with that of Leskiomima depilis and sharply disagrees with that of Genea aurea. Under low magnification the thorax of L. depzlis might well be seen as Say described it, and the abdomen tends to be darkened at the apex; in G. aurea, on the other hand, the heavily dusted thorax, with its paler ground color, would hardly appear that way, and the abdomen is yellow, with median posterior spots on the individ- ual segments. Moreover, in LZ. depilis the palpi are decidedly elongated in comparison with those of Dexia vertebrata Say (Zelia vertebrata (Say) ) described in the same paper as D. analis. At best, some ele- ment of doubt concerning the identity of Say’s species remains, and since this can never be resolved by examination of a type specimen, it is best to let Coquillett’s species, of the identity of which we can be positive, remain. GENEA TRIFARIA (Wiedemann) Stomorys trifaria WiEDEMANN, Analecta Ent., p. 41, 1824; Aussereuropaische zweifliigelige Insecten, vol. 1, pp. 250-251, 1830. Genea maculiventris RoNDANI. Nuovi Aun. Sci. Nat. Bologna, ser. 3, vol. 2, pp. 173-174, 1850.—AtpricH, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 74, p. 18, 1929.— TOWNSEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 90, 19381 (synonymy). Genea trifaria (Wiedemann) TOWNSEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 90, 1931. Length, 6 to 7 mm. Head in ground color yellow except lateral occipital plates, which are blackish on approximately upper half; pollen brownish on frontalia, yellowish on larger part of parafrontals, and whitish with a yellowish tinge elsewhere. Parafrontals bare or with a very few black hairs; pile of occiput concolorous with ground color, the pale pile being of fine texture. Outer verticals weak in male. Antenna yellow, third segment infuscated except on basal two-fifths ventrally and inwardly; arista yellow, darkened on thinner part, the hairs concolorous. Haustellum 1.1 to 1.3 head height, cylindrical on basal half, then suddenly constricted, the apical part slightly though distinctly bowed backward; color yellow, apical half blackish above, the setulae on that part arising from pigmented pores. Palpus 1.7 ‘to 1.9 length of third antennal segment, as robust as haustellum in female, somewhat more slender in male. Mesonotum, except humeri and sides, and certain pleural areas of variable extent blackish in ground color; pollen of mesonotum, humeri, and uppermost parts of pleura yellowish, that of remaining parts of pleura whitish; inner vitta of mesonotum as wide as diameter of a trichopore of a dorsocentral bristle. Pile of mesonotum, scutellum, and upper parts of humeri black, of lower parts of humeri and of pleura whitish. Legs yellow, tarsi blackish; coxae whitish pollinose, FLIES OF THE TRIBE LESKIINI—JAMES 115 legs otherwise without pollen; some whitish hairs on coxae and at base of posteroventral surface of femora, legs otherwise black-haired. Wings hyaline; setulae of vein R, more closely set toward apex of vein. Squamae and halteres yellow. Abdomen yellow to yellowish orange; second and third segments, sometimes also first, each with a triangular median apical black spot dorsally; third and fourth, and usually sec- ond, segments each with a small apical spot on each side; abdomen wholly shining dorsally, the basal two tergites ventrally with thin whitish pollen visible only in an oblique light. Segment 1 ventrally mostly white-pilose; pile of abdomen otherwise black. Types.—The type of S. trifarta, a male labeled “ex Amer: m: Schmidt,” was still extant in the University Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, in 1928, when it was examined by Townsend. G. maculi- ventris was described from a male from Venezuela in the Museo Torinese; Townsend apparently erred in regard both to the sex and location of the type in his twice-published statement, “female Ht in Bologna.” The above description was based on one female, “Piedra B.,”™ April; two females, Cano Saddle, Gatun Lake, Panama, May 3 and June 1923 (R. C. Shannon) ; one female, San Esteban, Venezuela, No- vember 1939 (Pablo Anduze) [all U.S.N.M.]; one male, Sangrelaya, Honduras, April 13, 1924 (C. H. Curran) ; and 1 male, Corocito, Hon- duras, April 3, 1924 (C. H. Curran) [Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.]. GENEA GLOSSATA (Townsend), new combination Geneoglossa glossata TOWNSEND, Rev. Ent., vol. 5, p. 225, 1935. I can find no significant difference between this species and G. trifaria except in the greater length of the haustellum in relation to the head (ratio, 1.6 in type female, 1.5 in two males). The ratio be- tween the length of the palpus and that of the third antennal segment is 1.9 for the female and 2.0 for the males. The two species may be synonymous, but the insufficiency of the material at hand does not at present justify drawing such a conclusion. Holotype—F¥emale, Tapera, Pernambuco, Brazil, October 20, 1932, U.S.N.M. No. 57293. I have also seen a male, Tapera, Pernambuco, September 11, 1935, and a male, “Utingo,” May 24, on foliage (Townsend Collection). 4 According to the editor’s footnote in Aldrich, Ent. News, vol. 35, p. 211, 1924, this locality is probably Piedra Blanca, Bolivia, 4 miles west of Corumba, Brazil. U, S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 ue wis apsteat dig wna atent an ; es oer Bite baidis weiehn dence foaled 1 By} auobda sabe. Unie tte dog Lagivy oy Sneate, p ior: lane, atts ne wiles 29% eter ‘sep ml), adlecob-weicedayat isnt anermes ° _Atbegilvavapile 6.46. Mt Tne akliery, anlioe: RT a ie Gace son werremeiis srconbda.te ain : ciew Siegen tak — reas ‘iti, xo bolodel olan: ss diame cho, OOS oT rama dian Anoigolncs® pli oath eth Gti, ohune.tg@ Hide eset, Tether epenay,.S),. obageayzol UW Aetiarexs apr di, rape W ORCL a nema HOR! 1é pith wi elousono ¥. arogt slast 2 Rin a. bodiasanty, ieke WH i Baracy adietuiiod Inuexrt ai bore yd Sips hacen; Lagi Sh fs ae sagt? scomotade: badatdig-aghurt 3 ei fi oat od} te iroidi 3 aks $7 er fe? 2 Riva LA . ‘pant } F ertath f wat - ASS o:. “vila 1). Alaa. o01c: + FMR RE bantmgp ihe y FO Meng ie ‘ a pssheahh tt gat & 614 tetra V. wea Tis ‘bi is wee das egheaist « wa 4 ite At aire iy tency Pie EOE rings af crus Pony: rset yy thins BET ey Mmiche bhiKy ssc rf. OK. eae) Br] (osu sn oft Boer a ' P ae Paal SFT Woe ; ps + Cate ud Ph gx h) eT, Gt ae gia wre x, fie j fi L the - Lysol ee aut Al (a { ori , HT at Lo bs ta : ; : @ ot | me) fi. Le ; ‘ : an ae 4 9 e pean q SG aft 4) Eye, ATA es: yee Abreie OD ATA eee a Ane. be 5 aE ; sank’ Hes ey at ody li it Coit frat! sia wh | Bs. a oh Bisa. AD age eit sre vied. annie softil + desmroitt ine it al | O32) fhste4) ule, igs 3 uu dtenden sil rts. Ae ihe riot 193865 x Sit Raped ; ris ed yar yt sdk Sa fon at, star 4 . sl negoy peeved (1h Oat 9c Bea IRIE lara | tal Acta. to Ta an es si q lt “Si ieee od YSe ROI? 1m) od f.. Slag oss, 108 US bith RO 4 wi Ly, foe t8 11 Cont alt, io pra Brian 130 ee idk te : ox nes oa as ies ithoqo: ets ie rarer? aia redo “0 isaegel ds os fe eh oabay ait cat & rs x aadignie 38 ooabemeagoet ‘orage? al eich a ae 6 crea ore Hs oe Reeve wgait ¥ cto, ag wh cae sha * » Serr wer every A, on yy es ‘ « r feat i é ad if) ag2 ‘ng ae RA Suit” ‘Pema Ati, Stourton: a Ova? sy Staind sil ndvaiy®h "er hate! da rthae aatriien “pivetghte eat Sts, er ait. Gin: Viger pitt a hs 3) Teteat yak tie aes ‘ Liew sore me aN ARS pen) Restle. at ie ard ae oe wet ne oe Aaya es ‘c eal, Bente: PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1947 No. 3213 THE STAPHYLINID BEETLES OF THE CAYMAN ISLANDS By Ricuarp E. BLackwELpER Tue Oxford University Biological Expedition to the Cayman Is- lands (1938) collected several hundred beetles of the family Staphy- linidae in the course of extensive light-trap operations. The specimens were made available to me through the kindness of C. B. Lewis, one of the collectors for the expedition and now of the Institute of Jamaica, and Prof. G. D. Hale Carpenter, of Oxford University. It was orig- inally intended to include these records in my “Monograph of the West Indian Beetles of the Family Staphylinidae,”? but through an oversight records of only three of the species appeared therein. The present report includes the 18 species taken by the Expedition and the two previously reported from the Caymans. The Staphylinidae of the Cayman Islands must be assumed to be very imperfectly known at the present time. It is to be expected that intensive collecting in various habitats would produce at least 50 species. For example, the three West Indian species of Cafius prob- ably occur on the beaches, and others of the widespread species un- doubtedly will be found. The present state of our knowledge there- fore presents little that may be used in studying the geographical rela- tionships or the origin of the fauna. In general, however, the species are among those which would be expected to occur. The only excep- tions are one known otherwise only from Antigua in the Lesser Antilles and one known otherwise only from the United States. The first of 1U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, 658 pp. 1943. 117 757370—47 118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 these may doubtless be explained on the basis of mere failure so far to detect the species on the intervening islands, but the second case is doubtless one of accidental introduction; there is little reason to expect it to be found later in Cuba. This report is arranged as a supplement to my monograph, to which reference must be made for details of synonymy and distribution as well as for descriptions of the species. A citation to the monograph is given with the original publication to facilitate cross reference. After each locality I have given in parentheses the number of specimens collected. The material (except as noted) is in the Oxford University Museum and the British Museum (Natural History). Subfamily Oxy TELInArE 1. CARPELIMUS CORRECTUS Blackwelder Carpelimus correctus BILACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 64, 1948. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (2), Hut Road on north coast (1). Little Cayman: South Town (1). Taken in light-traps in May, June, and July 1938. This species was described from Jamaica, Hispaniola, and eight other islands. One specimen from Georgetown is deposited in the United States Na- tional Museum. 2. CARPELIMUS CHAPINI Blackwelder Carpelimus chapini BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 81, 1943. Grand Cayman: South Sound (3). Taken in light-trap in June 1938. This species was described from a small series from Jamaica. One specimen is deposited in the U. S. National Museum. 3. CARPELIMUS DISSONUS (Bierig) Trogophloeus dissonus Bierte, Mem. Soc. Cubana Hist. Nat., vol. 9, p. 11, 1935. Carpelimus dissonus (Bierig), BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 83, 1943. Little Cayman: South Town (133). Taken in a light-trap on May 29, 1938. This species was previously known only from Cuba, from the collections of Alexander Bierig. Fifteen examples are deposited in the United States National Museum. 4. CARPELIMUS SORDIDUS (Cameron) Trogophloeus (Taenosoma) sordidus CAMERON, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 11, p. 394, 1923. Carpelimus sordidus (Cameron), BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 84, 1943. Grand Cayman: (no other locality). STAPHYLINIDS OF CAYMAN ISLANDS—-BLACKWELDER 119 Not taken since the original discovery by Dr. M. Cameron. I have examined the type briefly but was unable to identify any of my speci- mens with it. (The statement in my monograph that no examples had been seen was an error due to an oversight.) 5. CARPELIMUS sp. Little Cayman: South Town (1). One example that seems to differ from the four listed above is not identifiable at this time because of its condition. It appears to have an unusual type of sculpturing on the pronotum. 6. BLEDIUS ESPOSUS Blackwelder Bledius esposus BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 114, 1943. Little Cayman: South Town (4). Taken in the light-traps in May and June 1938. This species was previously known only from the holotype from Antigua. One speci- men is deposited in the U. S. National Museum. 7. BLEDIUS MANDIBULARIS Erichson Little Cayman: South Town (127). Taken in the light-traps in May and June 1938. This is the most unusual record in the entire collection, since it is a species previously unknown in the West Indies or in the Tropics. It is widespread but not common in the United States, ranging from Connecticut to Florida and west to Texas and Utah. Synonymy.—The following synonymy is recognized : Bledius mandibularis HricHson, 1840, p. 765.—LEContTrE, 1877, pp. 218, 219.— ScHwa4kz, 1878, p. 442.—HAMILTON, 1884, p. 187.—CAsrEy, 1889, p. 42.— WENZEL, 1897, p. 218.—BERNHAUER and ScHupBERT, 1911, p. 133 (as synonym of pallipennis Say).—Lxrne, 1920, p. 97 (as synonym of pallipennis Say) .— Britron, 1920, p. 226 (as synonym of pallipennis Say). (Not Macleay, 1873. Bledius pomee LeContTe, 1877, pp. 218, 219, 220—HENsHaAw, 1881, p. 221.— DoviviER, 1883, p. 186.—Casey, 1889, p. 42—Snow, 1906, p. 143.—BERNHAUER and ScHUBERT, 1911, p. 127.—Lene, 1920, p. 97.—LopiNe, 1945, p. 35. Description—Rufotestaceous throughout, the head generally some- what picescent. Head very convex above but somewhat flattened be- tween the eyes, with irregular elevations along the midline, which is more or less impressed; supraantennal ridges large and prominent; antennal segments 9 and 10 transverse; labrum just twice as wide as long, the anterior margin straight; third segment of maxillary palpus large, not flattened, fourth small, conical; submental suture nearly straight, submentum strongly and deeply impressed at base, the pit imperfectly divided into two by a broad elevation of its floor, the pit 120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 nearly as wide as the submentum; surface above and below with dense (tuberculous) sculpture and scattered umbilicate punctures. Prono- tum one-fourth wider than long, semioctagonal ; midline finely but very distinctly impressed ; lateral margin marked by a suture or ridge only near the front angles; with large umbilicate punctures generally sep- arated by one to two times their diameter; with strong and dense scaly ground sculpture. EHlytra feebly dehiscent, the apex broadly rounded except internally; with punctures as on pronotum but a little denser and much less definite, without definite ground sculpture but surface very uneven. Length, 6 to 9 mm. Type locality —‘America septentrionali (?).” Of brevidens, “New York.” Types.—EKither in the Hope Museum, Oxford, or the Zoologische Museum, Berlin. Of brevidens, in the Museum of Comparative Zool- ogy, Cambridge, Mass. (Typical examples may also be in the Horn collection at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.) Records.—The following are the records known to me: Cayman Islands: Little Cayman (Lewis and Thompson, in Jamaica Institute, Oxford University, British Museum, and U. 8S. National Museum). North America: (HErichson, 1840), New York, Atlantic coast of Middle States (LeConte, 1877), Florida (Schwarz, 1878), New Jersey (Hamilton, 1884), Texas (Snow, 1906, as brevidens), Alabama (Ldéding, 1945), Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Georgia, Florida, Illinois, Texas, Utah (U. 8S. National Museum). Specimens examined.—lI have seen 127 specimens from the Cayman Islands, as well as about 50 from the United States. Remarks.—This is a very distinct species in the West Indian fauna, distinguishable at a glance by its size and color. In the United States it has two or three close relatives, from which it can be separated by the structure of the submentum. B. /econtei Sharp of Mexico is also very similar, but it differs in having a much narrower (almost circu- lar) submental fossa and more deeply impressed gular sutures. The following account of the collection of these beetles has been sent to me by Mr. Lewis: “On May 29, 1938, Thompson and I set up light-traps in three areas, one of these being on the southern side of a dead mangrove swamp north of South Town, the only settlement on the island. The traps were of a new design, using an acetylene lamp surrounded by four funnels, each of which was supplied with a killing jar. The traps were all started at about 7:30 each night. “On the first night, after two hours of operation, the trap at the edge of the swamp had been put out of action by the tremendous vol- ume of insects it had received. Most of them were this staphylinid. A quantitative method of counting the specimens was used, and it was found that at least 25,000 specimens of this species were taken in that 2-hour period. The trap was then cleared, cleaned, and reset. STAPHYLINIDS OF CAYMAN ISLANDS—BLACKWELDER 121 During the rest of the night the insect catch was large, but only about 1,500 specimens of this staphylinid came in. “On the following evening, May 30, the quantitative method of counting indicated that at least 25,000 specimens of this species were taken between 7:30 and 9:30 r.m. During the rest of the night only about 2,500 specimens were taken in the trap. After a similar experi- ence on May 31, the trap was removed from the site, as most of the other insects taken were in such bad condition as a result of the hordes of Bledius that they were quite useless. “The other traps were set less than a quarter of a mile away but in different habitats; one was in a pasture, and the other was near the top of a beach. In neither of these was there taken any specimen of this Bledius at any time.” Subfamily Osortrmnar 8. OSORIUS LEWISI Blackwelder Osorius lewisi BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 197, 1943. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (1). Taken in a light-trap on April 25, 1938. This species is known only from the holotype, which is deposited in the British Museum. Subfamily ParpERINAE 9. SUNIUS DEBILICORNIS (Wollaston) Lithocharis debilicornis WoLLAsTon, Catalogue of the coleopterous insects of Madeira . . ., p. 194, 1857. Sunius debilicornis (Wollaston), BLACKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 267, 19438. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (1). Taken in a light-trap on April 23, 1938. The species was known previously from Cuba, Jamaica, the Lesser Antilles, the Americas, Europe, Africa, the Oriental region, Australia, and New Caledonia. It is always taken in small numbers. 10. SCOPAEUS PYGMAEUS Erichson Scopaeus pygmaeus EricHson, Genera et species staphylinorum ..., p. 608, 1840.—BLAcKWELDER, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 287, 1943. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (1), South Sound (1). Little Cayman: South Town (1). Taken in light-traps in April, May, and June 1938. The species was previously known from Jamaica and seven of the other islands. One example (Georgetown) is deposited in the United States Na- tional Museum. 11. LOBRATHIUM ODIUM Blackwelder Lobrathium odium BLACKWELDER, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 318, 1943. Grand Cayman: South Sound (22), Georgetown (1). 122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Taken in light-traps in April and June 1938. The species was described from Cuba and is perhaps the same as an older species oc- curring in Cuba, Hispaniola, and St. Thomas. Six specimens are deposited in the United States National Museum. 12. HOMOEOTARSUS ALBIPES (Erichson) Cryptobium albipes EricHson, Genera et species staphylinorum ..., p. 566, 1840. Homoeotarsus albipes (Hrichson), BLACKWELDER, U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 328, 1943. Grand Cayman: South Sound (9). Taken in light-trap in June 1938. The species was previously known from Cuba, Jamaica, four of the other islands, and South and Central America. Three specimens are deposited in the United States ‘National Museum. 18. STAMNODERUS LABEO (Erichson) Sunius labeo ExicHson, Genera et species staphylinorum .. ., p. 648, 1840. Stamnoderus labeo (Erichson), BLAcKWELDER, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 352, 1948. Grand Cayman: South Sound (1). Taken in light-trap on June 19, 1938. The species was known from Cuba, the Isle of Pines, Jamaica, and five other islands. 14. PINOPHILUS FLAVIPES Erichson Pinophilus flavipes ERICHSON, Genera et species staphylinorum . . ., p. 383, 1840.— BLACKWELDER, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 383, 1943. Little Cayman; South Town (5). [Grand Cayman: by error, see below.] Taken in light-traps in May and June 1938. The record of Grand Cayman in my monograph appears to be a lapsus, since the specimens are all from Little Cayman. The species is known also from the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico. Two specimens are deposited in the United States National Museum. 15. PINOPHILUS SCHWARZI Blackwelder Pinophilus schwarzi BLACKWELDER, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 386, 1943. Grand Cayman: South Sound (16). Taken in light-traps in June 1938. The species was described from Cuba and the Caymans. 16. PALAMINUS sp. Grand Cayman: Hut Road on north side (1). Taken in light-trap on July 15, 1938. This species occurs also on Cuba, but the material available will not enable a specific determination to be made. STAPHYLINIDS OF CAYMAN ISLANDS—BLACKWELDER 123 Subfamily SvapHYLININAE 17. PHILONTHUS VENTRALIS (Gravenhorst) Staphylinus ventralis GRAVENHORST, Coleoptera Microptera Brunsvicensia . . ., p. 174, 1802. Philonthus ventralis (Gravenhorst), BLAcKWELDER, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 404, 1943. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (1). Taken in light-trap on April 22, 1938. The species is known from Cuba, Jamaica, and most of the other islands, as well as from North and South America, Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. 18. PHILONTHUS HAVANIENSIS (Laporte) Staphylinus havaniensis Lavorte, Etudes entomologiques . . ., pt. 1, p. 116, 1834. Philonthus havaniensis (Laporte), BLACKWELDER, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 418, 1943. Grand Cayman: South Sound (10), Georgetown (2). Taken in light-traps in April and June 1938. The species is known from Cuba, Jamaica, and five of the other islands. Three of these examples are deposited in the United States National Museum. Subfamily ALmocHARINAE 19. ATHETA GUATEMALAE Bernhauer and Scheerpeltz Atheta guatemalae BERNHAUER and SCHEERPELTZ, Coleopterorum catalogus, pars. 82, p. 667, 1926.—BLACKWELDER, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Bull. 182, p. 553, 19438. Grand Cayman: (no other locality). This species has not been reported since its description by Dr. M. Cameron (under the name pumila). 20. ZYRAS sp. Grand Cayman: Georgetown (2). Taken in light-trap on May 12, 1938. I am unable to identify this species, since most of the known species are not available for comparison. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 Zn Ebi RyAsoa mie eheleelaeuteg wil thot ooiablann Seip: ET pi 5 te , ' : : zie AON ; ott Ay. at eer a a ~~ de. Seles Se ot hae tihanpocagh ‘e) ae 58 | $ipielese Pats. Fetes ot ade aldicpcseoain lili lahat ncaa aebaele | Some ti facta axePravsirfgoo 0 ARB ARTRMDE: - slashes duets: strenccemtiony 3 sisi Teac? Ricsincll iN t ; Piarasts. UR eutn ea Dyanna: en sf Padl ISO Satin tae ae eaayinarstaiy. pee: | muy re eee nati ange pairs 4s yingtnA. oR co on bie ai BW aawran uid -osead) hasabteryod oe) NOTE ) - SE AOA? LARO GP vivkawa) Abt? isis ao ae bigest sc f Aipes s $) phe ie mere bicanets HBR) Tee en sci ai ‘Moco rae She, NN Rebs, G9 Cicada cA: si Hirma alts hata eo ‘eae Rilescinetat bogctnicederal MOTLAMAT AUD. ANSET A tt bogie 4 SHORE ce tip jis vent igh Bat) Ege IE neo Bt Mi serks By Bs Ved es Chis MS ‘(oifawot witte bd) + manteeRd. ble ‘i : “a Car bases Pe, sone TY ; : a) ei oust Bi ped var xoiogqe MoE ho Melpace 13 May Ds "atu a cman i Any REE eh cee bn Singedes LO he cheats, Ske Gre aera Ge AN Srokt Lirttin Cal nia ot Rasrepegion te bie wd plan a, thay ah Catia; Hlingxnik Hay wl Ryde % AeWiotogr6at¥) por aa my Tan tea foe al Nau ie’ , Bea ee Cat iO qarct-detyil it ‘nonleT ; IPR Pigg! tke 2 bs ons g “iat A rea z ROReH Wu lighdtrape ie Pune 1925, Phe + Sen War or sorted bate S , y nwibaanepdgetiie® Rati Carman Hs Bild og miei Wie (ap, ee Rakeu in tights gan iady- Li, P38. Thin apeciea itegie . i eta ani seni a *,i fae ae ie he vr PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM ~ issued SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington : 1948 No. 3214 MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA PRELIMINARY REPORT No. 2: SPINY RATS (ECHIMYIDAE), WITH SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES ON RELATED FORMS By Puivie HersuxKovirz The echimyid rodents collected by the author in northern Colombia during his tenure of the Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholar- ship ! include 5 specimens of Echimys semivillosus (I. Geoffroy) and 150 specimens representing Proechimys guyannensis E. Geoffroy ? and P. canicollis (Allen). The only other echimyid rodent previously recorded from the region under study is Diplomys rufodorsalis Allen from Onaca, near Santa Marta. Possibly a form of Hoplomys occurs somewhere in the lowlands of northern Colombia, and a representa- tive of Thrinacodus, perhaps T. edazx, in the highest levels of that part of the Cordillera Oriental visited by the author. In the following account some of the taxonomic problems presented by the species collected are discussed, involving a more extensive treatment of the genus Proechimys than is implied by the geographical limitations of the title of this report. For this the author has drawn information from his notes on the type specimens of Proechimys in the British Museum and in the various American institutions, as well as from considerable supplementary material. Thanks are expressed 1The northern Colombian and western Venezuelan localities mentioned in the text are shown on the map accompanying the first preliminary report on the mammals of northern Colombia, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 97, pp. 1-46, fig. 1, 1947. In this report the symbol combinations for contrasting color patterns of squirrels given on page 9, subheading 4c, next to last line, as 4ab and 4ac should read 4ac and 4hbe, respectively. Corresponding changes in the text are as follows: Page 17, line 3 for 4a read 4b, line 22 for 4ac read 4be, page 24, line 23 for 4ab and 4ac read 4ac and 4be, respectively, line 38 for 4ab read 4ac, line 40 for 4ac read 4be. Thesymbols in table 1, page 34, are correct. On pages 9 and 36 read candelensis for candalensis; page 36 line 6, read versicolor for inconstans; on pages 6, 7, 10, 21, 22, 29, 32, 33, and 36 read chrysuros for chrysurus, 2 Antedates cayennensis Desmarest. 757450—48 125 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 to Dr. W. H. Burt, of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, for the loan of material and permission to describe one of the speci- mens as a new species. Grateful acknowledgment is made to Karl P. Schmidt, chief curator of zoology of the Chicago Natural History Museum, and to Dr. Joao Moojen, curator of mammals of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the loan of specimens. All capitalized color terms are from Ridgway (‘Color Standards and Color Nomenclature,’’ Washington, 1912). ECHIMYS SEMIVILLOSUS SEMIVILLOSUS (I. Geoffroy) Nelomys semivillosus I. GEorrroy, Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 2, vol. 10, p. 125, 1838 (abstract of description); Mag. Zool., Paris, 1840, pp. 42, 50, pls. 23, 28, figs. 7-9. Type locality.—Cartagena, Department of Bolivar, Colombia. Distribution.—Lowlands of northern Colombia. As yet known only from the lower Rio Magdalena drainage system. Coloration.—Hairs of upper surface of body Ochraceous-Buff to Ochraceous-Orange medially, becoming paler laterally; sides grayish to Light Buff or Warm Buff; dorsum and sides with a mixture of wholly black or brown spines, spines punctulated with white to buffy, the punctulated spines most conspicuous on posterior half of back and base of tail; crown grizzled, nape and interscapular region blacker; white to buffy postauricular patches present; rostrum, sides of face below dark orbital rings whitish to buffy; outer sides of fore and hind legs like sides; fore and hind feet above gray with dark patches, toes gray. Underside of head, body, and limbs white lightly washed with buff. Base of tail like back, remainder light brown thinly covered with short hairs, the hairs brown proximally, becoming paler to gray terminally. Measurements (in millimeters, of three adults)—Head and body, 207, 227, 220; tail, 218, 222, ; hind foot, 38, 39, 37; ear, 19, 18, 17; condylobasal length, ——, 46.6, 48.9; zygomatic breadth, ? 24.2, 25,6; length of nasals, 17.7, 16.2, 17.5; least interorbital width, 14.2, 16.2, 17.5; braincase, width, , 19.7, 19.7; bullae, ahian by 12.6, 8.1 by 12.9; alveolar length of molar row, 12.0, 12.1, 11.6. Remarks.—The foregoing description is based on three adults taken in the Rfo Cesar and Rio Guaimaral region. Two immature individuals of the same series have the following external measure- ments: Head and body, 145, 153; tail, 154, 173; hind foot, 33, 34; ear, 16, 16. Although the tail is longer than the combined head and body length in the young, it may become proportionately shorter as erowth of the individual continues. In adults, tail length is subequal to, or shorter than, combined head and body length. Spines are completely lacking in the two young individuals; otherwise their pelage and coloration are as in adults. MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 127 The present series is quite typical and represents the first record of true semivillosus since the types were sent from Cartagena by the former French consul, M. Pavageau, more than a hundred years ago. A NOTE ON ECHIMYS ARMATUS (I. GEOFFROY) A specimen of Echimys armatus, collected on April 20, 1945, in Caparrapi, a municipality in the Magdalena Valley, Cundinamarca, and received from the Rockefeller Foundation, is of special interest. This individual, an adult male, not only confirms the occurrence of the species west of the eastern slopes of the Andes but also indicates that the range of E. armatus overlaps that of E. semivillosus in Venezuela and Colombia. The correctness of the type locality of E. armatus occasius, Gualea, on the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes, has been questioned (Tate, 1935, p. 428). The present specimen shows, however, that the distributional pattern of the species conforms, at least in part, to that of many other Brazilian or Amazonian species of mammals that have rounded the northern flanks of the Andes and pushed into the coastal lowlands and moun- tain valleys of western Colombia and Ecuador. The genus Echimys has not been recorded from Central America. The species armatus is readily distinguished from E. semivillosus by redder coloration and black spines not punctulated with whitish. Ellerman (1940, p. 112) included longirostris, obscura, punctatus, flavidus, and carrikeri in the E. armatus group; guianae and castaneus were regarded as strictly synonymous with armatus, while occasius was listed as a subspecies of it. Tate (1939, p. 180) added longirostris to the synonymy of armatus but listed castaneus (with flavidus a synonym!) as a valid subspecies. The type specimens of the above- named forms, which have been examined by the writer, may be classified as follows: Echimys armatus armatus (I. Geoffroy), Cayenne (guianae Thomas and longirostris Anthony, synonyms) Echimys armatus castaneus Allen and Chapman, Trinidad Echimys armatus occasius Thomas, Gualea, western Ecuador (type an im- mature) Echimys semivillosus semivillosus (I. Geoffroy), Cartagena, Colombia Echimys semivillosus punctatus Thomas, Caicara, Venezuela Echimys semivillosus flavidus Hollister, Margarita Island (carrikeri Allen, a.synonym) SPECIES OF THE SUBGENUS PROECHIMYS The highly variable assortment of individuals composing the species of the genus Proechimys has rendered their classification difficult. This difficulty has been further aggravated by the host of described forms based mainly on individually variable characters or on charac- ters that have only a limited and local constancy. The classification 128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 of the subgenus Proechimys presented by Ellerman (1940, pp. 115- ' 122) m his monumental treatise of the rodents of the world shows a sharp reduction in the number of species. In typical Proechimys, Ellerman listed six species in the ‘“cayennensis [=guyannensis] group” and one, P. rtheringi, in the ‘“iheringi group.” The subgenus Trinomys consisted of albispinus and setosus. Reasons for making the above divisions of the genus were given. The discussion here is limited mainly to the species of the guyannensis group and to the species of the subgenus Proechimys listed by Ellerman as not seen and not allocated to group. The six species of Ellerman’s “‘cayennensis group” are guyannensis, vacillator, hendeei, rattinus, canicollis, and dimidiatus. The species - guyannensis, as constituted by Ellerman, will doubtlessly prove to be composite. He admitted the possibility of error in listing under guyannensis the Proechimys described from Central America, in this following the tendency among authors to assign these forms to a single species. However, there are at least two kinds of spiny rats common to Central America and northwestern South America. To determine what names are applicable to them would require a more careful examination of the type specimens in the British Museum than the present author has been able to make. It remains a moot point which ones, if any, of the described Central American forms are indeed referable to P. guyannensis. Under the circumstances it is best to accept provisionally Ellerman’s classification and to continue treating P. guyannensis as a composite species. Possibilities for its ultimate subdivision into natural entities will be pointed out in following discussions. P. canicollis differs in important characters and appears to be annectant between P. guyannensis and the subgenus Trinomys. P. vacillator may prove to be a race of canicollis. P. hendeei is very nearly related to guyannensis but distinct specifically. The type of P. rattinus, a skull only, is that of a race of guyannensis. P. dimidiatus is, according to the writer’s notes, an immature indi- vidual and presents no special peculiarities other than the very deep incision of the posterior palatal notch, on a plane with M?. It is certainly a member of the group, but it cannot now be determined whether it is a local form of the common species or whether it replaces the name of a more recently described species, possibly hendeei. Of the 12 species listed by Ellerman as not seen and not allocated to group, the present author has been able to examine ochraceus, poliopus, oconnelli, steerei, boimensis, and kermiti. These are all referable to guyannensis and are discussed under that specific heading. P. leucomystax Miranda Ribeiro, as described and figured, is also a representative of the common species. According to Thomas (1921, p. 141), myosurus, leptosoma, cinnamomeus, elegans, and fuliginosa are all synonyms of setosus, a Trinomys. This opinion may MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 129 be questioned, at least with respect to elegans Lund, but unless the types, if still in existence, show anything to the contrary, these conclusions must be accepted. On the basis of the original description, Echimys macrourus Jentink cannot be identified with Proechimys. The type is a skin only from Surinam with the following measurements: Head and body, 221; tail, 320; ear, 25; hind foot,41 mm. The tail is too long, both actually and in proportion to combined head and body length, for Proechimys as known; the hind foot is too small for any Proechimys of comparable head and body length. These measure- ments may have been taken from the dried skin; hence they are not really comparable. Tate (1939, p. 180) admitted the possibility of macrourus being a form of Echimys armatus. This opinion is probably correct. Leaving to one side the nomenclatorial problems that may arise once the exact status of each of such forms as dimidiatus and vacillator is entirely clarified, we find the subgenus Proechimys to consist of four recognizably distinct species. These are iheringi, canicollis, hendeet, and the composite P. guyannensis. To these are added two more species, one described as new, which form a group distinguishable by the enamel pattern of the molariform teeth. CHARACTERS OF THE SPECIES It has been found that external characters are not wholly reliable in distinguishing the species of typical Proechimys from one another. Differences in coloration are evident when comparing representatives of two or more species from the same or nearby localities. In other localities the differences between the same species may be reversed! The character of the spines is important in distinguishing super- specific categories of the Echimyinae, but in Proechimys (sensu stricto) it is at best only of some slight relative diagnostic value. Size differences between the species cannot easily be demonstrated. There may be some evidence of gradients in size within any one species, as well as some proportional differences, particularly in the length of the tail to the combined head and body length. Taken as a whole, however, no significant differences in size exist between any of the species. Most cranial characters, which are absolute for distinguish- ing two or more species from each other when these species are from the same or nearby localities, break down or reverse themselves when applied to representatives of these same species from widely separated localities. Of all the characters studied and of those described as diagnostic, only three or four seem to be of some value. In canicollis the walls of the mesopterygoid fossa are considerably fenestrated, more so than in the other species where the tendency is for no fenestration at all. In hendeei, dimidiatus, and iheringi the palatal notch extends anteriorly beyond the plane of M®’; in the other species it does not 130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 extend beyond M*. It is possible that proportional differences in cranial parts exist between the species, but this cannot be demon- strated on the basis of present material and would be most difficult to show with any amount of specimens. The individual and local variation among these rats is so great that it is practically impossible to select a sufficient number of truly comparable skulls for determining proportional differences. The enamel pattern of the molariform teeth offers a reliable means for classifying the species of Proechimys, but even here the variations frequently introduce difficulties into any attempt to interpret cor- rectly the nature of the structures concerned. Nevertheless, the species of typical Proechimys, and annectant forms, may be classified primarily according to the following formulae, which show the number of outer enamel folds in each of the upper molariform teeth and the inner folds of the lower teeth: 2-2-2-2 , 3-2-2-2 A. 5-9-9-9 *° 3-995 5 eS Sg 0 ie ately at lpia A tc UI St feeb jel Sell tweed ye P. canicollis mi Spmeytabore bate ein poe welt be ha ord Trinomys (subg.) 3—3-3-2 3-3-4-4 B. 3-9-9-9 © £37373 1. Palatal notch extending forward beyond anterior plane of M3 a. Zygoma broad, outer surface of jugal nearly plane, the ridge almost DORNER OM Ec Ps SST ee Se eae Bee 1 eee iheringi eee normal, outer surface of juga] crossed by a well-developed MOU Hcp crite, et hale! Mee hye P. hendeei (and dimidiatus, type) 2. Palatal notch not extending forward as far as posterior plane of MEG 0 01 Foeaait (hy Ail ee Sia fh P. guyannensis (composite) tO. Corse seat doraeriiets- ae araprocias- 2+" see Se Quadruplicatus group (P. ignotus, P. quadruplicatus, n. sp.) p, =**4 Hopl ( 0 ay ey ee rn a eee oplomys (genus) Four folds, as in the Quadruplicatus group, appear to be the maxi- mum if not the original number in the upper molariform teeth. This has been pointed out by Winge (1888, p. 86) in his description of the teeth of P. guyannensis from Lagéa Santa. In this species a fourth fold may be evident on the crown of the last two upper molars. It usually appears as a complication or branch of the third fold. With wear, the point of union between the two folds may be erased, with the result that the fourth fold becomes an enamel island. On the other hand, in some populations of guyannensis there is a tendency for the loss of even the third fold of the last upper molar and in each of the lower molars. In canicollis this is carried to an extreme. Here the third fold is found in the lower premolar only in certain populations. Throughout the genus the general trend is toward a greater simplifi- MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 131 cation of the enamel pattern of the molariform teeth. Given the ‘normal’ number of folds for each species, as outlined in the key, and beyond, the greater tendency is for the elimination of one of the ‘normal” number of folds than for the reappearance of an additional fold. A satisfactory determination can be made of the “normal” pattern and the significant deviations therefrom only in a large series that includes individuals with unworn and fully formed but unerupted teeth. With wear, an enamel fold becomes isolated from the margin of the crown and appears as an enamel island. Because of inequalities in the depth along its base the fold may break up into two islands. Furthermore, a sinuous curve in the original fold may result in one of the subsequently formed islands assuming a position such as to appear as a distinct enamel fold. Frequently any two adjacent folds may be united in the form of a single fold with two branches. With wear, one of the branches becomes isolated from the other, thus restoring, in appearance, the ‘“‘normal”’ pattern of the tooth. As a consequence of the order of dental succession, the premolar and first molar are con- siderably more worn, their patterns more modified and divergent from the ‘normal’ pattern than the remaining molars. Though many instances of mechanically induced types of variation may be cited, the foregoing formulae are sufficiently broad to facilitate the specific identity of most of the spiny rats of the genus. PROECHIMYS CANICOLLIS (Allen) Echimys canicollis Autumn, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 12, p. 200, 1899. Type locality —Bonda, near Santa Marta, northwestern base of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Department of Magdalena, Colombia. Distribution —Northern Colombia. Known from the Rio Cesar Valley and the northwestern and eastern bases of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Department of Magdalena, and from the Ciénaga de Gudjaro, about midway between Barranquilla and Cartagena, De- partment of Atl&ntico. Characters. —A pale spiny rat, upperparts buffy to ochraceous mixed with black, no well-defined median dorsal band present; spines soft and mostly hidden by the soft annulated hairs. Underparts with gray lateral lines, which may extend mesially over the whole ventral surface or, more commonly, over neck and throat only. Upper surface of fore and hind feet well covered with whitish hairs. Tail thickly covered with comparatively long hairs. Walls of mesoptery- goid fossa extremely fenestrated. Molariform teeth as described. Comparisons.—Distinguished externally from P. guyannensis mincae, the only other representative of the genus found in the same general region, by hairier tail, softer spines, and slightly shorter ear and hind 132 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 foot; cranially, by extremely large fenestrations of the mesopterygoid fossa, larger, more inflated bullae, elongated, rather than broad, ham- ular processes, broad jugal with a distinct spinous process, narrower basioccipital, and by the enamel pattern of the molariform teeth. Remarks.—Only the typical form of the species is known. Judged by the original description and remarks by Ellerman (1940, p. 117), P. vacillator is most probably either a race of canicollis or a very nearly related species. P. canicollis was based on specimens from Bonda, Santa Marta, Mamatoco, and other nearby localities ranging in altitude, according to Allen (op. cit.), from sea level to 500 feet. Specimens were taken by the writer in the heavy deciduous forest of the Rio Cesar and the Rio Guaimaral, a channel of the Cesar. They were taken also in a nearby savanna (Palmarito) and from an intermediate site (Aguas Verdes) between the savanna and the forest. These rats were most abundant under decaying logs in the forest, and in the thick, spiny brush bordering the grasslands. Additional specimens were taken in the semiarid grass and scrub country about the town of Villanueva and in the similarly deforested region of the Ciénaga de Gudjaro. All series agree closely with topotypes of canicollis. No other species of Proechimys was found in these localities. According to Herbert H. Smith (in Allen, 1904, p. 440), who collected the type series of P. guyannensis mincae and of P. canicollis, ‘‘the latter is the common rat below 1,000 feet; the former takes its place in open lands, dry forests and thickets from about 1,000 to about 2,500 feet; but it does not extend far into the true mountain forest. Some mincae are found nearly to sea level, and canicollis occurs, rarely to 2,000 feet.” All present specimens of canicollis from the department of Magdalena are from the lowland areas surrounding the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. In the mountain mass itself, only specimens of mincae were taken. Apparently the two species have different habitat preferences where Smith collected. Specimens examined.—A total of 111, all in the collection of the United States National Museum: Bonda, 7; Santa Marta, 1; Ciénaga de Gudjaro, Atléntico, 15 meters altitude, 13; Rio Guaimaral, Rio Cesar, 140 meters, 13; Aguas Verdes, near Rio Guaimaral, 26; Palmarito, near Aguas Blancas and Rio Guaimaral, 3; El Orinoco, Rio Cesar, 158 meters, 15; Villanueva, 274 meters, 33. PROECHIMYS GUYANNENSIS (E. Geoffroy) Mus guyannensis E. Grorrroy, Catalogue des mammiféres du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, p. 194, 1803. Echimys cayennensis DesMAREsT, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., ed. 2, vol. 10, p. 58, 1817 Type locality —Cayenne, French Guiana. Distribution (of the species).—Tropical parts of South and Central America from Nicaragua to southern Brazil and Paraguay. MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 133 Characters (of the species).—Upperparts from buffy, almost grayish, to tawny mixed with black, the median dorsal area when conspicuously darker, not sharply defined as a black band; spines stiffer, less tendent, and generally more prominent in middorsal region than in canicollis. Underparts white or with a drab to pale brown lateral line, which may extend midventrally as in canicollis. Upper surface of fore and hind feet with whitish to dark brown hairs. ‘Tail sparsely haired. Point of palatal notch on a level with or behind plane across middle of last molars. Enamel pattern of molariform teeth as described. Comparisons.—Cranial characters other than those cited are not diagnostic except in comparisons with species occurring in the same or nearby localities. Comparisons have already been made between P. canicollis and the form of guyannensis found in northern Colombia. Further comparisons are made in the descriptions of the other species. Remarks.—If we accept provisionally as subspecies of guyannensis all the forms so treated by Ellerman as well as others listed below, the races of the composite species are divisible into two geographical groups on the basis of the dental patterns. The first group, which includes typical guyannensis, occupies northern South America in the areas east of the Rio Magdalena and north of the Orinoco. The ma- jority of the spiny rats here show the following formula for the enamel pattern of the molariform teeth: Se). Of the forms not seen and not assigned to group by Ellerman, the following belong here: poliopus, ochraceus, and oconneili. The occur- rence of the geographically restricted P. canicollis within the range of this group of guyannensis indicates a probably recent origin from it. Some eastern Brazilian spiny rats, including P. g. arescens Osgood, from Maranhao, conform to the characters of this group but are widely separated geographically. In Central America, western Colombia west of the Magdalena, western Ecuador, and in the Amazonian region the populations of P. guyannensis show, generally, the less simplified formulae 3-3-3-3, 3-3-4423 a eee The latter formula approaches that of the Quadruplicatus group, but present material does not indicate that it grades into it. The holo- type and an adult topotype of steerei are characterized by that dental pattern. A series of topotypes of calidior in the U. S. National Museum also show the pattern with four folds in the last two upper molars and the lower premolar. The type skull of semispinosus has four folds in only the last upper molar, as well as in the lower pre- molar. The very clear description given by Winge (1888, p. 86) 3 All formulae given and all references made to enamel folds are based on the number of outer folds in the upper and the number of inner folds in the lower molariform teeth. 134 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 shows that his guyannensis specimens have the formula of the dental pattern s3 264. Allen’s boimensis and kermiti belong here too, according to the pattern of their molariform teeth. P. leucomystax is also a member of this group, though the published figures of the upper and lower jaws of the type are not sufficiently clear to permit an exact determination of the dental pattern. The type specimen of elassops Osgood, described from Santo Domingo, Rio Inambari, Peru, as a subspecies of P. hendeei shows the cranial and dental characters of this group of P. guyannensis. Throughout this geographical group there is a strong tendency for retention, to a greater or lesser degree, of the fourth fold in the third and often in the second upper molars. In all such cases the lower premolar has four folds. This pattern is very common among the Central American Pro- echimys, and it is questionable whether the name guyannensis should apply to them. Other Central American and Amazonian spiny rats show the complete quadruplicate pattern in the upper molariform teeth and cannot be included in this group. Nevertheless, these may have been regarded, in some cases, as “‘topotypes’’ of described forms of the group of guyannensis in question. As is shown, two and even three species of spiny rats may be found in the same habitat. Pending a revision of the genus, it is recommended that the above- named forms be treated as subspecies of P. guyannensis. The forms of guyannensis (composite) collected by the author in northern Colombia represent the two principal dental types that follow geographical lines. PROECHIMYS GUYANNENSIS MINCAE (Allen) Echimys mincae ALLEN, Bull. Amer. Mus, Nat. Hist., vol. 12, p. 198, 1899. Type locality—Minca, near Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. Distribution.—Base and lower levels of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, from near sea level to approximately 500 meters above, De- partment of Magdalena, Colombia. Characters.—Palest of the Colombian and Central American races of guyannensis; color as in guairae and ochraceus of the Venezuelan coast, feet whitish, underparts white with or without a gray gular band or patch. Formula of enamel pattern of molariform teeth as in northeastern South American guyannensis, 335. Remarks.—Allen recorded 87 specimens of mincae from Minca and Bonda. At the same time he described P. canicollis from specimens taken at Bonda, Santa Marta, Mamatoco, and other nearby points, all situated on the northwestern foot and base of the Sierra Nevada. Apparently, in that region, the two species occur in the same general area, if not in the same habitat. The present author took one adult MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 135 male in the deciduous forest of the Colonia Agricola de Caracolicito, on the southern slope of the Sierra Nevada, and five males, only one fully adult, on the high wooded banks of a stream at El Salado, on the eastern slope of the same mountain mass. No specimens of canicollis were found at these localities. P. g. mincae is most nearly related to the northern Venezuelan and Guianan races of the species. It differs widely in external characters and, especially, in the enamel pattern of the molariform teeth, from the forms of guyannensis in Central America and western Colombia. From these latter it is completely isolated geographically by the Rio Magdalena. It is probable that it has, or had, before wide deforesta- tion took place, a continuous range to the north and east, intergrading with the pale races of northern Venezuela. At present, so far as known, only P. canicollis occupies the Rio Cesar Valley to the east. In the Sierra de Perij& the distinctly darker P. guyannensis poliopus occurs. Specimens examined.—Fourteen, all in the collection of the United States National Museum: Minca, 4; Manzanares, between Minca and Santa Marta, 2; Bonda, near Santa Marta, 2; Colonia Agricola de Caracolicito, Rio Ariguani, 335 meters altitude, 1; El Salado, between Pueblo Bello (Pueblo Viejo Sur) and Valencia, 430 meters, 5. PROECHIMYS GUYANNENSIS POLIOPUS Osgood Echimys chrysaeolus Tuomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 1, p. 245, 1898 (part; specimen from San Cristébal, Tachira, Venezuela, only). Proechimys poliopus Oscoop, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 10, p. 141, 1914. Type locality —San Juan de Coldén, altitude 797 meters, on the northern slope of the Sierra de Mérida near the angle it forms with the Sierra de Perij4, State of Tachira, Venezuela. Distribution.—In the Sierra de Mérida and the Sierra de Perijé, the Rios Zulia and Catatumbo drainage basins, northeastern Colombia and western Venezuela. Characters.—Darker throughout than mincae, guairae, and ochra- ceus; upperparts Ochraceous-Tawny mixed with black, underparts from nearly uniformly white to nearly wholly Drab; fore and hind feet Drab with or without white markings. Dental characters as for- mulated for mincae. Remarks.—The original description was based on a subadult, sex unknown. The present series (10 males, 7 females) from Tarra, upper Rio Catatumbo, Norte de Santander, Colombia, agrees with poliopus in the important characters, though it may prove to average darker than comparable adult specimens from the type locality. However, the series is near enough geographically to be confidently assigned to poliopus. The subspecies as now constituted more nearly 136 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 resembles the eastern Andean races of Colombia than the coastal forms of Venezuela. Specimens examined.—Nineteen. The type, collection of the Chicago Natural History Museum; Rio Tarra, 18, collection of the United States National Museum. PROECHIMYS GUYANNENSIS CHRYSAEOLUS (Thomas) Echimys chrysaeolus Tuomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 1, p. 244, 1898. Type locality—Muzo, a town in the Minero Valley of the Rio Carare, western slope of the Cordillera Oriental, Department of Boyacé, Colombia. Distribution.—Western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in the departments of Boyacd, the Santanders, and southern Magdalena, Colombia. Characters.—As in poliopus but with underparts sharply defined white, the hind feet whitish, slightly marked with brown. Remarks.—The type was “‘collected by a native.’ It is certain that it was not taken at an altitude of that of Muzo itself (1,240 meters) but must have come from somewhere farther down the valley. Four females and one male from Guamalito, near El Carmen, Norte de Santander, collected by the author, agree with the description of chrysaeolus. This race is distinguished from poliopus, and oconnella of Villavicencio, east of Bogota, by the absence of dark markings on the white underparts and by its paler hind feet. Specimens examined.—Five, from Guamalito, Norte de Santander, all in the collection of the United States National Museum. PROECHIMYS GUYANNENSIS MAGDALENAE, new subspecies Holotype.—Adult male, skin and skull, U.S. N. M. No. 280170; collected June 20, 1943, by Philip Hershkovitz; original No. 2098. Type locality—Rio San Pedro, a small stream in the northern foothills of the Cordillera Central, above the village of Norosf, alti- tude 178 meters, department of Bolivar, Colombia. Distribution.—Known only from the type locality and the lowlands west of the Rio Magdalena near Norosi. Characters.—Most nearly related to panamensis of Panama, and colombianus of the Chocé; distinguished from them by coarser mixture of black and ochraceous of back, fore and hind feet white with brown markings, not nearly uniformly brown; hamular processes narrower. Formula of enamel pattern Gaees Description of holotype-——Back Ochraceous-Orange mixed with black, sides of body Ochraceous-Buff, under surface sharply defined white; outer and inner sides of hind legs dark brown punctulated with ochraceous, hind feet white marked with brown; the brown line of outer sides of foreleg extending onto white forefoot; rostrum dark MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 137 brown mixed with buffy, cheeks buffy, eyes ringed with dark brown. Tail black above, white beneath. Measurements (in millimeters).—Those of the holotype followed by the means and extremes of the adults of the type series, including the holotype. Head and body, 239, 243 (217-278, ten specimens); tail, 164, 173 (150-192, seven specimens); hind foot, 51, 50.6 (45-53, ten specimens); ear, 24, 25 (22-28, nine specimens); greatest length of skull, 59.2, 57.3 (52.3-63.4, eleven specimens) ; zygomatic breadth, 26.4, 26.3 (24.7-28.4, eight specimens); length of nasals, 22.0, 21.5 (20.0-23.5, eleven specimens); alveolar length of molar row, 8.7, 8.3 (7.8-8.9, twelve specimens). Coloration of the paratypes.—More brightly colored than any of the Colombian races of guyannensis found east of the Rio Magdalena. As usual in the species, the individual becomes paler as it becomes older. Subadults acquiring the spiny pelage show more black on the back. With the establishment of the adult pelage, the black terminal portions of the spines become less prominent as the ochraceous bands of the soft hairs become broader, the hairs themselves, longer. In all specimens the underparts are sharply defined white, the hind feet white more or less marked with brown. Remarks.—Of the races of guyannensis found west of the Rio Mag- dalena in Colombia, and in western Ecuador and Central America, only the extremely pale decumanus of Ecuador is markedly different in external characters. Cranially there is little basis for making dis- tinctions. In the enamel pattern they all agree in having three folds in the lower molars, while some of the Central American forms in- cluding panamensis, and calidior of western Ecuador, tend to retain the fourth fold in the last two upper molars, and in the lower pre- molar. In dental characters, magdalenae shows its nearer relation- ship to the western forms than to mincae and chrysaeolus which are much nearer geographically, but on the opposite side of the Ria Magdalena. Specimens examined.—Nineteen (13 males, 6 females) all in the collection of the United States National Museum. Rio San Pedro, 17 (one with skull only); Norosi, 2 (one with skull only). PROECHIMYS HENDEEI Thomas Proechimys hendeei Tuomas, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 18, p. 162, 1926 Type locality—Puca Tambo, Chachapoyas district, Amazonas, Peru. Distribution (of the species).—Known only from the Amazonian region of Ecuador and Peru. Characters (of the species)—Upperparts ochraceous to tawny with a mixture of black, the median dorsal area more or less as in guyannensis but with spines weaker, less prominent. Underparts, in 138 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 the few known adult specimens, sharply defined white. Fore and hind feet thinly haired, white to brown. Tail sparsely haired, the large scales plainly visible. Palatal notch extends anteriorly to a plane on level with middle of M’. Enamel pattern of molariform 3-3-3-3 teeth, 4-3-2323 Comparisons.—Distinguished from western Amazonian representa- tives of P. guyannensis by consistently sharply defined white under- parts (more specimens may void this character), relatively longer tail, deeper incision of palatal notch, flatter, less inflated audital bullae, elongate, not squarely formed, hamular processes, and posterior ends of lips of incisive foramina converging toward midline. Remarks.—Within the range of hendeez a large number of forms of Proechimys have been described. Among them the following are subspecies of P. guyannensis (composite): semispinosus, brevicauda, gularis, pachita, rattinus, and hilda. The author took specimens of P. hendeei, probably assignable to P. h. nigrofulous Osgood, together with specimens of P. guyannensis gularis from the same trap lines on the banks of the Rio Napo, Ecuador. The type of nigrofulvus comes from the typical region of gularis, on the Rio Bobonaza. P. “‘hendeer’”’ elassops Osgood from southeastern Peru is a guyannensis with a super- ficial resemblance to hendeer. The description of P. rattinus from the Rio Ucayali, Peru, was based on the skull of an adult female (designated as the type) and the skin of an immature female. As already indicated, the type skull is referable to the species guyannensis. The skin, on the other hand, agrees closely with that of the type of P. hendeei and either represents that species or a parallelism akin to that noted in elassops. PROECHIMYS QUADRUPLICATUS, new species Holotype.—Adult female, Univ. Michigan Mus. Zool. No. 80080; collected October 21, 1936, by Philip Hershkovitz; original number M635. Type locality —Llunchi, an island in the Rio Napo, about 18 kilo- meters below the mouth of the Rio Coca, eastern Ecuador. Distribution.—Amazonian region of Ecuador and northern Peru. Characters.—Upperparts Ochraceous-Orange mixed with black, the median dorsal area entirely black, the black tipped spines overlaying the soft annulated hairs. Underparts sharply defined white; upper surface of fore and hind feet dark brown with a sparse covering of minute silvery hairs. Tail almost naked. Skullas in P. guyannensis; enamel pattern of molariform teeth, ——- Comparisons.—Distinguished from P. ignotus, the only other de- scribed form of the Quadruplicatus group, by richer coloration and by the well-defined median dorsal band. MAMMALS OF NORTHERN COLOMBIA—HERSHKOVITZ 139 Description of holotype-—Back and head Ochraceous-Orange mixed with black, a broad band of stiff black-tipped spines on middle of back extending as a line of softer spines over rump to base of tail; crown and rostrum heavily lined with black; sides like back but with a lighter mixture of black and becoming paler toward the sharply defined white underparts. Inner side of thigh Cinnamon-Brown, hind foot brown; foreleg and forefoot paler. Tail above dark brown, beneath sharply defined flesh color. Measurements (in millimeters).—Those of the holotype followed by the means and extremes of the adults, including the holotype, of the type series. Head and body, 220, 228 (224-234, seven specimens); tail, 162, 158(152-171, five specimens); hind foot, without claw, 48, 48(46-51, seven specimens); ear, 22, 24(22—26, seven specimens); greatest length of skull, in two paratypes, 54.4, 60.0; zygomatic breadth, 26.5, in three paratypes, 27.2, 27.6, 28.5; length of nasals, in four paratypes, 20.4, 23.0, 23.3, 25.0; alveolar length of molar row, 9.3, 9.2(8.7-9.6, seven specimens). Remarks.—Specimens of P. guyannensis gularis and P. hendeei were taken in the same localities as those of P. quadruplicatus. The in- dividuals representing the three species are quite readily distinguished from one another. However, most of the characters that separate P. quadruplicatus from them lose their value when comparisons are extended to members of the same species from outlying regions. The composite nature of P. guyannensis contributes considerably to this difficulty. Nevertheless, quadruplicatus is always distinguishable from both guyannensis and hendeei by the pattern of its. molariform teeth. The dental characters upon which specific distinction is based are not limited to P. quadruplicatus. Isolated populations of the guadru- plicatus group occur in the Amazonian region and in Central America. As noted, the spiny rat recently described by Kellogg as P. “‘semispino- sus’’ ignotus, from Pearl Island, off the coast of Panama, is referable to this group. The Proechimys with the quadruplicate pattern of the molariform teeth occurring on the mainland of Central America cannot be properly identified without comparing specimens with the types of all previously described forms from that region. The teeth of the type of the Costa Rican rubellus are too worn for exact determination of their pattern. The writer’s notes on the types of centralis and chiriquensis lack this data, and it is to be presumed that these rats, like panamensis, do not show the complete quadruplicate pattern. Reliance cannot be placed upon “‘topotypes,”’ or even “‘paratypes,”’ for dental determinations, as two or more species of very similar appearing spiny rats may occur in the same locality. No doubt additional specimens of P. quadruplicatus are represented in museum collections. Osgood (1944, p. 200) has given a description 140 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 of the enamel pattern of a series of spiny rats from Lagunas, eastern Peru, which agrees with this species. These Peruvian rats were assumed to be representatives of P. semispinosus. Specimens examined.—Fourteen (5 males, 9 females, of which only 7 are adult), a]] specimens in the collection Be the University of Michi- gan Museum of Zoology, Nos. 80068-80081, inclusive. LITERATURE CITED ALLEN, JOEL ASAPH. 1904. Mammals from the district of Santa Marta, Colombia, collected by Mr. Herbert H. Smith, with field notes by Smith. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 20, pp. 407-468. ELLERMAN, John R. 1940. The families and genera of living rodents, vol. 1: Rodents other than Muridae, pp. xxvi, 689, 189 figs. British Museum (Natural His- tory). Oscaoop, Witrrep Hupson. a: 1944. Nine new South American rodents. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., zool. ser., vol. 29, pp. 191-204. Tats, G. H. H. 1935. The taxonomy of the genera of neotropical hystricoid rodents. Bull. - Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 68, pp. 295-477. 1939. The mammals of the Gieak region. Jbid., vol. 76, pp. 151-229. Tuomas, OLDFIELD, 1921. On spiny rats of the Proechimys group from southeastern Brazil. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 8, pp. 140-143. Wince, Heruvr. 1888. Jordfundne og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien. EE Museo Lundii, vol. 1, art. 3, pp. 1-178, 8 pls. (1887). O PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington: 1947 No. 3215 A SYNOPSIS OF THE LARVAEVORID FLIES OF THE GENUS EUDEJEANTIA? By Curtis W. Sasrosky Tue large and heavily spined flies of the tribe Dejeaniini, which reach their greatest development in the Andean mountains, have al- ways attracted the attention of students of the Diptera. In an at- tempt to identify a number of specimens from Colombia, it proved so extremely difficult to name and to decide upon the status to be accorded the various forms of H'udejeania Townsend that a study was undertaken of the rather considerable material at hand. In the interpretation of older descriptions, it is necessary for the most part to use color distinctions, but I am convinced from a study of the available material that certain of these may be relied upon in this group. Genus EUDEJEANIA Townsend Hudejeania TownsEND, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, p. 334, 1912. Two species; type by original designation, H. subalpina Townsend. Eudejeania, sensu lato, ENGEL, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 48, pp. 277-292, 1920. Key to seven species and four varieties; genotype cited as H. pallida (Robi- neau-Desvoidy), with swbalpina, a variety. Budejeania TownseEnp, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 163, 1931. Discussion of the genotype and the Mexican and Central American species. Eudejeania TowNsEND, Manual of myiology, pt. 8, pp. 78-79, 1939. Generic diagnosis; said to range in many species from Mexico to Bolivia, at high elevations. 1The material upon which this study was based is contained in the collection of the U. 8. National Museum and in an interesting collection of flies kindly submitted for determination by Hernando Osorno Mesa, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogota, Colombia. 757451—47 141 142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Eudejeaniops BLANCHARD, La Plata Mus. Rev., new ser., vol. 2, pp. 353-357, 1941. Four species, two of them new; type by original designation, Hudejeaniops pseudopyrrhopoda Blanchard. New synonym (?). The genus was erected by Townsend (1912) for two new species from Peru, £. subalpina and E. nigra, the former being designated as genotype. Engel (1920) revised the genus, listed a number of species, and presented a key to seven species and four varieties, some of which are now referred to other genera. In 1941 Blanchard proposed the name Ludejeaniops for two new species plus F. pallipes (Macquart) and £. pyrrhopoda (Engel), distinguishing his genus from Eude- jeania mainly by the presence in the former of proclinate frontoorbital bristles in the female. The presence or absence of these bristles was often used by Town- send as an important generic character. Townsend’s conception of Eudejeania (1939, p. 78) was that neither sex possessed these bristles, which was true of the species that he designated as genotype (subal- pina) but not of the second species originally included (nigra). He stated also that the genus ranged in many species from Mexico to Bolivia, and he indicated that his concept included Engel’s several forms of pallipes. In reality, however, all the latter have proclinate frontoorbitals in the female sex. In fact, of all the species consid- ered in this study only swbalpina lacks them. - It is readily apparent from available material that the character is rather variable in this particular group. In a sample series of 25 females of one species (aldrichi) from Bogota, 16 had two pairs of frontoorbitals, 3 had one pair, and 6 were asymmetrical (1 on one side and 2 on the other, in one individual with 3 and 2). —Two males were found with a fully developed bristle on one side, and one male with a complete pair of bristles. Similar variation has also been observed in the other species. In view of the considerable variation exhibited in the abundant material before me, therefore, I do not accept the character by itself as a criterion of generic value. In the key (p. 153) the use of the character has been avoided except as a last resort in one instance. Curran? distinguished Hudejeania from Dejeania by the lack of acrostichal bristles in the former, though Townsend (1939, p. 78) stated that one pair of presutural acrostichals was a generic char- acter for Hudejeania. Actually the number of both acrostichal and dorsocentral bristles is highly variable in this particular genus and cannot be relied upon. Detailed notes on this will be found under E. aldrichi. The species of Hudejeania are remarkably similar in structure and habitus, and it seems unnecessary to describe the species here in the 2Families and genera of North American Diptera, p. 423, couplet 24, 1934. A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 143 detail usually associated with descriptions of Larvaevoridae. Except for the points in which variation has been noted, the generic diag- nosis of Townsend (1939, p. 78) will apply to all the species herein considered in Hudejeania. Along with other structures, the male genitalia are rather uniform throughout the genus. Some differences have been observed, especially in the shape and proportion of the fused anal forceps, but they are of a comparative nature and are not so readily defined as the characters that have been employed in this study. Insofar as differences can be observed, they corroborate the status of the species recognized here. A diagnostic key to the species of the genus follows the systematic qiscumana of the valid species of the genus (p. 153). 1. EUDEJEANIA NIGRA Townsend Budejeania nigra TowNsEND, Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., vol. 48, p. 335, 1912 (Peru, 7,800 feet). Eudejeania alpina TowNsEND, Psyche, vol. 20, p. 106, 1913 (Peru, 12,000 feet). New synonym. I have compared the types of the two species in the collection of the United States National Museum, but I am unable to find any differ- ences to justify regarding them as distinct. It is possible, of course, in view of the considerable difference in elevation involved, that were long series of specimens available one might find some consistent even if minor differences. At present I can recognize no such differences. The essential characteristics are as follows: : | Body entirely black or dark brown-black; parafacials, cheeks, and occiput yellowish to smoky golden, the occipital hairs yellow; width of front in the male equals 0.36 the width of the head; palpi orange- yellow ; third antennal segment black, the basal segments brown, nar- rowly orange about the juncture of the second and third; wings heav- ily browned; subepaulet (basicostal scale) brownish yellow to orange; legs entirely reddish yellow, the bristles and hairs of all tibiae and tarsi the same; dorsal (extensor) surface of the hind tibia, between the anterodorsal and posterodorsal rows, glabrous except for a few pale hairs at the extreme base; hind tibia with a row of 8-10 antero- dorsal bristles of varying lengths; large species, averaging 16-17 mm. in body length. | Townsend described #’. alpina as having entirely black antennae, but the type and paratype actually have the second antennal segment red- dish on the distal fourth. The character is not significant, and it is mentioned only because it might be pointed out from the description alone as an apparent difference. Besides the two type series (3,2 2 of nigra,2 2 of alpina), there are four specimens in the National Museum collection that seem to be- 144 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 long here. They were labeled by Townsend as a variety of £. punensis, but their name was never published. All are from Peru: Female, Cuzco, 11,500 feet, July 4, 1911 (Yale Peruvian Exped.) ; three females, Matucana, 8,000 feet, May 1, 1914, August 1 and August 16, 1913 (C. H. T. Townsend). 2. EUDEJEANIA PUNENSIS Townsend Budejeania punensis TOWNSEND, Psyche, vol. 20, p. 105, 1915 (Peru, 12,000 feet). This species was based on a long series of specimens, of which the holotype, 30 paratypes, and 5 topotypical specimens that may have been paratypes but are not so labeled are in the collection before me. There is only one male in the entire series (one of the topotypes). The species is easily distinguished from the other species of Hude- jeania, except pallipes, by its consistently smaller size and from all the known species by the yellowish appearance of the wings, especially toward the base. In reality, the wing membrane is entirely brown as in the other species and is only slightly paler than the others, but the veins are decidedly yellow. On the basal third of the wing, where the veins converge and are stronger, the result is a conspicuous yellow appearance contrasting strongly with the deep black of the body. Fur- ther, the species may be characterized as follows: _ Body entirely black or dark brown-black; parafacials, cheeks, face, and epistoma yellow; occiput yellow to dark gray, with yellow hairs; width of the front at the vertex in the male equal to 0.34 the width of the head; palpi bright orange-yellow; first and second antennal seg- ments bright reddish yellow, the third black except narrowly at the base; subepaulet orange to brown; legs entirely reddish yellow, the bristles and hairs of the tibiae and tarsi concolorous; bristles and hairs of the hind tibia almost as described for /’. nigra, but the extensor sur- face sometimes with pale hairs on the proximal half; smaller species, the body length consistently about 14 mm. 8. EUDEJEANIA PYRRHOPODA Engel Budejeania pallipes var. pyrrhopoda Encet, Zool. Jahrb., Abt, Syst., vol. 43, pp. 281, 287-289, 1920 (Peru, Colombia, Bolivia). Budejeaniops pyrrhopoda (Engel) BrAncHArp, La Plata Mus. Rev., new ser., vol. 2, p. 353, 1941. Engel credited the name to Schiner, using a manuscript name, but it was never published by the latter. The author is therefore cited as Engel. It seems evident from Engel’s statements on the color of the legs and their bristles, and from the consistency of those characters in the ma- terial I have seen, that Engel had at least two species under the name pyrrhopoda. I propose to restrict the application of the name to A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 145 that species with reddish-yellow legs and black tibial bristles which he regarded as the typical form. His material with these character- istics came from Madre de Dios and Urubamba, Peru [Mus. Dresden]. It is not clear from his notes whether the Bolivian specimens also belong. I have seen no material which can be identified as pyrrhopoda Engel, sensu stricto, and further elucidation of the status of this species must await a reexamination of Engel’s original specimens, if still in exist- ence, and also an adequate series of Peruvian examples. It is possible that /. birabenit Blanchard (1941) is a synonym (cf. discussion under birabeniz). EUDEJEANIA BIRABENI (Blanchard), new combination Eudejeaniops birabeni BLANCHARD, La Plata Mus. Rev., new ser., vol. 2, p. 355, fig. 9, 1941 (Argentina). According to the description Z. birabend is a species with black body, black palpi, black femora, and reddish-yellow tibiae and tarsi, the tibiae with reddish-yellow hair but black bristles. As far as I can tell from the description this species is near 2. pyrrhopoda Engel, as the latter is restricted to the form with reddish-yellow legs and black tibial bristles. Engel’s specimens came from Peru and possibly also from Bolivia. Whether the Argentine form is distinct or only a synonym will have to await study of adequate material from the Peru- Bolivia-Argentina region. 4. EUDEJEANIA HUASCARAYANA Townsend Hudejeania huascarayana TowNseEnD, Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, vol. 2, p. 171, 1914 (Peru). The only specimen that I have seen is the male holotype in the United States National Museum. It is very close to Z. nigra, differing chiefly in its blackish palpi and narrower front. Body entirely black, the abdomen with a faint reddish tint; para- facials, cheeks, and occiput golden-yellow, the last with bright yellow hair; epistoma brown; width of the male front at the vertex equal to 0.28 the width of the head, and obviously narrower than in the other species; palpi dark brown-black; antennae entirely black with only narrow reddish margins at the juncture of the second and third seg- ments; subepaulet brown; legs entirely reddish-yellow, the tarsi brighter ; tibial and tarsal bristles and hairs reddish-yellow; hind tibia with a row of anterodorsal bristles of varying lengths (broken in the type, but apparently 8-10 as in related species) ; dorsal surface of the hind tibia apparently with several rows of hairs on the basal half; large species, the body length 17 mm. 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 91 5. EUDEJEANIA SUBALPINA Townsend Eudejeania subalpina Townsend, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., vol. 43, p. 334, 1912 ' (Pert, 11,500 feet) ; Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 163, 1931. Genotype, by original '. designation. Budejeania pallida var. subalpina (Townsend) Encet, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, p. 291, 1920. Body color reddish brown or deep blood red, the disk of the mesono- tum centrally brown; parafacials, face, and cheeks light brown, only the facial ridges and a narrow portion of the parafacials near the eyes grayish; occiput grayish yellow, the hairs yellow; width of the male front at the vertex approximately one-third the width of the head (0.33 and 0.36 in two specimens available) ; female holotype with- out proclinate frontoorbital bristles; palpi deep black; antennae black, only the second segment tipped with yellow at the apex above; subepaulet orange; legs entirely reddish yellow, tibial and tarsal bristles and hairs the same; hind tibia with a row of 8-10 anterodorsal bristles of varying lengths; dorsal surface of the hind tibia not en- tirely glabrous, with 1 or 2 irregular rows for at least part of the length; large species, the body length 17-18 mm. I do not believe that subalpina is a variety of pallida Robineau- Desvoidy, at least in the sense of Engel (1920). Engel stated that the “typical” form of pallida had the tibiae covered with appressed, silvery-white hairs, which would place pallida (of Engel!) in an entirely different group of species than subalpina Townsend (cf. dis- cussion under £. pallida). Besides the female holotype and a male paratype, both in the National Museum, I have seen only one other specimen of subalpina, a male from “Cuesta von Cillutincara,” Bolivia, 3,000-8,200 m. (Fassl) , determined by Engel himself as Dejeania pallida Robineau-Desvoidy and undoubtedly one of the specimens of the same data recorded by Engel (1920, p. 292) as “pallida var. subalpina.” ‘Townsend stated that his two original specimens were males, but the one labeled “type” in the Museum collection is a female. 6. EUDEJEANIA ALDRICHI, new species Species with bright reddish-yellow legs that contrast vividly with the dark body. Male, female.—Typical habitus and structure of Fudejeania, specifi- cally Aes acterized as follows: Head dark above, the frontal stripe black and the parafrontals dark brown, the remainder of the head smoky golden to brown; epistoma brown; occipital hair yellow, the long hairs below reddish yellow; palpi black to dark brown; antennae black, the second segment nar- rowly reddish at the apex, the third segment of the male not broadened A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 147 basally; width of the front at the vertex in the male 0.38 times the width of the head (average of 10 males, Bogot4; range, 0.35-0.39) ; female with 1 or 2 pairs of proclinate frontoorbital bristles, apparently typically two (cf. introductory discussion for note on variation). Body color to the naked eye as dark as the black species, but under a microscope the abdomen is dark reddish brown, sometimes with a trace of a narrow median black vitta; acrostichal and dorsocentral bristles variable in number (cf. discussion that follows). Wing membrane and veins brown; subepaulet (basicosta) orange- yellow. Legs entirely bright reddish yellow, the tibial and tarsal bristles and hairs concolorous, rarely an isolated tibial bristle black; tarsal claws reddish yellow with black tips; hind tibia with a row of 8-10 anterodor- sal bristles of varying lengths; tibial hairs short and not so dense as in some of the other species, the ground cvlor of the tibia readily apparent; dorsal (extensor) surface of the hind tibia glabrous except for a few yellow hairs near the base. Length of the body typically about 16 mm., with a few specimens as small as 138 mm. . Type.—Male, U.S.N.M. No. 58279. Holotype, male, and allotype, Bogota, Colombia (B. Guevara), in the United States National Museum. Paratypes: Conompra: 62 males, 115 females, same data as holotype [U.S.N.M.]; female, Usaquén, Cundinamarca, September 30, 1939, alt. 2,700-8,000 m. (H. Osorno) ; male, ibid., June 9, 1939, same alt. (LL. Richter) ; male, ibid., June 19, 1941, alt. 2,850 m. (L. Richter) ; male, Paramo Guerrero (Zipaquira-Pacho), Cundinamarca, September 26, 1940, alt. 3,080 m. (H. Osorno) [Inst. Cien. Nat., Bogoté]. Ecuapor: male, Quito, 2,850 m.; male, 2 females, Aloag, 2,922 m. (F. Campos R.) [U.S.N.M.]. The species is named in honor of the late John Merton Aldrich, for many years curator of insects of the United States National Museum. This species is superficially quite similar to ’. huascarayana Town- send, but the latter has a black abdomen and the front of the male is noticeably narrower. The legs appear more strikingly reddish yellow in aldrichi, but of course this is a comparative matter that is difficult to grasp except by direct comparison of specimens. The availability of the fine series of this species from one locality (Bogota) made it possible to study the variation in certain character- istics that have usually been regarded as significant. For this purpose, a sample of 50 specimens, 25 of each sex, was tabulated. It was at once apparent that these flies exhibit a considerable degree of variation in chaetotaxy, even in characters that have been regarded as of generic significance. This was particularly true in the acros- tichal and dorsocentral bristles. If we may judge from predominance 148 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 in the present sample, the regular formula seems to be: acrostichals, 1+0 (one pair of presuturals plus none of postsuturals), and dorsocen- trals2+1. In reality, only 10 specimens (20 percent of the sample) possessed this combination. The following list gives the observed formulae for each type of bristle, though it is obvious that there would be a number of different cross combinations of the acrostichal and dorsocentral formulae: Acrostichals Dorsocentrals 1 + 0, 22 specimens 1+ 1, 6 specimens 0 + 0, 18 specimens 2 + 1, 21 specimens 1+ 1, 1 specimen 38 + 1, 9 specimens asym.® + 0, 7 specimens 2+ 2, 2 specimens asym.* + 1, 2 specimens 3 + 2, 2 specimens — asym.® 10 specimens 50 specimens = 50 specimens The actual variation was even greater than these figures indicate. Even where the number of bristles was the same on both right and left sides, those present were not always in homologous positions. What is recorded as one pair of presutural dorsocentrals may really be com- posed on the right side of a bristle in the forward position near the head and on the left of a bristle adjacent to the transverse suture. With such variation there are numerous possible combinations, and many of these were found in the analysis of the sample series. The characters that have been used in this paper for specific diag- nosis were found to be constant in the series or varied only within narrow limits. Although lack of adequate material in most of the other species made a similar detailed treatment impossible, observa- tions on the available specimens indicate that the situation in aldricha is probably typical for this group of flies. 7. EUDEJEANIA ARGYROPUS (Schiner) Dejeania argyropus ScHINER, Reise Novara, Diptera, p. 337, 1868. Eudejeania pallipes var. argyropus (Schiner) Eneet, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, p. 281, 288, 1920. EFudejeania argyropus is one form upon which there has been general agreement. It is the only species I have seen with the combination of entirely black legs, silvery hairs covering the tibiae and tarsi, and the parafacials smoky golden (“goldbraun” of Schiner). Body color deep black; parafacials, cheeks, and occiput smoky golden, the occipital hairs yellow except on the lower third; palpi deep black; antennae entirely black; subepaulet orange-yellow; legs entirely 3 Asymmetrical, the number of bristles not the same on left and right sides of the same individual. This was observed in the presutural acrostichals and in both presutural and postsutural dorsocentrals. A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 149 black in ground color, the tibiae and tarsi densely covered with silvery hairs; tibial bristles black; hind tibia with two strong anterodorsal bristles, and sometimes a weak third basad of them; dorsal surface of the hind tibia thickly covered with hairs on its entire length. Material examined, 8 specimens: Conrompia: 2 males, 1 female, Monserrate, Bogota, May 2, 1940, alt. 2,700-3,000 m. (H. Osorno) [Inst. Cien. Nat.]; male, 3 females, Bogoté (B. Guevara) [U.S.N.M.] Ecuapor: Male, Aloag (F. Campos R.) [U.S.N.M.]. 8. EUDEJEANIA PALLIPES (Macquart) Dejeania pailipes Macquart, Diptéres exotiques .. ., vol. 2, pt. 3, p. 191, pl. 2, fig. 9, 1843; suppl. 1, p. 371, 1846 (pagination of Mem. Soc. Roy. Lille; pp. 34 and 148, respectively, in the separate work.) Eudejeania pallipes (Macquart) ENGEL, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, pp. 281, 287-289, 1920. Eudejeania pallipes (Macquart) TownsenpD, Manual of myiology, pt. 8, p. 79, 1939. Engel considered pallipes, sensu stricto, to be a form with whitish- yellow tarsi, tibiae gray black in ground color but covered with silvery hairs, and brown-black femora. In the light of present knowledge of variation in the group, Macquart’s brief description (“Pieds d’un jaune pale; cuisses antérieures testacées”) shows that Engel quite probably misidentified the species. Macquart’s type came from Bogota, and we are fortunate in having in the National Museum collection a long and unusually fine series of specimens of H'udejeania from that vicinity. Two species are present in numbers, presumably being common there, and either of these might have been the original of Macquart’s species. One species, labeled pallipes by Aldrich, has orange tibiae with black bristles and orange to brownish femora. This is apparently the form determined as pallipes by Van der Wulp,‘ who also had material from Bogota in addition to specimens from Costa Rica and Panama. ‘The other species has en- tirely reddish-yellow legs with bristles and hairs of the same color. The latter might have been pallipes of Macquart, but since the type of the species was long since lost and that point can never be determined I believe it best to continue the Van der Wulp and Aldrich identifica- tion of the species. ; Engel recognized only one species of the black form with black palpi, namely £’. pallipes (Macquart), and considered melanawz as a synonym and argyropus and pyrrhopoda as varieties.. Townsend (1939, p. 79), on the other hand, expressed the opinion that these “varieties” of Engel “are no doubt valid species, which interbreed at times to produce hy- brids with intermediate characters.” The present study corroborates Townsend’s view that several distinct species are involved. * Biologia Centrali-Americana, Diptera, vol. 2, p. 8, 1888. 150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 The species which I recognize as pallipes Macquart (=pallipes of Van der Wulp and Aldrich, not of Engel) is characterized as follows: Body color black; parafacials and cheeks smoky golden to brown; occiput and occipital hairs dark gray-yellow; palpi black; antennae black to dark brown, the second segment narrowly reddish apically; subepaulet orange-yellow; legs predominantly yellow, the tarsi whitish yellow, tibiae yellow to orange, the femora deep orange becoming fus- cous toward the base; tibial bristles black; hind tibia typically with three anterodorsal bristles, the basal one weak and sometimes not evi- dent; tibial and tarsal hairs silvery white, but the tibiae less thickly covered than in argyropus and others, and ground color readily evi- dent; dorsal surface of the hind tibia with two rows of silvery hairs. Material examined, 89 specimens: Cotomsra: 16 males, 67 females, Bogota (B. Guevara) [U.S.N.M.]; male, 2 females, Monserrate, Bo- gota, 2,700-3,000 m., May 2, 1940 (#), and August 7, 1939 (H. Osorno) ; 2 females, Usaquén, Cundinamarca, 2,700—3,000 m., October 8, 1939 (H. Osorno) [Inst. Cien. Nat.]; female, above Guasca, Cun- dinamarca, 3,300 m., February 20, 1942 (E. A. Chapin) [U.S.N.M.]. 9. EUDEJEANIA MELANAX (Walker) Tachina melanaxz WALKER, List of the dipterous insects in the British Museum, pt. 4, p. 700, 1849 (Venezuela). Dejeania podiceria RonpvAnt, Arch. Zool. Mcedena, vol. 3, No. 1, p. 17, pl. 5, fig. 14, 1864. New synonym. Dejeania melanaz (Walker) AustTEN, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, vol. 19, p. 327, 1907. Gen. ref. from the type. Eudejeania pallipes (Macquart) ENGEL, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, p. 287, 1920. EH. melanaz in synonymy, “teste Austen.” The essential characters of E'. melanaz are as follows: Body color black; parafacials and cheeks silvery white except for a small trian- gular area posterior to the vibrissa; occiput silvery white, the hairs white; palpi black; antennae black, the second segment obscurely red- dish at the apex; males with subpyriform third antennal segment, about 1.7 times as broad at the base as at the apex; subepaulet brown to black; femora and tibiae entirely black, the tarsi more or less infuscated apically, at least the metatarsi yellow, in extreme cases only the distal tarsal segment infuscated above; tibiae and tarsi densely covered with silvery white appressed hairs; tibial bristles black; hind tibia typically with three anterodorsal bristles, the basal one weak; dorsal surface of the hind tibia densely covered with hairs on its entire length. The strongly developed third antennal segment mentioned by Walker is characteristic only of the males, though the females have the segment slightly more expanded than in some of the other species of the genus. The females can be distinguished from those of argy- A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 151 ropus, which they resemble, by the yellow metatarsi. Both sexes are easily separated from the other known species by having the para- facials and cheeks silvery instead of golden-brown, and the subepaulet black instead of orange-yellow. I have no hestitation in stating the synonymy of Dejeania podiceria Rondani. Fortunately the latter’s description emphasized the very characteristics upon which Hudejeania melanax is here recognized as distinct, namely, the silvery face and cheeks, legs black but with the base of each tarsus yellow, and the tibiae and tarsi silvery-haired. Most important of all, Rondani noted that the third antennal segment was “pediforme” and presented a figure showing it greatly expanded basally, in profile shaped like a foot. Walker gave no figure of the antenna of melanaz, but his detailed description of the shape of the third segment leaves no doubt that he had a specimen with this type of antenna. Engel listed melanawx as a synonym of pallipes on the authority of Austen. He referred Rondani’s species to Hudejeania, but made no further mention of it in his revision and apparently did not recognize it in the material before him. It would have run in his key to pallipes var. argyropus. Material examined, 21 specimens: Cotomsra: 2 males, 13 females, Bogoté (B. Guevara); female, Meta District, 1932 (B. Guevara) [U.S.N.M.]; male, 2 females, Monserrate, Bogota, 2,700-3,000 m., June 24, 1939 (2), and May 2, 1940 (H. Osorno) [Inst. Cien. Nat.]. Kicuapor: male, Bafios, Oriente, 8-10,000 feet, January 4, 1923 (F. X. Williams) [U.S.N.M.]. Vuenezurna: male, Mérida (S. Briceno) (labeled padllipes, det. Townsend) [U.S.N.M.]. EUDEJEANIA PSEUDOPYRRHOPODA (Blanchard), new combination Hudejeaniops pseudopyrrhopoda BLANcHARD, La Plata Mus. Rev., new ser., vol. 2, p. 353, 1941 (Argentina.) According to the description, this species has entirely black body, white pruinose parafacia!s and cheeks, black palpi, black femora and tibiae, whitish yellow tarsi, black tibial bristles, abundant silvery- white hair on the tibiae and tarsi, black subepaulet (basicosta), and large size (19 mm.). Of the species before me, this combination of characters applies only to melanax Walker. Blanchard’s two specimens were females, and it is therefore not possible to say whether the males of pseudo- pyrrhopoda also have the same broad third antennal segment to be found in the males of melanaz. Because of the considerable difference in known distribution, I hesitate to suggest that pseudopyrrhopoda is a synonym of melanax Walker. It is certainly very close, however, and on the basis of 152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 description alone I can find no means of distinguishing them. The status of the former will have to await study of further material, especially of male specimens, from Argentina. 10. EUDEJEANIA NUDITIBIA, new species A species of the group with silvery hairs on the tibiae and tarsi, differing from all other known species by the absence of anterodorsal bristles on the hind tibia. Male, female—Typical habitus and structure of Hudejeania, speci- fically characterized as follows: Head predominantly yellow, the frontal stripe black, parafrontals brown, face whitish, epistoma deep brown, parafacials, cheeks, and occiput smoky golden; occipital hairs yellow above, whitish below; palpi black; antennae black, sometimes the second segment slightly reddish at the extreme apex, the third segment of the male not broadened at the base; width of the front at the vertex in the male approximately one-third the width of the head (0.33) ; female with proclinate frontoorbital bristles (2 pairs in the holotype, 1 pair in each of the female paratypes). Body black in ground color, the thorax brown-pollinose above and gray on the sides; no acrostichal bristles, and 2 or 8 pairs of pre- sutural and one of postsutural dorsocentral bristles, at least in the type series. Wings brown, the veins reddish; subepaulet (basicosta) orange. Legs: Femora and tibiae black, the tarsi bright yellow, pulvilli sometimes brown; tibiae and tarsi covered with silvery white, ap- pressed hairs, which are especially dense on the tibiae and conceal the ground color except in certain aspects; femoral bristles and hairs and the tibial bristles black, tarsal bristles yellow, and claws yellow with black tips; hind tibia without anterodorsal or other bristles except at the extreme apex. Length of body (exclusive of spines), 15-16 mm. (Ecuador fe- male only 13 mm.) Type.—Female, U.S.N.M. No. 58280. Holotype, female, Usaquén, Cundinamarca, Colombia, 2,700-3,000 m., October 3, 1939 (H. Osorno). Allotype, Bogota (B. Guevara). Paratypes: female, Bafios, Oriente, Ecuador, 8-10,000 feet, January 4, 1923 (F. X. Williams) ; female, Venezuela, 1923 (De Ballard). Type series in the United States National Museum. 11. EUDEJEANIA ANDEANA, new species Similar to nuditibia and argyropus, differing from the former in having anterodorsal bristles on the hind tibia, and from the latter by bright yellow tarsi. A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 153 Female.—With the typical habitus and structure of H'udejeania, agreeing with the description of #. nuditibia in all particulars except the following: Thorax dark brown-black, virtually concolorous with the abdomen; three pairs of presutural and two of postsutural dorso- central bristles, though these figures are probably not significant in view of the known variation in the group; subepaulet dark orange to brown; silvery hairs on the tibiae not as dense as in nuditibia and other species, the ground color easily seen; hind tibia with four anterodorsal bristles, the distal bristle strong, the others progressively weaker to- ward the base of the tibia. Type.—Female, U.S.N.M. No. 58281. Holotype, female, “Cuesta von Cillutincara,” Bolivia, 3,000-3,200 m. (Fassl). Paratype, female, Mérida, Venezuela (S. Briceno). Both in the United States National Museum. ~ This species equals padlipes in the sense of Engel, at least in part. The holotype was determined as pallipes by Engel himself, and was the specimen cited by Engel (1920, p. 288). KEY TO THE SPECIES OF EUDEJEANIA* 1, Tibiae and tarsi with yellow to reddish-yellow hairs, tibial bristles concolorous except in pyrrhopoda and dirabeni, which have black bristles; legs entirely reddish yellow except in birabeni, which has black femora; hind tibia with a row of 8-10 anterodorsal bristles of varying lengths; dorsal (extensor) surface of hind tibia, between anterodorsal and posterodorsal rows, glab- rous except for a few pale hairs toward base, sometimes with a row or two of pale hairs extending about halfway to apex of tibia-___-_______-__-___ 2 Tibiae and tarsi with silvery-white hairs, those on tibiae usually dense and concealing ground color; tibial bristles black; femora and tibiae black, except in pallipes; hind tibia typically with three anterodorsal bristles, basal one weak, occasionally with two or four bristles, or with none (nuditibia) ; dorsal surface of hind tibia usually entirely concealed by silvery hairs, with at least two complete rows__-___--___---__-_-__-__ 7 peal ply DidCke Or cane DIGWls0l a GK | ak 2 Pn oe ee ee a Palpi bright orange to orange-yellow ; body entirely black; width of male front at vertex over one-third width of head (0.84-0.36)______________________ 3 3. Wings entirely brown; first and second antennal segments brown, the latter narrowly orange at apex; large species, body length 16-17 mm. 1. nigra Townsend Wing membrane brown but veins yellow, imparting to wing a characteris- tically yellow appearance toward base where veins converge; first and second antennal segments bright reddish yellow; smaller species, body length rather consistently about 14 mm__---_--___ 2. punensis Townsend 4, Bristles of tibiae reddish yellow, concolorous with hairs (rarely an individual PEIstie pla chaps steed hah £42 IATA As Abe! oh for Sth he eR _ SN ee 5 Bristles of the tibiae black; body black__--_----_---_- 3. pyrrhopoda Engel birabeni (Blanchard) 5 ¥or species that have been placed in Eudejeania but are not included in the key, see the discussions under pallida Robineau-Desvoidy, mexicana Robineau-Desvoidy, montana Van der Wulp, and atrata Van der Wulp. 154 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 5. Abdomen blood red to dark reddish brown; width of male front at vertex one- third or. more width of head. 0.33-—-0:89) nn a pcre 6 Abdomen black; at vertex male front noticeably narrower than in any of the other species (holotype, 0.28 head width) ____- 4, huascarayana Townsend 6. Abdomen blood red; thorax reddish brown, disk of mesonotum dull gray- black; female without proclinate frontoorbital bristles. 5. subalpina Townsend Abdomen dark reddish brown, appearing to naked eye little different from black species; thorax black; female with 1 or 2 pairs of proclinate TELL OLE USULS ete ee ee ree ae 6. aldrichi, new species (Tibiae and tarsi with silvery hairs) 7. Legs entirely black in ground color; parafacials and cheeks of smoky golden color; silvery hair on tibiae quite dense____________ 7. argyropus (Schiner) Legs with at least metatarsi yellow in ground color____________--________ 8 8. Femora and tibiae entirely black in ground color; silvery hair on tibiae dense and closely appressed, concealing the ground color from direct view-____-_- 9 Legs predominantly yellow to orange in ground color, femora somewhat darker and infuseated toward base; tibiae not so thickly covered with silvery hair, ground color quite evident___+_-__________-__ 8. pallipes (Macquart) 9. Parafacials and cheeks smoky golden; tarsi entirely yellow; third antennal segment of male only slightly broadened at base, if at all___-_____--____ 10 Parafacials and cheeks predominantly silvery white; tarsi more or less in- fusecated apically, but at least the basal segment yellow; third antennal ‘segment of male strongly broadened dorsally at base__9. melanax (Walker) (The male of pseudopyrrhopoda Blanchard is unknown, but the female will come to this point in the key.) 10. Hind tibia without bristles except at extreme apex. 10. nuditibia, new species Hind tibia with four slender but distinct anterodorSsal bristles. 11. andeana, new species SPECIES OF UNCERTAIN STATUS OR TRANSFERRED ELSEWHERE EUDEJEANIA PALLIDA (Robineau-Desvoidy) Dejeania pallida RopinEAv-DEsvoipy, Diptéres des environs de Paris, vol. 1, p. 658, 1863 (Mexico). E Pudejeania pallida (Robineau-Desvoidy) ENGEL, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, p. 291, 1920. Budejeania pallida (Robineau-Desvoidy) TowNseEnp, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 163, 1981. Townsend reported that the type was lost, but he doubted that Engel was correct in determining material from the high Andes under a name proposed for a Mexican species. AI] that can be said from the descrip- tion is that the abdomen was reddish brown and the legs reddish. Engel stated that the typical form of pallida had the tibiae covered with appressed, silvery-white hair, but inasmuch as that appearance is so striking, it scarcely seems credible that Robineau-Desvoidy would have failed to mention it had his specimens been so ornamented. £. pallida of Engel belongs in the group of species with pallipes Macquart, argyropus Schiner, e¢ al., whereas it appears probable that pallda A SYNOPSIS OF EUDEJEANIA—SABROSKY 155 Robineau-Desvoidy sensu stricto, was similar to E. subalpina Town- send. I agree with Townsend, however, that it is unlikely that the latter two are synonymous. It is possible that pallida might be rec- ognized if adequate Mexican material could be studied, but I cannot associate the name with any of the South American specimens before me. EUDEJEANIA MEXICANA (Robineau-Desvoidy) Dejeania mexicana RoBinEAU-Desvoipy, Diptéres des environs de Paris, vol. 1, p. 652, 1863 (Mexico). Hudejeania mexicana (Robineau-Desvoidy) TowNnsenp, 1931, Rev. Ent., vol. 1, p. 163, 1931. Generic reference; type lost. Townsend referred the species to Hudejeanza, linking it with pallida as one of the species with brownish-red abdomen. I am unable to recognize it from the description, or to associate it with any of the species before me. ° (?) EUDEJEANIA ATRATA (Van der Wulp) Dejeania atrata VAN DER WULP, Biologia Centrali-Americana, Diptera, vol. 2, p. 8, pl. 1, fig. 2, 1908 (Costa Rica). Eudejeania atrata (Van der Wulp) Encet, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, | p. 279, 1920. Hudejeania atrata (Van der Wulp) TowNseEnp, Rey. Ent., vol. 1, p. 163, 1931. “Apparently distinct from pallida R.-D.” It seems to me quite probable that this species is not a true Eudejeania, or, if it should prove to belong, it must be very different from the known species, according to the description. The abdomen was said to be “cordiform,” whereas Hudejeania has the abdomen sub- quadrate, with the apex quite broad and more or less emarginate on the midline. Van der Wulp also stated that his species had the “claws entirely black,” whereas in all the species of H’udejeania known to me the claws are bright yellow with only the slender apical fourth to third of each claw black. As a further difference from any of the species except argyropus, it may be noted that Van der Wulp said the legs were “totally black,” but he made no mention of the silvery-white hairs on the tibiae and tarsi that are so characteristic a feature of argyropus, and for that matter of all the other species of Hudejeania which have both femora and tibiae black. From the detail of Van der Wulp’s descriptions of color, we may safely assume that he would have mentioned the presence of such hairs had they occurred on his material. PROTODEJEANIA ECHINATA (Thomson) Jurinea echinata THomson, Eugenies Resa, Diptera, p. 516, 1868 (California). Dejeania montana VAN DER WULP, Tijdschr. Hnt., vol. 35, p. 190, 1892 (Mexico). New synonym ? Hudejeania montana (Van der Wulp) ENGEL, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 43, p. 279, 1920. Generic reference with a question. 156 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Dr. Aldrich had noted in his card catalog at the United States National Museum that montana was a synonym of Protodejeania echinata (Thomson), from two cotypes of D. montana sent by the British Museum and now in the Museum at Washington. The cotypes run directly to Protodejeania in 'Townsend’s “Manual of Myiology” (pt. 3, p. 179). The synonymy suggested by Dr. Aldrich is accepted, and montana is eliminated from consideration under Hudejeania. U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued by the SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington: 1948 No. 3216 Sue PYCNOGONIDA OF THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC AND THE CARIBBEAN By Jory W. Heparreru Since Wilson’s ‘‘Report on the Pycnogonida of New England and Adjacent Waters” (1880) and his ‘‘Report on the Pycnogonida of the Blake” (1881), there has been no comprehensive treatment of the pycnogonids of the eastern United States and the deeper waters of the western Atlantic.' The extensive dredging operations of the steamer Albatross from 1883 to 1887 off the eastern United States brought up a large assortment of pyenogonids, several of them unde- scribed at the time. These were laid aside by the late Prof. A. E. Verrill, who planned a report on them. This did not materialize, however, except for a preliminary list (1885) on the first season’s work of the Albatross. Taxonomic work on the group from western Atlantic waters since that time is represented by two short papers (Verrill, 1900; Cole, 1904b) on species from Bermuda, and one (Cole, 1906a) on a Bahama species. More recently, Giltay (1934d) described another species from Bermuda, but his plan to work up the United States National Museum collections from the Caribbean region was cut short by his untimely death. The pycnogonids of the Woods Hole region are well known 1 Edmund B. Wilson, 1856-1939, the great morphologist, embryologist, and teacher, noted for his treatise “The Cell in Development and Inheritance.’”’ His early work with the Pycnogonida has been recognized by Schimkewitsch (1887, 1889), who dedicated Achelia wilsoni, a species from southern Argentina and Chile, to him. See H. J. Muller: “Edmund B. Wilson—An Appreciation,’’ Amer. Nat., vol. 77, pp. 5-37, 142-172, ibe Louis Giltay, 1903-1937, ichthyologist and arachnologist. For an obituary, photograph, and bib- liography, see V. van Straelen: ‘‘Louis Giltay, Notice biographique avec liste bibliographique.”’ Bull. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belgique, vol. 14, No. 23, pp. 1-8, 1938, 7 15 158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 as a result of the biological survey of that region by Sumner, Osburn, and Cole (1913), and the plankton studies by Fish (1925), but the long stretch of coast from Long Island to Key West and the Carib- bean region have been inexplicably neglected. This neglect was emphasized by Timmermann’s (1932) study of the fauna of the sargas- sum in the mid-Atlantic, which demonstrated beyond question the pe- lagic occurrence of two common pycnogonids, Anoplodactylus petrolatus and Endeis spinosa. Because of our incomplete knowledge of Carib- bean pycnogonids, Timmermann was unable to conclude whether these species originated from the European side of the Atlantic or the West Indian region. Although contributing little to the zoogeography of pycnogonids, Cole’s papers on the habits of Anoplodactylus lentus (1901, 1906b) and Endeis spinosa (1910) and Dawson’s (1934) account of the corpuscles of the blood of Anoplodactylus lentus should be mentioned. Another important paper is T. H. Morgan’s doctoral thesis on the embryology of Woods Hole pyenogonids (1891), which is a fundamental contribu- tion to our knowledge of the subject.* This review is based on the Albatross collections in the United States National Museum and the Peabody Museum of Yale Uni- versity, comprising several hundred specimens; a large series of collec- tions from the earlier dredgings of the Fish Commission in New Eng- land waters (including many of the lots cataloged in Wilson’s reports), and more recent material in the National Museum from Chesapeake Bay to the northern coast of South America, including the collections from the Tortugas Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Wash- ington by various collectors over a period of years: C. H. Edmondson, 1904; Leon J. Cole, 1905, 1906, 1908; Raymond C. Osburn, 1908; Waldo L. Schmitt, 1924, 1925, 1930, 1931, 1982; H. Boschma, 1925; C. R. Shoemaker, 1926. In addition to this material, the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology have been placed at my dis- posal, representing principally the Caribbean work of the Blake and the Atlantis. Some of this material has been discussed in a pre- liminary paper (Hedgpeth, 1943b). For the privilege of examining the National Museum collections and for many other courtesies, I am indebted to Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, head curator of zoology of that museum. I also wish to thank Dr. 3 Wilson’s Blake report discusses the dredgings made north of lat. 32° N. According to Hoek, in his con- cluding remarks in the Challenger Report (1881), the West Indian collections of the Blake were sent to Alphonse Milne-Edwards along with the Crustacea, and they may still be in the Paris Museum. The material now in the Museum of Comparative Zoology dredged by the Blake in the West Indies consists of seven species from eight stations (Hedgpeth, 1943b). The Pycnogonida of the northeastern United States littoral are adequately represented in W. O. Crowder’s manual “Between the Tides,’’ pp. 334-339, figs. 319-326, 1931. The treatment is unusually com- plete for these obscure animals in a popular work. 4It is interesting to note that three eminent American zoologists, E. B. Wilson, Leon J. Cole, and T. H. Morgan, ‘‘cut their teeth’’ on studies of pyenogonids, ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 159 Stanley C. Ball, of the Peabody Museum, for the loan of the large collections from that museum, which include many valuable speci- mens listed in the literature, and Dr. Fenner A. Chace, Jr., formerly of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, for the loan of material and the time he took in my behalf while at Cambridge. The greater part of this study was carried out during the author’s residence in Cali- fornia, 3,000 miles from the eastern museums, and required con- siderable correspondence and shipment of collections back and forth across the continent. This was an imposition on the time and patience of those who were kind enough to help me, and their generous coopera- tion has had no small part in making this report possible. Also I wish to thank John C. Armstrong, assistant curator of invertebrates in the American Museum of Natural History, for the loan of the pycnogonids in the collections of that museum. I am particularly indebted to Dr. Louis W. Hutchins for permission to make use of the collections made by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution fouling survey in advance of the comprehensive report on that collection in order that all the species found in the area of this report might be included in it. CLASSIFICATION The Pycnogonida constitute an independent class of the Arthropoda, with characters indicating affinities with both the Arachnida and Crustacea.’ Their systematic position has been well summarized by Marcus (1940b, p. 129): ‘‘The Pantopoda do not in any phase possess the crustacean biramous limbs nor the arachnomorphous body composed of cephalothorax (prosoma) with six pairs of append- ages and abdomen (opisthosoma). Therefore it seems advisable to consider them as a separate class of the Arthropoda—or the Euar- thropoda, if the Malacopoda (Onychophora and Tardigrada) are left aside—and not to include them in the Crustacea or Arachno- morpha (Merostomata and Arachnoidea) and thereby make diagnoses for these classes impossible.’’ There are about 50 genera and 500 species of pycnogonids, but the group is so compact that many of the families are merely categories of convenience. Although attempts to divide the Pycnogonida into orders have been unsuccessful, there are two general groups. The first group, including the families Nymphonidae, Ammotheidae, 5 Aside from considerations of personal sentiment and of priority (Pycnogonides Latreille, 1810; Podo- somata Leach, 1815; Pantopoda Gerstaecker, 1863), the majority usage of Pycnogonida by English, Scandinavian, French, and American writers overrules the Pantopoda of the German, Russian, and other writers. Norman (1908) resurrected Leach’s Podosomata because he did not believe that the name of a class should be derived from that of a genus included init. Why not? (Cf. Bouvier’s (1923, p. 3) passionate comments on the subject.) In the recent revision of A. S. Pearse’s ‘“‘Zoological Names’’ (Duke Univ. Press, 1947) it would appear that I have sanctioned, the retention of orders, since I am cited as the authority for the pycnogonid names in this brochure. I suspect the author was reluctant to adopt such a radical excision from his list. 160 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Tanystylidae, and Colossendeidae, have ovigers in both sexes. Most of these families are also characterized by the presence of both cheli- fores and palpi in the adults, although the chelifores are reduced in the Tanystylidae and usually absent in adult Colossendeidae. The -second group, comprising the Phoxichilidiidae, Endeidae, and Pycnogonidae, have ovigers only in the male and lack palpi, with the exception of rudimentary knoblike growths in some Phoxichili- diidae. - Chelifores are also lacking in the Endeidae and Pycnogonidae. Midway between these groups is the family Pallenidae. Ovigers are present in both sexes in this family, chelifores are present and often well developed, but the palpi are greatly reduced or entirely lacking. In this family is included the genus Pallenopsis, which resembles the phoxichilidiid genus Anoplodactylus in the possession of tubular femoral cement glands in the male and in the structure of the cephalic segment. Pallenopsis has in fact been included in the Phoxichilidiidae by several writers, notably Calman and Gordon. Fentanymp hop Ficure 4.—Diagram of the families of Pycnogonida. The fractions indicate genera and species. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH i61 The relationships and comparative importance of the families have been discussed at greater length elsewhere (Hedgpeth, 1947). As can be seen from figure 4, which is in the nature of a quantitative as well as qualitative diagram of the families, I have reduced the number of families to eight: 1. Nymphonidae Wilson, 1878. 5. Ammotheidae Dohrn, 1881. 2. Pallenidae Wilson, 1878. 6. Tanystylidae Schimkewitsch, 1913. 3. Phoxichilidiidae G. O. Sars, 1891. 7. Colossendeidae Hoek, 1881. 4. Endeidae Norman, 1908. 8. Pycnogonidae Wilson, 1878. Although the traditional order of the families in large reports has no particular correlation with the relationships of the families, it seems best to retain it as a matter of convenience. “first tibia y eye tubercle xe lateral process chelifore: Scape abdomen chela, < Gs first coxa second COxa third coxa \\s emur tarsus /VWymphon grossipes(Fabr) A--propodus — i/-—terminal caw ~~ auxiliary claws Figure 5.—Anatomical characters of a typical pycnogonid. econd tibia 162 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF PYCNOGONIDA [MODIFIED FROM MARCUS, 19408, PP. 15-16; SHE FIG. 5 FOR ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS] 1: Chelifores and spalpijpresemt. 6)" 6 ek oe i oh) ee ee 2 Chelifores or palpi, or both, lacking or greatly reduced______--_---------- 8 2. oheltores aud palpi both well developed: == 2.5) 2422 ee 3 Chelifores or palpi; but not both, reduced_ 2 == 3-22" SS eee 6 3. Palpi 17-20—jointed, first pair of legs with 12 or 13 secondary joints. Ammotheidae (Nymphonella) Palpi not more than 10-jointed; legs 8-jointed; usually with a terminal Clay Ro tients ed ee gered tO DR he 3 el EE ce ee ares Sa er 4 4. Palpi 5-jointed, chelae well developed, or palpi 6-9—jointed, chelae small or THUD CUNY 1 GUT Ypcsctet yates ese ee res eh ee eee eee a ir 5 Palpi 9-10—jointed; 5 or 6 pairs of legs. Colossendeidae (Decolopoda, Dodecolopoda) 5. Palpi never more than 5-jointed; chelae well developed, overreaching pro- hoséis: 4 or-5\ pairs of legs... 2-2 2 bak Nymphonidae (p. 179) Palpi 6-9-jointed; chelae small, chelifores usually shorter than proboscis. Ammotheidae (p. 240) Chelifores 2-3—jointed, chelae well developed; palpi 1-4—jointed. Pallenidae (p. 199) Chelifores present, but chelae reduced to knobs, palpi 4-10—jointed__-_--__- cf 7. Chelifores 2-3-jointed, shorter than proboscis, chelae reduced. Ammotheidae (p. 240) Chelifores 1-2-jointed, palpi never more than 7-jointed. Tanystylidae (p. 266) (=) Soe helitores or palpi lacking, but not both..l..._.--. 2-25... 2. ee 9 Bore cheliorcs and paipr lacking. 2.7.2. 22.3.5) 6-225 Su eee ee 12 Se Chelitores present, palpi lacking. ...2_..2...4-4....... 304 = ee 10 Chelifores lacking, palpi present... bees) Pe eee ee 11 iO: vOvigers 10-jointed, in both.sexes=5__ 8. - s. = 2 Pallenidae (p. 199) Ovigers less than 10-jointed, in o& only_-.--_____- Phoxichilidiidae (p. 216) it. Palpi 4-7—jointed; small forms. 2.-.— 4.2... =--s-2-. Tanystylidae (p. 266) Palpi 8-10—jointed; chelifores sometimes persistent; mostly huge deep-water TiC a0 0 fea Se Wn. ME VR AY al ee Oe pits CO Colossendeidae (p. 268) 12. Body slender; legs about twice as long as body; auxiliary claws present. Endeidae (p. 238) Body stout; legs short, not much longer than body; without auxiliary claws; A Grea pairsyOL lepea i oo. cet rete ee SS te Bk Pycnogonidae (p. 276) ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL DISCUSSION The western North Atlantic and Caribbean regions represent two distinct faunal provinces, the Boreal-Arctic and the American Sub- tropical. These two provinces overlap along the coast of the eastern United States between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras. The pelagic fauna of the Sargasso Sea and the littoral fauna of Bermuda are ulti- mately related to the American Subtropical province. This is espe- cially true for the pycnogonids. (See figs. 6, 7.) The collections of pycnogonids from these regions that have been examined for this study include 24 genera and 70 species. All but one of the previously known species are represented in the collections; the missing species is Nymphopsis anarthra Loman, described from the Venezuela coast. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 163 The most interesting feature of the fauna of the western Tropical and Subtropical Atlantic is the occurrence of several small species, previously known from the eastern shores of that ocean. In the following discussion this distribution is attributed to the dispersing influence of ocean currents rather than to evolutionary convergence. Certainly the large number of closely related species in the Pycno- gonida suggests a tendency toward divergence. On the other hand, the occurrence of decapodous species in widely separated families might be considered an example of convergence, although it is equally possible that it is simply the result of a basic similarity of chromosome pattern among the groups concerned. It may be significant that the distribution of these 10-legged pycnogonids appears to be localized or continuous insofar as it is known, i. e., there seem to be no im- portant gaps in the ranges of the various species. Furthermore, as far as we know, they are restricted to the Antarctic and the Caribbean. I have discussed the problem of 10-legged pycnogonids in greater detail elsewhere (1947). This zoogeographical discussion is confined to the shallow-water and littoral species, the distribution of which is more subject to geographical features and surface currents than that of the deep- water species. The species of pycnogonids known to occur in the western North Atlantic are listed in table 1. TABLE 1.—Distribution of Pycnogonida found in the western North Atlantic and the Caribbean {Species in brackets found occasionally in American waters south of lat. 60°. S=surface tow or sargassum records. P=deep pelagic tows] De |ltsiee Sl | es ay |G. QD ale D in 3/2 fe | 8 Bilge) |ge| (esl | 28 <2 ae Ag & a Ss 2 (S) sea 8 S| Ol\_s ° a (S25 ia) @ |yolen = 22/2 5/ES| ~g2 a |e | 8 |28/38| e¢ Species SSlIS8/82] 98 ola SE lemeehsoi@e as Hsised\/oQl Sa > 3G iS) ao |o c am 43/5 :|A5|/ 07> | 3] 2/8 mz | 8 |,8] 2] 98 4 aS|ee Bt Bole cea li ceieelons Bs gg\*~l, lim iy = lea aie aS a= 3 |£sis aa @ (4 ja2 |S jaja jale?| = See | as NYMPHONIDAE: : Nymphon spinosissimum Fathoms (Norman) Re 8 | Xe (a alee a Eas Bg | we ell) RN || a ie 190-471 hirtipessBell == >. Gy [eeeee| eG eee Peel het a hata eh sete) a lb «eel eS eed 25-218 tenellum (Sars) -------- S| | FE 2a | ae Cea ree (ce | et aoe | Re ee Wen RN | |S 218-938 grossipes (O. Fabr.?) Rr Oyereat= te oan Pap] | 221d, Gh | bP Gg |e a Son eel Wee IO a sha | unt lit.-677 [brevitarse Krdyer-____-- DG ee (eee Bs Spe ea [ad Pa Eee Pata |e tana ee na Sublittoral] longitarse Krdyer_____- 2G | ES E>: | iene). be ee ae | ferme | Nabe UM Sf] a8 oats | ute. 16-155 (428f) stro6mi Krgyer___..__-- SIRS | Soc | ORSig He RE | OH MC I a ee BRIS || ko RS ER 7-524 (elegans Hansen______- >. (=a eee | SRS Fe Mh inal Nhe 58 aa a eal ely Ee | 314] rubrum Hodge_____-_-- 1 |S oe > Ge Soles) a eee (a be REA feed 2 Se aa Sublittoral macrum Wilson. -_---- Di (i: |. Gl >. aa eae ae | ee, Clee We, Ca oe le pla re 35-843 [sluiteri Hoek ______-_- Oy. | Ee tT (7) J fetes prey | ese | ee em | ae | FI ee weet Abt. 100] CULAYTRME WiSDOCIES ee |e xis | etme | |e a ES a ls ee (?) floridanum, new spe- | CATS ASR RS SS oe EU re fi ea es ee ee | >: 1 (ps rae aE Pann ie | S-30 164 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Tasie 1.—Distribution of Pycnogonida found in the western North Atlantic and the Caribbean—Continued %£ |g lo is 2 |. a5 b3\5 are a2\2 |8_| a gle} [fe| [SB as ae) 9/22 lgal [esl a (eles) “E galeslee| =2 aj-=| |.£| 8 (BSISz] es Species Se eS EE 38 ae |e Se i sé E BS fa\Su|80/ O° | 3] 2 [o> m2) & lee gS a gies! o S/S (fal e}e" | & Isols >H RS E Qo Ais |e Qa, Ss vA 3 O15 a< 3° : -) a 3) So |e u i) a S18 cS We) Al Ai == cfd <= ff fom aS | a4 PALLENIDAE: Callipallene brevirostris Fathoms @obnston) S22 ee see eee (62) al fea i (| ea SR (eae | PONS Bea reel poss §-28 phantomea:(DonrM)-s=-|=- 22) Ao so a|2-2 =| 2-=-1 == Soe xe 3, S| | ee meats Ss emaciata (Dont) 2.2220 222 |-2 | ee eee lee S)|22Ba|p eee 2am | ere pes iS} acus (Meinert) -_------ DS | (Pay fad | ED. 8) >. 9 et (SS See ee | eee eel sene 499-1, 356 Pseudopallene circularis (Gondsw)t- pt rete “2-22 D- ese Sea > € gy | ae eal | a bee |S SONG ES: fee ee eee Lit.-55 Cordylochele malleolata (SAEs es eee ae nea ed iad Sg ig ne: Cat || ta he aes a an nf a Beata ok 218-826 longicollis Sars___._---- 3, ale, Ss ae eee BG pe ee eet | eee eS |e cst ey eas [ores 270-273 Pallenopsis forficifer Wil- Sa) a5 opt ae me a PS [EE || oe (ees I ee SX e2Xe* |= aes eee cea peoee 200-352 longirostris Wilson__--- Ke CR a ee een | SF Ss kes | Seed es Sees se eee Seo Sas5 79-841 calcanea Stephensen =| (Ps GP sees ee ee pase eee 500-1, 000 SCMMAVEed pei == shee lo —- ene eens nes | eee Gal abe [a 3 te, ener s Ee tet # 20-155 Pigrogromitus timsanus Calman: 82 ie eee ee ae ea lg. Gel EES Vee Le eee Stier |=-=-|=-—= Buoy, 3ft. PHOXICHILIDIIDAE: Phozichilidium femoratum Gate): 22s oo OG ee ol Oe US. Sie | eae ee ee ee eee p>, ea (eel (ee PO Lit.-55 Halosoma robustum (Dalim) eeeses nese aoa ee =| | 2. | eee eae DG lao. Gol eres by; Gey iets jee Littoral Anoplodactylus peticlatus CR yer) eer ene == FERS he species eT ke. Sa ae eS e> 5g yl ES Eo S43 paroue Giltay ses es 6) es 2 2s iE EC Eee IES EE. RE SER ee See 12-45 DYCNUMeNs (HOUC) 2." |=-2a\o- ei -o| pos, [asec n= p>, Gy | apg | epee lal [amas og aa (eed ee rs Lentus Wilsone =) 2 S\en=4|-==2 ea lI >; al Ve a | | ne | | eo ba pt poe Lit.-150 insignis (HOCK) == -<4- 5} 2524) 3-=2)=- S| Fee IK |) SK trea eh eS is ee a 3448 typhlops Sars__-----.--|--+- Pig hte) ee St ee seed Maki es SRN =o Be a] 38 Sd ei 582 ? maritimus Hodgson_-|---- rs fe | fe | peered (eae |e | C2) ie sale rt al a ee sere (2) DOnRGHOACIBOUVICr: 4 see sl A | ee a ee EXE iis Se AIS oe Sone ae (2) COFUALBOLENERECUSOY 2-0 ose | cee a eee eee ioe Ge | dC | SS San aera io hep wane Littoral evelingerNiarens: 2) {|e lease | 5 ea IE | te So ee Ee ee. Littoral quadratispinosus edo paul= tees an Peale a alee esto DG ORS | ey 3 Parner es eae rapes (?) stylirostris, new spe- ClGSe Fae 2 Se os be ed ese | IX], OX eee Al ce eal ere Littoral MEChRUSs; MEW SPECIES Nae |= =| a= a[a22e_| == SE |e? SEE | ee Oe eee ee ~22 3-10 ‘SD sPAS ML ORG GAS) = sere eal. a ees Sle Se S| Pom Nees |e. Go| EE | ate ns | FE ees 10 Sp; r@Wlonida) Sse oe Nes ee see aE So ee KE Sl a 8 al) Sa bee cabs 45 ENDEIDAE: Endeis spinosa (Montagu) _|----|S, A|----| XS | K | X | X8| KX] X x | | es S-38 AMMOTHEIDAE: Achelia spinosa (Stimp- Son) Wilson. 202. 22-32 |S eo Be | an] ee | Pe | Ee kee es 0 Re aren Pee) | ee Littoral scaora Wilsons. 2222 3)2224t- BSP | face) pmreereat bo ee | eey | ee | eel gh eee fre wed Lit.-45 Qraciis Verritle. 22 ess Pale eee Bl G9) ee | ee | ee eee) eee ee Littoral savvayar Nearcus... 8-2) 8] 222 3] 5a Eee SHOR 4] Sed Sa eS nl OH Pe ae Lit.-25 brevichelifera, new Speclesses 252-20 ao let bola Xl ole a ee SS oe) | ees 410-428 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 165 Tasie 1.—Distribution of Pycnogonida found in the western North Atlantic and the Caribbean—Continued ‘ q ae! uN rat on 1 Oi oO, cola [5 | 8 alae) |ga| (Sei | 8s aa["a|43 ei5S |Ge P ae S| Slo] & 3 S) Pl gg ls ol83 Sal2sleol—a| | Alcs S| 8 |g8igel eq Species SHIES[sS\ a8 o las SE! § |sal*8 aS aAS|AR<4itbal of a|e|se 5 g SO} a a 4FlS-(dO/O* 1a] 3lSh Zz | ee Sl 95 Balscs]. |3/S lesa] e"| € [seis Ba z 9 Evia | BIS eal S| ae] 3 lege a 2 ag Se & o | S18 Ea! (Se co |Ss5/s Sq mM 1 14 | Aalif# jo |jal4 a |s5lo A= AMMOTHEIDAE— Continued: Ammothella rugulosa (Ver- Fathoms mill) eek ee ee ee alent [Le Slee >: Sy [Bee (OO a | a | Rd ine | ao Littoral MUENCUST We WASpecies- ||4——-|\-=-=|=_.-|---=-2]-=5 | > So a eel (baer i ae | es eee Littoral Nymphopsis anarthra Lo- TYTN ee era see (ah eer eee (Ee Ra (a DOO (aaaeees (Se ee cas (renee (eee | Ee 20 duodorsospinosa Hil- [C0 0b aes sae a Of Vee | ee oe | A, Da boo; Ca | eR (see hee ge ae >.< Lit.-10 Paranymphon spinosum @aulleryss-s- eee e+ Sol se (ce (eRe. Gm FA Maea | by (| | | | Sh Ae |S Ss 349-705 Ascorhynchus armatus (Wail Soin) ee ewes a de 8 | b, Goame| ( ee > al [eae (ER | a EP oe Boe a G2) 170-1, 374 latipess (COG) = <— eee |e aeeale sp eaee aoe Kah] ORG se re ee pee ee 200-352 COP Eed pet hes =a eee aoe |e. eee ae > poe (RE eee) ee en 70-80 Serralum, DEW SPeCIES =}-.-2| -s2aee"- 2-5 2) | BG RMN | ays) (OUR | ere 231 Eurycyde raphiaster Loman__|-_---|----|]_-__]----_- eae . ah fee- Se pat a fe SON IE Sor D.Ga | i Littoral Ephyrogymna circularis Hedg- OVEYTA gy, SB ee me ENE oe mae EE (|| ae | eee DG (eee |steaey Mee Ue emer | eye. Pe 565 Heterofragilia fimbriata 1S (eros 0) 3) Ho hee Se an RR ee = ee | ee Pe OK fr ll 7 | a aa | ee 476 Calypsopycnon georgiae, new PenTsianakspeciess. oo. 25 |Se= | 2c See |S (2) |--2- 3| 8 | ea See SS pk fel ee i TANYSTYLIDAE: Tanystylum orbiculare VWillSorae es Pe ek ee eee D>, OY | a WD. 9] TS} E.Coli ames gd Led N ey |e oie Lit.-15 calicirostre Schimke- Witscht a. see ee ele seen | see D. Gm tee ol ac |e es eee ee weno; 8 Littoral COLOSSENDEIDAE: GOlOssenidcisian Gusta SATS == |) ke Aden — |) GSS ee ee es | eee ae ee 86-1, 700 colossea Wilson__------|---- 3G) OR eb Sra) RS Te 2 Sl Wa (ee ey (tN | 499-1, 374 Minuin-Lloek-- 2222222 |2S2e|-.-- 5 Gal Eee | eae) |e ares [eae |e) ES AEN Eee. Fl ee 811-1, 250 macerrima Wilson___--]---- Del] Sead | 2 Siting | ae [remem (IY le Fo Ee: yt Al me de 231-1, 073 clavata Meinert___-----|---- gl (ARE RE Sa (NR ay Fa A fe PY pe aed 2 (ee 855-1, 230 michaelsarsi Olsen_-_---|---- (2) eee EE 2 a ee es Dag eee 858 Pentacolossendeis retic- . THAI AG 116 Kea OY) He RE BO ee | a (mel ap | a re) | | Sos [scenes] eect es 2 ee oe | es | ore 98-110 PYCNOGONIDAE. Pycnogonum littorale (SErG0)) pete ene eon DG | eee) i>.) |e. ase || a G9) ESI ID: > a WH ine Lit.-810 crassirostre Sars____---- > Cl eae E>, Ge epee: SS FER | fi 5B 2 2 ere XN S| es ee ok Ee 129-207 reticulatum, new SPOCICS = Deen Ree acre [Dre el) eer |e D.@ia Som |S a om pet ie | x Littoral Pentapycnon geayi Bouvier_|_--_|----}_---|------]----]---- Sl | eee | Pe ee 38 NEW ENGLAND The southern limit of the characteristic Boreal-Arctic fauna in the western North Atlantic is Cape Cod, and most of the pycnogonids from the New England-Newfoundland region are widely distributed in the colder waters of the North Atlantic (fig. 6). Nymphon hirtipes, 166 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 24140 ewe fee e ey races e . — > 7 atorial Cy, Eg beeen Hey a * ye = Boreal- arctic: Nymphon hirtipes » & Mymphon longitarse \,, Sub-tropical: ; «. O Endeis spinosa (@-pelagic) « VAnoplodactylus insignis =. Se Endeis spinosa and Sargassum sp \ (dravm to diferent scales) Adapted {rom National Geographic Society map, Atlantic Ocean” 01939} IW Hedqpeth, 1943 Figure 6.—Distribution of various cold- and warm-water pycnogonids (from various sources). N. longitarse, and Pseudopallene circularis are typical species of this region. Except for a single deep-water record for Nymphon longitarse at about latitude 40° N., these species are not found south of Cape Cod. There seem to be only two species that might be considered indigenous to the New England region, Achelia spinosa and A. scabra. But Achelia spinosa is considered to be synonymous with the European A. echinata by several writers. Few littoral species have been collected from both the Gulf of Maine region north of Cape Cod and the Woods Hole area immediately ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 167 south of the Cape. The species known to occur regularly on both sides of this limitmg promontory are Pycnogonum litiorale, Phoxi- chilidium femoratum, Nymphon grossipes, and Achelia spinosa. Three of these are ubiquitous Boreal species whose southern limit seems to be Long Island Sound.°® / Northern Jimit of ak “ warm water convergence O Anoplodactylus petiolatus X Endets spinosa Ficure 7.—Occurrence of pycnogonids on sargassum in the mid-Atlantic (after Timmermann, fig. 3). The pyenogonids of Woods Hole are notably few. Only three species are common in that locality: Tanystylum orbiculare, Cal- lipallene brevirostris, and Anoplodactylus lentus. The last two have been reported from the Bay of Fundy, but both records are of single specimens. They can be considered accidental vagaries if not errors in identification or labeling. All three species are widely distributed southern forms, and Woods Hole represents their northern optimum limit. The pelagic sargassum species Endeis spinosa occurs sporadi- cally at Woods Hole when sargassum drifts into that region. Curiously enough, Anoplodactylus petiolatus has not been collected at Woods Hole, although it seems to be more common in floating sargassum than Endeis spinosa is (fig. 7). 6 Stephensen’s (1933) record of P. littorale from Barbados is not supported by the collections examined; it may be a result of mislabeling. 168 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Cole (in Sumner, Osburn, and Cole, 1913) suggested two other species as possible members of the Woods Hole fauna: Nymphon grossipes and Pycnogonum littorale. They are yet to be collected from that precise locality. THE CARIBBEAN Thirty-four species and 16 genera of pycnogonids have been identified from the Caribbean region, most of them from the vicinity of the Tortugas Marine Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and Key West, Fla. Several of them were originally described from such widely scattered localities as Norway, Naples, Cape Verde, and the Galapagos. The characteristic element of this fauna is the genus Anoplodactyius. This genus is predominantly tropical and is as characteristic of warm- water regions as Achelia is of temperate latitudes and Nymphon is of the colder water of the higher latitudes. Anoplodactylus is repre- sented in the West Indies by at least 13 species. ‘Two of these, Anoplodactylus lentus and A. insignis, appear to be common, but the others are represented by one or two specimens or sporadic collections. The relatively large size and conspicuous coloration of these two species may account for this greater apparent abundance. Seee eee Aibihiea lei pee ee oe ee eee eee FAT oP SG eee ween Fe ae a ANID cop LOS 0 a See one ae cee eee ot GRAMPUS RECORD Lat. N. ° , Mu 40 02 49 42 17 00 42 25 40 39 56 45 43 10 00 43 05 00 42 20 00 41 48 30 30 47 30 30 53 00 31 09 00 39 46 00 45 07 00 44 01 00 Sb yeZO SOLD Rees AIDE ee BEE eee 43 30 00 M.C.Z. uly 2b 10315 2 oe 8 42 16 00 Long. W. ° 7 ur 68 49 00 63 37 15 66 08 35 70 20 30 79 26 00 50 51 00 62 56 00 64 18 00 64 40 30 65 07 30 65 44 30 79 49 00 79 42 30 72 33 30 71 19 00 55 09 10 59 02 30 69 48 00 65 34 00 Depth Fathoms 407 | 1 Number of specimens 150 | 2 (lov. &@) 122 | 1 122 | 2 440 | 1 471 |+15 (incl. ov. 7") 72 | 1 (ov. &) 55 60 104 111 270 273 352 326 90 140 NNRFPRFP ENE YEP 45 | 1 160 | 6 Ficure 14.—Nymphon rubrum Hodge: a, Dorsal view; }, chela; c, palpus; d, tarsus and propodus. 192 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 This handsome species is the largest local member of the genus. It is usually about 10 cm. in extent, but mature specimens nearly half that size are known. Distribution —Primarily a Boreal-Arctic species, occurring as far north as latitude 82° (Stephensen), but it does not appear to be circumpolar, being unknown west of Baffin Bay or from eastern Siberia. But Hilton (1942a) mentions ‘“Nymphon gracillipes’’ from Albatross station 3540 (Bering Sea); although NV. gracilipes is considered a synonym of UN. strémi, this record is doubtful. Nymphon strémi is common in the New England region from 7 to 100 fathoms, but it has been dredged from over 500 fathoms. The Albatross records, stations 2666, 2667, and 2669, off South Carolina and Florida, are the southernmost localities for this species. NYMPHON RUBRUM Hodge Figure 14 Nymphon rubrum Hopes, 1865, p. 41, pl. 10, fig. 1.—Sars, 1891, pp. 58-61, pl. 5, fig. 2, a~-k.—Normavn, 1908, pp. 208-209, pl. 29, figs. 4-7. Nymphon brevirostre HopcE var. rubrum Dersucin, 1935, pp. 102ff, 140, fig. 16. Nymphon rubrum STEPHENSEN, 1935, pp. 9-10.—NeEEDLER, 1943, p. 11, fig. 18, a—c. This small species was collected by A. H. Leim in Minas Basin, Nova Scotia, on September 8, 1920. There are four somewhat bat- tered specimens in the lot as lent to me by Dr. Alfreda B. Needler and Dr. A. G. Hunstman, of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. No specimens seem to have been taken by the U. S. Fish Commission during its intensive investigations of the 70’s and 80’s. Because of its small size it may have been overlooked, but it is probably rare. Superficially Nymphon rubrum looks like a small grossipes, but the lateral processes are more widely separated, and the very long, straight spines on the proximal half of the propodus are not found in any forms of grossipes. As the name suggests, the creature is red in life. Ste- phensen considersrubrum very close to if not identical with N. brevirostre (Hodge), while Derjugin considers it, together with N. brevitarse, a variety of brevirostre. (See the discussion under Nymphon grossipes.) This species is often identified as N. gracile Leach, but neither N. rubrum nor N. brevirostre has the long fourth joint of the palpus which distinguishes gracile, a warm-water species found from the southern coast of England to Morocco and the Mediterranean. According to Sars’s figures, N. rubrum has tufts of setae at the distal ends of the femur and tibiae, but they are not present in the specimens from Nova Scotia. Distribution.—Norway to Belgium, British Isles to Plymouth, Nova Scotia. * ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 193 NYMPHON MACRUM Wilson Figures 18, d; 15 Nymphon macrum Wiuson, 1880, pp. 487-489, pl. 4, figs. 21-23. Nymphon brevicollum Hoxrx, 1881, pp. 45-47, pl. 3, figs. 13-15. Nymphon macrum Sars, 1891, pp. 89-91, pl. 9, fig. 2, a-g. Nymphon brevicollum WuttEAvEs, 1901, p. 263. Nymphon macrum WHITEAVES, 1901, p. 263. Nymphon brevicollum OtsEN, 19138, pp. 5-6. Nymphon macrum STEPHENSEN, 1933, pp. 17-18; 1935, pp. 21-22.—Onsnima, 1936, p. 862.—Hi.Ton, 1942a, p. 3.—-NEEDLER, 1943, p. 10, fig. 11, a-e. Ficure 15.—Nymphon macrum Wilson, northern form: a, Dorsal view of female; b, anterior ventral view; c, lateral view; d, terminal joint of oviger; ¢, palpus; f, leg and tarsal joints; g, chela. Florida form: 4, Dorsal view of female; 7, lateral view of male: j, tarsus and propodus; &, terminal joint of oviger. 194 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Von. 97 ALBATROSS RECORDS eueee Date Lat.N. | Long. W. | Depth | Number of specimens ory ant or a” Fathoms 206s sBODLEMDEE 15) 188os8 = a oe ee ee 42 15 25 65 48 40 122 1 2069 |_-__- (01 eee Re Se ee See nea SARS oe 41 54 50 65 48 35 101 2 D200 eee a2 (6s Read a Ss ote oak es sett EP eed a 41 56 20 65 48 40 113 2 PTD AP NOVEMIDER LT aSiaee wre ead Ld eee 35 49 30 74 34 45 843 af SPAT Gr en OOS sa ae ee ees Be os Sern a Se 35 45 23 74 31 25 888 ? 2470s RING. cost copie = se eee 2 ee ee eae 42 55 30 50 51 00 471 1 DAT tuRLLy tA Sip ote me: Et eee. ae a eee ee ee 44 34 00 56 41 45 218 L 1 This is probably the record given by Stephensen (1933, p. 18): ‘‘Collected by the Albatross at 41°50’ N., 65°68’40” W., abt. 220 m.’’ There is no Albatross station for such a position. 2 Teste Hilton; verified by correspondence. ADDITIONAL RECORDS Fish Hawk station 7283, lat. 24°17'30’’ N., long. 81°53’30’’ W., 127 fathoms Feb. 19, 1902, 1 female. State University of Iowa Bahamas Expedition, between Bahamas and Cuba, 1 male (ov.). M. C. Z., lat. 42°16’ N., long. 66°34’ W., 160 fathoms, July 25, 1931, W. C. Schroeder coll., 2 females. This species is somewhat variable in the shape of the neck and separation of the lateral processes. The usual type, as described by Wilson, is illustrated in figure 15, a—i. An extreme variety will be found in figure 13, d. The type figured by Sars is midway between these extremes. ‘The long chelae with their closely set spinules and the very long auxiliary claws are characteristic of both forms. The two specimens from the Florida region (fig. 15, h-k) are too close to Nymphon macrum to be considered a separate species in spite of the considerable southern extension in range. The previous record is that by Stephensen (1935), who identified the species from latitude 41°32’ N., longitude 9°5’ W., off Portugal. The principal difference in the Florida type is the heavier tarsal joints and shorter terminal claws. While this Florida form might be considered a distinct variety of Nymphon macrum by some taxonomists, subspecific categories do not seem advisable in a genus whose species are as subject to indi- vidual variation as those of this genus. The bewildering array of subspecies, varieties, and forms proposed by certain recent workers may be of some use in emphasizing the degree of variation in their respective species, but their limits are too vaguely defined for taxonom- ic procedure. It is hard enough to decide what constitutes a species in this genus without adding varieties to the confusion. Distribution—A Boreal species, from Massachusetts Bay to the Barents Sea, but sporadically in more southern waters. Ohshima’s ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 195 Japanese record is a puzzling discrepancy, possibly an error. The bathymetric range of the species in American waters is 35 to 843 fathoms, usually on muddy bottoms. NYMPHON GILTAYI, new species Fieure 16 Types.—Holotype (male): U.S.N.M. No. 37912, Gloucester Donation 360, 1879, schooner Conductor, Capt. George H. Curtis (probably from Grand Bank). Paratype (female): U.S.N.M. No. 37912, same locality. Ficure 16.—Nymphon giltayi, new species: a, Dorsal view; b, lateral view; c, chela; d, palpus; ¢, leg; f, terminal joint of oviger and denticulate spine. Description.—Trunk: Lateral processes separated by their own width. Cephalic segment a little longer than proboscis, neck long, ovigers based near the middle. Eye tubercle very low, without eyes. Proboscis cylindrical, constricted slightly at about its proximal third. Abdomen short, slightly longer than last lateral processes, directed upward at an angle of about 50°. 196 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Palpus slender, longer than proboscis. Second segment longest, longer than third and fourth segments, which are subequal. Last segment slightly shorter than fourth. Chelifore: Scape about one-fifth longer than proboscis. Chelae about as long as scape, palm slender, subequal to fingers. Fingers curved, each with about 15 spinules. Oviger: Fourth and fifth segments about equal, nearly straight and slightly swollen distally. Terminal spine as long as tenth segment, with 12 short, evenly spaced teeth on its distal three-fourths. Den- ticulate spines rather broad, with about three large broad denticula- tions. Spine formula: 17:12:9:9. Leg slender, armed with scattered setae, some of them about three times as long as the diameter of the leg segments. Tarsus and pro- podus subequal. Auxiliary claws at least half as long as terminal claw. The spines on the propodus are widely spaced and of even size. Measurements (holotype) as follows: Proboscis: Mm. | Leg (detached) : Mm. NEES E oS ea eae 1, i First Coxe... =. ese ee 0. 35 ame ROE se ke oe 2 0.3 Second coxa. + 4» see 0.8 LT Se at 2. 25 PiitdCexs.. 2 = Sees ee 0. 4 Cephalic segment, length--_- --_- i Femit=- 2-2 Seer 2. 0 Base of chelifores, width_ _-—____ 0. 6 First tibia 5. % ae Seas 2. 5 Second lateral process, width___ 2.1 Second tibiasle2 .Usteos 4.0 Abdomen lengths. 2. - 22. 0. 25 OBPSUBis esi: he ee ee ar Eee 0. 8 Propodiig.. 3). 3 eee ee 0.8 Terminal elaw >= 2-36 =s". 0. 4 Auxiliary claw 2—o 5-3 0. 25 Remarks.—-Except for the long setae on the legs and the absence of eyes, this species resembles N. macrum. The chela is smaller and the fingers are armed with comparatively few spinules. Both specimens are somewhat damaged. NYMPHON FLORIDANUM, new species Ficurs 17 Nymphon sp. Cox, 1910, p. 196. Types.—Holotype (male): U. S. N. M. No. 81093, 5 miles south of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., 7-10 fathoms, July 20, 1924, W. L. Schmitt coll. (station 32). Paratype (female): U.S. N. M. No. 810938, same locality. Additional specimens.—As follows, all from Tortugas, Fla.: 1 specimen (fragments) ; surface tow; April 14, 1906; Leon J. Cole, coll. 1 female; surface tow, attached to floating algae; April 9, 1906, Leon J. Cole, coll. 1 female (recently spawned) ; surface tow; April 19, 1906; Leon J. Cole, coll. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 197 1 specimen (incomplete) ; surface tow; April 21, 1906; Leon J. Cole, coll. 1 male; surface tow; April 22, 1906; Leon J. Cole, coll. 1 female; White Shoal; July 19, 1924; W. L. Schmitt, coll. Description.—Trunk: Lateral processes separated by slightly more than half their own width. Neck variable in length, from as long as the third and fourth trunk segments to half that length. Ovigers based in front of first pair of legs. Eye tubercle bluntly conical, eyes large. Proboscis roughly cylindrical, constricted near the tip. Abdomen about as long as last lateral process, directed upward at an angle of about 60°. Ficure 17.—Nymphon floridanum, new species: a, Dorsal view of holotype; J, lateral view of paratype; c, chela; d, palpus; ¢, oviger of male; f, leg; g, tarsus and propodus. Palpus slender, the second joint longest, third and fourth joints subequal and slightly shorter than second. Fourth joint not much longer than wide. There are a few setae on the ventral distal end of the third joint, the ventral margin of the fourth, and on most of the fifth. Chelifore: Scape slender, about as long as the proboscis, Chela large, fingers about as long as palm, crossed at tip, each with about 15 spinules, 198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 Oviger: Third segment half as long as fourth, fourth half to two- thirds as long as fifth. Fifth segment straight, swollen distally, with slender curved setae on the ventrodistal half. Eggs large, about 0.25 mm. in diameter. Terminal spine as long as terminal segment, without denticulations. Spines on terminal segments apparently without denticulations. Spine formula: 9:9:7: 6. Leg: Slender, femur and first tibia equal, second tibia about half again as long. Tarsus less than one-third as long as propodus. Propodus slightly curved, with a row of well-separated, slender spines on the sole. Auxiliary claws as long as terminal claw. Measurements (holotype) as follows: Proboscis: Mm. | Third leg: Mm. 1 be S135 Si 2 aR a eRe ren SIC 1.0 PIS PORSi 2. 2 oe Soe 0. 5 ‘Diameters 2S ee 0.5 Second CUxa_ 2. _2 eee 1,2 serunk, lene hhe oss. Le See 2.5 Thing teoxa 12) 292 aod 0. 4 Cephalic segment, length______-__ ee Penis. otehne eee er pa) Base of chelifores, width - ----_--- 0. 6 Hirst tibia 33208 8 ele os 2.5 Second lateral process, width____ 1.0 Second tibia. e222 255 ees 3. 5 Abdomen, length... 22-2. 0. 25 Tarsus’... 2. oes tee 0. 2 Propose... 5. Joo 2. ee 0. 75 CARWEE Bit ee ae ca. 0. 18 Distribution.—This species is so far known only from the Florida Keys region. Remarks.—Most of Cole’s tow-net material (some of it collected by Mayer, but not so indicated on the labels) varies from the specimens selected as types in that the neck is about half as long. All the speci- mens agree, however, in the proportions of the tarsal joints, triungu- late appearance of the terminel claws, and proportions of the palpal joints. This combination of characters, together with the untoothed terminal claw of the oviger, makes this an easy species to identify. It appears to have no near relatives in the warm Atlantic area. The European ecological counterpart of Nymphon floridanum is Nymphon gracile Leach (non gracile Sars, 1891, pp. 55-58, pl. 5, fig. 1, a-h, which=Nymphon brevirostre (Hodge), which in turn is “‘extremely difficult if not impossible to distinguish” from N. rubrum Hodge, ac- cording to Stephensen, 1935, p. 9). Nymphon gracile has been col- lected by surface tows at night in considerable numbers (+150 indi- viduals) during its breeding season from January to April at Banyuls- sur-Mer by Fage (1932). One of the specimens of floridanum collected by Cole in April (probably in daytime) is a female that had recently discharged its eggs. Nymphon gracile in not a very close taxonomic relative of N. flori- danum, however. The tarsal joints of gracile are subequal, with a few large spines on the sole of the propedus, the auxiliary claws are half as long as the terminal claw, and the proportions of the palpal joints are conspicuously different. The fourth joint of the palp of ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 199 gracile is nearly as long as the third. WN. gracile is known from®the coast of Denmark to the Atlantic coast of Morocco and in the Mediter- ranean (Bouvier, 1923, pp. 30-31, fig. 24), where it appears to be the only species of Nymphon. Bouvier (1923, p. 31) suggests that NV. cienfuegost Franganillo (1918) is probably gracile. Hilton’s record (1942a, p. 7) of Nymphon gracile from Alaskan waters appears to be an error for N. brevitarse Krgyer, which is understandable in view of the confusion in nomenclature (Hedgpeth, 1943a, p. 89). Family PALLENIDAE Wilson, 1878 Phoxichilidae Norman, 1908, p. 231. Pallenidae Marcus, 1940b, p. 21. Callipallenidae Hinton, 1942b, p. 281. (Nec ‘‘Callipallenidae (Hoek) 18767!) Chelifores present, usually with small chelae; scape 1- or 2-jointed. Palpi usually lacking or represented by rudimentary knobs near the base of the proboscis. Ovigers 10-jointed, with or without a terminal claw, present in both sexes. ‘There are certain species of dubious standing, e. g., ““Pallene palpida’”’ Hilton (1939, p. 30) and Oropallene dimorpha (Hoek, 1898, p. 290), in which the palpus is 4-jointed in the male. Certain changes in generic names in this family have been proposed that are, to say the least, confusing. Not only do they tax the patience of taxonomists by defeating the purpose of the international rules of nomenclature by an overzealous adherence to them, but also they threaten to turn future synonymies into an inextricable tangle, . which would make it impossible for anyone but a specialist to know the precise species under discussion in general or ecological papers.” Tt all began in 1902 when the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing published, in an otherwise admirable series of popular articles entitled ‘““The Nobodies, a Seafaring Family,’’ some recommended changes in nomen- clature. He proposed Chilophoxus as a generic name to supplant the familiar Phozxichilus (now known as H/ndeis), then in general use. The Phozichilus of Latreille was really the same as Wilson’s Pseudo- pallene; hence the latter name should be discarded in favor of Phozi- chitus Latreille and the family name Pallenidae be changed to Phoxi- chilidae. This argument was taken up and elaborated by Norman (1908), who satisfied himself that Phoxichilus auct. nec Latreille and Chalo- phoxus Stebbing were congeneric with Hndeis Philippi. Norman cited Latreille’s (1804, vol. 24, p. 137) original diagnosis, which was vague enough even to apply to Colossendeis, although he did refer Pycnogonum spinipes O. Fabricius to his Phoxichilus. This incorrect diagnosis was elaborated in later editions of Latreille’s work, with the further suggestion that Nymphon femoratum Rathke and possibly 1 See Cole’s (1910, p. 194) unhappy footnote. 200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Phalangium spinosum Montagu also belonged to the genus. It is quite obvious that Latreille had no clear idea of generic characters in the Pyenogonida, for these three species belong to widely separated genera. At any rate, Phozichilus Latreille (Stebbing, and Norman) has not been formally accepted in place of Pseudopallene Wilson by subsequent workers, although Marcus (1940b, p. 128) advocates its use. This affair inspired some eloquent objections at the height of the controversy (Loman, 1915; Bouvier, 1917). Certainly the delight that some taxonomists find in resurrecting these desiccated museum names—‘‘ces exercises byzantins!”’ as Bouvier (1923, p. 3) called it— is not the most praiseworthy occupation with which they might busy themselves. One cannot resist quoting Loman’s (1915, pp. 211-216) sentiments: “Et avec un soupir de soulagement ces mots nous échappent: Dieu, merci, enfin, nous y sommes. C’est arrété.” But Loman sighed for relief too soon, and it was no less a person than Bouvier who, despite his jibes at his fellow taxonomists for their exotic diversions (if one may thus freely paraphrase “exercises by- zantins”’), contributed the ultimate complication to this tangled tale of generic names. Although he had suggested, in 1917 (p. 29), that he had seen a specimen labeled by Latreille himself as ‘‘Phoxychile phalangioides,”’ which was actually a Pallenopsis, his information was greeted by a tacit conspiracy of silence. Perhaps no one took him seriously, but finally, in his last paper on the Pyecnogonida (1937), Bouvier described this specimen under Latreille’s manuscript name Phozichilus phalangioides, suggesting at the same time that it should be considered the genotype and that therefore Pallenopsis should be discarded in favor of Phozichilus. 'This is too much. In the first place, the existence of a named but hitherto undescribed species does not establish that specimen as a genotype, and such sedulous adherence to priority, while it may be a commendable gesture of respect and patriotism by one Frenchman to another, does no service to orderly procedure. Inasmuch as Pseudopallene spinipes seems to have been the first species formally referred by Latreille to his genus, it is the genotype by designation, and this Pallenopsis identification is simply another demonstration of his foggy conception of what constituted a genus in the Pycnogonida. In the second place, Phoxichilus is already a worn-out name, having been confused with two other genera, and to use it for a third genus, previously unsullied by such questionable synonymy, is confounding the confusion. Whatever the arbitrary rules may be, they are not immutable laws, and it would seem 18 There has been no work on Arctic and European pycnogonids by English authors since Norman’s day until Lebour’s recent paper (1945). There were a few lists by Carpenter, in one of which (1912, p. 4) he suggested that “‘Phozichilus had better be dropped altogether.” I have already done this, in a previous paper (1943a, p. 88). ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 2Q2()] wisest to discard both Phoxichilus and its unlovely anagram, Chilo- phorus, altogether, retaining in their stead the names that have been most consistently associated with these forms, at least in the past 40 years, namely, Endeis, Pseudopallene, and Pallenopsis. As for Latreille’s species, while it cannot be assigned to his name as Bouvier tried to do by citing it as Phozichilus phalangioides Latreille (Bouvier), it appears to be a good species, although its general appearance suggests Pallenopsis denticulata Hedgpeth (1944) from Western Australia. Its origim is something of a mystery, however, as few members of the genus have been taken from shallow water, and natural-history dredging was practically unknown in Latreille’s day. Ifitisa North Atlantic form, it has yet to be retaken. No species of Pallenopsis has been found near the European coast, with the exception of P. tritonis Hoek, off the Irish coast, which is a deep-water form. The proposal to scrap Pallenidae (or Callipallenidae) in favor of Phoxichilidae, whatever the merits of the Phoxichilus-Pseudopallene- Pallenopsis controversy may be, is unnecessary and is not required by any rule of nomenclature. As Schenk and McMasters * remark, the selection of the first-named genus in a family for the genotype is unsound and has many disadvantages. In this case these dis- advantages are obvious: not only are we none too sure of the exact status of Latreille’s Phozichilus, but the family name Phoxichilidiidae Sars is so similar that confusion is mevitable unless the name is written ‘‘Phoxichilidae (Pallenidae)”’ as has been done by Calman (1914a) and Gordon (1932). That Pallenidae should be retained in favor of Callipallenidae (the type genus Pallene is a preoccupied name) is another matter; with Marcus (1940b) I agree that Pallenidae can be retained in spite of this change. It is the most appropriate name for a family in which so many generic names are some compound of the original Pallene: e. g., Parapallane, Pseudopallene, Austropallene, Pallenopsis. Fortunately the troublesome, ambiguous genera in this family need not concern us here; four genera are known from American waters, and they can be separated on the basis of the characters in the following key: 1. Chelifores usually 2-jointed (sometimes 3-, but with oval trunk); not based on a conspicuous extension over proboscis; without rudimentary palpi__-__- 2 Chelifores 2- or 3-jointed, based on an extension over proboscis; palpi present SS TUGUNeNUAGY KNODS2os ties! ee be aoe Pallenopsis (p. 209) 2. Without auxiliary claws; legs often heavy and knobby; or, with large globular Chevacs Loti): ME Tay ek NS A CP Bae SA Sd Oak Oe 3 Auxiliary claws present; legs not knobby; chelae small___-Callipallene (p. 202) * 18 Procedure in taxonomy, p.7. Stanford University, 1936. 202 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 3. Chelifores 2-jointed; body extended or disciform but not oval______-_--_-- 4 Chelifores 3-jointed; body compact, oval as in Pycnogonum. Pigrogromitus (p. 214) 4, Without setose fringe (or apparently raised rim) around mouth; chelae globu- |r eR 5 ek a ae 2 detain ea | Sh, ae taeeP eT ae eI Cordylochele (p. 206) With setose fringe around mouth; local forms with prominent spiny processes OntMininananepese so = ee el EL ee eee Pseudopallene (p. 205) Genus CALLIPALLENE Flynn, 1929 (pro Pallene Johnston, 1837) Chelifore 2-jointed, chelate, opposed in front of proboscis. Oviger 10-jointed, with spines on terminal joints. Propodus without large basal spines, auxiliary claws usually present. Trunk elongate, last two segments often coalesced, cephalic segment prolonged into a neck. Four species of this characteristic genus have been identified from western Atlantic waters. One of them is a deep-water species, while the other three have all been taken in surface tows at one time or another. Key to the species represented: is Hye tubercle low, broad, eyes present=..2 4. -S2-2-2.80.-. 2-945 2 Eye tubercle tall, pointed, without eyes__--__.._--------------- acus (p. 204) Pee ee tONGEr UNAM WAG. = fa ee he ee ee 3 Neck shotuer than Widele °2.* te) See Ue Oe emaciata (p. 204) 3. Propodus short, basal spines short, curved__--_------ brevirostris (p. 202) Propodus slender, long, basal spines long, straight _--_----- phantoma (p. 204) CALLIPALLENE BREVIROSTRIS (Johnston) FicureE 18, a Pallene brevirostris JOHNSTON, 1837, p. 380, pl. 12, figs. 7, 8. Pallene sp. VERRILL, 1873b, p. 415. Pallene empusa Wison, 1878b, p. 9, pl. 3, fig. 2, a-g; 1880, pp. 476-477, pl. 2, figs. 5-7.—Ratusun, 1881, p. 118—Morean, 1891, pp. 8-22 (embryology). Pallene brevirostris Cote, 1901, pp. 195-207 (habits)—Sumner, OsBurn, and Coir, 1918, p. 677.—F isu, 1925, p. 161. RECORD OF COLLECTIONS Bay of Fundy, 1872, 1 specimen (Y.P.M. No. 4780). Buzzards Bay, Woods Hole, Mass., July 21, 1909, 3 fathoms, F. B. Sumner, R. C. Osburn, and R. W. Miner colls., 1 male (AMNH). Entrance to Lagoon Pond, Vineyard Haven, Mass., July 27, 1910, on piles under bridge, R. W. Miner and H. Hall colls., 1 male (ov.), 1 female (AMNH). Fish Hawk station 8821, off Sandy Point, Chesapeake Bay, July 8, 1920, 2 specimens. Fish Hawk station 8898, off Thimble Rock, Chesapeake Bay, 28.08 fathoms, December 4, 1920, 3 specimens, This is the smallest species of pycnogonid from the Woods Hole region. Although it is somewhat larger in extent than Tanystylum orbiculare, its body is smaller and the legs are so delicate that the animal looks smaller than it actually is. Callipallene brevirostris is one of the permanent members of the fauna of the Woods Hole region, although it was apparently not so ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 203 common at the time of the biological survey by Sumner, Osburn, and Cole as it was when Morgan studied its embryology there in 1890, or later, when Fish found it almost daily in his surface tows during July and August. In addition to Rathbun’s record from Provincetown, Cape Cod, there is the above record from the Bay of Fundy, extending the range of this species to Boreal waters. It does not seem to have been collected from that locality since and the record must be accepted with reservations; it may be a misplaced label. Disiribuiion.—EKuropean littoral, from southwestern Norway to the Mediterranean. Atlantic coast of North America, from Woods Hole southward. There is a specimen in the Woods Hole Oceano- graphic fouling collection from station H4, off entrance to Tampa Bay, 34 feet, July 19, 1943, indicating the occurrence of this species at least as far south as Florida. WITTY art" 77 4 4 Ae Fer Ficure 18.—a, Callipallene brevirostris (Johnston); b, Callipallene phantoma (Dohrn); c-e, Callipallene acus (Meinert); f, g, Callipallene emaciata (Dohrn). 204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 CALLIPALLENE PHANTOMA (Dohrn) Figure 18, b Pallene phantoma Dourn, 1881, p. 196, pl. 14, figs. 1-9. Pallene producta Sars, 1891, pp. 36-37, pl. 3, fig. 2, a-d. Pallene phantoma Giutay, 1934c, pp. 1-5, fig. 1 (synonymy). RECORD OF COLLECTIONS Off Bird Key, Fla., surface tow, April 17, 1906, Leon J. Cole coll., 1 female (incomplete). ‘ The single specimen is sadly battered but easily identifiable from the straight propodus with its four long, straight, basal spines. The surface-tow record is of interest, as the specimen appears to be a recently spawned female. Giltay gives a complete synonymy and a distribution table (p. 4), indicating the occurrence of this species from Trondheim, Norway, to the Azores, and in the Gulf of Naples and the Black Sea. CALLIPALLENE EMACIATA (Dohrn) Ficure 18, f, 9g Pallene emaciata Dourn, 1881, pp. 193-195, pl. 14, figs. 10-21.—Bovuvier, 1923, p. 36, fig. 29. ; RECORD OF COLLECTIONS Key West, Fla., April 15-27, 1884, 1 specimen (fragments). Tortugas, Fla., surface tow, April 21, 1906, Leon J. Cole coll., 1 specimen (fragments). Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., from algae and old coral rocks, 4 feet, July 14, 1926, C. R. Shoemaker coll., 1 specimen (fragments). Unfortunately all three specimens are in a fragmentary condition, and their reference to this species is made with some hesitation. The specimens agree with Dohrn’s figures, however, and the distribution, i. e., Naples and the Caribbean, is consistent with that of several other species. Schimkewitsch (1930, p. 245) suggests that this species is synony- mous with Callipallene brevirostris, and Bouvier (1923, p. 36) states that the two appear to be the same. This implies a considerable range in body proportions which is not evident in the inadequate material before me. CALLIPALLENE ACUS (Meinert) FicurRE 18, c—e Pallene acus MEtnenrt, 1899, pp. 48-49, pl. 4, figs. 8-13. Pallene hastata MEINERT, 1899, p. 49, pl. 4, figs. 14-19. Pallene acus Bouvisrr, 1917, pp. 26-27, pl. 3, fig. 7—STEPHENSEN, 1933, p. 20. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 205 ALBATROSS RECORDS Station Number of Na: Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth specimens Ons; a” On” ATP Fathoms ZO078%| -Septn 41883: sets ote. 2S 2b SR sd eS 41 11 30 66 12 20 499 | 17,1? mois Sept. 1, 1885-4 ere EE oe AS 40 09 30 67 09 00 1, 356 | 1d (ov.) The form and size of the propodus and terminal claws in these specimens are intermediate between Meinert’s figures for C. acus and C. hastata, supporting Bouvier’s conclusion that. the species are synonymous. Distribution.—Evidently a species of the North Atlantic Basin, but infrequently collected. The previous records are Meinert’s from Davis Strait and Bouvier’s from west of the Azores. The Albatross collections are just off the continental shelf southeast of Cape Cod. The bathymetric range, from this scant material, is 499-1,435 fathoms. Genus PSEUDOPALLENE Wilson, 1878 ?Phoxichilus LATREILLE, 1804, p. 187. Pseudopallene Fuynn, 1928, p. 23. Chelifore 2-jomted, chela usually heavy. Palpus absent. Legs spiny, without auxiliary claws. Oviger 10-jointed. Body usually compact; mouth with a fringe of setae. A small genus; four, perhaps six, species have been referred to it so far. Pseudopallene circularis and P. spinipes are widely distributed Boreal-Arctic species, P. pachycheira is from the coast of New South Wales, and P. gilchristi is a South African species. Pseudopallene circularis is the only species known from American waters (New England region), but P. spinipes might turn up in future collections off Newfoundland. It is not uncommon at Cape Farewell. Hilton (1942c, p. 39) mentions two Alaskan species, Pseudopallene setosa and P. spinosa, which may prove to be synonyms of P. circularis in view of the wide range of variation recognized for that species. The characters mentioned are inadequate for including the species in the key. KEY TO THE SPECIES (AFTER FLYNN, 1928) Popestioral: pracessesie¢lose- 5 1 20. eee oe ee ee i ee ee 2 Lateral processes separated by more than their own diameter. gilchristi Flynn ZAIN COrsaL supercies Ol trunk. 2. -2 22-5). "se ee a 3 Dorsal spines and tubercles present_.___.._.....-.------ circularis (p. 206) 3. Scape longer than proboscis_____.....___---_---_-- spinipes (O. Fabricius) Scape equal to or shorter than proboscis__--_.__-_-__- pachycheira Haswell 746333—48—4 206 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 PSEUDOPALLENE CIRCULARIS (Goodsir) Figure 19 Pallene circularis Goopsir, 1842, p. 136, pl. 3. Pallene hispida Stimpson, 18538, p. 37. Pseudopallene hispida Wiuson, 1878a, p. 200; 1878b, p. 16, pi. 3, fig. 1, a-e. Pseudopallene discoidea Wiison, 1878b, p. 12, pl. 3, fig. 3, a-c. Pseudopallene hispida Witson, 1880, pp. 478-479, pl. 2, fig. 9. Pseudopallene discoidea WiLson, 1880, pp. 479-480, pl. 2, fig. 10. Pseudopallene circularis Sars, 1891, pp. 38-42, pl. 3, fig. 3, a-h. Pseudopallene hispida WuitEAveEs, 1901, p. 263. Phoxichilus circularis Norman, 1908, p. 207. Pseudopallene circularis STEPHENSEN, 1933, pp. 20-21.—Nerxp.ter, 1943, p. 12, fig. 15, a-d. RECORD OF COLLECTIONS Grampus station 10037, lat. 44°17’ N., long. 68°05’ W., off Frenchmans Bay; July 21, 1912, 22 fathoms, 2 specimens. The number and position of the spines on the dorsum of the trunk and the shape of the chelae are variable in this species. Specimens from Grand Manan and Eastport are about half the size of those from northwest Greenland. It is not common in the New England region and is unknown south of Cape Cod. Ficure 19.—Pseudopallene circularis (Goodsir). Disiribution—A Boreal-Arctic species, from Okhotsk Sea to North- eastern America, perhaps circumpolar. Genus CORDYLOCHELE Sars, 1888 Chelifore 2-jointed, chelae heavy, almost globular. Trunk com- pletely segmented, elongate, lateral processes well segmented. Ovigers 10-jointed. Without auxiliary claws. Three, possibly five, species are included in this genus. Cordy- lochele malleolata, longicollis, and brevicollis are the species from the North Atlantic. C. malleolata and brevicollis are very similar, but in brevicollis the body is thicker and more compact, and the chelae are not quite so massive as in malicolaia. C. brevicollis is an Arctic species and is not represented in the collections from American waters. Hilton (1942c, pp. 39-40) has published preliminary diagnoses for ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—-HEDGPETH 207 two species from the Bering Sea. One of these, C. setospinosa, ap- pears to be well characterized by spines and setae on the trunk and legs. The western Atlantic species can be separated by the following characters: 1. Neck short; lateral processes separated by less than their own diameter. malleolata (p. 207) Neck long as last three trunk segments; lateral processes separated by more thanmatheir! diametertansee = s.55- 0) Ne ee ee 2 longicollis (p. 207) CORDYLOCHELE MALLEOLATA (Sars) FiaeurRE 20, a Pallene malleolata Sars, 1879, No. 48. Cordylochele malleolata Sars, 1891, pp. 45-49, pl. 4, fig. 1, a-k.—STerpHENsEN, 1933, p. 25. ALBATROSS RECORDS | Station Number of speci- No. Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth BiCHS °o ’ wr ° , ” Fathoms 24289 | CVUNG eos Oobs- 2 = ese ko et se 42 48 00 50 55 30 826 | 1 2490) |e lo SUR S Stas Se eee eee 42 55 30 50 51 00 471 | +10 PAM AL Wap e ACE fee ees 44 34 00 56 41 45 218 | +5 (ine. ov. oo") Qo2S8"| POHL ooh BS0s— = = oe amass oa ec danee secs 41 47 00 65 37 30 677 | 1 A Boreal-Arctic species from moderate depths; the bathymetric range of the stations above, 218-826 fathoms, extends the known range in both directions. ' Distribution.—Cordylochele malleolata is previously known from the waters around Iceland, Spitsbergen, and the Faroes, and in the Kara Sea. Westward it occurs in the Denmark and Davis Straits to latitude 66°35’ N. These are the first records from the American side of the Atlantic. CORDYLOCHELE LONGICOLLIS Sars FigurRE 20, b Cordylochele longicollis Sars, 1888, No. 12; 1891, pp. 49-51, pl. 4, fig. 2, a-g.— STEPHENSEN, 1933, pp. 25-26. ALBATROSS RECORDS Station Number of No: Date Lat. N. Long. W.| Depth specimens ° , a” ° , a” Fathoms BUDO PIVEAY DL OSG see see eee mre aee eee ee ee 30 47 30 79 49 00 270 | 1 2667) || soe 0 Ca SE Be lh et eae al eh nee Oe Pee 30 53 00 79 42 30 273 | 2 208 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Ficure 21.—a, b, Pallenopsis longirostris Wilson; c, d, Pallenopsis forficifer Wilson; e-g, Pallenopsis calcanea Stephensen. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 209 These records represent a considerable southern extension of the known range of this species.” It occurs in the north Atlantic south of the Wyville Thomson Ridge and in Davis Strait. Genus PALLENOPSIS Wilson, 1881 Pallenopsis Wiuson, 1881, p. 250.—Loman, 1916, pp. 15-25—Catman, 1923, _p. 281 (key). Phozichilus Bouvier, 1937, pp. 3-11. Pallenopsis Marcus, 1940a, pp. 181-182. Chelifores 2- or 3-jointed, chelae small. Palpi present as minute knobs or small papillae. Oviger 10-jointed, without terminal claw, present in both sexes, but reduced in the female. Trunk elongate, legs long, slender, propodus well developed, usually with auxiliary claws and basal spines. There are more than 30 species in this genus, many of them separated by minor characters. Fortunately there are not many species known from north Atlantic waters. Three species are included in the fauna of the waters adjacent to the United States, and a fourth, Pallenopsis calcanea, has been found off Labrador and Bermuda. 1. Propodus without a well-developed heel, auxiliary claws present__________ 2 Propodus with a prominent heel with two basal spines, auxiliary claws Pedi ge eta 8 oS eek eS Et he ET calcanea (p. 211) 2. Fingers of chelae shorter than palm, wedge-shaped_______.__._-._-.------_- 3 Fingers of chelae longer than palm, slender, bowed, and crossing at tips. longirostris (p. 210) [Proboscis somewhat smaller at tip (not slightly expanded as in Jongirostris); fingers of chelae curved about as long as palm (eastern Atlantic, near British Isles)_......-..-...-...__----_-- tritonis Hoek] 3. Lateral processes about twice as long as their diameter; chelae with a prominent spiny cushion at base of dactylus...._..............---- forficifer (p. 209) Lateral processes not much longer than their diameter, widely separated; spiny cushion on chelae very low, inconspicuous_-----.__.----- schmitti (p. 212) PALLENOPSIS FORFICIFER Wilson Figure 21, c, d Pallenopsis forficifer Witson, 1881, pp. 250, 252, pl. 4, figs. 15-18, pl. 5, fig. 23.— Heperetu, 1948b, p. 43. ALBATROSS RECORDS Station Number of No. Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth specimens SPS, [- ea] J nw Fathoms 2666) | Mayinpisse. = Sebo 8) i 0 BP Se Gd, 30 47 30 | 79 49 00 270 4 P11 fl oes ole se SOR ae aie Farms rae seen Seeks 30 53 00 79 42 30 273 5 2668 J... (0x, aye IN AD Wee es Coe er eaeet ae 30 58 30 79 33 30 294 4 2669 |_.._- (3 (c)sS SBS = TEN 25 5 ee RCS SS ee eos ee 31 09 00 79 33 30 352 3 20 Stephensen (1933, p. 6), mentions a specimen in the Zoological Museum of Copenhagen from “‘off E, America abt. 37° N,” which is probably from Albatross material, but I could find no record of it. Selections from a number of Albatross lots were sent to Meinert at some time or another. 210 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 FISH HAWK RECORD 1250, eK OD 619) 1002) 2.2 aoe awe eee re ae are 24 15 00 81 47 30 306 | 1 UNIVERSITY OF IOWA BAHAMAS EXPEDITION Station Number of No. Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth specimens eee’ OF eG Fathoms OG PaO Drs dStore ae ha ee ee ae 24 16 00 81 22 00 200 | 1 Bonidtine ee jl Sooes st ke less se Se Rte ees Off American Shoal 70-80 | 18 (ov.), 12 Light This species can be distinguished by the prominent spmy cushion on the chelae and the long lateral processes, which are splayed out so that they are more widely separated distally than at their origin. The propodus is rather long, and the basal spines are irregular in size and location. The articulation of the scape is very indistinct in many specimens. Distribution.—Restricted to the warm waters south of Cape Hat- teras and in the Caribbean, from 200 to 352 fathoms. The northern- most record is that given by Wilson: Blake station 318, lat. 32°25’ N., long. 77°42’30’’ W., 262 fathoms. PALLENOPSIS LONGIROSTRIS Wilson Fiaure 21, a, b Pallenopsis longirostris W1Lson, 1881, pp. 252-258, pl. 4, figs. 19-22; pl. 5, figs. 24, 25. Phozichilidium oscitans Honk, 1881, pp. 89-90, pl. 18, figs. 1-5. Pallenopsis longirostris VERRILL, 1885, p. 561. Pallenopsis plumipes MEINBRT, 1899, pp. 51-52, pl. 4, figs. 1-7. Pallenopsis longirosiris GiutTay, 1942, p. 459.—NEEDLER, 1948, p. 13, fig. 16. ALBATROSS RECORDS —— Date Lat.N. | Long. W. | Depth parte ° , ur ° , ut Fathoms SEM SES: CSS AORTE i Ra eee ae a 40 02 49 | 68 49 00 407 | 1 SAR eta in a Oe 2 nies 44 4700 | 5633 45 904 | 1 BaramUaieneeD) iseg. © SMM tA te 39 48 30 | 70 40 30 445 | 1 Eeasl tiara sieds a satecathes 2 eet 32 2400 | 76 55 30 528 | 2 (ov. o) BOUL Ag meceeecInts xis lal do Mere a ete 45 04.00 | 55 23 00 79114 Srbaal Ockober 2h, WEB ba mk ne eee Lo 37 23 00 | 73 53 00 s41 | 1 Most of these specimens have a pale, flabby appearance in their preserved state. The proboscis is larger at the tip than described by Wilson, and the “Jong natatory bristles’? mentioned by Meimert in his description of P. plumipes are well developed in some of these speci- ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 211 mens but lacking in others. Hence I cannot keep the two species apart. Nor, for that matter, can I find any well-defined character for separating Pallenopsis oscitans (Hoek), dredged by the Challenger west of the Azores from 1,675 fathoms. The chelae are very similar, and the expanded appearance of the front margin of the cephalic segment in Hoek’s figure is not of specific importance and may be more apparent than real. Pallenopsis longirostris appears to be a variable species, and the variation in this handful of specimens in- dicates that both plumipes and oscitans should be included under this name. Distribution.—Northeastern Atlantic, Cabot Strait, and Western Atlantic as far south as latitude 32° N., 79 to 1,675 fathoms. PALLENOPSIS CALCANEA Stephensen Figure 21, e-g ?Pallenopsis sp. Gordon, 1932, pp. 91-92, fig. 45, a-c, fig. 74, c. Pallenopsis calcanea STEPHENSEN, 1933, pp. 21-24, fig. 5. RECCRD OF COLLECTIONS Bermuda circle [center, lat. 32°12’N:, long. 64°36’W.], Net 206, 660 fathoms (deep tow), June 22, 1929, William Beebe coll., 1 female. This specimen is about the same size as those described by Steph- ensen. It appears to be a mature female; the genital pores are large, on slight elevations of the dorsal surface of the second coxae. The rudimentary (or vestigial?) palpus is larger than in Stephensen’s material, and the development of the heel seems to be intermediate between the Godthaab specimens from Davis Strait and off Labrador and Gordon’s immature specimen from Discovery station 256 (lat. 35°14’S., long. 6°49’E., off South Africa; a deep tow between 850-1,100 meters). There is a suggestion of a vestigial auxiliary claw in this specimen. Inasmuch as Stephensen did not give detailed measure- ments, the following should be of interest: Proboscis: Mm. | Third leg: Mm. erste ae ag twirl 2a 2.0 rst coxa _ulx a Stone 1. 75 Diameter at tips 22-22 2252" 0. 6 Second COxXase ss oe eee 2.18 SUB TK te ees ed ee Bh ‘Lhirdseoxaget) «20 ease 1. 25 Cephalic segment__.._____-___- to 12301) Seems ope ens 2. ame ry Pea BR 5. 7 Wid bh bc been fo rey ts 2.+ Hirst tibial cela e ove bree J 5. 75 SELIG 0125 0 ah RR a O75 Second tibia. 2 22. ee 4. 50 SCA omer s ere eo eke 1.9 TRATSUSHom ah = es Vote oe eee 0. 48 IPrOpOdUs ie 2 2 ek Rae oe 1.0 Clawe hee Vs a 0. 6++ Disiribution.—Evidently a bathypelagic species of the North and (probably) South Atlantic, and the southern Indian Ocean, occurring at depths of from 500 to 1,000 fathoms. It may be world-wide. BT? PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 PALLENOPSIS SCHMITTI Hedgpeth FIGURE 22 Pallenopsis schmitti HrpGPrEru, 1948b, p. 44 (diagnosis). ALBATROSS COLLECTIONS Statio Number of No: Date Lat. N. Long W.. Depth specimens ° , Ld ° , a” Fathoms HT BS] MSG) 00 A e e 17 44 05 75 39 00 1@Q 2143) WMar29, 1684. kbs 2 Ae 9 30 45 76 25 30 155} 19 Meeker Wore fang: st oe eke 25 11 30 | 80 10 00 6o}1¢ W. L. SCHMITT—TORTUGAS So eseyl June 10, 1925... 2222-2222}, Tortugas, "Fla? "(10° miles 35-37 | 5 south of No. 2 buoy, “olive buff and gallstone yellow’’). eee Anpy4.1961 222. 22 ea | Southior Tortugas; Plas 2-- 40 | 1 male and 1 female (cotypes: U.S.N.M. No. 76517). Pee ete Re ee C3 (0 ee ee a 6 (ys ely Ree ee ee ee ee MN Gatrie tmp nce OR ioc Is(. M. No. 76516). ADDITIONAL RECORDS University of Iowa Expedition, Bahamas, 4 specimens. Tortugas, Fla., June 1908, 8-10 fathoms, among Bryozoa, R. C. Osburn coll., 1 specimen. Pelican station 169-7, January 18, 1940, lat. 28°24.5’ N., long. 80°03’ W., try net, 45 fathoms, 1 male (ov.). Johnson-Smithsonian Expedition station 78, February 25, 1933, north of Puerto Rico, lat. 18°29’ N., long. 65°31’ W., about 100 fathoms, 1 specimen. Description.—Trunk slender, elongated, fully segmented. Lateral processes separated by nearly twice their own diameter. Cephalic segment not widened in front. Eye tubercle conical, acute, but not placed at the extreme anterior end of the cephalic segment as in P. forficifer. Eyes pigmented, large; the anterior pair two or three times as large as the posterior pair. Proboscis about as long as cephalic segment. Abdomen long, clavate. Chelifore slender, scape 2-jointed, the first joint as long as the second and nearly as long as the proboscis. Fingers shorter than palm, broad, meeting when closed. Palpus represented by a rounded knob. Oviger 10-jointed; in the male the fifth joint is curved and armed with a row of backward-pointing spines at its distal end; the sixth joint is about half as long as the fifth and twice as curved, with reversed spines generally distributed. Terminal segments diminishing in size. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 213 Leg long. Second coxa and femur with a few setae dorsally. First tibia covered dorsally and distally with long setae, as long as twice the diameter of the joint. Second tibia covered with shorter setae. Tarsus very short, propodus thick, with several large, heavy spines on the sole. Auxiliary claws Jarge. The femoral cement gland tube is large, thick-walled, and nearly straight. Ficure 22.—Pallenopsis schmitti Hedgpeth: a, Dorsal view of cotype (male); b, ventral view; ¢, lateral view of chelifore and proboscis; d, chela; ¢, leg; f, tarsus and propodus. Measurements (male) as follows (from L. Giltay): Mm. | Fourth leg: Mm. Provoscis, tenipths . 2. 52 2.5 PEE CORN? oe ee ees 1, 75 MrinkJleng me will Lulu ol 3t 8 7.0 second coxa 1401 947 6 4.0 Abdomen, length____________-- 2.0 Third cos he west 24) see 2.0 Scape: Pomona 2h. et eat os 9.0 First. segment... ..-- =_- 1, 75 Birsistiia 22. a ae 9.0 Second segment-___--__-__- 1.0 DECONE (MOihee Woo Ss ao 10. 6 Tarsus-++ propodus- -------- 2.0 214 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 Remarks.—This species is characterized by the short, widely. sepa- rated lateral processes and the heavy appearance of the spines and claws of the propodus. In some specimens the setae on the legs are very fine. The segmentation of the chelifore is difficult to see in many specimens. The lateral chitinous line of the legs and trunk extends out on the scape of the chelifore. The foregoing description is quoted, with necessary alterations, from a manuscript by the late Dr. Louis Giltay. I am glad to concur with him in dedicating the species to Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, of the United States National Museum. Unfortunately circumstances made it impossible to preserve Giltay’s authorship. Distribution.—A Caribbean species, from Tortugas, Fla., to the Gulf ef Darién; from relatively shallow water, 8-10 to 155 fathoms. Genus PIGROGROMITUS Calman, 1927 PIGROGROMITUS TIMSANUS Caiman FicureE 23, a-d Pigrogromitus timsanus CALMAN, 1927, pp. 408-410, fig. 104, a. Record of collection.—Lake Worth, Fla., August 28, 1943, WHOI fouling collec- tion, station G 22, 3 feet, 9 specimens, including ovigerous male. With the exception of a somewhat stronger terminal claw of the oviger, these Florida specimens are inseparable from those found by Calman in the Suez Canal. It is probable that the difference in the oviger is due more to the angle at which the structure became fixed under the cover glass than to actual differences, since the rest of the armature of the oviger is so similar. The Florida specimens are about the same size as the types, and the proboscis has the same partial constriction in the middle (not well shown in Calman’s dorsal view, fig. 104a). The egg mass is single, as in Pycnogonum. The occurrence of this species in the Suez Canal and the Florida coast region is an interesting distribution puzzle, although not a sur- prising one, in view of the distribution of various other species on both sides of the Atlantic. The transitional peculiarities of this form have already been commented upon (Hedgpeth, 1947, p. 7). In con- sulting the passage of Twelfth Night from which the name of this genus was borrowed, I find the following: “In sooth, thou wast in very gracious fooling last night, when thou spokest of Pigrogromitus, of the Vapians passing the equinoctial of Queubus . . .” (Act. II, se. iu). In sooth, we taxonomists are hard put to it to find names, but there have been far worse sources than the nonsense of Wiil Shakespeare. It seems that Barnard (1946, p. 63) is of the same opinion, for he has suggested Queubus as a generic name for a form somewhat resembling Pigrogromitus, although it differs from it in lacking both chelifores and palpi. Inasmuch as this new form is so far known only from a ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 215 Ficure 23.—Pigrogromitus timsanus Calman: a, Dorsal view of male; 4, third leg of male; ce, chelifore; d, oviger. Ficure 24.—a, Phoxichilidium femoratum (Rathke); b, c, Halosoma robustum (Dohrn). 216 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 preliminary diagnosis, it is not possible to discuss its relationships adequately. It does, however, have 10-jointed ovigers. Family PHOXICHILIDIIDAE Sars, 1891 Phoxichilidiidae Marcus, 1940b. The principal characters of this family are the presence of ovigers only in the male (there may be rudimentary stumps in some females), 2-jointed chelifores, and the absence of palpi. The ovigers are usually 6-jointed but vary from 5- to 9-jointed. The genera and species in this family are vaguely defined; many of the species, especially in the genus Anoplodactylus, may be synonyms, and all.told the family is a difficult problem for the taxonomist. It is of particular interest to the ecologist and student of animal dis- tribution because of the pelagic habit of several of its species. Three genera, keyed as follows, are recognized in the waters under consideration: 1. Cephalic segment extended forward as a conspicuous neck, overhanging insertion of proboscis (auxiliary claws minute) ----- Anoplodactylus (p. 218) Cephalicisegment not extended forward! iwi 2 22. 2o2-0 2. 22 Joe ees 2 2. Lateral processes separated by at least their own diameter; propodus with PSG Sg ti 0 it, a a ee oe as eae nee eer rp! Se Phoxichilidium (p. 216) Lateral processes separated by less than their own diameter; auxiliary claws AIM UEC eee ee Oe et ee a Halosoma (p. 217) - [The distinction between Phozichilidium and Halosoma applies only to the species in this paper.] Genus PHOXICHILIDIUM Milne-Edwards, 18490 Phoxichilidium Marcvs, 1940b, pp. 36-39. Chelifore 2-jointed, chela small. Palpi lacking. Ovigers 5- or 6-jointed, present only in males. Propodus with prominent auxiliary claws. The cephalic segment is not markedly projected over the insertion of the proboscis. This genus is represented by a single species, P. femoratum, in the waters of eastern North America. PHOXICHILIDIUM FEMORATUM (Rathke) Ficure 24, a Nymphon femoratum RAaTHKE, 1799, p. 201. Phozichilidium mazillare Stimpson, 1853, p. 37. Phoxichilidium femoratum VEeRRILL, 1874a, p. 45. Phozichilidium mazillare WiLson, 1878b, pp. 12-18, pl. 4, fig. 1, a-e. Phoxichilidium minor WiLson, 1878b, pp. 13-14, pl. 4, fig. 2, a-f. Phozichilidium maczillare WiLson, 1880, pp. 480-481, pl. 3, figs. 12-15. Non Phozichilidium mazillare Morean, 1891. Phoxichilidium maczillare WHITEAVES, 1901, p. 263.—Prarsz, 1914, p. 77. Phoxichilidium femoratum NEEDLER, 1948, p. 14, fig. 18, a-{—LxsBour, 1945, p. 146, figs. 1, a-c, 2a. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 217 This is one of the commonest littoral pycnogonids of the New England coast north of Cape Cod.and is sparingly found as far south as Long Island Sound. It is found also on the coast of Europe from Norway to France, Iceland, Greenland, and on the Pacific coast of North America as far south as the Los Angeles region, but it has not been reported from Japan. The bathymetric range in the New England region is from shore line to 55 fathoms. According to Lebour, this species lives principally on Syncoryne. This author has proposed (1945, pp. 147-150) another species, P. tubulariae, which is smaller and has a longer abdomen and a somewhat different armature of spines on the propodus. The larvae are found in the gastral cavity of Tubularia. The anatomical characters of this species, with the exception of the longer abdomen, agree with Wilson’s (1878b) P. minor, which he subsequently (1880) reduced to synonymy under P. mazillare. His figures of the tarsus of this smaller variety agree very much with Lebour’s figure (2b) of the tarsus of her P. tubulariae. It would appear that P. minor is an intermediate form between femoratum and tubulariae and that it would be very difficult to keep these species apart, although they may represent bona fide geographic races. Lebour’s form should probably be considered a variety rather than a full species. Obviously this species requires further study, based on a large series of specimens. Genus HALOSOMA Cole, 1904 Halosoma Cour, 1904a, p. 286; Hitron, 1915, p. 69; Marcus, 1940b, pp. 43-46. Chelifores 2-jointed, with small chelae. Palpi lacking. Oviger 5- or 6-jointed. The trunk is compact, shield-shaped or circular, and with no conspicuous neck. There are minute auxiliary claws. This genus was established by Cole (1904a, p. 286) on a single female specimen. The oviger of the genotype, Halosoma viridintestinale, has not been figured previously (fig. 25, a). Hilton was in error in de- 217m x S CaN , ey Ficure 25.—Halosoma viridintestinale Cole: a, Oviger; b, femoral cement gland. 218 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 scribing it as 5-jointed; there are six articulated joints and a segmenta- tion near the base of the third joimt. As generic characters, dis- tinguishing Halosoma from Phozichilidium, Cole (loc. cit.) mentions the compact body with the last pair of lateral processes slightly separ- ated from the preceding pair and the intermediate development of the neck (between Phozichilidium and Anoplodactylus). The position of the lateral processes is somewhat variable in the genotype, however, and in a few specimens the body is completely circular. The femoral cement gland of Halosoma viridintestinale is of particular interest (fig. 25, 6). Viewed from directly above, it appears to be a circular opening at about the middle of the dorsal surface of the femur. From the side, however, it is a very short tubular process. The walls of the tube are transparent and cannot be easily demonstrated. Genital protuberances occur on the last two pair of coxae in the genotype, about a third as long as the width of the joint, rounded. HALOSOMA ROBUSTUM (Dohrn) FicureE 24, b, c Phozxichilidium robustum DouRn, 1881, p. 188, pl. 12, figs. 13-18. Anoplodactylus robustus BouviEr, 1923, p. 43, fig. 40. Halosoma robustum Marcus, 1940b, pp. 68-71, fig. 8, a-c. RECORD OF COLLECTIONS Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., from algae and old coral rock, 4 feet, July 14, 1926, C. R. Shoemaker coll., 1 specimen (female). This single female specimen appears to be Halosoma because of the slightly developed neck and narrowly separated lateral processes. The forward end of the cephalic segment is raised, and there are long spines on the tibiae as in H. robustum. Identification of an isolated female in this family is subject to reservation, however, and further collections may prove this to be another species, possibly Phozichili- dium virescens Hodge. Genus ANOPLODACTYLUS Wilson, 1878 Anaphia Say, 1821, p. 59. Anoplodactylus WILSON, 1878a, p. 200; 1880, p. 482. Anaphia Norman, 1908, p. 202. Anoplodactylus Marcus, 1940b, pp. 38-43.— WIL.tiaMs, 1941, pp. 33-35.—LEBourR, 1945, pp. 154-155. Chelifores 2-jointed, with small chelae. Palpi lacking, but females in many species with peculiar processes on ventral surface of proboscis. Oviger usually 6-jomted (nine in A. spinosus Mobius). Auxiliary claws reduced or minute. Males with conspicuous femoral cement glands, of various types. Although Wilson (1880) suggested that his Anoplodactylus might be congeneric with Anaphia Say, he preferred to retain Anoplodactylus until specimens from South Carolina, the type locality of Say’s ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 219 Anepiua pallida, might be collected which would clarify the status of Say’s genus. Since that time more than 30 species have been referred to Anoplodactylus, and Norman’s attempt to reinstate Anaphia was ignored by taxonomists (with the exception of Carpenter, 1912) and has received but one recognition in ecological literature (Lebour, 1916). In her most recent paper Lebour (1945) returns to Anoplodactylus without comment. According to the collections studied for this review, Anoplodactylus lentus Wilson is the commonest species of pycnogonid on the coast of South Carolina, but Phoxichilidium femoratum (Rathke), the species to which Say’s description might also apply inasmuch as it was based on female specimens, does not occur south ef Long Island Sound (see fig. 26). Say’s types appear to be no longer in existence, which makes it impossible to settle the matter with absolute finality.21 Even if the types were still extant, however, more would be lost than gained by restoring Say’s genus. Such a procedure would cause more unneces- sary confusion in a group which has already had more than its share of such unhappy taxonomy. Therefore it is urged that Anoplodactylus Wilson be retained and that Anaphia Say be rejected from further consideration, and be relegated to the status of a nomen odlitum, since it has not been in general use for more than 30 years. It is understood that this modification in the International Rules may be considered by the next committee.” The principal character of this genus is the prominently developed neck. The oviger is usually 6-jointed (with a nonarticulated seg- mentation on the third joint in many species). Wilson considered the apparent absence of auxiliary claws a generic character and coined his name to describe that condition, but minute auxiliary claws are present in most of the species, including Anoplodactylus lentus. The femoral cement glands of the males are of several types: In A. lentus the opening is a long slit on the median dorsal surface; in A. peiiolatus it is a short, tubular projection; and in A. insignis it is an oval cribri- form aperture. Still another form, which seems to be transitional between the tubular and cribriform types, is found in A. quadratispino- sus. This is a curious transparent vesicle (fig. 32, 6), with a pore at the summit. The females of many species have peculiar processes or tubercles on the ventral surface of the proboscis. In some species these are simple knobs; in others they are elaborate lobed processes. Their function and anatomical significance are obscure; Calman (1923, p. 289) has pointed out that they cannot be considered embryonic 21 T am indebted to Dr. Richard A. McLean, who kindly searched the Say collections at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia in my behalf for Say’s types. How fortunate that Rafinesque described no pycnogonids! 22 See Ernest Mayr, ‘‘Systematics and the Origin of Species,’ p. 17, 1942, 220 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 - a ; KG ape es ! Cxw ee i 4 | A- Phoxichilidium femoratum O-Anoplodactylus lentus OA lentus (large type) Ficure 26.—Distribution of is Saget itis Wilson and Phoxichilidium femoratum Rathke ° ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 221 limb buds, “since the proboscis, whatever its morphological nature may be, is not a somite.” On the whole, the species of Anoplodactylus are a nondescript lot of variable organisms separated by rather vaguely defined characters, and identification is not always certain unless both sexes are available. There are at least 13 species from the Caribbean region alone, 11 of which are included in the following key, according to general char- acters applicable to both sexes. An unidentifiable species (A, p. 236) from Tortugas is not included in this key, but the male is separable from all the other species in the region on the basis of a very slndeer tubular cement gland at the distal end of the femur. Another species (B, p. 236), represented by a single damaged female specimen, can be separated on the basis of its large chelae, unadorned legs, and a short, tuberclelike projection on the propodus. Williams, in his short paper on the “revision” of this genus (1941), presents a map indicating the occurrence of Anoplodactylus parvus off Venezuela instead of Bermuda, A. maritimus just east of the Virgin Islands instead of south of the Azores, and placing Bermuda about 5° east of its true position. It is unfortunate that more care was not devoted to the preparation of this map, which does indicate the predominantly tropical distribution of the genus. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ANOPLODACTYLUS DISCUSSED IN THIS REPORT 1. Second tibia not markedly shorter than first_..............-.-_-------- 2 Second tibia less than half as long as first__.__.___.________ evelinae (p. 232) PERO ORCIS OY MNCMONL = - og oA at a Sa nn Aa ns ee Se Ee 3 Proboseis styliform: ~2o.. 22 = 22...-2222- stylirostris, new species (p. 232) 3. Eye tubercle and abdomen not conspicuously long; sole of propodus without SGMETC SPINCS Ie 2s 46 he bee. oe eer eed. eS eel) ed ae 4 [Fingers of chelae (spinose, except at tips?) conspicuously longer than palm (usually about as long as palm in other species in this group); propodus with a long, bluntly rounded projection at its distal end (Mediterranean, North Africa). (Sp. B, p. 236, has a short tubercle on the propodus). massiliensis Bouvier] Eye tubercle and abdomen very long, erect; sole of propodus with a row of BURNERS ADMNO A 222 A quadratispinosus (p. 232) 4. With prominent conical or rounded projections at end of femur______-__- 12 Mateus, such processes on femurs. 22. oi Loo So ee eo oe ee ee 5 3.) Basal spines of propodus simiplen.o/is2- 22 [ue oles ae SE 6 Largest basal spine denticulate______________ pectinus, new species (p. 234) 6. Fingers long, slender, with setae; palm elongate or angular____.____-___-_-- 7/ Fingers of chela short, curved, opposed, or slightly crossed____...-.------- 8 7. Eye tubercle very low, eyes present.._.._..._------- Pmaritimus (p. 230) Eye tubercle imperceptible or lacking, eyes absent_____- typhlops (p. 228) 8. With low tubercles at ends of lateral processes, or basal spines of propodus less than half as long as width of propodus___--.---.----------------.. 9 Without tubercles or processes on lateral processes; basal spines on propodus at least half as long as width of the propodus_________---- lentus (p. 225) 9. Eye tubercle not conical or conspicuously broader at base; two or three or more large spines on heel of propodus____-_-_-_---_---------------- 10 746333—48——_5 222 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Eye tubercle conical, with a broad base; one or two large curved spines on heel of propodus_------------------------------ carvalhoi (p. 230) [Proboscis obtusely conical at tip (blunt in carvalhoi); chelae not so spinose as carvathoi, but tibia more so (Brazil to 5° S.)-------------------------------------------------7---- stictus Marcus] 10. Cephalic segment overhanging proboscis by at least half its length; with minute auxiliary claws_.---------------------------------------- 11 Cephalic segment short, little beyond base of proboscis; without auxiliary ClSiWS onn~ ht oe ee see Set SB ee 3 g-s4=S> pygmaeus (p. 224) [Cephalic segment slightly longer; scape of chelifore slightly expanded distally (southern Brazil) brasiliensis, new name pro pygmaeus Marcus] 11. With low tubercles on lateral processes and first coxae; a few long setae on legs. 22 i 22 Pee tlt eee s-- 2-252 -=5-2-- petiolatus (p. 222) Tubercles absent or inconspicuous; legs without setae or with very few. parvus (p. 223) 12. Processes on scape of chelifore overhanging insertion of chelae; conical processes on dorsodistal ends of femur and tibiae___-- insignis (p. 226) Scape without overhanging process; processes on femur rounded, lacking or inconspicuous on tibiae__..--------------------- polignaci (p. 230) ANOPLODACTYLUS PETIOLATUS (Krgyer) FicgurE 27, a—d Phoxichilidium petiolatum KrgyvER, 1844, p. 123. Anoplodactylus petiolatus Sars, 1891, pp. 25-29, pl. 2, fig. 2, a—-1. Anaphia petiolata Lesour, 1916, pp. 51-56, figs. 1-3. Anoplodactylus petiolatus TIMMERMANN, 19382, p. 327, fig. 3—Marcus, 1940b, pp. 61-62, fig. 5, a, b.—Lzsour, 1945, pp. 157-159, fig. 6, a—h. RECORDS OF COLLECTION Albatross station 2307, Oct. 21, 1884, lat. 35°42’00’’ N., long. 74°54'30"" W., 43 fathoms, 5 specimens. St. Joseph Island, Tex., from sargassum cast on beach, April 16, 1946, J. W. Hedgpeth coll., 12 specimens (including ovigerous males). The females of the Texas specimens are almost glabrous; the males are slightly spinose. Although the lateral processes of the Albatross specimens (used in preparing the figure) are more widely separated than seems characteristic for this species, they are otherwise insepara- ble from A. petiolatus. Distribution.—Anoplodactylus petiolatus is widely distributed along the European coast from Norway (about lat. 69° N.) to the Mediter- ranean and in the Sargasso Sea; in Santos Bay, Brazil, and the Beagle Channel (Tierra del Fuego) and on the coast of southern Chile. These southern records may not be of the same species. As Marcus (1940b, pp. 41-42) has shown, the widely published record of Alaska for this species is based on Norman’s (1908, p. 202) error in misinter- preting a comparative table of differences between A. petiolatus and A. erectus Cole in Cole’s (1904a) paper on California and Alaskan pycnogonids. It has not yet been collected in North Pacific waters. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 223 ANOPLODACTYLUS PARVUS Giltay Figure 27, e, f Anoplodactylus parvus GiLttTay, 1934, pp. 1-3, figs. 1-5. Fish Hawk records.—Station 8826, July 8, 1920, Chesapeake Bay, off Plantation Point, 45.75 fathoms, 1 male; station 8887, October 19, 1920, Chesapeake Bay off Rappahannock Spit, 12.81 fathoms, 1 male. The principal differences between this species and A. petiolatus are its smaller size, reduction of tubercles on the lateral processes, and comparatively fewer spines on the legs. Both species have tubular cement glands of the same type, and may prove to be the same. Timmermann (1932, p. 327) comments on the small size of his speci- aI Ficure 27.—a-d, Anoplodactylus petiolatus (Kr@yer); e, f, A. parvus Giltay. 224 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VoL. 97 mens of A. petiolatus taken from the sargassum, and it is possible that his collections represent an intermediate form, if not this form, which was described by Giltay from Bermuda. ANOPLODACTYLUS PYGMAEUS (Hodge) FicurE 27A Pallene pygmaea Hopes, 1864, p. 116, pl. 13, figs. 16, 17. Phoxichilidium exiguum Dourn, 1881, p. 181, pl. 12, figs. 19-22. Nee Anoplodactylus pygmaeus Marcus, 1940b, pp 63-64, pl. 6, fig. 6a-d. Anoplodactylus pygmaeus LeBour, 1945, pp. 159-162, fig. 7a-l. RECORDS OF COLLECTIONS Norfolk, Va., August 8, 1944, WHOI fouling collection, station E 16, 2 males (1 ov.), 1 female. Also 1 male, station E 17, same area and date. Galveston, Tex., October 12, 1948, WHOI fouling collection, station I 25, several specimens including ovigerous males, This minute species, which indicates, in the comparatively short cephalic segment, a transitional phase between Anoplodactylus and Halosoma, is evidently widely distributed. It may have been con- fused with A. petiolatus as a member of the sargassum fauna. As Lebour has shown, the species described by Marcus under this name is not the same, and for it I propose the new name Anoplodactylus brasiliensis. These specimens from Virginia and Texas agree, in the proportions of the joints of the ovigers, as well as in the presence of small tubercles on the lateral processes, with the European forms as described by Dohrn and Lebour. It is easily separable from A. petiolatus on the basis of the smaller size, presence of small spinose ——= view; b, leg; c, tarsus and Figure 27A—Anaplodactylus pygmaeus (Hodge): a, Dorsal propodus; d, oviger; ¢, chela. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 225 tubercles, and the relatively short cephalic segment. In petiolatus the cephalic segment overhangs the proboscis. This is also the case with the Brazilian species described by Marcus, although the projection is shorter. ANOPLODACTYLUS LENTUS Wilson Ficure# 28, a-c Anaphia pallida Say, 1821, pp. 59-61, pl. 5, fig. 7. Phozichilidium mazillare VERRILL, 1873b, p. 250 (544), pl. 7, fig. 35. Anoplodactylus lentus Wi1uson, 1878a, p. 200; 1878b, pp. 14-15, pl. 4, fig. 3, a-c; 1880, pp. 482-483, pl. 3, figs. 16-18. Phoxichilidium mazillare Morean, 1891 (embryology). Anoplodactylus lentus CoLE, 1901, pp. 195-207 (habits); 1906b, pp. 740-741 (habits). Anaphia lenta Norman, 1908, p. 204. Anoplodactylus lentus Sumner, Osspurn, and Coz, 1913, pp. 142-143, 677, chart 121 (distribution map).—F isu, 1925, p. 161.—Dawson, 1934, pp. 62- 68, pl. 1, figs. 1-17 (character of blood).—Herpeprrrn, 1943b, p. 45.— NEEDLER, 1948, p. 14, fig. 17, a-d. ALBATROSS RECORDS von Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth phil, ° ’ ” ° , au, Fathoms POMOC Cbs 10 Sees ere ean ce Mee eras? LEM 35 21 00 75 21 30 16 19 Od1GH waned, OSSD" 227 28 ek os A A es 2 24 25 30 81 47 45 50 17,12 PTI EN oe 2.9 ee ee ee ee 20 59 30 86 23 45 130 19 PROP POD cist i BOOn a aos eee haa otenecatue= sess 29 18 15 85 32 10 25 10,229 7-57: Val eae (yea ee ees Rene ee Pe Cas on eee See os 29 17 #00 85 30 45 26 19 Pay Pll ieee oa Chip te? a ee 29 15 30 85 29 30 27 1d FEF fg) (mai ee ee ee eee 29 14 00 85 29 15 25 19 PA¥ hv ae GOs 8 S52 ee ak cee rs _ rer ayes se 29 10 00 85 31 00 30 2292 PASO | of Mel BEh a 2 ag Fo a ie A ae ee 29 32 00 87 45 00 25 1¢',19 2S | eS UG Ci eae Dee eee 28 45 00 85 02 00 30 19 PAE || COT ps YAN Eo ae! ee ee 35 08 30 75 10 O00 49 5+ ADDITIONAL RECORDS Beaufort, N. C., Pivers Island, Laboratory Wharf, Nov. 2, 1927, J. S. Gutsell coll., 2 females. Beaufort, N. C., June 1942, R. A. McLean coll., 1 male (ov.). Folly River, 8. C., Apr. 24, 1935, 2-3 fathoms, sand and mud, 5 specimens (including ovigerous males). Tybee Island, Ga., 1888, 1 female, dried mounted in box (A.M.N.H.). Tortugas, Fla., April 1904, C. H. Edmondson coll., 3 specimens. South of Tortugas, Fla., June 10, 1925, W. L. Schmitt coll., 3 females, “prune purple.” Pelican station 169-7, lat. 28°24.5’N., long. 80°03’ W., Jan. 18, 1940, 45 fathoms, try net, 2 males. Also 300+ specimens from Woods Hole, Mass., and vicinity, various dates. 2°6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 The characteristic features of this species are the lack of tubercles or processes on the lateral processes and legs, lack of noticeable spines on the body or legs, and the simple slitlike femoral cement gland of the male. There are no ventral growths on the proboscis of the female. Some specimens, particularly those from the Caribbean, are quite large, with an extent of at least 3 inches (7.5 cm.), while those found at Woods Hole and on the South Carolina coast are about half that size. A specimen intermediate in size was taken off Yucatan (Albatross station 2354). The distribution of these two forms is indicated by different symbols in figure 26. Some of the large Caribbean speci- mens are deep purple in color in life, as are many of the smaller Woods Hole specimens. Wilson (1880, p. 483) lists a specimen from Eastport, Maine, and in the National Museum collection there is a single specimen labeled “Casco Bay, 1873.”’ Both of these records may be errors in labeling; at any rate, A. lentus is rare north of Cape Cod. Its abundance at Calibogue Sound, not far from Charleston, suggests that Say’s Anaphia pallida is the same species, inasmuch as Charleston was the type locality of Say’s species. The breeding season of A. lentus at Woods Hole is August (Cole, 1901); ovigerous males were taken in June at Beaufort, N. C., and in April from Calibogue Sound. None of the Caribbean specimens are ovigerous. Dawson has described the colored corpuscles in the blood of this species in some detail. The coloring matter is neither hemoglobin nor hemerythrin, and may have some respiratory function. ANOPLODACTYLUS INSIGNIS (Hoek) FiGureE 28, d-g Phoxichilidium insigne Horx, 1881, pp. 82-84, pl. 14, figs. 5-7 [? p. 107, pl. 16, fig. 18). Anoplodactylus insignis bermudensis Coun, 1904b, pp. 325-327, pl. 20, figs. 1-3; pl. 22, figs. 21-29. Anoplodactylus insignis Marcus, 1940b, pp. 58-60. Anoplodactylus insignis bermudensis Marcvs, 1940b, p. 40. Anoplodactylus insignis HepGrEtu, 1943b, p. 45. FISH HAWK RECORDS Station Number of No. Date Lat. N. Long. W. | Depth specimens * ° , wr ° , ur Fathoms CIASH INOW 20, LOU ees ence oe nccareaseares soene nee ce 29 48 10 83 55 15 5 1¢' (ov.) 2014 DecsGe W908. 24. 28 Fee ee ASS 29 32 30 83 50 00 9 lf T2881) BEDS 24, O02 Poe see ee ee a eee 24 42 50 81 53 38 ve 1f pot eM PIN clo): ea U1 i ee = Oe ee ae 24 42 30 81 55 52 744 10 7) OI Wie DUS by Ae bt 1 i 25 09 45 81 18 35 3%4| 19 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 227 ADDITIONAL RECORDS Albatross station 2269, lat. 35°12’30’’ N., long. 75°05’00’’ W., Oct. 19, 1884, 48 fathoms, 2 females. Tortugas, Fla., June 1908, 8-10 fathoms, among Bryozoa, R. C. Osburn coll., 1 female. One-half mile off east end of Sanibel Island, Fla., Apr. 6, 1933, 6-15 feet, 2 females. One mile off Sanibel Island, Fla., Apr. 10, 1933, 24-27 feet, 1 female. Pelican station 169-7, lat. 28°24.5’ N., long. 80°03’W., Jan. 18, 1940, 45 fathoms, try net, 4 females. Thetis Expedition station 10, three-eighths mile northwest by west of North Anclote Channel, Fla., November 17, 1941, sand bottom, 3 fathoms, 1 female (AMNH). Ficure 28.—a-c, Anoplodactylus lentus Wilson: a, Dorsal view of trunk; b, oviger; c, tarsus and propodus; d-g, A. insignis (Hoek): d, ventral view of anterior part of female; ¢, dorsal view of trunk; f, leg (female); g, tarsus and propodus. 298 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Cole’s variety bermudensis of this species was proposed for speci- mens which differed from Hoek’s description in that they lacked lateroventral tubercles on the femur, were indistinctly segmented between the third and fourth trunk segments, and had cribriform cement glands. I have reexamined these Bermuda specimens and find that they fall within the wide range of variation for this plastic species. In some of the Florida region material, notably the female from Tortugas and the male collected at Fish Hawk station 7201, these femoral protuberances are identical with those illustrated by Hoek (pl. 14, fig. 5), but in another specimen (Fish Hawk station 7148) they are very low, and they are lacking in the other specimens. On none of the material could I find anything like the gland elaborately illus- trated by Hoek (pl. 16, fig. 18), and no such gland is mentioned in his formal description of the species. Reference to it is made in a later section of his paper, in which he refers to the cement gland of this species as a “single pore at the end of the joint, placed at the tip of a conical excrescence.’’ Reference of this structure to A. insignis is clearly a lapsus calami; there is nothing in Hoek’s description of Phozichilidium insigne or in the figures to indicate the presence of such a ‘conical excrescence.’”’ My suspicions have been confirmed by Dr. Isabella Gordon, who examined the Challenger type for me and found an open cribriform structure on the femur, of the type en- countered in all the males from these collections. Some of the female specimens have a completely segmented trunk. The ventral processes on the proboscis of the female are very variable, in some they are entirely lacking, in others they are quite prominent, resembling a pair of cones, projected forward. An intermediate condi- tion is represented in figure 28, d. The blunt condition of the eye tubercle described by Hoek was probably a result of the same rough treatment which deprived his specimen of three of its legs; in most of these specimens the tubercle is pointed. The genital protuberances of the female are relatively low and broad, with pores on all of them. In some of the male specimens these protuberances are very long, but apparently functional only in the last two pairs of legs. The cribriform gland opening is a narrow ellipse with a longitudinal dividing septum. In size the specimens vary from 25 to 40 mm. in extent. Distribution —Bahia, Brazil, to Bermuda, off Cape Hatteras, Tortugas, and western Florida. ANOPLODACTYLUS TYPHLOPS Sars FIGURE 29, a-c Anoplodactylus typhlops Sars, 1888, No. 6; 1891, pp. 29-31, pl. 2, fig. 3, a-c.— CARPENTER, 1905, p. 5, pl. 3, figs. 12-19.—SrerHEensEN, 1935, pp. 29-380. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 229 Record of collection.—Tortugas, Fla., 582 (?) fathoms, July 30, 1932, W. L. Schmitt coll., 1 female. This species has been reported from Norway (near Trondheimfjord) and off Achill Head, Ireland. The latter record is a deep pelagic tow. The origin of the ovigers is well out on the lateral processes of the cephalic segment. Anoplodactylus neglectus Hoek (1898, pp. 293-295) is very similar to this species and would probably be consid- ered identical with it had it not been collected in the sub-Antarctic between Prince Edward Island and Crozet Island. Figure 29.—a-c, Anoplodactylus typhlops Sars; d, e, ? A. maritimus Hodgson. 230 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 ? ANOPLODACTYLUS MARITIMUS Hodgson F1GuRE 29, d, e Anoplodactylus maritimus Hopason, 1914, p. 164; 1915, p. 148. Anoplodactylos maritimus Hopason, 1927, p. 357. Anoplodactylus maritimus Marcus, 1940b, p. 60. Record of collectionOff Habana, Cuba, State University of Iowa Bahamas Expedition, 1893. 1 female. Hodgson’s regrettable eagerness to establish the priority of his names has deprived us of an adequate description of this species, and the reference of this specimen to A. maritimus is little more than aguess. The principal points of his hazy descriptions are the truncate eye tubercle, the lateral processes ‘‘scarcely so much as widely sepa- rated,’”’ and two or three large spines on the heel of the propodus. This specimen does not disagree with that description. Marcus suggests that A. maritimus may be related to A. insignis and A. polignaci, but it is hard to imagine that the existence of prominent processes on the legs (as possessed by these two species) would pass unnoted. It is possible that A. maritimus may be the same as A. pelagicus Flynn (1928, pp. 25-27, fig. 14), which was collected off South Africa in a surface tow. Except for its more robust appearance, the speci- men before me is very close to A. pelagicus. Unfortunately this is a female specimen and cannot certainly be referred to any known species or designated as the type of a new species. The tibial joints are not spiny as in A. pelagicus, however. ANOPLODACTYLUS POLIGNACI Bouvier Figure 30, a-d Anoplodactylus polignact Bouvier, 1914a, pp. 223-226.—Hxrperrern, 1943b, pp. 45-46, A single male specimen was taken by the Bache off Sombrero Key, Fla., in 1872. The femoral cement gland, which was not described by Bouvier, is of the cribriform type, located on a raised eminence. It has a conspicuous, raised, transparent rim. ANOPLODACTYLUS CARVALHOI Marcus Figure 30, e-g Anoplodactylus carvalhoi Marcus, 1940b, pp. 50-54, fig. 3, a-k—Hurpaprra, 1943b, p. 46. Record of collections —Smithsonian-Hartford Expedition station 37, St. Croix, Virgin Islands, Salt River Lagoon, from mangrove roots, Apr. 10, 1937, Kai Essman and W. L. Schmitt colls., 8 males and 5 females. Previously reported from the coast of southern Brazil. The proc- esses on the ventral surface of the female proboscis are elaborate ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 231 Ficure 30.—a-d, Anoplodactylus polignaci Bouvier: a, Lateral view of cephalic segment; b, oviger; c, femur; d, tarsus and propodus. ¢-g, A. carvalhoi Marcus: e, Lateral view of female; f, third leg of male; g, tarsus and propodus. Ficure 31.—Anoplodactylus evelinae Marcus: a, Dorsal view; }, terminal joints of leg. 232 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 lobed structures, and in addition there are fingerlike processes near the base of the proboscis which appear to be rudimentary palpi. These structures are also found in the males. The legs are rather short and the femur and tibiae are subequal. The cement gland opening of the male is a short transparent tube or vesicle on a slight elevation. These preserved specimens are green in color, like those of Endeis spinosa; according to Marcus the live animals have rose-red markings on various parts of the trunk and extremities. ANOPLODACTYLUS EVELINAE Marcus Figure 31 Anoplodactylus evelinae Marcus, 1940b, pp. 55-58, fig. 4, a—h. Record of collections.—Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., July 20, 1926, washed from seaweed and sand, shallow water, C. R. Shoemaker coll., 1 female; same, Aug. 18, 1926, from rocks and algae, 1 male. This curious little pycnogonid was found by Marcus in Santos Bay and Rio de Janeiro Bay. Marcus comments on the doubtful generic status of this species. Giltay (im MS.) proposed the generic name Labidodactylus for it, and if future collections demonstrate its right to independence from Anoplodactylus, his name might be used. ANOPLODACTYLUS QUADRATISPINOSUS Hedgpeth FicurRE 32 Anoplodactylus quadratispinosus HepGPETH, 1943b, pp. 47-48, pl. 8, figs. a-g. This species is known from a single male specimen collected by Count Pourtalés near Key West in 1869. The square spines on the sole of the propodus are a ready character for identification. ANOPLODACTYLUS STYLIROSTRIS, new species FIGuRE 33 Types.—Holotype (female): U.S.N.M. No. 81094, off southeast end of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., August 9, 1926, about 10 feet, C. R. Shoemaker coll. Paratypes (2 males, 1 ov.): WHOI fouling collection, station G 23, Key West, Fla., August 29, 1943. Bahamas: September 3, 1943. WHOI fouling collections, station J 6, 1 male (ov). Description —Trunk relatively compact, for the genus, lateral processes separated by slightly less than their own diameter. Eye tubercle rounded, about as wide as high, eyes large. Proboscis styliform, pointed downward and usually not apparent from above. It tapers evenly to a blunt tip. Abdomen slightly elliptical, about twice as long as the last lateral process. Chelifore: Scape about as long as distance between eye tubercle and ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 233 first lateral process, slightly swollen distally. Chelae small, fingers bowed, opposing at tips. Leg: Sparsely armed with long setae in male, females with fewer or no spines. Femur of female with slight constriction near middle, male with a moderately prominent distal projection bearing a large spine. Ficure 32.—Anoplodactylus quadratispinosus Hedgpeth: a, Lateral view; b, femoral cement gland; c, tarsus and propodus. 5 mm Ficure 33.—Anoplodactylus stylirostris, new species: a, Dorsal view of holotype; }, ventral view of proboscis and chelifores; ¢, tarsus and propodus; d. third leg of male; e, oviger. 234 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Cement gland a short narrowly conical tube at an acute angle near middle of femur. Second tibia half or two-thirds as long as first. Tarsus very short, angular, with one or two basal spines. Propodus curved, with a prominent heel, bearing a stout basal spine and two or three shorter spines on its inner margin. Sole with several broad blunt spines. Terminal claw four-fifths as long as propodus; auxiliary claws not apparent. Oviger: Fourth segment three times as long as fifth and twice as long as second, slightly curved at basal fourth, with a slight swelling near base. Terminal segments sparsely armed with setae. Measurements (paratype) as follows: Mm. Third leg: Mm. PrOQUOSUIS fete me on ee eee 0.5 COXM6. oes eens Soe 0. 4 Thameterat base. —.--2----. 22 0. 2 Pemurs 22 2s 5242s ee eee 0. 4 4 EASTON cit Ont Mie ASO eerie ee Doh Se aah 0. 75 FBirsttibias.-- 4444285. 0 0.3 Cephalic segment.-.----------- Of35. 2) Secondwibiac.... 22.5. 2.298 0. 25 Second lateral process, width___._ 0.35 Tarsus___------.------------ 0. 05 PIIOMIGH Sone ce Se U0: 15: - Propodgus..oo2-..7- == 5. eee 0.3 Terminal’ claw: 22-22. ee 0. 2 Remarks.—This species resembles Anoplodactylus intermedius Hil- ton (1942d, pp. 44-45) from Hawaii in its styliform proboscis. It may possibly be the same species, although Dr. Elwood C. Zimmer- man, who examined the Hawaiian type for me and compared it with drawings of this form, is of the opinion that they are distinct. The abdomen of this species appears to be about half as long as that of A. intermedius, and the eyes are indistinct or lacking in the Hawaiian form, according to Hilton. The styliform proboscis is a curious aberration in a genus in which so many of the females have ventral outgrowths on the proboscis. ANOPLODACTYLUS PECTINUS, new species Figure 34 Types.—Holotype (male): U.S.N.M. No. 81095, 5 miles south of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., July 20, 1924, 7-10 fathoms, W. L. Schmitt coll. Paratype (male): U.S.N.M. No. 81096, off north end of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., Aug. 4, 1926, from old rocks and algae, 15 feet, C. R. Shoemaker coll. Description.—Trunk slender, lateral processes separated by as much as their own diameter. Eye tubercle erect, rounded. Eyes large, near top of tubercle, distinct but lightly pigmented. Proboscis short, subcylindrical, constricted slightly near the tip. Chelifore: Scape very slender, sticklike, with a few setae along the outside. Chelae small, fingers slender, bowed, crossing near the tip, without teeth or spinules. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 235 Oviger: Six-jointed, with a nonarticulated segmentation near base of the third segment. Relatively few spines on the terminal joints. Leg: Slender, free of knobs, tubercles, or prominent setae, except for a low rounded knob at the dorsodistal end of the femur. Femoral cement gland of the cribriform type, at the middle of the joint, depressed and with a transparent rim. Femur and tibiae subequal. Tarsus small; propodus curved but without a prominent heel. There are two basal spines, one simple, the other with denticulations on the inner margin, which give it the appearance of aminutecomb. Ventral margin (sole) of propodus with 10 or 11 spines. Terminal claw nearly as long as propodus, almost straight. Auxiliary claws not apparent; if present, they are very small. Ficure 34.—Anoplodactylus pectinus, new species: a, Dorsal view of holotype; 5, oviger; c, leg; d, tarsus and propodus. 236 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Measurements.—As follows: Proboscis: Mm, Third leg: Mm. Werighn 22. SA Sou Lee oe 0.5 Coxses. 3 752 eee see een 0. 5 Diameter:.2 (Pees 0. 25 Femur. cust? 36th ee oe oe 1.4 Ge Gp a A A, RRP ap) ed 1.9 Hirst: tibiae. oe. ee 1.3 Cephalic segment -_.-—----=----- 0. 6 Second tibia! 22. 2420-3 1. 25 Second lateral process, width_---- 0. 8 RATeUa eo Le Be ae 0. 08 PANS GOING Maret tee eee nye a ae 0. 25 Propodtis= 22 22- = Seee 0.5 ‘Terminal claw =) 22. oa 0.3 Remarks.—Except for the curious denticulate spine at the base of the propodus and the cribriform type of gland opening, this species resembles A. pelagicus Flynn (1928, pp. 25-27), especially in the very slender scape of the chelifore. ANOPLODACTYLUS{sp. A Figure 35 Record of collectionLoggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., August 8, 1930, 10 fathoms, many seaweeds, W. L. Schmitt coll., 1 male (incomplete). Unfortunately this specimen is without a complete leg, so the structure of the tarsal joints cannot be described. This is probably an undescribed species; the very long and slender tubular gland duct near the distal end of the femur has not been mentioned in other species of the genus. The eye tubercle is tall and erect. The trunk is apparently unsegmented and the integument is very transparent. It is possible that this is a recently molted specimen, but the development of the oviger and femoral gland indicates that it is almost if not quite mature. ANOPLODACTYLUS sp. B Figure 36 Record of collection.—FPelican station 169-7, Jan. 18, 1940, lat. 28°24.5’ N., long. 80°03’ W., 45 fathoms, try net, 1 female. If not the same species, this specimen is closely related to Anoplo- dactylus massiliensis Bouvier (1916a, 1937). It differs from Bouvier’s specimen (also a female), dredged in the Mediterranean off Marseilles, in the following details: 1. The spur on the propodus is about half as long. 2. The eye tubercle is blunt instead of sharply pointed, and there is no evidence of injury. 3. The genital protuberances are very low. 4, The lateral processes are not so widely separated. Clarification of the status of this specimen must await the collec- tion of males from both sides of the Atlantic. A. massiliensis may have as wide a range of variation as A. insignis; in fact, such individual variation appears to be the rule in this genus. But the shape and spiny armature of the propodus usually form the most constant feature of the species of Anoplodactylus, and the short spur of the ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 237 lmm S~ \ in Ps + \ % A, Vy ch, = TE, fae —— ve Ca Ficure 35.—Anoplodactylus sp. A: a, Dorsal view; b, oviger; c, femur. a Ficure 36.—Anoplodactylus sp. B: a, Dorsal view of female; }, lateral view; ¢, tarsus and propodus; d, chela. propodus may separate thisspecimen from Bouvier’sspecies. Bouvier’s figure (1923, fig. 34) is somewhat stylized, and the differences may be more apparent than real. The structure of the chelae is different from those of the other species found in the Caribbean region; the fingers are conspicuously longer than the “palm” or basal part, and the tips are without spines (fig. 36, d). 746333—48——6 238 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 There is only one entire leg on the specimen. It is without knobs, prominent spines, or other notable features, and has the following measurements: Mm. Mm. RES tHCO RA heey BoM We ake Lexa eo O85. Wemiup se ee PL eee ee 6. 0 DCCONGHCOXAE ht ce ae ea P25 rst ube see 2 eo ee Gy MILNE GEC ORR ee ec ee ee O86; “Secondstibias 3-2 ke eee 9. 0 ‘Tarsus: and, propodus.. ...2..=2- 1) Family ENDEIDAE Norman, 1908 This family is characterized by the absence of chelifores and palpi, and the presence of ovigers only in the male. The ovigers are 7- jointed. The legs are long, terminating in a well-developed propodus with auxiliary claws. The only known genus is Endeis. Genus ENDEIS Philippi, 1843 (Phozichilus auct. nec Latreille) Chilophozus StEBBING, 1902, p. 188. Endeis Norman, 1908, pp. 231—-233.—Co.z, 1910, p. 194—Catman, 1915a, pp. 48-49.— Marcus, 1940b, pp. 71-72. The unhappy history of this generic name is marked by several impassioned polemics and much spilling of ink (see Pallenidae). As can be seen from the incomplete synonymy given below for Endeis spinosa, the matter is still unsettled. This is unfortunate in view of the wide distribution and ecological interest of this species. It seems too much to hope that future specialists will agree on the matter. Marcus is the first to notice that the name Endeis requires feminine endings for its species. Endeis is represented in the northwestern Atlantic by one species, E.. spinosa, but imasmuch as EF. charybdaea has been found on the coast of Brazil, it may also be expected in the Caribbean. The only reliable character on which both sexes of the two species may be separated is the larger size of EL. charybdaea; the length of the body, exclusive of the proboscis, is 8-10 mm., whereas the body of EF. spinosa is never more than 6.5 mm. in length and is usually less. At best this is an empirical distinction, and FE. charybdaea seems to be an uncertain species. ENDEIS SPINOSA (Montagu) FIGURE 37 Phallangium spinosum Montaau, 1808, p. 100, pl. 5, fig. 7. Phoxichilus vulgaris Dourn, 1881, pp. 169-174, pls. 10, 11. Phoxichilus spinosus Sars, 1891, pp. 15-20, pl. 1, fig. 3, a-g. Endeis spinosus NorMan, 1908, p. 233 (synonymy).—Co gz, 1910, pp. 193-203, figs. 1, 2—Sumnzr, OsBurn, and Coie, 1913, p. 143. Phoxichilus spinosus BouviER, 1917, pp. 30-81, pl. 2, fig. 2. Chilophoxus spinosus BOUVIER, 1923, pp. 45-46, figs. 42, 43 —TimmMERMANN, 1932, pp. 327, 333. ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 239 Phozichilus spinosus STEPHENSEN, 1935, p. 30. Chilophozus spinosus GiuTay, 1937, p. 89. Endeis spinosa Marcus, 1940b, pp. 73-75, fig. 9, a~-e—Hrparrtu, 1948b, p. 48. RECORDS OF COLLECTIONS Bermuda, 1877. G. Brown Goode coll., 1 female (Y. P. M.). Bermuda, north shore of St. George Island, June 9, 1936, F. A. Chace, Jr., coll., 1 female (M. C. Z.). Bermuda, H. Pratt coll., 1 female. Bermuda, from sargassum, on hydroids, March 17, 1917, W. J. Crozier coll., 1 male, 1 female. Bermuda, Nonsuch Wharf, Aug. 10, 1937, William Beebe coll., 1 female. Fish Hawk station 8841, Aug. 22, 1920, off Plantation Point, Chesapeake Bay, 12.8 fathoms, 1 female. Huntington Island Buoy, 11 miles off coast of South Carolina, March 7, 1935, T. B. Christiansen coll., 1 female. Tortugas, Fla., June 20, 1905, surface tow, L. J. Cole coll., 1 female (olive-green and light yellow-green). Tortugas, Fla., Apr. 15, 1906, surface, Gulf Stream, L. J. Cole coll., 1 female. Tortugas, Fla., Apr. 22, 1906, surface tow, L. J. Cole coll., 1 female. Tortugas, Fla., May 9, 1906, in floating gulf weed, L. J. Cole coll., 1 male (ov.), 1 female. Tortugas, Fla., June 5, 1906, 5 fathoms, L. J. Cole coll., fragments. Loggerhead Key, Fla., northwest of lighthouse, Aug. 4, 1924; 5-10 feet, W. L. Schmitt coll., 1 female. Shoals north of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., 1924, 10-48 feet, W. L. Schmitt coll., 1 female. North end of Loggerhead Key, Tortugas, Fla., July 14, 1925, W. L. Schmitt coll., 1 male. Tortugas, Fla., July 28, 1926, from live car under wharf, C. R. Shoemaker coll., 1 male, 1 juv. Tortugas, Fla., Aug. 18, 1926, from rope hanging in water near wharf, C. R. Shoemaker coll. 5 females. Johnson-Smithsonian Expedition, station 16, Feb. 3, 1933, north of Puerto Rico, lat. 18°31’ N., long. 66°10’15’’ W., 38 fathoms, tangles, 1 male (with Pentanymphon geayt Bouvier). Haiti, Mar. 25, 1927. [Identified from a water-color painting of an ovigerous male, forwarded by William Beebe; the specimen is lost or mislaid.] Guayanilla Playa Wharf, Ensenada, Puerto Rico, June 25, 1915, on wharf piles 0-5 feet, R. W. Miner and R. C. Osburn colls., 1 male, 1 female. These specimens vary in extent from 3+ cm. (Bermuda) to less than 8 mm. (Chesapeake Bay), but none of them are as large as E. charybdaea. The ovigerous male taken from floating sargassum at Tortugas is about 2.5 cm. in extent. According to Timmermann and Giltay, the specimens taken from sargassum in midocean are of the smaller variety, and the relatively large size of these pelagic specimens is of interest, suggesting that we are not dealing with physiological races or similar specific subdivisions, or at least that the differences are not correlated with habitat. Distribution.—Sparingly along the European coast from Norway (about lat. 62°30’ N.) to France; in the Mediterranean and Black 240 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Ficure 37.—Endets spinosa (Montagu). Seas (Crimea) and the Azores; Santos Bay and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On the North American coast it is apparently common in the Tortugas region. Its occurrence at Woods Hole is sporadic (Cole). The mid-Atlantic records are charted on figures 6 and 7 and will be found in Appendix Table 3. There is one doubtful record from Arctic waters (Schimkewitsch, 1891, p. 514). It is represented in the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution fouling collections from Panama to Block Island, including the Bahamas, but it is not yet reported from Texas or Louisiana. Family AMMOTHEIDAE Dohrn, 1881 A family of heterogeneous appearing forms, from the small com- pact species of Achelia to the large spectacular Ascorhynchus armatus. Ovigers are present in both sexes, 9- to 10-jointed. Chelifores and palpi present, chelae usually subchelate; palpi 6- to 10-jointed, usually 8- or 9-jointed. At least eight genera are represented in American waters, and the mysterious Calypsopycnon is also included in the key. 1. Palpi usually more than 7-jointed; chelifores shorter than proboscis, with sminilor rudimentary chelaeio oso ye) Set ec ae Ue ee 2 Palpi 7-jointed; chelifores longer than proboscis, with large chelae opposed PNSPOUGsOlgmM OUP Nay tac: 2 le ate ee ee ae Paranymphon (p. 253) 2. Propodus intermediate, i. e., without heel and large basal spines and auxiliary claws; proboscis conspicuously large, usually carried ventrally_______---- 3 Propodus with basal spines and usually with auxiliary claws (except Ephyro- gymna); proboscis not conspicuously large_____------------------------ 6 3. Proboscis pyriform or cylindrical but not on a jointed petiole; without large spines on eye tubercle or abdomen. -_-._-___=--2225----2-224-2 242-2 2L- 4 Proboscis pyriform, on a jointed petiole; prominent spines on eye tubercle DFO Wak] So (6 eS) 0 ig MeN AE ND RY SE ENS SER aT eS Eurycyde (p. 260) 4. Proboscis straight, cylindrical; chelae well developed______--_------------- 5 Proboscis pyriform, carried ventrally, chelae small or rudimentary. Ascorhynchus (p. 253) 5. Scape 1-jointed, trumpet-shaped; terminal claws very long. Calypsopycnon (p. 263) Scape 2-jointed, chelae large, fingers bowed; terminal claws short. Heterofragilia (p. 262) 6. Tibiae without spiny tubercles; scape of chelifores not trumpet-shaped_-- ---- if Tibiae with two rows of tall spinous tubercles; scape trumpet-shaped. Nymphopsis (p. 249) ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 24] 7. Chelifores 3-jointed; trunk segmentation distinct_.__.___..._._._--__---_------ 8 Chelifores 2-jointed; trunk segmentation usually suppressed_Achelia (p. 241) 8. Propodus intermediate; proboscis short, cylindrical____Ephyrogymna (p. 261) Propodus well developed; proboscis large, elliptical or pyriform, Ammothella (p. 246) Genus ACHELIA Hodge, 1864 Chelifores 2-jointed, usually subchelate in the adult. Palpi 7- to 9-jointed, usually 8. Oviger 10-jointed, with leaflike denticu- late spines but without a large terminal claw. Propodus well de- veloped, with prominent auxiliary claws, but heel and basal spines lacking in some species. The trunk is usually compact and circular, but there are at least two species from deep water with elongate, segmented trunks. In this genus are included the small forms without a completely segmented trunk which have been referred to Ammothea Leach, 1814 (=Leionymphon Mobius, 1902) by many authors, or to the subgenus Achelia of Ammothea by others (Giltay, 1934b). The principal distinction of Ammothea, aside from its larger size, is the presence of prominent annular swellings or ridges between the trunk segments. One reason for this confusion has been the apparent mistake in the type locality of Ammothea carolinensis Leach (1814, pp. 33-34). Leach believed that the specimens came from South Carolina and named them accordingly. Calman (1915b), in redescribing the holo- type, suggested that this may have been an error for South Georgia. Except for dubious records, the genus Ammothea s. str. is known only from the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions.” The only species of pycnogonids so far known from the coast of South Carolina are Anoplodactylus lentus, Endeis spinosa, Nymphopsis duodorsospinosa, and Tanystylum orbiculare. Ammothea carolinensis has been frequently collected from South Georgia, and there is little doubt that Calman’s suggestion is correct. Helfer, in the Bronn’s Tierreich Monograph (Helfer and Schlottke, 1935, p. 284) has confused the matter by first reducing Achelia to synonymy under Ammothea, then including the genotype of Ammothea under the name Leionymphon while at the same time recognizing Ammothea Leach. As Marcus (1940b, p. 69) has rather pointedly remarked, ‘Helfer did not comprehend the nomenclature of the Ammotheidae.” There are a number of dubious names, viz, Alcinous Costa, 1861,_ Phanodemus Costa, 1836, Platychelus Costa, 1861, Oiceobathys Hesse, 1867, and Oomerus Hesse, 1874, which may be congeneric with Achelia, but it seems wisest to forget them. The punctilious taxonomist who endeavors to resurrect such names will not be thanked for his pains. 23 Loman (1929, p. 71) reports an immature Ammothea (Leionymphon) from the Atlantic coast of Morocco and Hilton (1948a, pp. 97-98) proposes a new species, Leionymphon dorsiplicatum, from the North Pacifie. 242 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Achelia is represented in the collections by five species, one of them (A. brevichelifera), diverging from the usual form in that the trunk is slender and the lateral processes are widely separated. 1. Lateral processes touching or narrowly separated, body circular__.________- 2 Lateral processes separted by about their own width, body oval in out- USE Sr Ae a ey Se eee ere brevichelifera, new species (p. 245) 2. Heel of propodus with large basal spines; abdomen conspicuously longer than Tesuex Or ADULUN leg os ee . e e e 3 Heel of propodus without large basal spines; abdomen not longer than first 3. Auxiliary claws at least half as long as terminal claw; lateral processes narrowly Se TRL te) nO EO a Dh ROE RRS eer Da Wee RS, ea OE, Uae SPC a oR spinosa (p. 242) Auxiliary claws less than one third as long as terminal claw; lateral processes (50) ULES TOY dake ap eae ee ee ee GPO TT scabra (p. 244) 4. Palpus 7-jointed (penultimate twice as long as terminal joint. gracilis (p. 244) Palpus 8-jointed (four terminal joints small)__..._.._____- sawayai (p. 244) ACHELIA SPINOSA (Stimpson) Wilson FIGURE 38, a, b Zetes spinosa STIMPSON, 1853, p. 37. Achelia spinosa Wiuson, 1878b, pp. 7-8, pl. 2, fig. 1, a—h. Ammothea achelioides W1Lson, 1878b, pp. 16-17, pl. 5, fig. 1, a—e. Achelia spinosa Wiuson, 1880, pp. 478-476, pl. 1, fig. 1; pl. 2, fig. 8. Ammothea achelioides W1Lson, 1880, pp. 484—485, pl. 4, figs. 19, 20. Achelia spinosa WHITEAVES, 1901, p. 262. Ammothea achelioides WHITEAVES, 1901, p. 203. Ammothea echinata NoRMAN, 1908, p. 224 (part). Ammothea (Achelia) echinata? var. spinosa SCHIMKEWITSCH, 1930, pp. 133-136. Ammothea spinosa NEEDLER, 1948, p. 16, fig. 20, a-d. Record of collection St. Croix River between station toward Joes Point, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, August 1913 (dredging), R. W. Miner coll., 1 male (AMNB). This species is not often collected; there is no material in the col- lections of the National Museum and the Peabody Museum collected since Wilson’s day. Hence there is little to add to the range estab- lished by Wilson (1880), namely, from Long Island Sound (Block Island) to Eastport, Maine, and Grand Manan, except this New Brunswick record. The spiny processes of the first coxal joints which are characteristic of this species vary somewhat in size and number. This variation is not correlated with sex. Dorsal tubercles on the lateral processes are developed in a few of the specimens, similar to those found in A. scabra, but they are shorter. The auxiliary claws are always long. Norman and several later writers have suggested that A. spinosa is the same as A. echinata Hodge, 1864. If so, the name spinosa has priority over echinata. Wilson (1880) examined some specimens of A. echinata and summarized their differences from spinosa as follows: ‘“{A. echinata] has a slender, tapering rostrum (proboscis) of a very different shape; the peculiar conical spinous tubercles ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 243 upon the legs are much more numerous, large and more slender; the abdomen is much shorter and stouter. Moreover, in A. echinata the second joint, in at least the two posterior pairs of legs, has a very prominent, rounded, hair tubercle, projecting from the lower and posterior side, which is wanting in our species.’”’- Reexamination of some of Wilson’s material has revealed the presence of very low genital protuberances on the last two pairs of second coxae in the males of spinosa, but they are far from prominent. Until the larval development of the two species can be compared, this difference alone is enough to entitle them to separate names. Hilton (1948a, pp. 94-95) lists Ammothea echinata from San Francisco Bay and Alaskan waters. This cannot be Achelia spinosa, since ‘‘two well developed suture lines” are mentioned; A. spinosa has Ficure 38.—a, b, Achelia spinosa (Stimpson) Wilson; c, d, 4. scabra Wilson; ¢, A. sawayat Marcus; f, g, A. gracilis Verrill; h-l, A. brevichelifera, new species: h, Dorsal view of holotype; 7, palpus; j, leg; &, tarsus and propodus; /, terminal joints of oviger. 244 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Ammothea achelioides is an immature form of A. spinosa in which the chelifores are still chelate. ACHELIA SCABRA Wilson FicureE 38, c, d Achelia scabra Witson, 1880, pp. 475-476.—Gitray, 1942, p. 460. Ammothea scabra NEEDLER, 1943, p. 16, fig. 21, a-c. RECORDS OF COLLECTIONS South of Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, Oct. 7, 1908, 45 fathoms, Owen Bryant coll., 2 females. Off Grand Harbor, Grand Manan, August 1910, H. L. Clark and H. B. Bigelow colls., 1 male (M.C.Z.). Wilson’s description of this species is based on two specimens which he had previously mistaken for A. spinosa, a male from off Cape Ann and a female from St. Georges Bank. Two more females were found, in reexamining the material, in a vial identified as A. spinosa, from Casco Bay, 1873. Giltay’s record (Prince station 43) extends the range of this species to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Achelia scabra differs from | wad wag ct aL ar -—s ‘2572-73 # ©2725,27 b> N2115-16 210-1! 269.80 2682-84 USFC Saeemer ABetress PBERMUDA DREDGING STATIONS of the STEAMER, ALBATROSS : At which pycnogonids were collected, 1883 ~1887 * LESSER 9 anTiies © After Townsend, Plate V; Peay US Fish. Comm. lor 1900 IW Hedy Cant 1.—Dredging stations of the steamer Mibetrer: at which pyrenogonide were collected, 1883-1887 a tb -t0wt Azores | (Cuant 2.—Stations for pycnogonids in the North Auaatic since 1869. TS—47 (Pace p. 2a) Noe | AP Po NDT xX The station records cataloged in the following tables have been assembled from a number of sources, but particularly Sanderson Smith’s station lists for the North Atlantic (1889) and Townsend’s dredging records for the Albatross (1901). While it is realized that these lists are incomplete, all the published records from major reports on North Atlantic pycnogonids have been included, together with a few individual records of particular interest. Because of the predominantly Arctic character of the records, the inaccessibility of many of the papers, and the taxonomic vagaries indulged in by the Russians (Schimkewitsch, 1930, lumps Nymphon spinosissimum and hirtipes as N. spinosum, and more recent workers are suggesting such species as N. brevitarse and rubrum as varieties of grossipes), their reports have been omitted from this compilation. Records of the dredging work of the United States Fish Commission in New England waters before 1877 have not been included inasmuch as few of the collections were referred to station numbers on the original labels. The Speedwell records have been compiled from a reexamination of the original material, now in the Peabody Museum. Most of this material has previously been reported by Wilson (1880) but without reference to station numbers. It is not practical to indicate these stations on a small-scale chart; all the dredging stations of the Fish Commission up to 1886 will be found in the charts accompanying Sanderson Smith’s lists and should be readily accessible to American students. Hrrors are inevitable in a compilation of this type, and I can only hope that they are neither numerous nor serious. Several obvious errors in Norman’s review (1908) have been corrected to agree with the positions given by Sanderson Smith. Unfortunately, salinity data are unavailable for most of these stations, and so they have been omitted from the remainder. Reference to further information con- cerning temperature and salinity data of many expeditions in the North Atlantic is published in ‘International Aspects of Oceanog- raphy”? (National Academy of Sciences, 1937, pp. 7-19). Inasmuch as charts of station positions are included in the Nor- wegian North Atlantic, Ingolf, and Godthaab reports, and the distri- bution of the Arctic species seems to be well established, charts of the occurrence of pycnogonids in northern waters have not been pre- pared. The distribution of many of the Arctic species has been charted in Stephenson’s various papers. From Chart 2 of stations in the North Atlantic, it will be seen that there are vast areas from which we have no records of pyenogonids. There are no collections reported for the area between latitudes 10° to 40° N. and longitudes 30° to 60° W., except the Challenger station 70, and the paucity of 291 292 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 records in midocean between latitudes 50° and 60° N. is curious in view of the abundant records immediately north of 60°. It is un- fortunate that any material which may have been collected by the Dana in 1920-22 has not been published, since that vessel ran several series of stations across the middle of the Atlantic and into the Caribbean, and its collections might be expected to fill out some of the blank spaces on the chart. The intensity of dredging operations in the vicinity of the British Isles is not indicated on the chart, in- asmuch as much of the work was published in obscure journals of provincial natural-history societies inaccessible to the author. Much of this work has been summarized by Norman (1908). It should be noted that several stations of the Michael Sars expedition of 1910 were made off the coast of Africa, a fact evidently overlooked by Giltay (1937) in drawing up his key to West African Nymphons. As Stephensen (1933) has shown in his reexamination of the material collected by the Ingolf, some of the older identifications of critical species are erroneous. On the whole, however, the distribution of these species is probably well established, and reexamination of all the existing collections would not materially alter the picture. CONTENTS OF THE APPENDIX TABLES I. Dredging stations of the Albatross at which pycnogonids were collected, PRGs sors he oe Os Pe ee ee oe eee ee 295 II. Catalog of stations at which pyecnogonids have been collected by various North Atlantic and Arctic expeditions since 1869. [*Sta- tions west of Greenwich and south of lat. 60° N. entered on Chart 2. # Stations on Chart 3. * Material personally examined or reported for the first time. Station numbers in parentheses Page have been assigned for convenience in charting.J__------------- 300 -Porcusme; teoor Ui 2. Joes Sues Se ee eee 300 Wihitenvess 1800 bj 20 wie) a oe RL etn ek ee ee eee 300 ieee Pee Oo. goo i ew 8 Ee eee 301 SC TLLENGOT hay aoe se ed Pe pe age im alm a ne 301 WRIOSGHS TONG es = ee ae Oe oe eo a ee eee ree 301 Norwegian North Atlantic, 1876-78 (Véringen) --.----------------- 301 Specdmele t6v7A719 ° 532 pein eas (eo ee eee eee 303 Walliam: Barént$; 1878=19 220-265 2- 26 ee So be ee eee 306 eT ee a! Le cee . A nEne oe Meer ces aye Sei eae retin 2 ol 307 ic SU: Re S| | GRR ea ae ar i ie Se Wael a ee Sie EES 307 MMI ge Piru, 1So0c 22 3 ae en ee ne ee eee eee 308 *Pravaileur, VUSsi. S222 Vo _ OD ft SA Oe. sD Tease 308 © Tpiorab esas. Hsu. aiid 3s, veneeih. Fa titi ates ee se 308 WPaleeman sSSe0) e224. en cear aeons ee hee ee a 309 Fash “Hawk. T880-1890 62 oe. 8 te ee ee 309 *Rodger (ou whaler Mequimaus), 1892... 2. -- -=-2 22 Hae 311 *State University of lowa Bahamas Expedition, 1893 ¢____--------- 311 *Cantan0s9s) Ve Oe et. TOU SO eee GES Ok eee 312 © Batelf (UBO 5 - OGY 28 ie sales! lo hk te ie Ne Ned bt hee te AEE 312 PEM EOTGEILE. TES OOO ss nk a et ee ee 314 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH II. Catalog of stations, ete-—Continued Page MPIC CSCO CALICO, TOOL EO VOL ue Se ee es he a ee ee 314 STV /ELLCL LO Chad Ooo) cee ea eset ete a ee esr ee aN AE aL ee 316 Briceq(GOnyslencathra) wis OSes ies hee ee RS es ee ye 317 Princeton Arctic Expedition, 1899 (whaler Diana) -----_--------- Baer 3 4 Swedish Zoological Expedition, 1899-1900___-__--_---.-----_----- 317 * Michael Sars, 1900-14 (Norwegian Fisheries)-..___-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- 319 Hirerandshisheries .LOOl—OS sake ce ej Se ee oS Be a ee 322 SELGUCO LOO OE e 2 a ae ere Se enti seh 2 Se i Ae ee 322 Tjalfe, 1908-09_..._____--- & tote ee Ue a SCR i ee a eek a ga 323 * Michael Sars, 1910 (Murray and Hjort)_._.........-.-.--------- 323 CET ES WSs VON DS =A! A ea cen. 323 TL OEYER:. ol OSE Se ce ies et AR Th ph YN SS he i age 324 Pardo FT Ger, Ilo se =. Soke Sk oe eS oe ee 324 Pernice LOUIS Lek 2 Bens os oh BA tO Se 324 Sesh idaho OON—2O OL a shee es Be Lae oe 2 Beery ee ee 325 Vaneau, 1O23—2O0. ee et ee Pe te ee a Se es ae 326 DANG O20 Nee wee Be ee ee BE oe ae ees 327 ROTOR TAG OTE pCa ferric ore ener reas Sk ee ee oe 327 8 GEE OTL Gt Sa EI 2 SA pp em a AP Wie ea en See = a AE. 9 327 Capt. R. A. Bartlett, 1926—41° (Effie M. Morrissey) -.-------------- 328 New York Zoological Society, 1929 (tug Gladisfen)______---------- 331 EDL ILe®) LOO eee Semi, 0 Oe te ee oh ee ee. ee 331 BG bereronuaines (0a2% eu 8 28. ke et oe ee et 331 *Johnson-Smithsonian Expedition, 1933¢______.-__--------------- 332 eI EHCALOR ne LOS De Fe oe he See See Be 333 Allan Hancock Foundation, Velero IIT, 1939 ¢_._.---------------- 333 TE A EO ee ee iv St hea ene ee Sains Eanes 334 Wasoar F036 19386. 2:2. 0. 2 Ae os Sn ee eae 334 III. Pelagic records of pycnogonids from Sargassum in mid-Atlantic... 335 Index to speeies:includedjin the tables_.£.\.......29=--.2---=2-2s--0.. 336 CHARTS 1. Dredging stationstof the: Albatross2.+_L 22 2228. Ze ee ss es SE 290 2. Stations for pyenogonids in the North Atlantic. _.__._.._.--.--------- 291 3. Stations for pycnogonids in the Caribbean and Florida keys-_--_------- 294 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE TABLES bil. biloculina g. gravel rd. red bk. black glob. globigerina rky. rocky br. brown gn. green s. sand brk. broken gy. gray sa. sabulous (sandy) bu. blue hd. hard sft. soft c. clay lt. light: sh. shells co. coral m. mud sp. specks crs. ‘coarse nod. nodules st. stones dd. dead null. nullipores stf. stiff dk. dark 0Z. ooze vol. volcanic fn. fine p. pebbles wh. white for. Foraminifera r rock yl. yellow PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 294 *sAoy vploly 94} pue uvoqgqiies oy} ul spruogous 4d OF SuOT}eIS—'¢ Luv) a” (902 ZG IN ZAN) 9]9419 A21909 qooibojoo7 SEN MON SEb1 AKT uDlUOsyIUS-UOSUYOL - SL bSbLAXT YIOIUDHY UD] IY - OY YMOH USA -H/ Sb8/ KiISAANIU/) 340] > -vMOT Syud IY -"TAV ys “ bL-LY MY 18 Zbl ‘uoWoT): ay ° 422 Pose ayvig 2 Genoa eYO1G cee aid oe YOr eoIg ane 291 401 Lo psofprany-yjucre 82 og G82L HI* “99 vmoY LBCL HS eh odd = key pug oy Uap4Di sebnc Co a sero Sa : ‘posysabbor® sb6nquo 1s ae “ & SAgY varwon4 ms. Yeclees iol Seon os oS |8 09 = 4 428CUVe 4 J aN eats Gine ti * B94 000E LY . Wm Ay 149" = fa aor ayag ° at MPG asbet we % GLSL-OLE7 [bST* B9L9'999E to b99C° ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 295 9830709 ‘Djsnbup stapuassojog |\~~~-~-~~-~~-- ~~ ZO “QO[3 | 0°6E T60 ‘T 00 28 22 OSS gLESSELs Peon =e a ea ODsare7 £012 ppsnbun stapuassojog |-~~~~---~---~ ~~ ZO “qO[3 | 0°6E 602 ‘T 00 8& ZL OOF Fi eSEls|\e as 1s epee ce g “AON | ZOIZ Dassoj09 syapuassojog |-~~------= ~~~ UH “Ss “OJ | ¢'8e 220 ‘T (ltteer les] eel et Geen oe eel ene eee op--7-- #602 DULILIIIDU ‘DINUIUM ‘DISNbUuD stapuassojog |~-~~~~~----~- ur “*s ““10J | 0°68 000 ‘T 02 TO TL OS CEG eee ag a a 906 0g 00 99 OOM ET TPG |\re c: 5 sae arena p3dag | 9202 D7DADII S1apUaSsOJ0Q |~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~~ >= 20 “qo[3 | 0°68 ggg 00 ¢e g9 08 OP ale lcs ac 3, ee ORsr se, 9106 DISNHUD SiapuassojoD ‘snjoULsD SnYyIUAYysOISp }~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ =~ ~~ = qs “Ul | 0 ‘OF 608 ‘T 0g 12 g9 OO. JER. TP eee age ee ay eam ig £4deg | £402 1supsjavyorw ‘D7DAD79 ‘pusiaovU ‘nassojod siapuassojopQ ‘wnyjaua, woydwhpyy \--~--~~---------- tr ‘AS | 0°68 ggg 00 ge ¢9 010) tS fib) 5 a] aera anmee = Ss &“ydeg | 2202 wmnisvU WoYdUhry \~~~~~-~ 7777-7777 DPE TRS tl (iii oe een SIT OF 8F G9 OG eOIedlht. | tae ope aa ee op 1202 wniovu woyduhiny |--~----- oy'd“34s"s | 0G TOT cg Sr So (OSH a Weta rane ber me (0) One ae 6902 union woyduUfiny |----~~-- 777777 3°s | 0°OF aq OF 8b 9 erat he all doe ac a T “3dag | 2902 119.448 WoYdULiyy |~~~~~~-- ~~~ ~~ B78 S800 |\atse oar GOI ce 380 99 0) Py et 2 eer a Ope) #906 97010731) WNUObOWN |~~~~-~-~ 7-77 >> 3 ‘slo “Ss | 0'9F gas 00 §% 99 OONMCCIE Zr? G15 5 morris ODa5 = £902 9701074) WnNUoboUdINT /u19498 ‘sadisso16 woydwAyT |~--~~-----~---- ~~~ 3S | 0-3 OST St LE 99 DORE iy i (a Sa eee cee Ig “2nV | 2902 DIsnbup siapwassojog | ys “yiq ‘ds "Yq ‘S "Sid |~~~~ >>> >>> 98 0g 00 89 OO ORGS wi markets > Z0°A3 19880109 Stapuassojog |~-~~~7~-- >>> ur ‘As D9880}09 ‘DISNHUD s1apuassoj0g |~----------~----- ui ‘Ad wnsourds uoyduhupspg |\~-~~~~~- >> ~ >>> w “us *psaftjayouaasg DYAYIY ‘a81DjtbUo7 Uoyduhyy |~~------~--~---~- uw ‘ug DISNHUD stapwassojog |~~~~~~~~--~-~- ~~~ 70 °A3 Dy0AaD{9 *Dass0709 ‘nysnbuD stapuassojog |-~----~--------~ z0 “qod D7DAD19 ‘Dassojoo ‘nDIsNbUD ssapuassoj0D |-~-~~-~~----- ~~ § “Ur ‘Ud DIDAvII sapuassojog |~~~~-~~ ~~~ ==> ~ >> mw ‘us DYNAN) ‘DUWAL49ODUL ‘pjsnbun ‘bassojod stapuassojop = “snzowspn snyouhysoosp |~-~--------~~-~-- z0 “£3 wmnsouds uoydwhuping |--~~----~-7-7---- um ‘us p7DaD19 ‘Dassojoo ‘DIsNbuD sjapuassojog |\--~~--~-~--~----- mw ‘ud 19880109 ‘DISNHUD Stapwassojog |~~~~~-~-~--~-77 77 Ul ‘us 02880100 ‘njsnbwD slapuassojog }~~~-~~~-~~~-7-7 ~~ mm ‘ug Dassojoo sapuassojz0g |-~~--~ par ea ae 20 °£3 ALJ8OLISSDLI WNUOHOUIN \~~~-~- ~~~ >>> > s “Ul ‘U3 ALJ8OLI8SDL9 *97D10999 WNUOHOWN |~-----~-~-- ~~~ s “ul ‘Ug DISNHUD $1apUassoj0Q |------~~~-- 77> ~ ZO “qo[3 1ULYS sisdowar{Vq |~~~---~---- 77> >> ul ‘us ‘muLyos sisdowayjpgd |~----------- qs 'y1q ‘00 wnionu woydwufiny }-----~---~ 8 ‘Uy “Ur ‘ng DUAL -Jaonu, ‘nassojoa ‘nysnbun siapuassojog ‘wnsovm woyduhryy |--~--~------~-- 8 ‘uy “Ur 09880709 ‘nIsnbuD stapuassojoD “wnjjaua, woydwAry |---~---~-~---~--~ mw ‘us 92880]09 Stapuassojog |~-~~--~---~--~--- tm “nq DIsnbuy stapuassojog |~~~~~--~----- ~~ ZO *qo[s ppsnbup stapuassojog \-~~-~-~-----7 >> Z0 “qo[s SpluosoudAd Jo soroodg m10330q Jo odA J, ‘dT . dmoy 29 ‘I Sh 0S OL Oh)= 80-08 <2 22 "4a ees Opsses= BCS 92g ‘T 0& FF OL OB90) 6gind Pass senses Sa°2 9 4dog | 1222 $90 ‘T 00 &% 69 OR EP MOS: Witter sea = aoe ae ODiacas 022% $26 SI #8 69 06: LF 6G | Seaaceasaett aes €@ ‘3nVy | LIZZ oLP 00 28 OL (00) Zo. (9eitlie a7 Sie oa ODanece FIGS 83P ch 08 OL OS) (69) 168s. sticte eer aes Go SnV | 212 £09 ‘T 00 8T IZ OO ORY GR eters ee een Opsias5 112% 166 Sh 81 IL CPI REIOR.. |po > Sa aeeae ae ag ODiaaes 012% 080 ‘T og Ig TL Gh CPS OG lina a2 a aaae eee 1% “sny | 6022 190 ‘T ch Te IL €9 “COMO Rs Ula es se ee ODsit 1022 £20 ‘T oF 81 TL OO; 498 6B esas 952 sca 02 “SNV | 902% GOL cl Ib IL Ch. FS ACRN lee ass a 61 “Sny | 0% 082 ‘T 00 FP 69 00-298" (68s o* rae re 9 ‘3ny | 9612 890 ‘T 00 £0 OL OOP EE S68 asses as ae OBs-> 20 °A3 | $°LE CCP ‘T 0g 6% TL OG: Si “68 =" a -senecaet sapere ODinaee £996 pjsnbup stapuassojog |-~--~~-~~~~ 777-7 20 ‘AZ | §°LE Per ‘T 00 9% TL OREO GON | asian ans oe p tee It “dny | 2992 §11980116W07 sisdowayjpgd |\~~~~~~~ 7-7 um ‘us | 9°6E Chr 0g OF OL OG) SF SOGi- oes sleep eee ODT Te PSSS 99880700 ‘njsnbup siapwassojog |~~~~~~~~- ~~~ 7-7 mw ‘iq | 9‘8E 180 ‘T cp 08 OL OG te 6S) hari ios cee 6 ‘any | 0992 wnsourds uoydwhunswg \~~~~~~~~- >> um ‘us | 9°68 068 00 02 OL CU tas 2 ia 3} 7a Saas Sees De gsny | Lh9z DIsnbup stapuassojog \~-~~-~-~------->~ 20 °h3 | SLE 6FI ‘T ST 2@ 19 OF CO 08" hada esGuneenene rey op--~~"| g89z DIsnbup srapwassojog |~~~~ ~~ ~~~ 77 20 °£S | 8°LE $82 ‘T ST 62 29 00) SLO OV? (sea aban ace Opie: FESS DULNLIIIDUL ‘DA880J0I S1apUassojog |~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ ~~ z0*1q | 188 828 St 9% 29 OS) OF Of. |= tese-sei sek acne e gt Arne | gesz 99880109 Siapuassojog |~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ >>> wm °AS | 1°88 COL 00 8b 99 OOM PE= OF alae ae ae OD aa CESS DULLLLIIDUL ‘DA880109 Stapwassojog |~~~~-~~-~~~~~ ~~~" 20 ‘£3 | $°88 966 00 #% 99 OSS (88 NOPit See Sere ee aia a ce pI Ayn | 0892 Djvj091)DW azayoopipsog Swnpyaua, woydUmAry \~~~~-~~~~~~ ~~ 7 ~~~ 8 ‘iq | 2°88 LL9 og 248 99 OO Lic baeloa ek sae oa OD ries 8293 910107}1) WNUWObOUNN |~~~~~~ ~~ aoa! ° Oy | asian eter roars [al 00 9b 39 Sh OF IF gad1sso1b woydwminy \--------~~ ys "yiq “3 “Ss | 9'Sh cL 08 6h 39 00 6F TP 9jD10911) wnuobourhg fmoss woydwhry \-~~~~-~-~ ~~~ ~~ qs “2S | 9'IP Ill 08 tr 39 0g 8b IF SULOYIOT “a / ° “l / ° 9881 spluo0goud4d Jo soyoodg 1110}}0q Jo odA J, "A. ‘dwar, qidoq *M ‘3U0'T ‘N98 078 Ouee penuljuoO—T ATaVL XIQGNAddv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 299 DIsNbUD siapuassojog |~~~~~~~~-- ~~ Joj “ur "AB | 8°lE 89 ‘T 9880109 stapuassojog |~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ > um °AS | Z'88 118 DINUIUL Stapuassojog |-~--~--------- Weil LN Cl Fe See emesis ae 18 DINuUIUL ‘DUILIIDUL ‘D9880]0I stapuassoj0D ‘814780116u0] sisdouayng |------~------~ UO 08s |e gon ae aa 18 Djsnbup stapuassojog |\------------- UIGUS ES Da poem tannin Zal ‘T 9880100 ‘DISNbuUD stapuassojoD ‘snyvULiD snyoUAYysosp \~-~-~~--~~~~-~--~- MOEA Nieto ae 18 DINUWIUL ‘Dass0]09 Stapuassoj0g |--------~--~--~-- ZOBAS aes Roast F535 698 9880}]09 siapuassojog |------~---~------ BOI Aa | es etka 683 ‘T DUALLI0DUL ‘passojoo ‘Dysnbun siapuassojon ‘snjnumsn snyoufysoosp |------------ TOPE SZO MAS pst a PLE ‘T pysnbup stapuassojog |--------------~ ZORGO A) |Paaee se PPS ‘T Dasso70o ‘nysnbun syapuassojog |--------~----- 27 gO sae dees: ag sy #86 DISNHUD stapuassojoD ‘snyousv snyouhysoosp |------------- NOP ZO WAG A Roe 2 caer SI ‘T 119.498 WOYdWANT |---------- GSEHO tsa SAS! emcee me aeake art OFT 814780116U0) sisdouanvg ‘sadisso1b woydwufay |\~~~-~~ ~~~ ~~~ => OO a ae any oh 10.478 WOYdULAAT \-----~~- ~~ CECHIQM SPASM Serr Seer y 06 asuvpibuo) ‘sadissos6 woydwmfhay |---------- ASA Qi B hsk le sasse rots ror Ss 86 sadisso16 woydufiny |----~----- (ol: kS> (0 Ld Jv ws (| aaa ea oes mera 98 1ULQ478 WOYdwWANT \~~~~-~- ~~~ 7-7 SOUS h ere ee eae 928 passoj00 ‘nysnbun srapwassojog |\----~----~~ LO USIRSS: (2 ako Mer (0 Tel | abies 90T ‘T 19880109 siapwassojog |~~~~-~~~~-~~-- >>> ZO ICU ie oie eee ar 188 Djsnbuv stapuassojog |-~--~---------- CRUUUS A Coser ncaa 400 ‘T 19880100 stapwassojog |-~~~~-~~-~-----~--- NO Ug eee are a 066 wnsourds uoyduiunswg \~~-~--- 777mm po | alpen te saat ecgie ggg 08 00 00 las 89 TZ &L 00 08 SSSSSSRRSESSERSSS Tg FE 68 Le Le LE LE 9€ 98 9€ 98 8& OF a7 bP SP oP oF 9F 68 6E 68 68 68 6& 61° 9deg | BF2z LI “‘4dog | 6822 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 300 LO SISVUOUCALNT teeters ere a eR eee eh te ea (816) Aa | [decrease a ig SOOT CUO NOs | tos aa, GPDLO LD CLO LOeeIA|i-o ay Same aR cae es aaa eee Cle | or Bee oe PUGS OMDUOM On| era eaten ae a qsn3ny [ANVIS] ILSOOILNY] TL8T (6h8 ‘Lve “dd ‘ZzgT ‘SoavozIyM) TL8T ‘Soavoqy A ULNUSSISOUMAS ESOC LOUGIWAN, Wl.) 01a. ee week(s GOL €% 8 OG! (G0) Blase te es g Joquieydeg | gg ULNULIESISOUITS “8901741) WOYMULAAT | ~ 9 nnn nn 062 0g F ret Yor | nna a aaa ss Opes SL DIOIOIPDU a AUD LOD wna aa Sr og £02 60 €£ CS) 001s Fran ss =n I Joquiejdeg | FL RULOURROUCULENR| fone i eck a ees ean ng 19% by I Ol gor hist rere ae ODiirns 99 sadiziry woydwhry ‘wunjsngos woyduihuoasog |~~ ~~~ >>> nnn nnn ChE TZ. 12 OL BIO hlieweese se eee 9z ysn3ny | ¢9 71097) ajayoopips09p fuayoouajs ‘sadyuiy wuoyduiny Sungsngos woydwhwoasog |~~ ~~~ ~~ 777 nnn OF9 tH & TZ: S10) 8 ao55 eee oz ysn3ny | #9 AILTISTEQ OL ALOYORILIALD BLOT WP oo oe ee gS PIL 61 ¢ TO: 40) 4 Peaee ate oe #o ysnsny | 19 WAENOOL MOUCMINUOGIOW Wie. ta ae sean diel mena ons Oss Ir @ 1 Ogham | baci ace a 0@ ysnsny | 6¢ supbaja woydwAn “wnjgsngos woyduLhiuoalog |~ ~~~ ~~~ nnn ¢09 6I 9 FO) YOO es oso oR Sasa (0) isle) i EN DEETATOY OLOMPORU NS || TR FRE OL 8 OG OOF FIR S53" 3s 3a ac kee ODisoan 2g UN OWITUOULULEN alien the. tas aan aaah | (ease sen mag OFF tI 8 90. (00. > ie eee (Wyo oS 1g S210U 9070 a7 MOURA NT Reno =o Oo sae ae cline oPS SI 2 £5469) - Bite ee qsngny | LP BIDU0I UL LOLOUDN ET oo ake cee eet ee 8oF 1% IT EO: QS, Sipe ae ae ge og A[ng | SF WUNSOUMTR UOUCALNUDAD CP AES Core, cans et cael ame oe 0&2 ‘T tr IT BS io EG. Bee hee ee on ees LI “Mm 698T ‘To SULOYIDT ad ‘ ° “us ‘i ° spjuoZouoAd Jo sopoadg 1103}0q Jo od4 J, AE Acib st yideq *3u0'T "NCIBT eyed Ethie (uoAI8 you sadissou6 UOYMUAiAy 1OJ SUOT}VIOT “QOGT ‘UBWION) E98T ‘auldnoi0g 6981 BONIS SNOILIGHdXA OLLQUV GNV OLLNVILV HLUON SNOIUVA AG GALOWTION NGA AAVH SGINODONOAd HOIHM LY SNOILVLS 4O DOTVLVO Il @IdVL XIQGNAddVv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 301 18eign enyouhysoosp | ~~ ~~ >= oq | ¢‘I- 689 ‘T ge 0 CTO les | ees aoe as OT ysnsny | ¢¢ acl un} -8ngol Uoyduhuossog ‘sadijiy ‘sdojobaw ‘sunbaja woydwfiay |~---~---~-~~-~ 0°A3 “HP | £'0— 662 «(OT LLL A! eee) |Vees gee pemme = a g4snsny | g8F assign snyouhysoospy |-~~~-~~--~~~--~~7-~ a‘1Iq | O'T- 180 ‘T LoeaL J) Kook 5 aM | ie ena ita eT ae Se g Aqne | ¢¢ “M pysnbun S1apwassoj09 ‘sdozvbaw ‘sunbaza ‘(wnjpxiw) sadisso16 woydwmfi~y |~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ oes | O'T— LIP 00 ¢ (1) ies Sa | Speareapaegen, coos 6z oun | Tg papiosoqgold stapwassoj0) ‘Thuosopu ‘sunbaja uoydwhiyy swnjsngos woydwufuoaiog |~~~~~~~-~~~--77- >>>" ost GIP 8F T AA RN | PTR ae ir Bee: 9¢ oUNL |} 8T Do “a 948T (deur yjIM ‘TEST ‘SIVS) SL-9L8T ‘ONULHY YON UBIZAMION (27010076) sadissos6 woydwfiyy |~~~--~- >>> - 7 Uo (Soe (0 |i | lad = acai i 02 1@ $9 Chet AV eeecammamis | wae ee QL8I | ¥ $14D)NI410 auanvdopnasg /unjpos1as ‘sadigsry WOYdWAAT |~~~~~~~ 7-7-7777 8 rg ver ee cL Tg #9 OF OLR ae GL8T | T (8061 ‘UBUIION) SL8T ‘sn0410704 (g824780116U07) Supjioso sisdouazjDg |~~~-~~-~-~ 7 ~~ OURO O05 eae toa ee oat G19 ‘T og ge (Goi Same Rapa ie 8 See of oun | OL pynutuL stapuassojog |----~~--------~-> um ‘nq | 0'8¢ 082 ‘T 68 €9 SOF :Ps hee maam aes eine 1 AeW | 09 wmnioput ‘sadisso16 woyduA~y \~~~~ ~~~ >> qs “3 | O'GE &8 68 €9 AO em |e ie er 0¢ AB | 6F “M SL8T (I88T ‘Y90H) E181 ‘4abuaz0YyD Do nopjaLiemapwesrojoop pep |P-s--sece-=ac2s= 727 ae ee POW 2 3 nee sts eee eer PND IE [OA S| pay OY | Paes es eI [dy }(s) dafporubpepsdouanny, \es2sssse=s2p5- sae ee | es ORs RSE SSS =e “Boe ODT aR Poa Ss oe ey eweesan A ¥IHdy |(Z) 49709 snyouny.oosy .JonUs0d snghjoppordoup. |-~-~-~- ~~~ ~~~ nnn no nnn nn cnn n nn nnn tocnnnonne Avy O1sIquIog BO |------ => Zwdy |(1) [Samay VaruoTy] 6L8T (Q8P6I ‘yIedspeyH) ZzgT ‘ayong 746333—48——10 VOL. 97 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM DIDI0aRINUL apayIopipsog ‘sadiiry ‘sunbaja 302 ‘(sadipon1b) 1m917s woydwhpr ‘wnzsngos woyduNuoaiog |~~-~~--~~-~---7>7 777 Oo tet OUGt eellin teas 3 Ba. SSrslire bre E0708: eee Grae aes aed ODES. £95 DyDJ0AIVU azaydozAplog /unjpsnqgos uoyduhuoasog ‘xhuosoum ‘(sad1y0040) 4u9478 woydwmApr |--~---~~~~~---~ 777777 0|01- COR we 2 ESSE SEs OP MO | Saree BG NGL, | >= Fee esesasy erase pI “ANY | ZOE 1sshqn snysuhysoospy |- ~~~ ~~ 77 o'TIq | FI- Cee t- . | leveeree (1) at (ee Od Lane moe an hee eee pS OI ‘sny | ecg rhuosnu ‘sdozobaw ‘sunbaja uoyduiAyy |~-~~--~-7 ~~~ > 77777 91Z1- a eg pt Bal sa = PSEAOL, [es e5 555 ake Son ae 2 °sny | tS sadqjiry ‘wungossas woyduhnyy |~-~~~~~--~7 777 eo OFiy = leszaee OMS Tn ae anee iC) a ate cae es 9 any | gee sadyjity ‘asivj16uo) uoyduAny \------------------ py ‘0 | 0 Ot shy leroy qe ule aare (SSI) il eater or sn g‘sny | 988 BOCA TITMLOUCAUANT Naetsc cs > 220s a eens oe 0|9'T Sole. 2 | |pencaas OMT ean e LRG gaat sca ganas €‘sny | 928 wnjo1ias ‘swobaja WoydUhny \~~~~~ ~~~ 777m $0 | 9% OS SS rer Cpt ol [i Sa aie ClPay lees a oe ee eee Opies STE DISNHUD Stapuassojog -suDbaja WOYdULAAT |~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ 777m 2) 21— SOOrs Atl ees ree (STS 2 Gel la ce PR races, cre Snel ez Ang | 21g issfiqn snyouhysoospy |---~~ ~~~ 7-7 a ‘Iq | 9I— OORT i ea Eeeaaas CO Sie cotenng oh AV 6r Arne | £08 DyDj0aRIDUL ajaydojhpLog ‘opidsry aphohang ‘sadiysy ‘uniovu ‘sajayoojdaz ‘tuajungs ‘(wnjr1u) sadisso16 woydwiny \~~-~~-~------~->7-- aes | o's 11 Gy nein | Pag a (Seal taal [aie HA Baal Cs | Rar eae ol L Arne | 062 SAUOIOUUNMOYOUNN, | sess ss sree ae ae 2/80 Lite. salpntenas (hast tel | DGiiGhollwaa sie so ee ae 9 Aine | 98% sadijity ‘swpbaja woyduhiay |--~-- ~~~ >>> 777 | F'0- 1], AOR Be, | ote a eth era SOIPLG | Rinne So eae 2 Arne | 922 sadipiry ‘(winjriw) sadtsso18 uoydwhyy \--------~--------->--- 013% LGitae. he kectaa OS ash | (aco OC GL ESto— seann. aimee T Aine | €2z Sadypity WOYdWANT |~ ~~ 7-7 2/00 CSTE Sea ORSOT Ss | eeaainn CAS | ee | og ouNL | 016 Sodipity woydwany \------------------ qs °O | bI— Stic, oileaaares LOseLOule wees GET dies raise cane camel 62 ouNnL | 192 Thuossowu ‘sadyiry ‘sunbaja woyduAay |\~~~-~ ~~ > 77777777 2] 6'T St iE ee COREE IO 2 oe OS B02) aaa ae a nae ZZ UNL | 296 8L8T sadqiry ‘(wnjriw) sadisso16 woydwfhry |--~-----~--~ aes ‘3 °HD | 9'0— 0L w 8 joke t) Aa | dilate ot Tysnany | € ssn snyounysoasp |---~~~--~-~7- 77-7 o'11q | 2'I- 182 ‘T £0 &I | COR) 7s | career p pe st Ane | 902 sdoppbaw woyduiny |-~--~~~>--~ 7-777 a] 01- 029 lv oT oa] Aaa ezig og sag acre a Lt Aqne | 002 wnjsngos UOYduUhuoalog ‘xhuossvur uoyduiiay |~-~~~-~~~~- ~~ 77-7 o"es | £°0— 679 SI 9T OPE G0 las otee Aras saat Ope zi 261 Thuosopu woydufigy |---------------- > a°es | ZI- 0L8 19 QT TP OO Wir ste anes tas 1 Aine | 061 supbaja woydwApy \~--~ ~~~ 77770 a's | 2°0- LSP OF OT NGSSS0! iets ete apo oar oe. Oop 5 Or DIsSnbun stapuassojog ‘rhuospu woydwhpy |\~-~-~- ~~ 77-7777 0} 0'I— ooh 89 8 POLO alee, oa, Yarn ae TZ ule | 2et Thuosrvu ‘sunbaja woydwfiny |-~~-- ~~~ ~~ >> 77> d ‘sd | 6'0— ose 6¢ 9 1 at) Ja | aaa eS a ae 6r oun | FT “OL 7) ny ae LA8T ‘Oo SULOy2OT i, £De 0 spyuogouoAd jo soyoodg m10}}0q jo odA\y, ae ywdoq “BUu0'T ‘N 98T ered. nenne penupyu0jg—gz-9281 ‘ONULY YON uvpsoMs0N ponuyu0g—I] FIAVL XIGNXddV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 303 asuppibuo) ‘sadisso10 woyduAa~y |~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ Of-84F (ye 9 PESO Reese cay Op-----|7-2 o-oo op----- SSID BGULOOUCALAN, nn <> tea SA | ee fis [Rese pesescseeceossocs Op-37--|---=-- == 2222-2 oo = op---- 98.10220U0) WOYMWANT |~~~~~~ 777777 Wi lcss oss et ae es Of 0 Wee Op--7- > [nao nnn op----- Bad 188010 UOYMCWAN, [aa o ae Gf-0 FE OCta wees eet ee er gre. Uber rarer 17a) 62 “SnY asinjbuo) ‘sadtsso1b woydwAny |-~~~~ ~~ ~~~ e[surys | 9 ‘8t- "Lb 0@. 0° Orrteeccceesessscceee- Op-----|----7- 2-2-2 op----- sadysso1b woydwhny |-~~~ ~~~ 3 | o'er a op--7--|------------ ==> 9g ‘Sny 19.478 uoydUMay |~~~~~ ~~~ Le eae [hay MR geese SS 2o a op--- <7 |---n- 2-2 op----- sad1sso1h woydwApy |-~~~~~~ ~~~ Ul | 0O'FE Game G WPrrAseoce SG CNT AXUINIM | ees cae aa ae ae og ‘any wmnposoULaf UNIpYLYTOYY |~~~~ ~~ py OF-G "18 99 11 99 yl (qa. |[eS eee SSeS op 9jp.10771) wnuobouhrg ‘asivybuo, woydwmfyy |~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~ frp, [ee ee 69 4b 99 IL gp |rorcrnn oon op----- 119.178 ‘asinzbuo) woydwArT \~~~~~~~~~-~-~ ~~~ Sap da |e ses sre se 69 BAZ 99 OL gp |rcrcttr ncn op----- ORIDDUOUUOUCNLENT Wann tg Pa en cate 06 z0 ¢9 SAGO cyl lisasaaas eace ae eee op 910107711 wnuobownig |~~~~~ ~~~ 77777 S “uy Th-9 “EE 88 3410 $9 SCO ap lise a See ee 12 ‘any ayo10771) wnuoboumg |~~~-~-~~~~~- =~ ~~ WB a" |seeeeesn ss ae 28 6I 99 6b ap [rrr op----- WNSIDUL WOYMUWANT |\~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ mmm See eS se ZIT 89 99 Cpe pelt asse eas oe eee Opass sadysso10 woydwuAyy |--~----~-~ ~~~ mo 3] 68-88 STI so 99 68 ap |t-tctncn oo 0g ‘any asinj1buoj woyduAny |~~~~~~>~ ~~~ ity, Sia aaa ea 09T 6& 69 J Oy SORES oor 61 ‘3ny sadisso1b ‘109.78 uoydwhpy |-~~~~~~~~--->--- === Ur: |Sssaces ==S=as5== 06 0% OL 08 ap |--nttctr nero op----- ayvsojy wnuobouohgs ‘asinjrbuol ‘yungsjs woydUAyy |~~~~~~~-~~~-~-~~= ~~~ uw | 68-988 06 0% OL 08 gp |-crcrctr tt pL ‘any asinjibuo) woydwihny |-~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ =~ [2 a ete ahaa (ayy Hees SeSeceseccs sae ry eatin is op---~- asippibuo) ‘1119198 ‘sadissos6 woydwmAyy |--~~---~~~-~- ~~ 7777 10 il (etait (0 fetes aese op-----|----- 2-22-2222 op----- 970109]1) WnuUobowmNg }~-~~~-~ ~~~ ~~~ REO RCGN (hol eae Cpe sleaee secre ala eat at eta op----- assnybuoy woyduiny |-~~~~~~-~ ~~~ WS Slpe sees capes Cre» Use seecs ABg Syjesnyoussepy |-5>------7-=---=- == Opsseaa asunjbu0y woyduiy |--~-~-~-- ~~~ ~~ um “938 | 9 6h ee 1 o2 | 0@ gp |--ntconoo no el ‘any asinp6uo) ‘10.198 ‘sadissos6 woyduiAyy |--~---------~ jeloias ) Can || Poaceae gp [earn eee-==-=5-==- Se ee ee op---- sadsso1b woyduinyy |--------------- ifs] ] al) | Rae ee S Rea 9¢ 00 Ptrrroeeeeseeescoeeee OS ee Gee op----- #110178 uoyduAyy |~-~------------ CTS 1G 0) 0 ji erie Ca Garam or oAlic go oe recta aite ear ae OPPs "aes rae tee OT “Sny asinpbuo) uoydUAny |~~~~~~ ~~~ >> >>> tii i Oe eerie ape see Op~-~~-|--- 2-22-2222 g ‘any $ad48s016 woydwApyy |--~~~~ >>> 3 | 909 ahd 2 Reese eee sa Soc Op---7-|--22 nen op----- sadjsso1b woydufigy |-~~---~~~- 77-7 3 | ¢'29 Gia = = | ReB sere cce so ssosesces Op-----|---- 2222 op----- aupjnaigso wnjhjshuny, ‘sadissos6 woyduifiyy |--~~~--~--~--~--~- >>> i oe OS... (Geis cee eee (0) eager oS g‘sny | 8 asinj1bu02 ‘sadisso1b woydwiay |~-~~----~---- ~~~ [it 99). | eee So eaico =| Re OS Crag | Peer Riches Se ia ois Op-~-~-|------o <2 op----- SIdt88010 UOYCWANT \o5~ 57 ~~ 8a 3 | 3°SP A de ae [a ee ARG SIIOSNUOUSSBINe | acacea sees chan Fsny | > Wo “M LA8T (S}1BY9 YIIM—GSBT ‘YNWIG UoSIopuRy seep UONeIS) GL-LLEI ‘anpeedg PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 304 wunposowaf wnypryoitoyg |~~~~~~~~~ >>> >> rts Sa ae S| “OP GLAS se EA, COR pe oon OD rere tore i 61 ‘sny 39.178 ‘as4nj16u0] woydwifing |~~~ ~~ ~~ >> s ‘uy OF Qe tet SE SES STEERS SSS Opt sa| = seesrserseesSs5 Opess5 asipybuo] woydwupy |~~~~ ~~~ > - >>> ae SEN ie eee BE ee aS eae ge eee Np [2 Oeics Ba a oer (0) 110.198 ‘asinjpbuo? woydutiyy |~~~~-~ ~~~ SA BU one seas pee eed id ae Aegh| eee aa to ens) ODS Nl ceeat wes. eel Ol ‘any assnjbuo) woydwAay |~~~~~~~ ~~~ BYIGUN a es 2] |e ear a ae (0) Of Pali ncn ie o> | ODmre: | 1110178 ‘asipp.b6uo7 ‘sadisso16 ALOUCULENT Wooo 8 aaa Ul y's | G‘IP (4 eee eas ae F AG CISMOSNTOBSSEIAT sn as aes aon OD samen asiDnOwo] WOYdUAAT |~~~~~ >>> 180 tel a a seal as oP oe OL GEREG ERS = ar ae cee (32) asinjibuo, woydwfay |~~~- ~~~ S‘sio‘d | o'IF 8&8 Té OL Goer Gee de he eee Pee ct “any WUu947s WOYMWAAT \~~~~~~ 7-7 LON ll a Sa ae | a | eg aie at a C0) ee Fie a dled ae fg | ODstor 4 sadisso16 woyduifiay |~-~~ ~~~ 777 39'S oP BAG IPRS ER SS Avg szyosmyoesseyy |~~-~ 7-7 € ‘any asson0uo] uoydufay |~~ ~~ ~~~ ur OF 88 GE OL HGP Gye -i|ten > eee ea ODRSa sadzsso18 woyduiay |~~~ ~~ ~> 7777 39'S | 9 OF 9% Pi Rey OF aerate Gps ll nnn not ee ee 62 Arne sadisso16 woyduliay |~- ~~~ 7777-7 ASH Seren ne a 8 S48e OL CAG gy || 3 eras aes €% Arne 8L8T OSD BDULOPMLOUMLOYOMLAAT [one a is es 0 I PRRESEE SSA oe Uy odsp yous) > PE rs Opies as4nj16uo) ‘sadisso16 woydwAay |-~----~~-~-7>- => 1°3°m oF 19 3420 OL | A Sat G 7 |e ca eae ate 11°20 RAD EOL MLOYOALENT Woe ce eae Pee ee | aa | aac a oe SUINE SST TBE Fie ana saie roe 2@ 400g sadijiry ‘sadisso16 woydwiiay |----~~~-~ >>> >>> IDES eee ee a (3 A, | as eae TC a dea OD aa Fe = -- 7-7-7 >> Ul ‘S “Uy GE (4! elms ipa che mae OD eae l|f Rr Gere rr aes eee ct a sadysry woydmAyy |-~~-~---- 77> m‘s‘uy| ge Cone we ealpaa aa SNe PaO O1ONQST Oillis=-s05cr 0 uaaen se FZ “4dag RALUEU IONIAN ewes see ea a aS V4 tg | ee aecetaargSrg one ee OD Senge eae oor a Tz “3dog sadijiy woydwmiay |~~~~ ~~~ 7-77 SOOT ae tees es (4 met | ech ~ ceca pape OD pc ei ck oe OD sadiqiry woydufay |-----~~--> 77777 SEGsc|sraea >see 3 Cpge ie dT ee eens Se Ole See | eae eee eat S| gt “4dag sadisso16 woydwfiay |~-~---~--->>---~ ZOSCSCUIO Garages Se al ene a eee SPN EXUSTTBED || pee eotcan: eae area €1 “4dag OREO MOO ERICASBOUD ONO ULENT Mr = es so ae ae ke, ll ag | oe ae (00 Sd | a Ro aan ag aie = op ~~ asinpbuo} ‘sadissosb woydwiay |-~-~--~- 77777 - 7a nnn Aono rig ete 1) Se eae aes Yen Ak meas OD mated acetone sparaioncr nas 9 “ydag sadigsry woyduiiany |----------- PAIS ORACLE [i a as Lis o~ eae sa Se Neg Peo et OLONGOUp) |i Ssernte OD ou saduyary woydwiyy \--~~ 777777777 du | veos-vEze 1g 8% 9 | Corubr alee ee eee ODS F asippbuo) ‘sadisso1b woyduifiny |~---~---~~ >>> - > [tia “1 | 3428-"E8 (iS alah | iS} ahr a 2k 2 ovo) a 02100), | 9 ee g “dog "mM LA8T "To SULOYIOT ieee 11 EO 7 m10330q ’ aN Sprmos0u0Ad Jo soroadg m10}40q jo od AJ, qe ‘dura, qydoq 300, N ‘9°71 aed a SSSSESSSSSSSSSSSSSSMMMMMMMMsseF POnUWwOH—G/-LLEI ‘janpaadg 69T vor £91 T9L 8a1 9ST SaT PST est 6PL OFT SEI tale Lo FOL Tet 8IT SII €IT raat OIL 20 TOL 96 98 98 18 08 8L ‘ON TOT} e48 penunvoo—Il ATaVL XTANAdd Vv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 305 Bad t88048 WOYMUAN, \95 5 = 55555 ssc at m ‘q sadisso1b woydwhyy |~-~~~-~- ~~~ ~~~ § ‘ds ‘so sadisso1B woydwAn |~~~~ ~~~ 7777-7 3 “S “SIO 11010498 WOYMWANT |~~ ~~~ ~~ 755-5557 S$ ‘S10 91010991) WNUOHOUI “u09.148 WOYduUfiAy |~~~-~~~~ ~~ qs ‘1q “Ss ‘py sadissos6 uoydwhpy |--~-~~---> >>> d “sq ‘uy 97010771) WnUobowhgy ‘u9.4js ‘assnjpibuo) UOYMULAAT |~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ tm ‘ud psouids nyayop -‘sadissol6 woydwfhiny |-~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ s “3 ‘uy sadissos0 woyduny |-~--~ ~~~ 7-5-0 ys “s aypL077) WNUOboUDh ‘nwo9ss WoYdWhr, |~-~~~ ~~~ ~~~ wm "nq sadisso1b woydwhyy |-~~~ ~~~ mw “ys asinj10uo) WoYdWAAT \~~~~~~ ~~~ - 7 3 “S ‘SIO 1uLo1js ‘as.vjibuo; ‘sadissos6 woydwhpy |\~~~-~~~~ ~~ ~~~ um ‘q "Js 1010198 UWOYdULAAT |~-~~ ~~ > 7 Ul *q "4Js 91D10}94) wnuUcbourhig ‘sadisso10 uoydwiyy |-~--~~--~--—~ S$ ‘gio “AYI sad1sso1b woyduiiny |~~~~ ~~ ref Sy ah sadisso1b woydwApy |~~~ 77> Axl asinjibuo) ‘sadisso16 woydwhyy |-~~-~~~~~~~-- ~~~ 4s "AYI wmnlonu WoYyduUhiny \~~-~-~~---- mw ‘q “Xp “4s 109.178 ‘assnjibuop UOYMWAAT | ~~~ >>> s 119.498 WoYdwWAp, \--~-~-~----- >> § °Ur "Uy 1019S UOYMUAiAT \~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 000 27 “UI 1010498 WOYdUAnT \>~~~ ~~ ~~~ uI ‘q ‘Xp “ys 1010.98 ‘asipjibuo7 woYduUAAy \~~~~~~----~ I “q “xp “4Js sadisso16 woyYdwWhp~y j~~ ~~~ ~~~ 77 ds ‘4s 1947s UOYMUfiyy |~~~ ~~~ “iq "4s 110.178 WoYdwhyy \~~~ ~~~ ~~ Ul “Iq “4JS sadissoi6 woydushay |~-~~7 7 d‘3 31D10}}1) WNUObOUWdAT “wnNsIDU WOYdULAAT |~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 3 Ul ‘Ss 910.1077] wnuobourhig -wnivw ‘sadissos6 woydwhpy |~~~~~~~---- ~~~ wm *q “4JS 1947s ‘asinjnbuo) ‘sadissos6 woydwnyy |~~---~~ ~~ Pe eee mw asinjbuo) ‘sadissos6 woydwhpy |\~~~~~~ ~~~ > mw LOD LUE LOUCULIDNa oe ace aac 2 a ee al eae eo oe HULQLISUOYUGULANT, sa. 1 5 sucess anima 4s °s ULNSIDUL ‘YUL9.478 WOYAWAAT |\~~~~~~~~- ~~~ >> == 3°‘Ul'S OTT-O0T O0T 98 g8 68 69 VFO etC Pack noel 92 “deg ce 69 BASES Pith = aan cae eee OD esas ar 69 SAGOPA P ole an eee ODaaaas e¢ ¢9 (38h § Pe PESEREaR Reso 61 “3dag th 69 SAR SP lear ates See 8I ‘ydag oI OL OOCIP Wrst 86522“ Sageessiae 9 ‘ydeg ZO OL SPL 4ah alice ee I ‘4dog 5491 OL SiFO Spal cen ee ee Il ‘sny ST 02 COM Chilli es oe ae I ‘3ny 3499 69 Ole 2Sh ale soon 6c Arne 02 02 SO) TR URE SaaS aaa ae 8z Aine 6481 62 OL 1S 0 2P |S oes 92 “3deg ae? Sa? cae ae a ee OD re ee ae tas a oie cee ee ODiee. 4 Pept tay oN parte ae LG “4deg os a Avg STIOSNYOBSSCTY [IR = OD as OF OL Aaa 4 ml einai ea ODiaaag 98 02 (Sa 4 2 eae a ee €% “4dag e8 OL OSCE ee Soa eee ODinaen ce OL OS:6CEo bos as cee OD anaes ze OL O82 F. | han preenenien 81 ‘4deg Sree oe ae OD ya ea aes 1 ae awa), Gs to oer Os ii. ss eee Bn ee ee UUY OUBO TO 5255 - t ia ORs Hse OL CS Ae | ieee ieee 11 4deg €% OL SACS =CPAali casas, eee z ‘4deg FOS Spee oe OD grt eras OD ae ae he ee ea oa OBES Sania, © ee OD een Pare ie. Aeg SIIOSMUOUSSSTAT lianas on ene e wee OL eel S480: 60 |. SEER) BY coe een OPS 4 Per eg” ean Sateen ey, ODS) peal tothe 28 io een Le ‘sny Se: a ee Re ee OD 3s a5 60 > case: SO Dares Aeg STISSHUUORSSE Tal inn cnn nnn ee 62 “3sny 4g 69 | PCR 4 2a (aaa 7 Sata ODinaes ya te Aeg SU ORT UOBSS Sin een ie een OD amas 6g 69 | OS Che eisaetinnige ae aaa #2 “SnV PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 306 assppbuop UOYCU AT asinpbuo) ‘sadissoib ‘sadijsy woyduwhpy sadijiry woyduLiny sadijsy WOYdwAnyT Swnjsngos Uoyduhuoriog 10.498 ‘saduyny woydUANT sadiity UoYdUAnT pap12sogold Siapwassojoy ‘wnzsengos uoydwhuoasog sadiiry WOYdwhpy ‘unjsngos Uoydwuhuor.og $ad1ss01) woydwunny sadyity woydwhny Dapwsogoid siapuassojog ‘1100438 WOYMWAAT vapysoqosd stapuassojop qagngs ‘uLny “vidas “yu9.14s ‘sadizsiy woydwfiny ‘wnjsngos Uoyduhuossog Daprosoqgoid stapuas 80109 “puioijs ‘sadiyjuiy UoydUApT “wnzsngos uoydwhuossog sadiiiy Woydwhny sadisso16 woyduhpy spluosou04d Jo sojoodg (92-1 ‘Iddng “]ooz ‘yoy *[JopeIN ‘YOOH) GL-SZ8I ‘szuaumg we) ponuruoO—Il ATAaVL XIGNAddV ewer ee ee ee eS 0 IIl-@ 1g Tote dee ae ea I 19. 8& 6P a a 1'0—- 29 02 0g Serer S Spr F 9°0 SFI o'SE &P won nwanannnnnnnnano nanan Te oor 80 ZF Bar ooo aaa aa aa Li— 88 g'8e 8e Sorbo aa iets Z‘0—- ¥I GTe Le Spa REET SS oT 861 9°68 9F ih ee eee ow en eae Go ol cc Qo eee eS) lon er eeeenee f 0zt €P epee & 90— OIt 8h SF nnnanennacenanennneennee fe Ost 98 SF SSaeeaaniaaeianaaaniannien eI- 001 61 SF Poh Sea ee OPS Be * eee O9T 60 oF ee, ee Fe WES oe tas 09T Ag LE iL aS Go mE a San oc GS 0€ 8 “a ‘Oo SULOYIOT ad 4 ° W10}}0q Jo od4y, CRATER yydeq “3u0'T (VY el" A cee ee ie pee: er ‘any as 0” ¢| era e eee Tg Aqne UT SS pmenepaeasineets aa og Arne Oi Gemees eo ss). aes be Ane O00 ORs ooo ot ae Te Aye Que Mbt hits ttraacbedec ends 6r Aqne TBE TE ae aia Ee At Aque CiRE. Chil comey eos aan br Aqnge 6481 rc TA bar eleparanelp ayn e “sny C7 Bi Reng aa C eres 1 “sny ON paains aera I any SE eae iatae tebe Te Ane (HS TAS lament aes aca og Aine NRE TS aie aaa sas agate aie” 62 Ato TONE 7 Tel as Seegenge e g@ A[n¢ (Ui Ane eee gt Syne 8d8T ‘ o ‘NPT 0780 ia’ &T ~eOoOr~rOON Son on | iat oe ‘ON 017848 ete a EEE D9880]09 stapuassojog | ~~ eco Sa OnGe Z00T GZ So OL OOM 8P 168. War case Sezs = 0z Atng | ze DES80]00 SOD UGBEOIOD Ne aS 20 °Qo[s | 0°68 98TT Ot Of GLb lr “GaSe licsn- ss sscs meee op-----| 6g¢ DULLLIIIDUL ‘DISNHUDY Stapuassojog ‘wnjjauay? woydufiny \--~------------ ZO "qos | 06g 226 OL 8 &Z OR GS tS Oot a eS aa 8I Arne | see dafroufsof sisdouayyog |~~------- ~~~ ys 00 | 0'LF Lee O9 Tf ZL |e0ee> Te |------------- ee op----- sie dofroufsof sysdouayyog |-~~-~--- ~~~ py] oor PSE -| GE ST 82 COOLS Th ete ae ar Aine | LT Huge Uoyduiny |-“~---------- === wus | 0 3P 096 Gh 8I OL O0'69 66 I/F isa Sesser ae 1 Arne | org DIsNHUD SpapUassojoD -snzDULLD snYydUfysoIsy |\~---~-------~ w *A3 “yp 0'8e ZPCT 0g Se ¢9 (he tam a0 | pope eee ton ODsra a 808 09880109 Spapuassojog |~-~~~ ~~~ m ‘AS "HP | 08s 086 OI ZF 99 GF Gilg in. || op-----} 208 D9880109 stapuassoj0y 119.178 ‘sadysso1b WoYdwfiny |~~--~-------~ um ‘AS "YP | ¢'6E POS 00 ¢¢ 499 OS SEE TR. Wo ee eee 62 PUNL | 90E 91010991) WnuUoboushg ‘vassojoo ‘Djsnbun stapuassojop |~~-----4s ‘8s “ur°AZ*YP | 06S Org ez 1g 99 Gl 8 Ip |-ccttcrroco rr op-----} gog ayosogyt) Unuoboudig |~~~~~-~- ~~ mmm $F 6&1 og Le g9 QO WMC SRT leo ea see ee ODineaas #08 aynsoyy unuoboushg |~~------~- ds‘yq “s‘A3 | ¢ ‘OP 908 0g F@ gg (ie Ghee |PSsesSe sere Gyo £08 97D10})1) Unuoboudhgy |~~----~---- ds*yq “s*[A | ¢:'2P GL 00 00 99 OO2082 BR SSRs iene cae gzounf | ZOE 0881 eS SS es ee | ee ee Se | eee eee (I88T ‘UOSTIM) OST ‘AxD1q ee ee ee ee ee eee ee ee ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 307 tafiayfsof sisdouayng |------- pelea 20'S | GCF OIF OB SRR TO beta OT | Semmeeneel TIBI | $92 dofioysof sysdouaog |---~------ =~ Z0“S | O'LF 162 OTL TET SOB SBD CU Als Sones a secon cad 82 “Ged | 09% 9880109 stapuassoz0g |~~—~~~~~- ~~~ ~~~ zo“s| ¢°6e alo ST SEI Ol OT 8p" eee 61 “49 | 222 9880109 stapuassojoy |~~—-~~~~~~-~~- = z0“s | 0 ‘99 Zh BP VO 1G) |) UB RE ORT ans 91 A0q | 22% Dappaqueyy DI ODAfosaqaFy \~~~-~~- ~~~ ys iq “Ss "Us| 9 GF 9Lh SO. 00) 1O' |] Sha Me MDT Nore eee OT “qeq | 402 Sp4D)nadyo Dum ABoshyd gy |~~~~----~---- Z0°S3 "HP | 90h 99g Go GeO TOM ROP Te wey Alec te eons rename 6 G97 | 102 DaeeopoD'eyepuaseofOD || ~—- “noma n monn fal | ed aca a Pel Be 19 4 Or PCO ST. snes GI “URL | ZIT 6481 Uy ape AA ig iL | ila lai ieee a | eaten 98 OU OP ORF 00) FE rot ie) on” ar snjua) snphpoopojdouy ~ ">>> ua G ‘9F-9F 919 00 IZ ZL Odeophags |cecesssse eee or vaprsoqoid stapuassojoy ‘rhuosonus ‘1m04j8 ‘sadisso16 uoydwhiny ‘wnjsngos woyduthuoasog |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7~>-~ m | 008 809 00 Iz 9 GOe 90" Ope Rewer ere 6 DISNBUD 81apuassojoy ‘thuosnu ‘wo9ss uoydwhyr ‘wnjsnqos woydwfuoasog |~~~~~~-~ ~~~ ~~~ >>> 777 m | 0'08 OF9 00 SI 9 00 St 090 |rrtrorttco ricer 8 DISNHUD siapwassoj0D “ThuoLDUL ‘uous ‘sadisso16 woydwhpy ‘wnjsngos woydwhuoasog |~-~~~~~~~~~~~7 77 77> 48 08-8 "6% 99F og 91 2 riled | Gal’ lube (eaauieaceweenese sesso: 9 sadyjary woydwAny |--~-~- mmm pu | o'er eer OO oP ge icp=1re0g pecs essesscsas eee g SULOYID IT 6881 (S881 ‘H90H) Z88T ‘uO7747 (yuabayia) Dutssa0DUL stapuassojog |~~~~~-~---- === iy ace aaa 80 ‘T QT cbr Gre 1100. Tashan leeciekcotere ces BI ysn3ny | se SULOYIOT ‘mM SisuaipjisspUL snphzoDpoydoup |~~~~~~ ~~ ites er Chr eZ 20. 1800 Sh leto 27> ee 9 sqne $4970 a | T88T (V9IGT ‘1oIANOg) ISBT ‘4797]7DavL7, Dapisogoid stapuassoj0g ‘rhwosovu, ‘mous ‘sadissos6 woydwhyy ‘wnjsngos woydwhwoasog |-~--~-----~--------- 20 | 08% OFS ts @ C02 COG ee [Rr LI 4snany | 8 wuwo.44s WOYMUWAAT |~~~~ ~~~ OR oA ote aoe ogg Gh Le IRASGGe Ae Iss eee opsiny L AULOUSIONGUWANT > act oo tak ca 20 | 0'FP qIg 61> Ler [oct Te Rss IT ysnany | 9 70410770) WnuUoboUmN |~~ ~~~ Talpamgge Se €¢ wg ¢ ZL 60s He eee eqsn3ny | ¢ wnjsngos Uoydushuoasog, |-~~—-~-- um | O18 GLE Abe me. Peres Oar ae ease caesen ses gz Aine | Z “M 088T ‘To SULOYPOT iy ae 0 ln te 0 spluoSouo4d jo soroedg 010340q Jo adA J, aconian qided "3007 “NAsT 218 noreig (66-F6 “dd ‘18st ‘Y90H) O88 ‘2unu4g FY buy penuyju0p—II ATGaVL XIGNAddvV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 309 wnsoujds uoydwAuvsvg |~~~~~----~ > 4s “un q | 0'0F 998 Of 8¢ OL (US Vaeah 3 ant |u| Wepre areca “==="Op"-"""|_ 768 $7.4980125U0] sysdouayDg |~~~~~~~~-~ ~~~ OE GEIS: | sents hoa 408% 00 OF TL 00)..0%, 5 (685.4 serra 5" sea Z°290 | 168 814980410949 auaqjod1jDD |~--~ ~~ > 7-7-7 s | 0°19 Cliaces 1 ee ACO Sap 8] SALON is | ere ea an $% SNY | $28 snjuay enjhzovpojdoup |----~--~-- ~~~ s ‘uj “UI | 9 ‘Ec (1) Ds | erie Sao mee tee OD aa = en ee en ZI ‘SnyY | 98Z 8nqua] snzizoppoydoup |~~--~~--~--- ~~~ um “s “3 | 0°89 Clee. 2. altar g caer? Avg JosueselIeN [~~~~ 7-7-7 g any | G22 To sULoyjoy 0881 16-0881 ‘YnDyT Ysiy snyruhysozdaj-sb1B stapuassojog |\--~---~-~~--- ur "GM “3s | 62 g9l F 02 61 TNE el saa ats eg gz “ny | [ste] 6FT D9880j09 stapuassojog |~~~~~~~~~-~-- Ul "YA “4Js | 0'g 090 ‘F 91 1% Oleicre iliere oc bates eee Ops [Per] LPT snyoulysojdaj-svb1b stapwassojog |~~-~~---~---~ Wi "YA “4s | 0's $26 LL 1% 0 Seer Hace, fore gh en be “any | [eer] OFT DyDUIAS1Q DaDpghsvyd stapuy |~~~~~ ~~ ~~ SHOUD ete = mete weed 819 I GZ CE AB) One| | aaa ae sas ara sae (1) searaieg [811] 02T DIDULLD DYaYDp |--~~------ riparia s thir I} OTT COP 60 9% AOROL: Wie ceca ea Money ay og Arne | [Ztt) sit “ST OP19A DIDULYIA DIBYIP |-— ~~~ its) | pea cae O1I-08 edeQ ‘ozey a oouvlg “Yq |--~~--7 > 2z Ame | [sot] ett snyDULsD snyouhysoosp |~-~-~-~~ 777-77 egy | aaa Reena 0s¢ ‘T 69 9T OUea* 3 >) asec ODay [oot] +01 DULIL199DUL Stapuassojog |~~~~~~~~~~-~-~~~-- Us 8 ae a 119 ‘T 140 LT CIOL aes a eee 21 Ate | [66] gor DIsNGuv stapwassojog |~~~--~~---->--~ SIUC fy | amet ae ae 08% ‘T 61 8I SOMO alas ee ana OD sis [s6] 86 DISNHUD stapuassojog |-~--~-------~-- s*ur‘id | oF C6F ‘T 10 ST trade Wc Pe eee 1 Arne | [€6] 96 DUILLaIDUW ‘DIsNbUD Stapuassojog |~~~~~~~~~--~~-- § “ur “id | 0"2 Z6 0g LT OOP EG) Bien as < sac weeeene 4 ar Ame | [zg] ¢8 DULs20DUL ‘DISNBUD stapuassojog |~-~~~--~~~~-----~ ur “43 | 0'9 082 ‘T 40 LT Coie Ga ee ry eee Opes [Ts ‘08] £8 DUtLIaIDUL ‘DISNbUD stapwassojog |-~-~~~~~~~----~-- uw ‘JA | Z°¢ OOF ‘T or at L8G Al ee eee See 11 Ame | [62] 18 19880109 S1apwassojog |~~~~ ~~~ - 7-7-7 TE, | oats Re Ger ‘T 90 9T aR ome | limes gece erage 6 Arne | [ez] 92 9880109 stapuassojop z0 I [AS Cod | meee ESE Soar, ze oung | [65] £9 9880109 Stapuassoj09 Te 2 TOmGo) Ws "rrc eee y geeeeten 9z eung | [gt] zo 9880109 s1apuassoj0D 1p I SU 6Cralics. me ee caer ge ounr | [2] oF DULILLIIDUW Siapuassojop 9F IT OOS i=: aa. ee $2 oun | [IF] oF D9880J09 stapwassojog |-~~~~~--~-7--- ~~ MEARS sigcco => or a aa 002 ‘Z er IT SO! (088 fi 52-597 oa OD ieee [68] 2% DUILL99DU stapuassojog |~-~--~~~~~~-~7 77777 w | 0% Iz % 1G aan a COm OCnAl pat oa renee ce €z ouns | [gg] IF 184D8]aDYILWL stapuassojog |~~-~--------~~ ~~ Wr ReS ye se ose ‘I 8F 6 READ | [Raia ieee ee aaa [es] Fe Djsnbuv stapuassojog |~~-~--~~---~~--7--7-- Und eo ae 069 ‘T 6F 6 tem | Rem oerier erk se zi oun | [Ze] €¢ PIZLOTOISIONUILOOIOD) |b a> aca ss cea aa ae Wi | oF O6T % we 8 LORS) A ors 2 ee eo eT oune | OT Do 849}ayy S881 (LOGI “Q9T6T ‘1014n0g) Eset ‘ups D7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 310 GILLS TaD RU ULOLLPCA ES tine 3 2a. ee tae een ol ee Ae Pe Ole 2. cal ete Cae ee ke OD es oom nak ae eee 0 CaS TS9T BIVUGUSTATOU POMEL Pel. cian Se eee |e VS Se Be DONOS ONSOCTGD) sss on on omens OT ‘UBe | 6POT \ T68T VNITOUVO HLN0g snjqua? snjhzoppojdoup |-~~~~~ ~~~ ys “s | 0°69 ONC ieta Mitewe wrk ek bo came Ba co OD isa |i. setts denen ae eae 16 °3NV | 220 snjquaz snphjyoppoydoup |--~ ~~~ ~~~ ys “3's | 0'CL (i: Pan ares gy eR CDinmalf. vs, a cues | @ a Oars 80ZT snquaz snphjovpoydoup |-~-~~~~- 7-7 TCs) | 0)'Sz, (i) Riga las aaa punos pwssAeuyA j---7 7 It ‘sny | S0zr L887 aujsousspso wm nuoboushg -yuw9sjs UoyYdUAny \~~~ ~~~ quan sf || Oa hc oe £61 68 OL GCC Ono monde ane Lee tea FO | PIT 42lL0.498 UOYMUANT |--~--- = um “Ss | 0‘0F 16 99 89 (URC) orl aa ar eae ea OD as 9CIT 99880100 Sjapuassojog |~~~~~~~~~ ~~ Ul ‘Usd “S "UJ | 0°68 182 9 «89 OP ec GO Okina ener beer eres OD saa s €ZIT 119.498 UOYdUAAT |~~~~ ~~ qs “s ‘uy | 9 OF ISé 0g 89 {USAC | Hey | geo ae Ses Opa) @oIT 1.0.98 UoYdUAAT |~~---~~-- 7-7 qs “s ‘uy | Q‘Ip FEZ 6h 89 Pers he ak cae ee eee 9 “SY | IZIT DULLLIIDUL Sfapuassojog |~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ um ‘us | 0 ‘OF LIE Lb 69 COSGE alison IT “sny | 960T wnsourds uoydwhuoing \~~~~~~---7-> > s“ur'nq | 0'0F 6hE oF 69 OU Gels te eammen ce: Tr Aqne | 601 6881 aupynoiqso wnghjshuny, \--~~-~-- ~~ - as | OEgo (ees aes = 2 DUMOR PIGAOULA posses ene oe ZZ “AON | TPOT psafyayoiaasg DYayop |--~~~---77 7-7-7 uw ‘A | 0'1F OIF Lt 69 | POO ess lee pan ae an a FI “AON | 8201 asunjrbu0) uoydumApy |~~~-~~~~7 77-7 3“s | 0'eg9 Gi) Vides ce VoL OY CON a fing) | Sta e S 0g ‘snV | 996 aujsousspio WNUObOUdAT “yw94js uoyduUhipy |-~~~~~~- ~~~ s “ur ‘us | 0 $F 103 OO ST MOO) MSG) COselipc soe came 6 ‘snY | oF6 aiDynaiquo wNzAyshuny \~~~~~~~~~7 77 3s | 0°29 Cae * eee eo ee ae (0) OSeira a ate ARs 9 eat Opry a. ¥&6 aunynoyquo wnphyshuny \--~~~~~~~-- 4s | 0°59 ae sac eee aaa op-77--|-nn oon op----- 096 a1njnaigso Wnghyshuny, “834780110919 auajzjodyyDD \~ ~~ s | 0°09 (1) CO Aan [ae an UNOS DIAG NG eee erin ou 02 Aine | 826 “M T88T ‘To SULOYPOT itn) ai eno spluoZouodd Jo sopoodg 110330q Jo odA I, TondiGa: yideq “Bu0T ‘N ‘81 ied a woryeig ee sin ey einige yg ee irre re paren ee ponulyuop—T6-08sl “YN YsiT penuyjuopO—II ATAaVL XIGNAddVv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 311 SIUALLT FEUILLE STL Tega Og LO ta pre etn ee | eee QOC=00 Tent | aoe Se reece VAP 8 EO ounf—AC yy SLT ODE LOU CULE NT Neo a ee a eas lee wet on ee all om eqnp pues seureqegd °30q FUR SBC OUI C2. no et Be | eR as eens ae caer yu svuleyeq “mM 4q BJDINIIJAL SLIPWISSOJOIDIWA |~ ~~ nner OIT ASP Cgour tla l jictola (sp AG non 7 || Teese see sass aes OD ass $9 "N Aq 19]09 snyoUhysoos yy ‘Lafroyfsof stsdouarjnd |~~ ~~~ nnn nnn nnn 08-02 ‘TING he See [ROU Ge OU in c> cnc nnme va seers 1 6¢ OuNL | ZO asta nmenaousuch |... ae ger en 002 Ge «8 OT ae Wisc ae of eta 22 ounf | 9¢ S681 E681 ‘UOHIpodxy sewmeyeg eBaoy Jo AjISIOAIUL) 93819 ppidsry aphohingy ‘chuosvum ‘sadyisy Uoyduipy Swnysngos woyduhuoasog |~~-~~~~ ~~~ 77 1S [pee a ee OST Ge eT TEU Gao Nie AGES AAG Nits PULL () | tos teen ones ¥ “490 [4ass0j16U07] wnyounysosoru Woydumhp~y |~~~ ~~~ ~~ Leer eon ge (||, Sar! |e TOQIGE UOTGU [GG ines e nse nnn Ss LI “4dog [orate estos siQICls iscsi a 00 as ran eae AS eae oe 77 777 Goede ores 0g PTE oo enh “me urge [este tees os hey aNV'T NIdave $1101N9.119 ‘YT Sueur auayodopnasg a OOP & ie Gena caw et Sea ieee: TUS Seas as-— or Pa pOUG 8& pie teria de ee UE eee a= as OGY, GZ aS es oe UL °00:| par maenas reer NOTLET 00 ein gi ae aie BU, i tanen ious ea OOS-OL9 ag “‘M ‘Ho SULoyOT an) aus 10340q Jo odA J, casio qydeq *Bu0'T (968T ‘Ara]INVD) SEsT ‘uvpnDD penulyuoO—IT AIGVL XIGNUddV on~rw st OO OPSOP SE ess =. ee 0g ‘sny | & C) Dal fag t |e oe eee 6) 8% “ny | 61 Aig ae | Soper meee ae ““¢z ‘any | &T OOM PP Ic Le. Sa re “SNY | IT 14 ll ial SSS Tease OD He FomObe lise 0Z “any | Z 9681 a é ° “N *98T 978d ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 313 vapiasoqosd stapuassoj09 ‘rhuos -90u ‘sunbaja ‘t4ajnjs Uoydwmhry ‘wnjsngos woydmhuoasog |-------------------- my) wnjsengos Uoyduiiuoaiog |\------------------- 2 ‘1q (8uap}43) tsshqn enysuhysoosy |------------------------ DBNHUD StapuUassojog ‘(Suaptsz) tsshQv snyoUAYysoosp |---------------- d “qo[3 (SUapts7) tsshqn snyduhysoosy |---------------- d “qols DIsNDUD s1a=puassoj0D |\~~~---------------7--- i) DISNHUD SapuUassoj0D ‘41190498 WoYdU AAT \---------------------- b) DIsnbUuD stapuassoj0D ‘ungsngot voyduhuoriog " 7777-7 mmm éUnzity WOYdwWA~T |-~-~~-~ ~~~ ~~ 7 ~~~ =m éWNty WOYMWAAT |~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 777mm nnn n ono *(sadywnjd) s1.4780116u0) sisdouayog |---------------- d “qos $100.98 WOUdUWANT |~~~~~~--~---- 22-7257 -- = wnjsngos UOYduhwuoalog |---------------- o ‘qos sdojpbaut woydwfiny |~-~------------- o *qols snap awayndiyyjng |~ ~~~ ~~~ 7-7 oon By) wnuissisourds ‘saqayoojday ‘19.498 uoydwuhay \---------------------- By) uLnulissisourds woydUfi~y |~~~~~~~~~~--7 ~~ 7-7-7 - s 8171092Hu07 ‘nyDJoapDUL ajayI07Np109 ‘wniovu, ‘wnwusssisourds ‘sazayo0jda) “yu9478 ~woydwip,y |------------------ a°A3 WO 10 (We (OS ono ty ~ CO CO 0L OL OL 69 149 99 so s9 99 99 99 s9 s9 g9 +9 +9 v9 ¢9 19 09 4) £9 43) £9 £9 £9 +9 19 19 19 6S 19 99 19 99 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 314 Sais eOID MOCMILENT (aca ssa ae sc ack PE ee ee £9 Sb 2 08 GOs 09ka tess la seca ae IT ‘ydag | 69% T68T EL UTASCL) “(24 111 20 a aa aa ae ‘wae. Soe SI SZ 10 8 ho G) Tinga dag ighecin eal 08 ‘SNY | LH 9880109 stapuassojog |~~~~~~-~~-~7-~- OL OAL gaara. re 08 ‘T Gh 16 Le SOIZ0Y Olactne Weenie br AINE | F8T 8881 pysnbuv siapuassoj09 ‘wniovUL WoYdULAAT |~~~~~~~~~~ >>> TAS Ae ogo ase eae 198 ‘T Sl Gb OF OR S50 Ok Fist ceaonon: o‘sny | 191 $1999 A881 (LIGI ‘J91ANOg) SIGI-I68I ‘9922V assaoultd *38—-988I ‘a]]2PUOT twn4pity WoYdUhny |~~~~ ~~~ 9'T 912 ZL. OL ita faa), || Pate eases oes ssasoe aa sdojpbaw uoydwhny ‘wnjsngos woydwuhuoaiog |~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~-~— 20°43 | p0— 9ge 60 LZ 99 @Q |--nro nono SFI pisnbuo Slapuassojo9 ‘xhuosnpwm uoydwiny ‘wnjsngos woyduhuorog |~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 0°43 | 9'0— 619 g¢ 9 7 aa >> UDA Du tS emer keen nn 00ST ch 20 8 80 98 Dso/njas DYyaYyoP -sagsprydns aphohang |-~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ mmm nnn 16 Sh Hf 2 ro ST SRUTESUED LONMUUENT esse oe gee aloe gee ee 88 ch lb T £0 6¢ $1)}092.19.19 a/ayI0jipsoy -wnjzsngos Uuoyduhuoaiog |~-~~~~~~~~~-~~--~~- ~~ = la” as 0g9 ST ch OF 1% 99 sadijiry “109.478 UoYdUAAT |--~-~------------ PS eens Sa a £68 Sl PF S&T 0& 80 82 wnuissisouds ‘sadiiy ‘1ajinjs “1w04js woydufivy |-~---------------- 8 SUL eee FE 0&F SI SI OT TO 08 $1)700200.L9 ajayoo)hpLoy -sadijsyy UOYdUAAT |~-~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ UES ble SARS oo ZO ee Oye AU GOL wnwisas ‘sadissosh UoYMWAAyT |~~~ ~~~ ~~ >>> Saale ar ae 8P ST 16 GZ 0g 92 Sadissos6 Uoydwhny |--~- ~~~ ~~~ ~- =~ === ect OESe Ra Se BF 02 Det aan oe eon DV COdO Gl sadyary uoydwhry unjsngos uoyduhuoasog |~-~--~------~--- =~ Oa ee 68 ST 00 02 Le GL paprosogoid siapuassoj0g ‘wmnjsngos uoyduhuoasog \-~-~--~----~--=--~=>— TS [ee oes aa SST ‘T St ¥ FI 0g ZT 69 $17]0916u07 ajzayoophipio) ‘mnussrsourds woydufiay |~--~------~-->--~ UpSUSyi eyes ee iz SI 8h ¢ 9T sg DyDULYyIA DIBYIP |~~~-~~ ~~~ ~~ WEES BEL Up Sal | PS Ss “"! 86 Sh FE 8% OF £0 8& 99880109 8tapwassoj09) |~~~-~~--~ maces ae lg 120 C8 |S ae Sara MOSS GSP 0 8 02 8& DIN pod U9} DdIyYDD \~- TTT BE (ieee ceo aaeas “"| Gh8 SL 6h 9% T& 8€ 09880109 S1apwassojog \~~~~~~ 777777 SHAUT A ee oe Se GOT ‘T ST O& 92 4@ 8& 9880109 s1apuassojog |--~~~~~~~-------- Act | eae Pan ee 820 ‘Z cp le 6 aI 8é 97D107}1) WNUOHOWIA |~~~~ ~~~ 77 (ji 100) bela eisai "| 298 ‘T Sp LP OS OL LF DULLLIODUL StapUasso]O |~~~~~~-~~-~7- TOS SHOL 5 tamernne tans “""1 $19 ‘T ch 90 6 co Sh DyOULYIA DIPBYIP \~ ~~~ ~~~ Re Fai Saag OS Be. 09 cy && ITI Té 98 BIDU07 UN UNL OUOG Ta ls = ok eae == os pe allege td oee ah OL 00 0 &@ «(08 SS a ae ee baaOn S06T ee eee €1 ‘ydog Bo Sasa ---2 °4deg Sine bares 0g/0Z “sn YW oe ee aE oy Se Il ‘any SCM a He ““Te Ane ek as var ea Sy £8gT PEEL STél SFC £021 €F0T OFOT 0Z0T ra tt) § 266 026 996 096 4) 626 288 £89 FS 91g sig £0S 98h L9P £26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 316 -e_—_———eoo———— Eee pysnbuo Slapwassojog 8177001Hu0] a2ayoozipsog ‘zhuosspu woydwfiry |----~-~ Pods “1109 7p “Qols | F'¢ 928 ‘T 0s 8 Ok AGs Meso oss cee eae aa ODiaaen OL 030109} DW a7aYyI0jN ps0 ‘wnsopu, ‘sadyity uoydwiny ‘wnjsngos woydwhuoasog |--~~---------------- s'd | 80 889 ae Ss VORDO. Nesrsces Je eek ‘Oprsse= L njsnbup siapwassojog |~~~~-~~~---- 7-7 20 “qo[a | T'0— os9 9¢ 9 OF O0Rull eneasce as eee L‘3ny | 9 DIDIOP AP ULTALOLOUORCT Nicos cra ce tee ceo EN ee eee ee 62. - FESR SESS sags m | Fo m eo see sn oes car sac ao eee=aaeee € “M 8681 (T8-O8: [°dxq BIAIp[BA ‘049g °D £ZO6T ‘SNIQOIA) 868T ‘7101p)04 DOSSOjOI SI PUGREOTO ae a pe ee ep eS See SoPT 0€§ 6h 29 OP SCR oie = tl gees 9% “SNY | LEPE SI6I D9880}]09 BJapuassojog j--~ ~~ ShecUlG ease ae orcas OOLT 0€ 30 ZI tf POL cohen an | ea ne emis mee 6 ‘sy | SITs TI6I DIDAD7I ‘DULILLIIDUL ‘DAKSOIOI Stapuassoj0g |--~-~~-------~~ Ul gO [silt eee oS 0ZE2 Ir 6 Of Cbreh lbs Ss ee 8I “snV | 0662 : Or6T wnsourds uoydwhuning |\~~~~~-~777 7777 -- PROSE | [a Oe ah 0gZ OF 8 Cb -Qeb lit cee ee as ee 61 Ainge | L1Z% 806T sadisso16 uoyduny \--~---~-----~ >>> (0 GA Gg |e icteate ST-O1 ~uedrIeqsydg ‘nulp) alaBy |---~ 777 L‘Sny | F892 L061 OPCS OPLONANGT: CULO NaNO eus | OUOPNe Nes le eae eee ee BEMION OSGI ln canes es ee eee © g ‘4deg | #E9z SI SPOLFUOUOUWAN ee ee Blithe ae PULloIOT SaIeYO Ad |------—— Zany | Sot BAC IPSONDMOUCULA NG eo SSeS A= aaa aaa oe ce aro 02 ~~“uesieqsyidg ‘Avg opfiM |~-~7>77 7777 8% Ale | Gh . “M 9061 Do $4970 Pact se a iS SpyuoZ0UDA Jo soyoodg 1103}0q jo odAT, nda qidaq ‘su0'T "N ‘987 oy8q conta POnUy}uo—SI1GI-I68I ‘297 assaoutsg ‘gg-9ggl ‘aepuoiT penuyu0d—II AIAVL XIGNAddV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 317 ULTERETIGOL WOH LOR LOT na OIT-001 98 ¥% Sof Rip eae ery alg ca ULNISTIQOL WOYMUWAWOIsO |~~ ~~~ FATT TTR aterm CZT 6P FZ QQnMp [pe as95="S" Ba Beea~ Soe Sano oP RACLEARY UOUCUUANT |p no oot ca | anos 09-¢¢ 6h ¥% FZ niby---ereneeovae sree eeae 1p wnjsNgos UOYdwmAUOaog |~~~~ ~~~ nnn nnn nnn O8T 8h IZ (Game gal IP oa Spier eames owe 5 Gc eT UCU EU le lal ae aie iinet paar irae rad OL S& 1% ie is eileen RE ies % aL 0) EF 20 UY | eal alia aaa eal cialis 0s 69 LI COMRR To. aoe tamer 8I SL97TV “M 6681 (6Se—-E¢ “dd ‘ZO6T ‘B19qUUOT) OOGIT-6E8T ‘UONIpodxg [eo1Z0;007 YysTpemg asipnbuo) woyduiny |~~~~~~~--~ 77-7777 > (oh (=): GUI Fee rire gI-¢ AGE TOSWWOCO Ys) tienen can nena oz ‘sny | 7 sadisso16 woyduifi~y |-~~----- ~~~ > - CO supe 188 ee cada nn coe 02-SI smolieu “ddn ‘Avg syoiyQ }7-77777 777777777 #% ‘SNY | 6F sadissol6 woyduifiay |~-~------------- UL, OUTS | haa abe- ans es > oem GZ-02 AB AUODIG Gi Gar MBA Saas cay co seas ean 02 ‘Sny | &F $1LD]NI.09 auayodopnasg ‘uinpoisas ‘asinzibuop ‘sadisso16 woydwAn \~--------- ORG ZOAUC ie Sh | tenean seen 08-02 ABE Ol [ENAGIS) iets | arn coe es ae soul ODieang OF SLADINIM auaqodopnasg ‘asinpbuoy ‘sadygsry woydwapy |-------~~----~- TAPAS i Sasa pees esas to OF-08 ADEE Ol TAURI‘) Wee Sn |ieaemeseenaeneaees SI “sny | 68 sadisso1b woydwihny |~~~-~----->--- ZO RAGED Biot | heats ea sine Seam Gg WO) RDPOY RLU anoy 8 PP a aaa OL ‘sny | 2z sadissoih UOYMUWANT |~~~-~- ~~~ - 777777777777 i |i came ew on aek awe 1% JOPWCXOLy, CUCH) JOG Ee | tannaceecmen eae 6°3ny | 92 [puepuselp) “NI 6687 (LO6T ‘UUeWAIO) DUDIG JB[eYM “GEST “AX WIV UoJdOUTIg 119.498 UOYMWANT “wnNjsngos woydwhuoasog |\~-~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ 777mm OOT gg 1% lanes. |i eS gt Ane papi9s0qold Slapwassojo) ‘chuosovur woydwhny ‘wnjsngos woydumfuoasog \~~~~~~-~~ ~~ 7777 00T 90 && Si tOUM G5 foc eee €1T Aye ELLY FEIT ELOY L210 na ea | | a 9L 8h 9€ UATE 1). de le an ee mean De g Arne SLDINIMNI auayjDdopnasey “Sadisso1h WoydUfny | ~~ ~~ ~~ - ~~ nnn nnn 02 60 SP 02) |S aats onda os a gt ounr SIM SOLH UO UCU 5a ars ae |e e rE OL 6F MOMOUME Pe" s a: soos cana ODD EEG De NESE TVR) 7a ia a aera | area aaa 02 £% 6F COs 80 setae on oe eee g oune SULOYID ce 8681 (Z8Z-6L2°6 UlIGNG ‘90g *AoY “901g “19g ‘1ajUadIeD) BERT ‘VAY 7DIUA7g UO ‘aonIg aa | 746333—48 VOL. 97 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM ro eee ee eee 318 seshiqn snyounysoosp | ~~~" -=---- == = Oy ana ae Sea Ta 000% 6b FI (4 dl eileen eee 62 DIsnbun srapuas -80j0) ‘sadyay “ug9sjs UoyduULhny /uingsngos woyduhuoalog |\~~-~~~~~~~ ~~ >>> >>> >> Leag Ne gae ieteeeia COR JosAH Ag orzuexouyy |-----~-------------------- 82 Daptosogosd srapuassojo) >> monn "7 Ga i Se paofiy yosop "aq |------------------7------- 12 ThavoLovur ‘ui9.49s UOYMUANT unysngos Uoydufiuoasog |~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ [006 | is eee ee ie | POC tsa - sa eee paofy yosop sag |---- ~~ --- 7-2 z wnjengos Woyduhuoasog | ~~~ ~~ ~~~ 215 | Ne aati tamara | QOS. 9 “Beers e-sase= PdOfy yasop ‘ayy |------~------------------- o7 ununubuo) ‘riwosnus ‘aagnjs woyduLfiay |~~~ ~~~ ~~ Sill hess aeons CN) (nn | Gemioet Ga oot eer Opat--7|----- 77 nner grseseet ¥ ununiubu0) ‘sadiyisry woydmfay |~~~ >>> DT aah a ee ST (iy ee De ie a ar oe (ehhh beh i oo eene 92 DISNHUD sLapuassojoy “zhwosonw “LUL9.498 WOYdUAAy \~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ >= === 180 ola aN aga Cleon eee eee ) hatte hhh ee zz xhu -01onu ‘sunbaga ‘sadyity woydwiny ‘unjpsngos woyduhuoalog |~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ 777-777 [20Gb [ean a ele (iat Sie Sacco eceis Aug ayzueyovyy, |---------------+ --------- Iz 109.148 ‘sadtpiLy ‘(uunjzxi) .sadisso16 woyduAyy ‘wnjsngos woydwfwoasog |~~~~~~~~~~ >> 77777 >>> Ua eat a de OST 02 61 il ee 02 110.198 ‘sadipity WoYdWhny ‘wngsnqos UOYdwuhuoaiog \~~~~~~~~ ~~~ 77777777 [uo tl [Piatti = OST Gl 8t GQ pe |--rronrrr noes 6I $1770000949 a1aydopAp1oy >> ICED | ea ee a Ge-ZI -Wd2LH “| ‘Avg aizueyouyy |-------------------------- LI sadujiry ‘supbaja woydmany ‘unjsnqns woyduhwoasog | ~~~ ~~ ~~~ BAS) Geko wcemecunoant 00¢ 99° LI G% OL |rrrt tree rae 91 wshqn snyounysoosp | Ua EES SISIZSIIZIIP OOF Z se 8 AQUIE) Wesssczoscrs= cea Bea eT "M assppbuoy woydUhny | 10) (el Ses > Sata raga (OS=O lente | ipscne aes ce Testes) |=s-- sea SEI sadisso16 woydutfiny | ~~~ ~~ =~ FAST SU Sinha ict tac Or-s te ir | (2 82. [pece non L ‘a sadyuigy woyduiiny | mmm Dt ie gecis son eb a the et a oe Wes sag side, | -ass stn taken 9 “M 0061 ‘Do Slap it 8 ih aD 010340q . onde SpruosounAd jo sopoedg 110940q Jo od AJ, 48 ‘duo |, qideq 3u0'T N ‘381 oad TO}78Ig 2 sa RP et dc ec s Renee es. rc inne 2 dae) Me eben SiR aia aeceearie eae erly Os Ak? Penunjvoy—O06T-6681 ‘UoNIpedxg [eo1Zo[007 ystpamg penunuoO—II ATAVL XIGNAddV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 319 vaprasogold siapuassoj09) paprosoqgosd slapwassojog |> >> OTT 4 970.1097) WnUoboUdig |\~~~~~~ ~~ § ‘ou 119.198 WoydU hry 97D 4097t7, UnUMofOUme | ~~~ ~~~ s°xp 7U01)8 Woy CUhry ajv107}17 wnuoboudhg “1uLotys WoyduULhay 9j0.107}17 wnuUobounhyT UWN7IDLL98 ‘unJavu. ‘119.178 ‘sadissolb ‘sadizaty ‘uniuissisourds woyduULAay |~~~~~~~- ~~~ ~~ qs “S “HD papiasogold stapuassojo) ‘rhuosnwu ‘wnuirssisourds woyduihpy | ~~~ ~~~ a) supbaja woyduUiny |~~~~~~ ~~~ S Hq "1q ‘ou Sunbe]a WoyduUing | —-2-- 3-7 a) 11190178 WOYd WANA, |~~ ~~ 77> S$ ‘ouy papisoqoid ‘njsnbun stapuassoj0) ‘suvbaja uoyduhyy ‘wnjysnqos woydwhwoatog |~~~~~~~ 77-7777 B) SaI1dty UNUAUNT 071 t e $"1q SUD DFA LOUC UN |\saee wc gme tee ae a) Dapwsoqgold stapuassoj09 -“wnjsngos Uoydwihiuoatog |~~~~~~ 7777 ) $379490)09] UoYd whiny UNLIDUL ‘{NUO.Qs WOYDULhry papiasoqold stapuassoj0D “al 002/0 3-28 'T 0 °C-26 'T (3) 93°F 0001/40 °8 OOTT/TF “O— 029/81 0— 06 °2 1Z0— “Ul 004/16 F “Ul 092/.0 % “I 008/02 °S S13—-006 09T OIL POT O9T “89 008 ‘T-O0T ‘T 022 ‘I 009 00g 049 ogg GLL OOT ‘T £68 082 008 sO oO Aaa a at £0 bE £& 16 86 OL SE && OF && GP 8g (46 ST 61 OF } a OL 69 1g 9g Lg 8g 19 #9 6g 09 (43) 69 (a) 69 69 69 10 PL PL GL ni |e a ae eee 62 ounse EC pee SOC Vet, 4¢@ 9unfe 6T II (At) 89 q *(aduapuodsei109 Aq pajda1109 pue popuowe ‘siaded snoyiva) ussusyda}g ‘PI—-006I “SL99 19049117 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 320 “UI OST DyDpoayoU ajayoopipsog |~~~-- ~~~ 7-777 a9 's L1°9 | 022/89 UW OST / WLNISNQOs UOYMUAuossog ‘sajayI0j}da7 “wunpDLLas WoYdUhiAy |~~~~~~ ~~~ 3's 66 PF €8T/OLT sadijiyy woyduifiny | ~~ ~~ 7777 (SS ieee peat 901 “m1 OFT sadly uoydwiny |-----~ ~~~ ys “9 +90 00Z-99T napwsoqoid Siapuassojog /wnjpsngos uoyduiuoasog |~~~~~~~ ~~~ BcS AU SR eS aes oe eg 6LT “Ul O9T Sadijity woYduLiny |~~------ 7-77 2 “00 “Ss 6'T GLZ-8ST “Ul G6I wnjoLlas WOYdULAAT |~~ ~~~ 777 4s ‘ys “s tare 902 sadijity WoyduULhiny |~~~-- 7-7 OQESIS = 25a = ra 602-661 “UW CTT UNzjSngos UOYdUiuoalog |~ ~~~ ~~ a 2 PEI-STT wTASNGOk WOYMMNWORMO |" ~~~ ~~~ ~~ former nn 002/009 TAT GOW LONGI LOoLO Gt ||P nn Bean eames ee oa nen oman Sa teas 860 ‘T MUUOD UL LONGURNE |p 5 Se ye OOT ‘T AECL TAL LOUWULIN Area oe hei Pe ed bees ee Poe 82 89799070 a) WOYdwWAny |~~~e (2 | ae ies ae 00€ ‘Oo $4970 spruoZouadd Jo sowedg 110}}0q Jo ad Ay, tg eae qydoq “i 4 06 0g 02 ct Zt oh LT 8l 61 9€ 02 GSE Lo tb 0% 2 &% Ze gS Of co (08 9F OF Ty 0& “a 1% 00 c0 00 8& F ct 19 90 6 “M LT 8T “a é ° *su0'T ponuyju0j—uasusydeyg ‘P1-0061 ‘s4ng J9DY 91 penuljuoD—TI AT€aVL XIGNUddvV a“ ST vl Lg (09 ce OP "N *Y8T aed £9 au) Pro uolqe}g 321 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH MULTI UD RAL LOUGALNT® | een 5208) eines teens GLI ZL Gz 099 |e BI7 TOOT a IMLONCULANT S| <> ee nt eee ae | On keh eo oe ame ces OL G2 Pte hel arctan ste para ae iui94js ‘sadssoud ‘sadiqiy WOYCUwAN | —o-5 1. ls sll bs ae GI Zh ORS eo 9g |----ttornon con ausoussniownuobousig | tt tt 69 sal GZ FZ GF akg) [foes eee RAD TUTNLLOUOMENNT t|\Cc2 soca peu we Ala a ok ap 06 IZ ¥Z G0 99 |rscc2oten See no nero sean a= LLL LOUCALTENT |= co pn ee a le) | ee 09 FL ¥ 9g) PlPaa==2 "> Sper ae eee aljsoLsspia ULNUOHOUWIA | ys ‘3 F Ag) 09 60 #2 AM leew aecngar ss ee ee sadtuids auazndopnasy ‘wnziry WOYdiay |e 29 Bo zg 9g |rcecco ooo 19478 ‘sadisso1b ‘wnulssisourds uoydufiay |~~ ~~~ 10% 6'9¢ &% 8°20 Qg \rrwrrcrrr UN Lay ULiNT |" 9" "Se ae sina ft 0g Gh kG gi. 68 fle ee POT RO CELTS: Nt in eee ees |e ee aa ame | OF 0f 9% 2 ee iy pete SSS 1UL0.498 ‘sajayoojda7 ‘sadisso1b “wnuissisousds woydmhpy | ~~ 9ZE-9IZ &% 3G Olver BQ: [|2a- sro ee pee sajayojda7 ‘sadissoub ‘wnwisstsourds woydufiay | ~~~ SLI 0g Iz awe. ee ee 110.198 ‘assvprbuo7 ‘sadisso1b ‘wmmnjizy woydmAay |~~ ~~~ 08 FL 0% dewey Bones S1DjnId auajjudopnasg “sadissoib ‘sadyjivy woyduriny | 9°¢ £8 60 0Z e709 Vln ee UTALASHISOLACS LONGALANTA| 9 15 se = at ho ys nae 91 #0 0 Sven tc ae PUTA LA LOMOAIIENT An a 0 oo es | raed el AEA tn eNO 61-39 00 02 Ve OiGe | eeaeiemEete es oT AIDES RISO OS TLONCULILNT Bln 9 0 eau) nll gl 0 onal sn sls ueeWhe 0008 OSI 1Z 8I fe Oe | eects | ey ae IDLO) UNUOHOUNy sad UOYAMLANT || ==S*C*=“<“‘“‘“‘<‘<“i (LET ..{pueao] Jo AZ0]007,, ‘uasuaydajg) puvyjady a S270100ICOTMONGULINT, Insc e377 8 toa? tote a ae Re eee tee = DMG CNet O.C |S Ya OSs yi ec z ‘1099 | 6F 8261 ‘UaUL -04YUM pup Y100L “Ul OOT sadipiy woydusiyy |--7 ~~~ ~~ gg GLI-SFL 2 &L 0902.4) er Ate | 9% S261 ‘4240 LT sajayoojday woyduiny ee pea e hey AG we ERE pop Ss ZL PFI 0g Z@ 0 RRURE Sc Dee ez-sny | 16 PEG *4240L sadijayy woydusfiny |-~-- G9°% *6 OL Ig F Vie) Caterers Jase #I 0061 “2DPUIAH a ee ee ee ee a er a ek er ee eas os EE Sa SEES TOR SGT 2 (SEG ‘UsSUsYyda}G) SNOsUBT[IISIA VOL. 97 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM CITE) GOH AE HOE || PE een 9 ee Ge Gl Ss ear *% 8 al Rae ae a g‘3ny | oP sadijury ‘sadisso1b uoydwhyy |-~-~-~~-~-— so “qs ‘9s |) 22°1— 8L 10 #1 COME SU Fe lisse = eae ares Te Aq | IF Ad Weed AP Se Peas Ve an bo oe | | mee ee EE Es : Gl FL BSG al ee Soe ok ee Thuospu uoydwiny “wnjsngos uoyduhuorog 2 | ge'0 00g 80. FI eg ia Fe Ajne | Ze “AA wmnjpossas ‘sadysry woydui~y |~~~ ~~~ 4s | “Ul 008/Zh “% Ore ap OT GRE Ges ae eee sree 2 &qne | Vit pprdsiy aphohung fsqupynono auayndopnesg ‘sadujsry ‘sadissoub CAT ICRTUDINTS| nace aes BI PRL SA SS Sulgese ss aes san ae 08 Phe yet TOOL aNd Tecan emis oe ZI ounr | > ack 9061 Do BOTAN, a“ 4 ° “ ‘ ° a easter op det td eee anLounpienuUonoUane |t 2 OD meee 0zI “pRoH Wesse[D “MNMTUL0G [7-77 LT ‘3ny |(9) snqujnoo snphizoppojdoup |~~~~- (M04 o1sejed desq) | 908 157 QUBRIBO MT, “WANUAAVTOT 08 | (5s Tone peninue o: 5 L‘3ny |(g) AIDADI UT LOLOL Ria eee ie 1 saan Guat een lOn salts) | 6d O&T “peep UeSd9e[D “MM NM TUL0g | er Arne |) S061 peo DIDIOINIAUMUODOUARTA |) ee end 001 messet9 “NAG “MN PUL 0G |777 7 eI “4deg |(¢) DIDO UOLOMMRTRI Tote ee ce Ed eee at “peo UBES0ID “MNMTULOG [7-77 ZI “3dog | (2) sdojydhy snjhpoop -ojdoup <(17J0y) sru0ji4) sisdouayng -sajayoojday woydui_y | ~~ (ao}j o1zejod deed) | 7288 *pvoH TOV “MN MsTOr £g [700 ¥ ‘sny |(1) SULOYIDT 1061 spruosouodd Jo sopoodg m10940q Jo od AT, eaten: yyded “B00'T ‘N “481 AGE went ES 322 (SO6GT ‘tojUsdIeD) EO-TOGT ‘SoHoysty puejory ponuryaoj—TT HTAVL XIGNAddV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 323 5 wnjosowas mnIpyYyoiroyd +s140)n9449 auayodopnasg ‘sadissosb woydwiny |~~~--~- ~~ 25 68°6 (28) 2% 90 39 LSet Poe ee 1% ‘3nV | Le00T assnybuoy woyduliay |--- ~~ ~~~ =m ooh (OTT) 09 eI 69 to @°8nV | 12001 1ul0478 ‘sad}s8045 uoydwuiyy |-~-~----~--~ === 19°9 (16) 9% 8h 69 eal | al arial 6z Alne | 6L00T WIC HOSD UOYCULAT fr eT "LE ee 0 OL et eal | ER ee glass be Ane | STOOL ‘Do sULoyjOT “MA 616T p GIGI ‘Sndwop4y sadpsso1b woyduhny (M04 o13e[od ie 000‘T 88 > Dip fyy -||-eseseoseceessacesy Ones Z01 DIENHUD Stapuassojog “wnjsngos UoYduNwoasog | ~~~~-~~---~~--~— [800 (0 Te | ee etal ia 860 ‘T se F LO O00 Eor 3c ee eras Or “3nV | Z0T DULLIIIVU S1aPUassojO) SUWNsIDUL woyduLliny (M04 orsejod dooq) OOT ‘T (He Vee} (CA Gt | tease ete gee ASOT ODeraaa OL DPSNHUD SapUAS8O]OQ |~———~—— = Ng ecm are G12 ‘T SI 19 60 Ci a are og eune | 04 IsdDSJaDYIVU SlapUassojog |~~~~~-~-~~ ~~~ ~~ 20% O18] | Pamewon aaa 9g ‘T ce &I 80). 8c. neo So ae €% AVI | 1h Sn zonosagnyGuo7 WoYdIwWANy |p ---"-- o-oo n monn mo ee ipmn se snnencncc ns £8 98 FI 80, a: Po erga ed 02 AVIN | 88 DUL1L199DUL “D9880109 Stapuassojog |~~~~~-~~----~ ~~ ZO GO] Sn (pases tiae noon 990 % 91 8 OF, Gb ora ea 8/L AVI | 8s DU{LLIIVUL “DIS8O}09 StapUassojog |~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~~ => nnn S19 ‘T ce L 1 a ae ae 2/9 SB | ¥% s4aja “M O16T (S16T ‘USSTO) OTGL ‘S4ng JaDY D1 wndovEUL “WNULIssisoUIds WoYMULfiay |~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ nnn nnn nnn nn 268 Or eg £ay: 80). |e oe eee 6 ounr | T&F 8171001bU0] ajayoojipsog ‘wnsnwm ‘Mniuissisourds uoydufiny |\-----------~~-----=-~---|> 77-7 = 7 ===> 77> 00FI-886 cI eg Fo) C0) spans exe he Paces gs ounf | 6cP PIC UOU CLO NT Gag or er eg el ore a GLL-0CL Zé 9S OP VOSA ee ak Fak Saar g oun | COP Sadsss01b UOYMULAAT |~7IBESy Sesee FE Tes5 act are ae 0Sz ZI 99 Ch GOtal es bec eat Tg AVI | 268 wnwysssourds Woydubliny |" a => =-0o mmo nc eo sane elmo case ces cn casas 00F 348 OF 98 Ci agate | ease: SRE SS 02 ABIN | 698 wmnULissisoulds “WnioDU WOYdULfiny |~~~~~---~-------— ESS YEO | aaa ae ts 989 9T 2g CG OD tae as ae eal 61 AVI | 298 BAAN UL NT IOS a ce > et M0OTET 0 9g Te | Mencia Spina 8 Avy | Lee 606 wnyDdias “yugd7s WOYdUhAT ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ooo nnn nn nnn oLP z 19 SPOON le a an eee ee 2@ Ayo | Sst $19.47 “q4aqnjs UoYdWAAT | ~~~ ~~~ ~~ oon 2S-02h £0 #9 OG 80" SP Sees one ae 6 Ajng | 201 1ugtjs ‘sadissosb ‘sadysry Uoydusfiyy |\~~~- ~~~ ~~ ~~ mmm nn nnn P61 &% 28 Sho "C0 So oe ae OT eltne | O0F sua “M 8061 (€f61 ‘Ussusydajg) 60-806 ‘9/2 0L1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 324 sadyary uoydufiny |\--------->- >> Toren Gh tugs ae ae OL OF IZ (iam | ad dart in aa II ‘sny | 702 9661 {(0gz) 8hZ-602 S11 “(CO1) Sed EN “PS “uUuy “gzGT ‘AuIoy] HUM OCU CLIN | ee aes | ase aa 09 yl hay) (eaeeeeeee eS ze PICT BURY SLOSI GAIL NT ASOT OD eer oe omiea Cera od og Gb Ok CU (OO Worn re Ie uingenqos woyduAuosiog |~-~--~~~-~--~~--=-nm eon |mmn meme nonenn 008 S80 g9 0, [trntotect etter og SACLAY UOYCULENT || — > 9 RR FR GEN | eS A oe TRESS OF gg 80 O00 OL Alia baa ar ae 62 SIGISCOLD-“RODAGUTY LOU ULLNT | Rn aE EEE OF Gr 80 QQ) 0p wilesse=anshrasSacmns eases 8% MUg.tjs ‘sadijity WoydUhny ‘ungsngos woydurhuoatog \~~~~~ ~~~ nm 09T 10 80 Sf OL [prt SEE: z Daptasogold stapwassojo) ‘sadij4ty WoydULhny ~~~ ~~~ 7 nnn OL 92 10 = ah 1a | ncaa asc aaeamearcie Soha 6% 1S10UDp 9) “IBA wunuvurbuo) ‘sadysy uoydwhny Swnjsngos woydufiuoalog |~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ Wo nnn OFI zz 80 1; a) | lneeepeaeneeeeoeietmeeoas Sei2 zz SI6I o (OPIGI ‘I9IANOG) EIGT é89q 10Nbunog fIDUPyOd-enpONDOIMOW Ye areaa anal se RRR S | SSSR a Rea 08-62 “py yeqng weqnoy away |----=7- 7-7-7 ¢cady | (1) [VAaNIDH “LAOg] GI6I Do Fd AG oe ° ‘ ° me) spruozoua4d Jo soroedg u10}}0q Jo ed, aie yideq “Buoy “N ‘387 916d maar (BPIGI ‘91AN0g) EI6I ‘vUDAThig penuryu0j—]] AIAVL XIGNGddV ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 325 SULOYDT ins HOON 9QuiyL FO ~~-qidg yoouuvyeddey YO ~~ “gurog uorejue[d JO cE > A qulog Apurg YO [AVG TAVAdvVsaHO] 46 FL OL 0S OT LE co OT 92 Gl 0% LE c& 8T 18 Sh 60 9% eo ¢¢o 8 OS GP 8& € I8 OS GP 0& Lb 18 00 ST ¥G ¥ 0& & I8 O& LI ¥ Go 8o 8 So 16 ¥% 00 O08 $8 0& GE 62 cI 99- 8 OL 8F 62 $1178010949), 309770017109 tt ieee of late) oe oe 80 ‘83 SNAIOONSTUAIDDDOTO OWL 3s teat ae aed © a gl er ee wets ae 18 ‘GL DROURRIANUT Ws ee ee ea a op 8 CI SNtend snjhzvpoIdOUuy ||" srantael io ol te te ee GL oP SHROUD BUsNUCHING 4" ae ee ay LL BLD ITUTEQUOMLLTUTIVIB RUDY, Ble a oa G’g DINING LOLULN TRUDI A ee a ee ae c'6 SULDIRUL SNA IODNOIOUIL pt one ten nan Senne a eee a Tne an aes SPUD UIST DOTCOW RD. Ieee rs not eee ee er Bae ia ee WL SPUD IRI ODO] OW pales ee a ae eee eae L Up fLarplopeysacualocy: i|\scce ets eee ee ee alee eet ee ee 90 UOT UL ULOULULEN aloha dag Pisa, Le ee mae en LET DINITNNOL Bap UaseOjOoDilacy ||" oso: aoe 1 i) Sula AL Al bake) ee 86 BUILDIR UI S707 [e710 POT LOU pal eam ae ee eae 6 SUUOSUU RTE JOU POLO pallies a mene ne ae an eae g OZ-L06I ‘YN Ysiy ARID IUD LOUCAWENT Wien San ea a Pte 6 taeda oe eed 09 BOLE DUOMLONLUL ENA) Sak a one waa yk san dls ec Game I OF PRU TED OT LOUCULINT dls at fog ge ee ed ee £6-28 $11780.110U0] sisdowayng |~~~~~~~ ~~ Ul “ys | 06'E 8LE DIQvIs DYaYyIP ‘a8inj1.Hu0}2 ‘(a70100]6) sadisso1h uoydwfiny |~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ S| 64°0 SP-OP og ZO 19 86 IPF 9F ly 10 19 8h OF OF OF £0 19 && Gh OF so Ig 69 Sp 80 LP Sp 96 19 06 90 LF (‘UINI0Od ‘siod ‘UBUISJUNF °H “Vy Wo eyep UONeIS SZPET SAVITID) LIGI ‘e2Uulg SI6I Boe te oe ra 61 ‘AON pam iS SSS FI ‘AON 6061 4161 8688 2888 TP88 9288 1Z88 9098 TPES TSéL €66L 8864 S8SL E861 6262 10éL 8PIL VOL, 97 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM 326 1aansb WoydUhry |~~~~~~~~ RarsanessG g “un |----- 700 - 26-02 HELLA TE) HIG © | (SSS hg |---------------- StI wnjouboo UwoyduULhi ny Peg: ca a8 "pi Ghyy || B2 ooo Sa 8I yaanib uoydufiny |~~---~-~ He SSIS ES g |---------------- lp DjOIUadD snydUiysoosy “yaans6 UOUGUUEND Nessie a ae g |---------------- 0Z wnyouboo woyduLfiny |=~ 7 >= 77mm a error 29 DSOULOSIND DUT in cet a seo eae oa nee sur [777-77 o-oo ost DIDULYOI DyaYOP |~~ A ae ee 08 NaansB Woyduliny | ====22=-55555552-5- wi 's |----- 77-77-20 Ost TaGTMOMUOUQUUA NTA pcg cecns wanes or eal SSeS a aaa 08 unsojnpou wnuobounig |~~~~~~~-~--- ~~~ as “ur [ooo Ost 1aansb woyduhiny yaans) Woydinhay \-----~ anon pcr crcrennree OF NaATsD UOYMULANy \p-- 99-5 wi |--77----- 777-7 - ep DeNUtas stop | By peg |r aanennnmenen nerd pt -aUiea--— =~ DSOUNLO Sap UA iene ag |ronec rnc enn 6g DIOMNUWALD SNYyDUhysOISPy |~~~ ~~~ ~~ - Seuy|pass-eeeosaoo 08 DSO -uids siapung {nyoutyoa Dyayoy ‘sisuarpisspum snphjgoopojdoup |-~~------~-~----~ Pr eee ont HIDUNjINNVAYOP Nes ce eee OST-OFT SisuaijissDi snyhzoopoydowpy |~~~~~~~~- ~~~ SEL ics-(0(e| (eee eee --| geT-0et Do 849)0 spluosouodd Jo sojosdg 1110}}0q Jo od4,L, es qydeq panna nnn nnn nnn nnn nn nn | nn nner nnn apa naan an |b eb sb ane -| oo ASE BB ANE a] eo ooo nn 9% ysnany 1S 6 OS™ gna eee ees oo 6 | of Ie Fl ea soay 1y 08 6 (0) Rony 2 ag lb Riches ee 82 ysnsny | IITAXXO og #8 6 Ofc 2be dno le eee a 2 OD ace IXXO OL So 6 Qe O ets ee ake are eae SEO OF 2 6 (9) v(t 2a | Saat ~~-gz ysnsny | IIIAXO 9661 ly 6 08—08—08~|-======= 8 roquieydeg | ITTAOX OSPESOMO Le | OSM cs O Gee nae men cen ¢ loqmieydeg | IOX OF so 6 GO) GSE) Onsite tees ¢ roquie}dog | IIIAXX XT Or 99 6 LGR OG onl eeasoass % toqmieydeg | TIXXXT OP IF 6 OR TS 0G hae aaa sere OD iam TX 0g 9¢ 6 Te Obealitess aco Te qsn3ny | XXX'T TUIXXT Of &F 6 Oe. 08? Obs pease eg ysnany } TIX X'T c% 8h 6 GO) Re OSI os ee ae a ss og sh 6 | OF #8 a ee Aine | ITAXT $4661 90 #% 8 5 (Goan Sel | Raa ro SSeRee #Z eunt | ILAT 90 99 ZL COR er eGent saan roars Pr ounr | ATX Tg ge 2 Ci ogee palit eal Siete ac goung | I1IXXX re 2 OG ribo! -Ooelsassas roa og Ae | IXXX Té6I Fag ree eaesciaeal | Gas hae ok | mae on 2 Sine | xXx co Lk GOPspGmalib a> 2 2 kG LEU | odo oe “mM $261 “i 4 ° “é ‘ ° ‘U0 NGeT ove worn (6261 ‘48Z6I ‘SZ61 ‘URMOT) 92-EZ61 ‘NVoUUDA penuryuoyO—TT ATAVL XIGNAdd Vv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 327 10.98 ‘sadisso16 ‘sadisry woydwhay \--~ 77> - 77-4770 ot SOT 88 69 LS cfg Vs peal ene rea: bT ysnsny | LOL paprosoqold ‘njsnbup stapuassozog “wnjz ~bl4as ‘supbaja “ions woydwhry “wnjysngos uoyduhiuoalog |~~~~~~-~~-~~---~~= ~~ === oc ZL9 OL FZ VIPS BLS ede, een ane A) ae 66 unpisas *sadyjury woydUfiny \~~~~~~>>> 70-7 Aa 7 90 ‘I— 062 Tt | BSC aet Gb fA | “ees eae §ysnsny | 16 wnjsngos woydufiuoasog |~~~--~~~~7777 7777777777 F'0- G18 9F 89 90-80 — 2h | o eee g ysnsny | $6 paprosoqgold *nysnb “UD Slapuassoj0D “wos UOYdWANT wunjsngos UoyYduiwoalog |~~~-~~-~ ~~~ 7 >>> 77-7 m =~ P= 062 €l ZL COOL shear. ac a DDiclpee: 18 sadisso1b ‘sadiyary woyduiiny |~~~-~ 7777777777 e1- O8-08T 9 «89 Cet 2e all Saag rs Sore F Asnsny | 9g wngsngou woyduhuossog |\----~---~~--------~----- 10 06F Ir 99 (aA) 8 | ate aaa Tasnsny | 1g 81790910919 agayoophipwog |~~~~~~ 7777777777 40 Ost aI 29 G0! 2 Goi 4 || \Wesmtemnanic ea og Aine | e2 110.178 ‘sadisso1h WoydwANT |~~ ~~~ 2 72722222 D0— £2s 9€ 6¢ SO OR Cie ia wenn een Op 7203 g9 DISNHUD Siapuasso70D /81yj0910ALq aZaYyIOPAp4OD |~~ ~~~ ~~~ === 77 ¢ ‘0 0sg 80 8g a 3A 9 een a 8z Aine | +9 ANOLON; WOYMMAN, |~~~ ~~ 222222522272 LT 0ze GZ 8g CON, GR O68) 4:\oens cacuens eae br Alne | Tg wnLoDU ‘wnussisourds woydufny |-~~~~--~--~ >>> 777m GPO 089 OF 2g TO £000 li oss eran € Ajo | 6g S1upnamaeUaywdopnasy \~ ~~ T TTT [ole ES ee ees GV | 606 ean mens gT ounf | 62 Dauvgjp9 sisdouayjogd |~~~~~-~~-- ~~~ (orsepod) | 6°T oss % 00 9¢ (i) Sita an eta tal osetia PI oun | 7 subbdaja ‘sadiqary woy@winy |-~- ~~~ 7-777 T ttt 8% Fle rE 9g Ure til Speer eer ee g oun | PT Dawpov9 sisdowapjDg (A0} o1sefed dood) | 009 ‘g LT 1¢ CONDE | € 0unt } OT “M 861 (C861 ‘uesuoyda}sg) gzél ‘Quay 7poH BE eo ee ee ee ed Coe aE Ee CU FY TO EE 1 SCE Pe et ERIE BER ae. $979Y00}d 97 ‘ULNZDIIIS WOYMUAAT |\~~ ~~~ ~~~ = 72 nna) nnn nnn SEI-02T LT && Qn Sens €¢ ounf | OPE acl 661 (S86T ‘uesueydajs) 2761 ‘740L uUDYyor ULnpotias ‘1u9.498 ‘sadisty WoYMWUhiay |\-~--- ~~~ ~~~ > hatter ica stnteerorens 20% Zé 9g OS, COlpl iia tim reat 2@ ounft | €9&Z Dapiosoqgoid siapuas -$0]09 “817]091094Q azayoojipsog <1wo.4ss ‘sadisso16 woydwhyy \------------------------ Lb% 868 og 2g (Uo) | aR 92 ounf | 198% Dysnbun svapuas -80J09 -81]001HW0) azayoojipsoy swnwissisourds wuoydufiay |\------------------------ ZI" 09F LE 9g LE OD! Jace cena: count | OPE UTUUAREIBOU CB U0 GRWIUN (> nas Suga aes cons ae ae |ee en ee 06F 90 #9 Sf es ee age oak 0@ oun | 8EE% 986T (€861 ‘Usesueydaqg) eZEl ‘Dung PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 328 PHOS ANROMUMT ts | eas ae eRe eS | Ian ee 88 60 62 SP 20) ai Saas eee teen ¥% “sny Dapiasogold 81apuassojoy ‘ ‘opidsiy aphahing “unjostas ‘sadisso16 ‘assppaaiq woyduhny |~~~~~ ~~~ Bia te 1e-FS cL 6L OF 99 |r7rtttttotooen- eee el ‘any ppidsvy apha g -hingy ‘sispynaia auayndopnasd ‘sdoyvbau ‘sunbaja woyduhiny \~~~ ~~ > nnn 18-28 10 08 ep 99 |------------------ ZI 8ny ppids1y apha hang ‘sivas auayodopnasg ‘sunbaja ‘sad1sso16 woyduAiny \~ ~~~ ~~ nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn = 08 Of 900 [--tea Oo ‘any NILJUA OM Wwe a | en ae ae eee aes TORUOIO GL. GARG) GeIUNC |: os a a eee 3 any NISVG XOW L661 [dxq—puey uyegq—uieujng] sadisso1h woydwyy ~~~ nnn ne pues] puejequmyysony |-------------------- ‘gny RAC LRRO UD TON OUCRNE A akc gsi Gee eae | aa Cena a SOR eee eee HOO O[AULAT CG seas ae zz Aqne SULoyOy [ANVINAGADH “MNI 9661 (dew yiIM—eepel ‘YJodspoy) Aassiu0py “Wy a7 ‘1P-9261 ‘Nese “Vy “y ‘de unjzwL1as ‘sadizany UOYMULAAT |~ ~~~ ~~ nn 8°¢ 021 l& lb Co ORa Sa hoa ene OL YO | 881 SUA LOU ULENT Nie ec een OOR59 G8 Ties = tee =e S| Sas See are ag oo LI ‘ydeg | 9991 [N 61 99] Laps UOYdWAN -wnjsngos woyduLhuoalog |\~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 9‘I- 00%-L "Pg Jojoxg ‘peoy sseujoy, |~--~--~------ ">= “11 4deg | W99T S)JOIIAA1g aqayoopApLlog “wnjsngos Uoydwuhuoasog |~~~~~ ~~~ 0- 009 ‘T 8r 09 90) Bh 29. \itemegpe- ee €1 ‘4d9g | ZOT S1qjoI1aa Lg ayayoophipsog “1un9.1j8 WOYdUfiny |~~~- ~~~ co % OF FL 3g IN 380) |, SiS See Zr “3dag | OIL 810910019 azaynopipsog |~~- 90'T G89 £0 gS CH OL bss ia os a g¢ -4dog | err vaplosoqold *njsnbud Siapuassojoy “wiosjs voydwhiny .wnjysngos uoydufuoasog \~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ 7777 F'0— 089 00 LL CL, SPL: Wtgzarrecaeal oe 2z ysnsny | Isl 1UL0.198 UOYTWAN “wnysngol woydushwoaiog |~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 5‘0— O19 TO 18 TA OL. Ne onsen oe ae op--~"| 611 sadipity WoydUhAy |~~~~ ~~~ 7 £0 I— 08 €¢ 08 BO. Oi Mvcirsce rope er Senet LT ysnany | 9IT s140)nNI.119 auaqyodopnasg -supbaja ‘sadisry woydufiny |~~ ~~~ ~~~ yO G8 02 9L OP. SOL ic Sa a eae op" ~~~} FIT paplasoqoid ‘DjsnbHuD siapuassoj0y -wn4q -pisas ‘unos ‘sadiysuy woydwhny “wnjisngos uoydwfhuoasiog |\~~~~~ ~~~ 777777 ¢‘0- O8¢ SI #2 Pes Aina oe coe oe ae 9 ysnsny | ZIL tore Slayayy “M 8661 A ut 4 ° “a / ° sprmogouaAd Jo saved uloyjo0q Jo edAy, Peigsanie yideq “gu0'T NBT alec eared ponuyuojy—se6l Q2DYIPOH penuyuo)—IilI ATaVL XIQGNUddVv ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 329 ALCTOTETUQO LF RLOYOAILILOB IDET. a a re fa palo josog ay 7778-77-22 FS | 9861 ANVINTIID "AN sadisso1b woyduiiny |~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ RG eee eo cae oe 021-89 A Gp) (9) o:|posaeeas ease Fsny ee ee a a peers 00z-0S1 og BL Gane ps op---~-| ag sadiuids auayndopnasg ‘sunbaja ‘sadijsy woydwiay |----------~----------- ie aie celal OIZ-OFT 0g gt el e‘3ny | 2 SS6I VON WOU NT et SSE ay wea |e Cae ae ee ee O8> en eee ee TS POOH Ati anes tee eee € “ydag ISIDRAAAQ UOYMUL AT (peeves SuIeOg W017) GZ G8 | OD G0 elt Sa. = eae optars € ‘sny | &S6T [dxq 399]}4eq-sso1010N7] Coe OR TT OTS Via a a ee i ae cael ay ia eas ae et pueaareg ‘yelpoysey |----------------- gz ‘sny AQUA UOUDULIENY [orn oo ma = 5 TSS SSS RES SIS OR SEE SR ARS SE rat cp 89 | Ze gy [rotten op----- SC FSYOLD SUOUMULANT Wen ore eats eee ono aa oe Ne ee el ee cee PUdTReOUDuda ass> Se 1z Sng GNVINGIUD “AN SE61 POGAIARY MOUCULEN DE Space he” a5 ey" Poe ae al beg me eoe ars OZ1 8G LI PO. eh |" cE aes Cee oe Aine Ra CLUUOS ALENT Ae a os aaa oo ees eI ea eo 001 -9F 0& 91 LCN Cn | Remap acne 62 Ane TS6T SO TIE LON ULNA) a ee lr no a SOS | eae SF mee HNVSIe psy 0-5 e —0g “3ny BUOISSOIDONUUUEAT A cs ona ae eae eal hae eed Ce Oneal ee S DIOl ACOA S IG) el pac ate en aerate z Arne ANVINAGUY “W OS6I opidsiy aphohang ‘sunbaja ‘sadissos6 woydwfiny |~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ 7-777 Tesi Algo ee ae Ble ee ODF isrdic cece sie ae gz “any SEMNPNDUD Dia URUDNOS TA Gah os oo ea a ae Resog ets ele aan Oba al os an cz ‘sny S1IDINIL9 auazodopnasg ‘supbaja ‘sadissos6 woydwfiny |~- ~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~ 77777 nnn ogee «Sl i oe eee bee OD ae i a ees ca/re “SNY EONS | aid Seale eas alas |Ine ea Sa See VOR sae ulseg xOg ‘103080 +|--=----------- an Ti PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 330 Unjossas *‘sacdiysty WoydULAry sadyjay UoyduULhny sad1sso1b WoydULh ry S1LDNIM9 auazvdopnasy sadiuids auayndopnasy sadisso1b ‘sadujuy uoydus ling sadvuids auayodopnasy sadisso16 WoYdUANT sadysy UoyduLhrny sadyjary woydufiay |~-------------- S(olierh oot sadisso1b ‘assppjaaig ‘sadijity woydu hry ppidsry aphohing s1injnjia auajypdopnasg ‘sdoppbau woydury sadizity woyduUhay SLiDjnaiia auapzjodopnasg ‘sadisso.16 ‘asinjiaaiqg wvoydUiny sadsso16 woyduhrT wmnjo.ias ‘sunb -a1a *sadisso10 ‘sadysiy uoydwany Swngsngos woyduhuoasog Sadilty WoYdUh py sadissos woyduULhry sdopphaw *wnjosias ‘1Jaznps ‘asiojieasq WOYMULA AT sadisso1s woyduUiny WNQDILIS WOYMUAAT sptmoso0udAd Jo saraadg 10}10q Jo 9dAT, penuyw0)—I] 170340 ye ‘dura, fo Ales xo | ODE ico tt tr ean TOD Ree ieee YOOY [BOIWOD IN |7-7-- 77" - 7-7 > gzy AE | sz ANVIN@GIUD “MN Ov6L [ GRIMeSRRD Oper f ree e "8s any |! SIS Speen a ei Obes)... oo OD Siem LOIS [Chilean ABs RP yar |} 802 SS See ea OPS i, eee saanaOs th eeingpasay Shee See OPS Fale 55) 12 erage OD ies se ht PS 7 Sp ae Teele edyO [F995 >= Op aie | 96E ae ti QW Gn Fs ae ae FOL 0€ 29 iS ot | cca Mies ance a | 2 '3ny | 99T ANVINGAUDH “Gg 6561 Ree Le eon baa te a ee 8 ‘sny | OFT so hee OD geass Ch, Le allie ca 5 ane sae ave OGL GEA Lome ea ee (O} eae se Gel A okcw eb Ppe Soe blige We) ed eee nO Dima mar eT: cs OD ae GPa: al oe ie poe ae OO en eae ACT Hh SS Op-=-~ 961 *punog MOSTYN IL OF--1g-- [Pa L°3ny | FOr og 29 | SO OLE Pies: Soe weer og 62 Amne | 94 ANIVNEIUD “MN 8861 | PE PUB OUI TO NT p= ee ees L‘sny | 6F iy Saari erm oo Sees ODES arc phase ie Saenceees O Daan NG mm? 00) 6:47 £@) 70) ap Jopuseoliy, <6) lOMuier sone == ae aaa aaees Z‘sny | 1% CPL lees ett oe eae 8% 4qne Lge] ANVINGIUD "MN “M “a 4 ° a ° ‘Bu0T ‘NIT ayeq aorena ATaAVL XIGNHddV Vig UOUMUNNT (leet = ese ee fis ees | HOG. eo alt daqant) ‘sefostd S{O4T, Aine $1ajayy BG6L QdUIIMET 4S JO FIND Ul ‘ZEST ‘OUIBIMOJIIT “D “19D ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 331 wngossas WoYdUhny |~~~~- 3 | 0'%— cL 12. 28 OF: 99) 1 s2-° "> Sea a “Sny | Te sadyayy Uoydwmhny | ASIESULDH erect arias 981 06 M019 77> iT VeV-ie A gt sny | 61 (egpeL yodspazq) uoIpoedxyg sepoysty Avg uospny—OEe6l ‘oUsAqnoT paunavo sisdouayjogd \~~~~-- YAO Oa 000 -— lS 0 az aunt | 902 ION DULLLIGIDUL SLaPWASSOJOQ \~ ~~~ FEE | ASTER L-S 16 oor ‘T “Shitat h OlOd]O BpNUeg | gounf | 291 I9N ‘SIL “4S [M09 138d deep] 6361 s(UassipDj{y BN) GZEL ‘449190 [VI1B0]007 Y1OX MON Q810 7D WOY WOPDUAT | Gd artWqs | ----~-ER--FFS Keg souéyadaig |--7772277777 SF cate ae i Iver sadissoL OUD OLIN |e Oro. - lic eae we Gp w=" |-ec-o Arne | £9 “M 9661 Do Led AM “ ‘ ° “ ‘ ° (ZPEL ‘9BCq) 9E-GEET ‘491882, -240p09yT JUAPISIAd CUTE IEA AYU ell | aia cata felabie ete ceieecko | tae epee ae pac drieercit | nai cic can elias ool OTIDS OT oane onan: cane bI “AON | (9) MLDPDUGUCMENTSIRATIY anihhase aliiodald val linehntl Ole bt aces ABA ABABE | 9 ss £1 “AON | (F) [1voaNnagsg] HIN WOUAMNE ee eee (A Rae || Paneee nao SOIOUSTO BLA |~-~- ~~~ > “——"“"g "AON | (8) TAGTID ONC NT Alias 3 SSS Pe es ee Pik O00 (IPE ees ae ace Opes Sh See T “AON | (2) ORUADIUONTULINT NG => oe ee, SB Gl kas ee te | a he ce peep JoUIvp) JO*S | T ‘AON-Te “920 | (1) SULOYJOT (oxo 4d Ory] 9861 (L861 ‘ABI1D) SE6T ‘40700407 PTOI RCACLEUNUEY TL: Gl) ee || 1 ma 008601 ST 18 G9 | Zh 62 a Bed tee PoE og ‘AON | 82 96 ZE G9 0§ 2 8I ANpaBUOUOROUIUary ta eee aa ee ee ee G82 &h 82 VOC ea a ee ee €°G90 | 0962 8S61 DNVUAUL SDIGNOWD Sta puassO{O~)) \cas5 castssecesewaceaea lice Ge-SOT ‘T GO 89 G0). Ob-d/ Fiesta sata 9z Ainge | (&) 6561 DIeSO/OIe AD UAESOIO | abies Bi we oe ee nal eee = saa ac SOI ‘T OF 2 Cher LE. i) Sain eee Be €‘sny | (2) 8561 DISCO OD SIS DUOC OID rea sae gees cL a | ae ee ee a ee OF9 go TL SGn- O85 eaten. ee sale It ‘sny | (1) SULOYIDT DULG OTUUESTO DULA RE 010.0) ella net aan me ama aaa | ein ie a 000 ‘T cc 1OQBl OU JIN, | --- FI “Ady | 2 $19J9T “M 4557 48———12 (deur ypIA ‘OPE ‘2dVYD 2 eIep UBIqqIIVD)) OP-LEGT ‘S27U072V HOUDINI EN IODPOIGOUY Nic eee on a aegis en ee Re [s}001 oAOISUBUT] ‘ST UIZITA ‘XIOID “4g [77-7777 OL “Idy | ze 746333 LE6l “dxq Ppjoj, IVF -UvIUOSyIMS PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 334 “SUNIL 680'T 18 (A oF 88) “O of 9’ JO oNyes0d U0} 8 OpN[OUl Bore OAOGe O44 WON vyep efdureg “M PEoh9 “SUO[ “N ,ZToSE “FEI ST OfOIL sty} Jo 103000 OY, J, 9“BPNUIIIG YO SUOT}VAIOSGO VAISUOJU] JO O[OIO O[JUI-g 94} UIGIIM poyoe[[oH + "TZ61 ‘sonbiydeiso1pAY se[euuy 94} UT S4stl W017e4S §,J001BYO WO] Po}jTMIO O18 SUOT}BIS Je[MOI}Ied osoy} SoOUSploUloD Addevyun oulos Ag » “syydep 9soq) 78 sfney jou-M0} Juosoldel Av Ao, ‘“suoupoeds 044 YIM S[9qe] 944 WOT ore poyoyoviq JOU 9soy} ‘(F261 “OSA “ING “§ “A IMA) ..PUlBIAL JO FN oy Jo AydessouveH [eoshyd,, 8, Mopesig *d “AH Ul WOT sv ‘suOI}B}S 94} 4B 110}40q OY} JO ESO} O18 SesoyyuoIed Ul syzdOp 9U,L, p *xOpul 04} WOdy Pe}JIULO Meeq SAVY SpIOdel OSOYT, “A ,AT.9Z “N sM0o1d St MOITA “Joquinu yey} Jo WOT}e4s O06 849 JOJ plode1 poyst[qnd ey} JIM 90188 JOU S8OP (NGI) 9¢4 WOI4e4S ‘sIO1Ie [voIydeis -Od £4 [B1BACS BIB O1OY,[, “SP1ION9I OSeq} JO JSOUI 0 SIOQUINU UsIsse 0} e[qIssodul ue0q sey 41 couey ‘peysitqnd useeq you SAB Spi0001 101}84S OJO[duUI0D ‘A[oJvUNyIOFU, +*eq 07 qvodde si10q}0 04} pure ‘su0T}eyS sing Janyotpy A[UTe4100 O18 BYBP O1N}LIOd UIE} OpNoUl WoIyM Aj[eogioeds ore suOT} VIO] OY} SOMITJOTIOG “sung JaDyovr OY} AQ OpevUT SUOT,09][00 HO APQIed peseq ‘puelsoy pue ABMION JO spruosouoAd UO sz10dei s,uosusyde}g MOI poyidu10g » ‘sioded siq Ul pepnypoul you ejep [euorIppe sulA[ddns pue 9[qe} 04 Jo qed Si} 3U1}001100 UT GDULISISSG SIY OSPO_TMOMYIV 04 PVs Ue T Pus ‘SJSI[ HO1}BIS [VUTSTIO 04} 4SUTese Uosuoyde4g 10400q 248] 94} Aq Pe}001I00 104B[ OIOA SP1OD0I OSOY,T, “S9}ZVP 10 s19qUINU WO1}ejs OpNjout Jou pIp sieded snorwea s,Wesueydejg Ul sp10d01 04} JO AUB, g ‘UBIPMOM YOIMUIAIH 0} Pey10ATIOO 180q, OAeY SOPNIISZUO] OY, “ULIPIou siieg 94} WO posed oie SuOT}ISOd S,10IANOg ‘poje4s Os Jou YsnoyITY ‘S}Joyoviq Ul PozVoIpUl oe SIOqUINU S,JeIANOG “(GOT WOT}eIS) DyvU2Y9a DYQaYO! IO} SUIOY ILI G66‘T JO P100e1 [esshqe Uv PU (6 WOTZV4S) “OM GT JO 9INyeIOd UI} 010940q B YIM SULOYIV] 96 18 DISNHUD Stapuassoj0D IO} p10001 B SB Tons ‘sat}Ipansq*e JsojtuvwM ouros poonpoid ‘p10001 101}84S OT} JO SOUT] SUOIM OY} SUIPBOI MOI BIVpP SIY PeATJep oY 4ey} WoT}1soddns 04} WO ‘sIOqUINU §,JOIANOg Y4IM 9918e VJBp 94} OYvUI 02 JYduU19})8 WY ‘“sioquUIMU 0T}e}s JEp[O oY} PoUsissvor AVY J ‘3091100 Og 0} U199S TOATS BBP 10440 PUB SUOT}ISOd oY} SB YONUL -seuy *(Q9T61) Joded Jol1ve S,JoTANOg YIM ‘10}}eUI 44 JO ‘10 ‘4sSI] S,qyTMIg UOSIepueg esoy} [TV ‘WoAIs ore suoT}Isod oy} AUO AT[eNsN 4Nq ‘suOT}EIS SLDg JaDYoIPY SB O} P9LIOJOl WO SIOqUINU oY} YIM dose you Op (Lg6I) JOLANOG Aq WOAIS sloquInU UOT}e}s ONT, o 1aQTO LOU QIU Nie paneer aie eee ree ae a Saal Bi OOTHOG Male Heat ae. O10 9p OY BO | “E61 1040300 UNIUDANDU WOYMUMAT |-~~~-~- om mmmnnmn nnn cnn s sc sccs OOT=06 Ultan-neer cue: ourlg dep YO }--- 9e6T ‘OL “G00 (ZP6T ‘08eq) “1109 “nUepeD “WA “8E6T “9E6T “4V0SDD @ ‘ds ‘sruhisus ‘snjzua? snjhpopojrdoup ‘1qpwyos sisdouaqpg |~~~ nnn nnn nn cP 0'€0 08 GG sormlmiat eet ee “""gt ‘aer | 2-69T ore! spluoZouo4d Jo soraedg 10330q 48 odA I, Reset qided "Bu0T ea | eC mo} Ieig OF6I “UD2/0d ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 335 APPENDIX TABLE III PELAGIC RECORDS OF PYCNOGONIDS, FROM SARGASSUM IN MID-ATLANTIC Gauss, 1901 (Hodgson, 1927) Seon Date Lat. N. | Long W. Species of pyenogonids Bole Se ee ‘South of Azores’’ Anoplodactylus maritimus Timmerman, 1932—with map 1922 ° , ° ’ TSiRINOW.. 24" = 5 eae 36 26 32 19 Anoplodactylus petiolatus Sileccse GES SG oes 36 22 32 46 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 5: |SNOVi202--s522 34 25 40 05 Endeis spinosa Gul Nove 2725. 3. 5. 33 19 43 55 Anoplodactylus petiolatus; Endeis spinosa 7 fel 3s Ko ee 31 56 48 25 Anoplodactylus petiolatus SUN OVA 20 mee ee ae 30 20 53 10 Anoplodactylus petiolatus OO Novw::c03sec 2-5 s=~ 28 31 56 36 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 1923 22 PUAN ca ek 25 10 64 56 Anoplodactylus petiolatus Zoe AN 255 oo epee 27 09 61 23 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 24;| Sat 20S a. eee 29 26 57 16 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 25; || ian Fs ae ee 30 50 54 15 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 1922 AVS Oot or eee 41 00 34 00 Anoplodactylus petiolatus; Endeis spinosa ADs ate. Gast PE 39 30 34 00 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 43 |aaaee GoLite 205 40 00 40 00 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 46") soos Come Sees 22 29. 00 42 00 Anoplodactylus petiolatus ARO cte nls eee a8 27 00 39 00 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 1899 48) | (Ape Sec? peas 39 24 57 48 Anoplodactylus petiolatus 491 PAUIe 2st te ee: = 41 36 56 18 Anoplodactylus petiolatus a oe ee eee 24 00 43-44 Anoplodactylus petiolatus; Endeis spinosa Mercator, 1936 (Giltay, 1937) 1936 ont el Mars 30icc2 seen 30 11 71 08 Endeis spinosa Gulf of Mexico (Sargassum drifting ashore) 1946 ° ’ a” ° , ” Mare 252 233 #4 i= 5-- 27 50 97 02 30 | Tanystylum orbiculare 1946 Aprs,16. 398 ss: 5.35 27 52 30 97 01 45 | Anoplodactylus petiolatus INDEX TO SPECIES INCLUDED IN THE TABLES Achelia armata Bouvier. Talisman 118 Achelia brevichelifera, new species Albatross 2212 Fish Hawk 1028 Achelia echinata Hodge Talisman 113 Princesse Alice 467, 882 Vanneau xxi, xxxi, Ixxxviii Achelia langi (Dohrn) Président Théodore-Tissier 718, 741 Achelia sawayat Marcus Albatross 2379-74 Velero III A15-39, A32-39 Achelia scabra Wilson Prince 43 Achelia setulosa (Loman) Princesse Alice 1203 Achelia spinosa (Stimpson) Wilson Speedwell 291 Anoplodactylus carvalhoi Marcus Smithsonian—Hartford 37 Anoplodactylus insignis (Hoek) Albatross 2269 Blake 12 Fish Hawk 7148, 7201, 7293, 7351 Pelican 169-7 Anoplodactylus lentus Wilson Albatross 2280, 2316, 2354, 2370, 2371, 2372, 2373, 2375, 2391, 2405, 2596 Blake 10 Fish Hawk 775, 786, 1205, 1208, 1222, 1649, 1651 Pelican 169-7 Anoplodactylus maritimus Hodgson Gauss, 1901. ?University of Iowa, off Habana Anoplodactylus massiliensis Bouvier Travailleur VII-6-1881 Vanneau xxii, xxxi Anoplodactylus oculatus Carpenter Ireland Fisheries (5) Anoplodactylus parvus Giltay Fish Hawk 8826, 8887 336 7288, Anoplodactylus petiolatus (Krgyer) Albatross 2307 Timmermann 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 22, 23, 24, 25, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54 Gulf of Mexico IV, 1946 Anoplodactylus polignacit Bouvier Bache (1) Sylvana (1) Président Théodore-Tissier 729 Anoplodactylus typhlops Sars Treland Fisheries (1) Ascorhynchus abysst Sars Norwegian North Atlantic 35, 53, 205, 303, 353 Ingolf 112, 113, 114 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 13, 29 Princesse Alice 1248 Ascorhynchus arenicola (Dohrn) Vanneau xxxiii, cxviii Ascorhynchus armatus (Wilson) Albatross 2074, 2077, 2084, 2205, 2706, 2725, 2731 Blake 308 Talisman 104 Atlantis 2950, 2981, 3000, 3384, 3388, 3391, 3392, 3460 Ascorhynchus colei Hedgpeth Bache (1) University of Iowa 62 Ascorhynchus serratum, new species Albatross 2359 Ascorhynchus similis Fage Président Théodore-Tissier 758 Boreonymphon robustum (Bell) Porcupine 52, 55, 59, 61, 64, 65 Norwegian North Atlantic 18, 48, 192, 362, 363 Knight Errant 2, 8 William Barents 1878: 8, 9; 1879: 5, 6, 10 Triton 6, 8, 9, 10 Rodger, V—30, VI-25, VIII, X-24 Ingolf 8, 4, 15, 41, 101, 103, 105, 115, 116, 126, 138, 139, 140, 141, 143 Princesse Alice 952, 960, 1040 Valdivia 7 _ ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 337 Boreonymphon robustum (Bell) —Con. | Colossendeis clavata Meinert Bruce VII-13, VII-15 Albatross 2034, 2051, 2072, 2075, Swedish Zoological Expedition 2076, 2196, 2205, 2207, 2209, 2210 1899: 25, 42, 43; 1900: 16, 17, Ingolf 64 19, 20, 21, 25, 26, 27, 28 Princesse Alice 2990 Michael Sars 1902: 35, 55; 1911: 18C; 1914: 4, 56, 65 Colossendeis colossea Wilson Belgica 32 Albatross 2050, 2051, 2052, 2072, Michael Sars 1910: 70, 102 2077, 2078, 2094, 2103, 2110, Pourquoi Pas? 22, 27, 30 2111, 2115, 2192, 2193, 2195, Godthaab 81, 87, 94, 99, 112, 2196, 2205, 2209, 2210, 2217, 119, 131, 162, 166E 2220, 2230, 2231, 2530, 2532, Bartlett VIII—4-1936, 124 (1938) 2538, 2550, 2681, 2683, 2684, Callipallene acus (Meinert) 2710, 2725, 272762728; 2731; Albatross 2078, 2571 2734, 2739 Ingolf 24, 36 Blake 162, 222, 227, 305, 306, Princesse Alice 1334 339, 342 Callipallene brevirostris (Johnston) Talisman 16, 42, 46, 52, 53, 76, Fish Hawk 824, 928, 8821, 8898 147 Callipallene producta, (Sars) Fish Hawk 1123 Princesse Alice 584 Ingolf 11, 18 Colossendeis angusta Sars Hirondelle 184 Albatross 2041, 2042, 2043, 2050, Princesse Alice 515, 575, 683, 2057, 2074, 2076, 2098, 2102, 1318, 1334, 1583, 2990, 3113, 2103, 2105, 2106, 2111, 2115, 3437 2178, 2193, 2195, 2196, 2205, Michael Sars 1910: 24, 25B 2209, 2210, 2211, 2217, 2221, Atlantis (1), (2), 3990 2222, 2231, 2232, 2430, 2469, 2470, 2471, 2534, 2535, 2550, Colossendets macerrima Wilson 2562, 2563, 2564, 2571, 2572, Albatross 2072, 2083, 2093, 2115, 2573, 2575, 2682, 2684, 2706, 2205, 2530, 2538, 2589, 2678, 2710; 2711, 2725, 2731, 2732 2725, 2734 2748 Atlantis 24 Norwegian North Atlantic 31, Blake 338 137, 312 Travailleur 38 Blake 305, 308, 338 Talisman 41, 45, 81, 83, 85, 103. Triton 6, 8 (gigas-leptorhynchus: 146, Talisman 33, 81, 83, 85, 96, 98 149.) Ingolf 2, 3, 64, 70, 103, 104, 105, Caudan 2 106,, 110, 1138, ‘117; 120, 125, Fish Hawk 1096 138, 140, 141 Ingolf 11, 88 Hirondelle 161 Princesse Alice 486, 2990 Valdivia 6, 10 Michael Sars 1910: 24, 25B, 70 Swedish Zoological Expedition New York Zool. Soc., 115 1899:18; 1900: 28 Président Théodore-Tissier 534 Michael Sars 1902: 55 s ; Michael Sars 1910: 70, 102 Colossendeis michaelsarsi Olsen Dana 2346 Albatross 2072 Godthaab 64, 87, 99, 112, 131 Talisman 34 Atlantis (8) Michael Sars 1910: 41 338 Colossendeis minuta Hoek Albatross 2093, 2728, 2734, 2735 Challenger 50 Atlantis (3) Colossendeis proboscidea (Sabine) Norwegian North Atlantic 18 Knight Errant 8 Triton 9 William Barents 1878: 8, 10, 11; 1879: 6 Ingolf 116, 124, 139 Bruce VIJ-13 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 27 Princesse Alice 952 Pourquoi Pas? 25 Michael Sars 1900: 58; 1902: 35, 55, 76; 1905: 62, 72; 1914: 56. Dana 2361 Godthaab 87, 99, 112, 131 Bartlett VIII-13-1927 Cordylochele brevicollis Sars Swedish Zoological tion 1900: 17, 18, 27 Princesse Alice 997, 1040 Dana 2361 Godthaab 64, 73, 148, 160, 162 Cordylochele longicollis Sars Albatross 2666, 2667 Ingolf 27, 32, 73 Princesse Alice 922 Valdivia 10 Tjalfe 429 Dana 2361 Cordylochele malleolata (Sars) Albatross 2428, 2429, 2471, 2528 Porcupine 64, 74 Norwegian North Atlantic 290, 362, 363 Triton 10 Ingolf 9, 32, 126 Bruce VII-8 Valdivia 7 Michael Sars 1914: 74 Endeis charybdaea (Dohrn) Président Théodore-Tissier 725, 729 Endeis charybdaea bispinata Bouvier Talisman 120. Endeis spinosa (Montagu) Hirondelle 247 Fish Hawk 8841 Expedi- PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Endeis spinosa (Montagu)—Continued Vanneau xxxi, xiv, Ivii, xci, xxviii Johnson-Smithsonian 16 Timmermann 5, 6, 41, 54 Mercator IIIJ-30-1936 Président Théodore-Tissier 744, 758 Ephyrogymna circularis Hedgpeth Blake 201 Eurycyde hispida (Krgyer) Norwegian North Atlantic 290 Rodger VI-25, X—24 Princesse Alice 2534 Belgica 4 Bartlett VIII-10-1927, VIII-12- 1927, VIII-13-1927, VIII-24— 1927, VIII—26—1927, 136 (1938) Eurycyde raphiaster Loman Princesse Alice 1203 Velero III A 15-39 Reterofragilia fimbriata Hedgpeth Blake 204 Nymphon adami Giltay Mercator (4), (5) Nymphon brevitarse Krgyer Rodger (2) Ingolf 95, 96 Bartlett VIII-13-1927, VIII-3- 1933, 29 (1937), 127 (1938), 146 (1938) Nymphon cognatum Loman Vanneau xcvii, cxxi Nymphon elegans Hansen Porcupine 55 Norwegian North Atlantic 18, 31, 48, 124, 164, 262, 275, 312, 315, 343, 363 Rodger VII-30 Ingolf 15, 116, 126, 138 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 16, 21 Michael Sars 1902: 37, 55, 67, 75 Belgica 45 Godthaab 14, 99, 114 Bartlett VIII-8-1927, VIII-10-— 1927, VIIJ-12-1927, VIII- 24/25-1927, VIII-26-1927, 7 (1935), 124 (1938) Nymphon floridanum, new species Albatross 2405 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 339 Nymphon groenlandicum Meinert | Nymphon gruveli Bouvier (=leptocheles Sars ?) Vanneau Ixviii, lxxii, lxxiii, lxxxii, Ingolf 27 Nymphon grossipes (O. Fabr.) Krgyer Albatross 2062, 2260, 2521, 2525, 2694, 2696, 2699 Challenger 49 Valorous 4 Norwegian North Atlantic 31, 223, 273, 290 William Barents 1878: 3, 14; 1879: 13 Speedwell 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 22, 23, 30, 33, 37, 53, 59, 62, 63, 68, 78, 85, 86, 95, 118, 121, 124, 133, 135, 149, 156, 182, 184, 187, 189, 197, 219, 226, 227, 229, 234, 258, 277, 291, 329, 370, 371, 378 Blake 306 Rodger (2) Knight Errant 8 Triton 6, 9, 10 Princeton 26, 27, 40, 43, 49 Ingolf 2, 31, 87, 95, 121 Swedish Zool. Exp. 1900: 7, 18, 20 Princess Alice 269, 966, 970, 1048, 2442, 2455, 2634 Michael Sars 1900: 10; 1902: 34, 74, 85, 90 Belgica 4, 41 Tjalfe 40c, 397 Michael Sars 1902: 91; 1910: 102 Grampus 10013, 10019, 10037 Pourquoi Pas? 28 Prince 43 Dana 2361 Godthaab 65, 86, 107 Bartlett VII-22-1926, VIII, VIII—10—-1927, VIII—13—1927, VITI-24/25-1927, VIII-26— 1927, WVII-2-1930, VII-27- 19382, VIII-28-1932, VIII-4- 1935, 27 (1937), 49 (1937), 124 (1938), 126 (1938), 127 (1938), 146 (1938), 196 (1939), 207 1939), 218 (1939), 38 (1940), 44 (1940), 46 (1940), 57 (1940) Ixxxiii, cxviii, cxix, cxxviii, VITI-29-1936 Mercator (1), (2), (3) Président Théodore-Tissier 698, 699, 744 Casoar Oct. 1938 Nymphon hirtipes Bell Albatross 2430, 2471, 2508 Porcupine 64, 65, 78, 88 Valorous 1 Norwegian North Atlantic 48, 223, 262, 267, 270, 273, 275, 290, 326, 336, 338, 363 Speedwell 80, 81, 101, 102, 110, 112, 113, 118 William Barents 1878: 6, 8, 9, 13; 1879; 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13 Triton 5 Ingolf 27 Rodger VI-25, X—24 Princeton 39 Valdivia 7 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1899: 24, 41; 1900: 6, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 28 Princess Alice 960, 997, 1012, 1020 Michael Sars 1902: 38, 91; 1914: 6, 28, 62, 63 Miscellaneous (Stephenson), Heimdal, 1900: 14; Jovik, 1925: 26 Belgica 4, 11A, 41 Tjalfe 40c, 337, 402 Pourquoi Pas? 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 2043 Dana 2363. Godthaab 14, 86, 97, 107, 112, 114, 116, 166c, 188 Bartlett VITI-30—-1930, VII-29- 1931, VII-30—-1931, VIII-27- 1932, IX-3-1933, 7 (1935), 76 (1988), 124, 134 (1938), 146 (1988), 166 (1939), 175 (1939), 207 (1989), 25 (1940), 37 (1940), 43 (1940) Loubyrne 19 340 Nymphon hirtum (O. Fabr.?) Krgyer Ingolf 4, 9, 15, 51, 53, 54, 78, 87, 93, 98, 127, 144 Pourquoi Pas? 31, 32 Nymphon hoeki Meinert Ingolf 95 Nymphon leptocheles Sars Porcupine 47 Norwegian North Atlantic 290 Ingolf, 32, 35 Ireland Fisheries (1) Michael Sars 1901, IT; 1909: 108; 1914: 65 Miscellaneous (Stephenson), Jovik 1914: 91; Tovik and Kirkholmen 1928: 49 Johann Hjort, 340 Nymphon longimanum Sars Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 23, 24 Pourquoi Pas? 22 (var. le danoisi) Nymphon longitarse Kréyer Albatross 2212, 2696 Norwegian North Atlantic 336 Speedwell 7, 19, 23, 24, 28, 30, 31, 32, 35, 48, 47, 48, 62, 64, 65, 68, 78, 85, 86, 118, 124, 127, 140, 154, 155, 156, 158, 161, 168, 164, 182, 184, 210, 216, 219, 234, 237, 326 William Barents 1879: 13, 14 Triton 11 Fish Hawk 965 Ingolf 28 Rodger VIII-4, IX-17 (id. as microrhynchum) Prince 30, 43, 53A, 54 Princeton 389, 40, 52 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 8 Grampus 10021 Bartlett 17 (1941) Nymphon longituberculatus Olsen (=cog- natum Loman?) Michael Sars 38 Nymphon macronyz (Sars) Norwegian North Atlantic 18, 124, 137, 190, 192, 262, 286, 290, 348, 362 Knight Errant 8 Triton 6, 8, 9, 10 Ingolf 2, 4, 101, 103, 105, 116, 138, 140, 141 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Nymphon macronyx (Sars)—Continued Rodger VII-4, X-—24 Valdivia 10 Bruce VII-13 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 21, 22, 24, 26, 27 Michael Sars (b) Belgica 32 Godthaab 51 Nymphon macrum Wilson Albatross 2067, 2069, 2071, 2115, 2116, 2429, 2471 Challenger 49 Norwegian North Atlantic 296 Speedwell 38, 170, 172, 187, 188, 217 Triton 10, 11 Ingolf, 7, 25, 27, 28, 32, 55, 81 Hirondelle 161 University of Iowa between Ba- hamas and Cuba Valdivia 7 Tjalfe 367, 429, 431 Michael Sars 1900: 62; 1902: 91; 1910: 13, 70, 102 Fish Hawk 7283 Godthaab 39 Nymphon mauritanicum Fage Président Théodore-Tissier 769 Casoar Feb. 10, 1986 Nymphon megalops Sars Norwegian North Atlantic 31, 48, 200, 343 Ingolf 2, 38, 93, 143 Bartlett VIII—12-1927, 29 (1937), 135 (19388) Nymphon microrhynchum Sars Rodger VIIIJ-4, IX-17 (probably longitarse) Nymphon prolatum Fage Président Théodore-Tissier 699 Nymphon serratum Sars Valorous 1 Norwegian North Atlantic 315, 338 William Barents 1878: 9 Princeton 40 Ingolf 98, 94, 127 Michael Sars 1902: 91; 1914: 7, 65 Tjalfe 155 Princesse Alice 970 Belgica 11A Dana 2363 ATLANTIC AND CARIBBEAN PYCNOGONIDA—HEDGPETH 34] Nymphon serratum Sars—Continued Johann Hjort 340 Godthaab 97, 99, 112, 188 Bartlett VIII-13-1927, VII-28- 1937, 29 (1937), 124 (1938), 37 (1940) Loubyrne 31 Nymphon sluiteri Hoek Norwegian North Atlantic 290 William Barents 1878: 9 Ingolf 105, 116, 138 Rodger VII-30 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 17, 18, 24 Princesse Alice 1012 Tjalfe 107 Godthaab 99, 166 Bartlett 8B (1935); 29 (1937) Préfontaine, 1932 Nymphon spinosissimum (Norman) Albatross 2429, 2471, 2484, 2486 Porcupine 78, 88 Ingolf 7, 32, 33, 35 Princesse Alice 922, 1012 Michael Sars 1902: 76, 91 Dana 23388, 2346 Tjalfe 367, 369, 429, 431 Godthaab 39 Nymphon stenocheir Norman Porcupine 64 Nymphon strémi Krgyer Albatross 2046, 2062, 2064, 2246, 2415, 2429, 2508, 2517, 2518, 2522, 2523, 2666, 2667, 2669, 2687, 2698, 2703 Porcupine 66 Whiteaves 1871 Norwegian North Atlantic 362, 363 William Barents 1878: 8, 9, 11; 1879: 8 Speedwell 21, 23, 30, 32, 33, 47, DA, AIS, 127, 152), 156; 161, 164, 170, 171, 184, 191, 192, 210, 211, 218, 214, 216, 233, 234, 264, 326, 364, 365 Blake 306, 310 Knight Errant 5, 7, 8 Triton 6, 8, 9 Fish Hawk 945, 1121, 1122, 1125, 1154 Nymphon sirémi Krgyer—Continued Ingolf 2, 3, 4, 28, 32, 35, 44, 87, 106, 138 Bruce VII-15 Swedish Zoological Expedition 1900: 17, 19, 20, 22, 26, 27, 28 Michael Sars 1900: 62; 1902: 56, 91; 1903: 144; 1904: 212, 275 Princesse Alice 1012, 1020 Belgica 45 Tjalfe 40c, 107, 155 Grampus 10019 Pourquoi Pas? 27 Dana 2361, 2363, VI-26—-1925 Godthaab 65, 87, 107, 112, 119, 131, 160 Nymphon tenellum (Sars) Albatross 2072, 2111, 2471, 2528 Porcupine 51 Blake 338 Pallenopsis calcanea Stephensen Godthaab 10, 24 New York Zool. Soc., Net 206 Pallenopsis forficifer Wilson Albatross 2666, 2667, 2668, 2669 Bache (2) Blake 260, 264, 317, 318 Fish Hawk 7285 University of Iowa 56, 62 Atlantis 3469 Pallenopsis longirostris Wilson Albatross 2046, 2470, 2554, 2628, 2699, 2734 Fish Hawk 891 Ingolf 47 Prince 48 Pallenopsis oscitans (Hoek) (=longi- rostris) Challenger 70 Pallenopsis schmitti Hedgpeth Albatross 2138, 2143, 2641 Blake 10 University of Iowa, Bank Johnson-Smithsonian 78 Pelican 169-7 Pallenopsis tritonis Hoek Triton 10 Ireland Fisheries (1) Bahamas 342 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 Paranymphon spinosum Caullery Pseudopallene spinipes (Fabr.) Albatross 2203, 2214, 2547, Bartlett 1935: 7; 1939: 197, 208 2680 Pycnogonum crassirostre Sars Porcupine 17 Albatross 2183, 2185 Fish Hawk 894, 1093 Fish Hawk 945, 1154 Caudan 3, 11, 13 Ingolf 88 Ingolf 25, 94 Pycnogonum littorale (Strém) Princesse Alice 2717 hated 2055, 2062-63, 2183, Pentacolossendeis reticulata Hedgpeth 2649. 2470. 2506. 2514. 2523 Beek it Fee anra ts Cae Fish Hawk 7279 Parotgine 45 University of Iowa 64 Whiteaves 1871 Pentapycnon geayt Bouvier Speedwell 29, 32, 41, 42, 48, 187, Johnson-Smithsonian 16 188. 229 26 4 396 364 Phozichilidium femoratum (Rathke) Blake 302 "303 "304 "305 Speedwell 49, 169 Knight Fecang eet © Grampus 10037 Rodger (1) ’ Pseudopallene circularis (Goodsir) Caudan 19, 23 Valorous 1 Valdivia 3. inpolt 127 Michael Sars 1903: 139, 144; Rodger (2) — 1904: 263, 351 Princesse Alice 2534 Princesse Alice 273, 503 Saee NE iNT AG Ireland Fisheries (2), (3), (4), (6) Princeton 39, 40 Belgica 4 Pycnogonum nodulosum Dohrn Grampus 10037 Vanneau [xxx Godthaab 29b, 114 Tanystylum orbiculare Wilson Bartlett VIII-10—1927, VIII-12- Speedwell 8 1927, VIII-24/25-1927, VIII- Fish Hawk 928, 933, 934, 1041, 25-1927, 127 (1938), 135 8341, 8506 (1938), 210 (1939) Gulf of Mexico III, 1945 PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM issued A } » <2 C } i W ES SHINE GTONS “4 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 97 Washington: 1947 on No. 3217 NOTES ON SOME ASSASSIN BUGS OF THE GENUS ZELURUS FROM THE COLLECTIONS OF THE lS STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM By Herman Lent? and Petr Wyrcopzinsxy ” Turovucu the kindness of Dr. Reece I. Sailer, of the United States Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, we were given the opportunity of examining a small collection of assassin bugs of the genus Zelurus Hahn, 1826 (Spiniger auct.) from Central and South America. Three species new to science are described herein, and addi- tional morphological notes and locality records of other species are given. We would welcome any additional material of this genus for study. ZELURUS THORACICUS (Lepeletier and Serville, 1825) 1 ¢, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, collected by B. J. Hambleton on December 11, 1930. ZELURUS CIRCUMCINCTUS (Hahn, 1835) 1 ¢,1 2, Barro Colorado Island, Panama, Canal Zone, collected at light, in May 1941, James Zetek No. 4798, Lot No. 41—11389. ZELURUS COXALIS (Stal, 1859) _ 1 2, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Uhler det. Spiniger limbatus, Uhler collection. ZELURUS STILLATIPENNIS (Stil, 1859) 1 ¢, So Paulo, Brazil, collected by H. L, Parker. 1 Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 2 Instituto de Ecologia e Experimentacio Agricola, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 75744147 348 344 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 ZELURUS MORDAX (Breddin, 1903) Piats 4, Ficures 1-3 1 9, Yurimaguas, Peru, collected by H. S. Parish in March 1920. The original description is quite sufficient, but in order to facilitate comparison we include drawings of the general aspect of the head (pl. 4, figs. 1 and 2), as well as of the color pattern of the species (fig. 3). ZELURUS PINTOI (Costa Lima, 1940) 3 $4, Villa Rica, Paraguay, collected by F. Schade in October and November 1934. a ZELURUS JURADOI (Costa Lima, 1940) Prate 4, Ficures 4-7 1 2, Tumupasa, Bolivia, collected by W. M. Mann in December 1921 (Mulford Biological Exploration 1921-1922). The specimen at hand corresponds quite well with the original description. We herewith supplement the diagnosis by including drawings of the general aspect of the head as well as of the clasper and the aedeagus; the form of the basal sclerite of the phallosome is significant. ZELURUS ? BERGROTHI Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1946 Puiate 5, Ficures 8, 9 Micropterous female—Total length, 15.0 mm.; distance between points of humeral spines, 3.56 mm.; maximum width of abdomen, 5.5 mm. General color of body black. Antennae, corium of microhemelytra except clavus, tibiae except a short basal dark ring, and tarsi orange- colored. The posterior tibiae are lacking in the specimen examined. Connexivum totally yellowish dorsally and ventrally. Bristles very scarce. General form of head and rostrum as in plate 5, figures 8 and 9. Distance between eyes dorsally 114 times the width of one eye as viewed in the same plane. Jugae prominent, pointed apically. Genae rounded apically. Length of first segment of antennae, 1.5 mm.; of second, 3.5 mm. Anterolateral angles of collum laterally produced but not very prominent. Anterior lobe of pronotum with 1+1 strong, rather short, discal spines, as well as 1+1 lateral processes, which are shorter than the discal ones. Both sets are longer than the processes of the collum. Humeral angles with short, strong, acute spines (one shorter than the other in the specimen examined), their length about equal to that of the discal and the lateral spines of anterior lobe. Anterior NOTES ON ZELURUS—LENT AND WYGODZINSKY 345 lobe smooth, posterior lobe irregularly wrinkled. Median longitudi- nal groove occupying almost the whole anterior lobe of pronotum, originating at level of bases of discal spines and thus also occupying the anterior three-fourths of the posterior lobe. Distal spine of scutellum strong, acute, being the longest of all thoracic spines. Pro- sternal processes not very prominent. Legs of medium length. Femora ventrally without any traces of denticles. Spongy fossa occupying one-third of the total length of the anterior tibia. Femora and tibiae with few bristles, the length of which is not greater than the diameter of the respective structures. Microhemelytra not reaching posterior margin of second tergite; length, 2.5 mm. Dorsal gland openings conspicuous at posterior bor- der of third, fourth, and fifth segments; a small median tubercle pos- teriorly on sixth segment. Connexivum inconspicuous dorsally, dis- tinct ventrally. Median longitudinal keel and sutures between ven- tral segments inconspicuous. Locality.—Cérdoba, Argentina (W. M. Davis). The specimen differs from Z. bergrothi Lent and Wygodzinsky in pronotal and abdominal characters (these may be the result of its brachypterous condition), but chiefly in its pointed jugae, which are similar to those found in Z. femoralis (Stal, 1854). However, it seems to us to be more closely related to the former, and therefore we con- sider it tentatively as the female of Z. bergrothi. ZELURUS SALYAVATOIDES, new species Priate 5, Figures 10-12; Pirate 6, Figure 26 Female.—Length to apex of hemelytra, 12.5 mm.; distance between points of humeral spines, 4.5 mm.; maximum width of abdomen, 4.0 mm. General color of body pale yellow, partly orange-yellow, with dark piceous design on its surface, as in plate 6, figure 26; only the antennae and the third segment of rostrum uniformly dark piceous. General form of head as in plate 5, figures 10 and 11; distance between eyes dorsally 114 times the width of one eye, as viewed in this plane. Anteocular and postocular region separated dorsally by a deep transverse groove. From the center of this groove there arises another short groove directed anteriorly. Jugae and genae rounded apically, not very protruding. Color of head dorsally, yellowish; base of ocelli and the above-mentioned grooves dark brown; laterally with dark-brown stripes before and behind the eyes; the bristles are long, delicate, and erect. Length of first segment of anterinae, 1.0 mm.; proportion of seg- ments one to four, 1:3:2.8:2.4. Rostrum as in plate 5, figure 11; basal half of first segment yellow, apical half dark piceous; the apical two- 346 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 97 thirds of second segment dark-colored; the third segment entirely dark. Neck with a large dark-brown spot on its posterior half. Collum with its anterolateral angles quite salient, as in plate 5, figure 10; its color yellow, a median transverse spot dark brown. Anterior lobe of pronotum without lateral spines or tubercles; discal ‘spines very long and slender (length, 1.5 mm.), almost vertical. Color of this lobe entirely yellow, only the discal spines and their base brown- ish. Posterior lobe yellow, with brownish design as in plate 6, figure 26. Humeral angles directed upwardly and backwardly, approxi- mately as long as discal spines of anterior lobe, uniformly dark piceous. Median longitudinal impression occupying the whole anterior lobe of pronotum; the longitudinal carinae short, beginning behind the discal spines and terminating near the base of posterior lobe; the latter with very numerous transverse or irregular wrinkles. Prosternal processes distinct, not very long. Mesosternum with a median Y-shaped carina; metasternum with a transverse carina. Pleura very hairy; hairs long, delicate, and brightly colored. Sterna with similar pubescence. ~ Seutellum yellow, with a large, median, longitudinal, dark-brown stripe, which reaches and surpasses base of posterior spine; the latter is almost vertical, yellow on its distal two-thirds, and with a total length corresponding to that of the pronotal spines. Legs slender, not very long, the posterior ones the longest. Ventral face of anterior femora with two longitudinal parallel rows of small dentiform processes, a few noticeably larger than the majority; the rows begin near base and attain the apex; median femora similar. Anterior and median tibiae with numerous small dentiform processes ; spongy fossa occupying one-fourth of total length of anterior tibia. Tibia with strong dark bristles, the length of which is two to three times the diameter of said structure. Color of legs distinctly yellow or orange, with brownish annuli. Anterior and median femora with one median, one subapical, and one apical dark ring; posterior femora with one median and one apical ring; tibiae of all pairs with one submedian and one apical dark ring. Hemelytra attaining apex of abdomen; their design is shown in plate 6, figure 26. Median longitudinal keel on ventral face of abdomen attaining base of third segment. Connexival margin of second segment with a very small tooth. Delicate long hairs present, not very numerous. Gen- eral color of ventral face of abdomen pale yellow; sutures between third and fourth, fourth and. fifth, fifth and sixth, and sixth and seventh segment accompanied by a transverse dark band, bifurcate at its lateral ends, as in plate 5, figure 12; seventh segment medially U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97. PLATE 4 aie ne j] Flese 1-3, Zelurus mordax (Breddin): 1, Dorsal aspect of head; 2, lateral aspect of head; 3, dorsal pattern. 4-7, Zelurus juradot (Costa Lima): 4, Dorsal aspect of head and anterior part of prono- tum; 5, clasper; 6, lateral aspect of head; 7, lateral aspect of phallosoma. YU. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 PLATE 5 8,9, Zelurus ? bergrothi Lent and Wygodzinsky: 8, Dorsal aspect; 9, lateral aspect of head and prothorax. 10-12, Zelurus salyavatoides, new species: 10, Dorsal aspect of head and anterior lobe of pronotum; 11, lateral aspect of head and prothorax; 12, dorsal aspect of poster- ior region of abdomen. 13,14, Zelurus manni, new species: 13, Dorsal aspect of head; 14, lateral aspect of head. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 PLATE 6 Zo: 24. Zo): 15-17, Zelurus manni, new species: 15, Dorsal aspect of pronotum; 16, dorsal aspect of abdomen; 17, ventral aspect of abdomen. 18-25, Zelurus saileri, new species: 18, Dorsal aspect of head and pronotum of male; 19, lateral aspect of head of male; 20, anterior femora of male; 21, color pattern of hemelytra, male; 22, color pattern of hemelytra, female; 23, clasper; 24, lateral aspect of phallosoma; 25, basal sclerite of phallosoma. PEATE 7 PROCEEDINGS, VOL. 97 U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM ‘ayeur ‘od Ajojozy :satoads mou ‘1sapivs snanje7Z ‘37 ‘gjeur ‘adAjojozy :saisads mau ‘1wunm snanjaZ ‘/7 ‘ajeur ‘adAjojopy :so1sads mau ‘saprozvavdyys snanjaz ‘97 87 | Lz le : ae ee eee oer NOTES ON ZELURUS—LENT AND WYGODZINSKY 347 with a longitudinal dark spot. Connexivum orange-yellow, the pos- terior half of each segment dark. Locality.—Cavinas Beni, Bolivia, collected by W. M. Mann in Janu- ary 1922 (Mulford Biological Exploration 1921-22). Holotype.—Female, U.S.N.M. No. 57971. The new species is distinguished by its very peculiar pattern. Super- ficially the species resembles Salyavata variegata Amyot and Serville. ZELURUS MANNI, new species PLATE 5, Fiaures 13, 14; Prate 6, Figures 15-17; PLatTe 7, FIicuRE 27 Female.—Length to apex of hemelytra, 20 mm.; distance between points of humeral spines, 4.5 mm.; maximum width of abdomen, 5.0 mm. General form of the head as in plate 5, figures 13 and 14; dorsal in- terocular space as broad as dorsal breadth of one eye. Jugae and genae not very prominent. Head with yellowish hairs on dorsal and lateral face and a row of strong black forwardly directed bristles near in- sertion of rostrum. Length of first segment of antennae 1.5 mm., of second 6.0 mm. (third and fourth lacking). Rostrum as in plate 5, figure 14, with numerous and conspicuous black bristles. Pronotum (pl. 6, fig. 15) with anterolateral angles projecting, their tips rounded. Anterior lobe without lateral tubercles; 1+1 short and acute discal tubercles present. Posterior lobe with inconspicuous transverse wrinkles; humeral angles with short acuminate spines, which are directed laterally and slightly upwardly; these spines are somewhat longer than the discal spines of the anterior lobe and some- what shorter than the spine of the scutellum. Prosternal processes distinct, of medium length. Scutellum short, its spine acuminate, short, almost vertical. Legs delicate. Anterior femora ventrally with small spines of uni- form size, more numerous at base, continuing in a single row to middle. : Spongy fossa occupying about two-fifths of total length of anterior tibia; anterior and middle tibiae with delicate dark hairs, which are approximately as long as the diameter of the tibia; those on posterior tibiae more delicate and longer, their length surpassing the diameter of this segment. Hemelytra surpassing tip of abdomen by 3 mm.; uniformly colored, the veins on corium distinctly dark reddish. Abdomen as in plate 6, figures 16 and 17. Locality. Tamir Bolivia, collected by W. M. ‘Mean in Decem- ber 1921 (Mulford Biological Exploration 1921-1922). - Holotype—Female, U.S.N.M. No. 57972. The new species is obviously very similar to Z. sagazw (Breddin, 1903) but can be distinguished by the absence of lateral tubercles on 348 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL, 97 anterior lobe of pronotum and the presence of ventral spines on the anterior femora. We take pleasure in naming this species for the collector. ZELURUS SAILERI, new species PLATE 6, Ficgusges 18-25; PLATE 7, FIGURE 28 Male.—Length to apex of hemelytra, 17.0 mm.; distance between points of humeral spines, 4.5 mm.; maximum width of abdomen, 5.0 mm. General color of body dark piceous, shining, dull on hemelytra; yellowish spots and stripes on the external margin of corium, on the connexivum, on the ventral keel of abdomen, on the apex of pronotal spines, and more or less distinctly on femora and tibiae. General form of head as in plate 6, figures 18 and 19; distance be- tween eyes dorsally about equal to two-thirds of the dorsal width of one eye. Jugae and genae rounded apically, somewhat salient. Length of first segment of antenna, 1.8 mm.; the proportion of seg- ments one to three, 1 : 2.8 : 2: % Rostrum as in plate 6, figure 19. Neck rather elongate. Collum with its anterolateral angles not very salient, rounded apically. Anterior lobe of pronotum with its lateral tubercles very small (pl. 6, fig. 18), not very distinct; discal spines long and acuminate, yellow on apical two-thirds, almost vertical, not much longer than humeral spines. Pronotum dark piceous. The following parts yellowish : Spots at the base of anterolateral processes of collum; on anterior lobe of pronotum; lateral carinae, lateral tubercles, discal spines, and discal carinae; on the posterior lobe; lateral margin, humeral spines, and posterior third of the median longitudinal ridge. Posterior lobe with transverse wrinkles. Scutellum with a long apical spine, directed backward, longer than discal spines of anterior lobe of pronotum; its apical half yellow. Prosternal processes not very salient. Anterior tibia with two rows of spines along the ventral surface of the apical three-fourths. A few of the spines are noticeably longer than the remainder (pl. 6, fig. 20). Middle femora of the same type. Anterior and median tibiae with numerous small spines ventrally. Spongy fossa occupying one-third of the total length of anterior tibiae. Femora with three irregular yellow annuli, one basal and two subapical. Tibiae entirely yellowish, darker basally and apically. . Hemelytra slightly surpassing apex of abdomen. Abdomen ventrally with long and delicate hairs, longitudinal keel attaining the sixth segment, accompanied by a yellow stripe becoming more distinct and larger at the base of each segment. Connexivum ventrally with small yellow spots on the suture between the segments. NOTES ON ZELURUS—LENT AND WYGODZINSKY 349 Clasper simple, with bristles of moderate size (pl. 6, fig. 23). Basal sclerite of phallosoma of aedeagus as in plate 6, figure 25; phallosoma distally with an interior, transverse sclerite. Female.—The only female at hand differs by the following char- acters from the typical male: Pronotal spines longer; yellow design on all parts of the body much more distinct and extensive. Hemelytra attaining apex of abdomen. Ventral keel of abdomen attaining seventh segment. Localities —Chaquarapato (2,300 m.), Ecuador, collected by G. H. H. Tate on April 5, 1922 (male, holotype); Balrahamba, Ecuador, collected by F. Campos (female, allotype). Holotype and allotype-—U.S.N.M. No. 579738. This species seems to be related to Z. tricolor (Lepeletier and Ser- ville, 1825) and Z. melanochrus (Stal, 1872) ; it differs from both in numerous details of its pattern. We take great pleasure in dedicating this species to Dr. R. I. Sailer, who has done much to help us with our work. LITERATURE CITED BREDDIN, G. 1903. Siidamerikanische Raubwanzen. Societas Entomologica, vol. 18, p. 114. Costa Lima, A. M. pa. 1940. Sobre as especies de Spiniger (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 35, pp. 1-123, figs. 1-17, pls. 1-10. Haun, C. W. 1835. Die Wanzenactigen Insecten, vol. 3, 114 pp., 36 pls. Niirnberg. Lent, H., and Wyeopzinsky, P. 1946. Contribuicio ao conhecimento do genero Zelurus Hahn (Spiniger auct.) (Reduviidae, Hemiptera). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, vol. 43, pp. 205-269, figs. 1-93. LEPELETIER, A. L. M., and AUDINET-SERVILLE, J. G. 1825. In Encyclopédie méthodique. Histoire naturelle, Entomologie, vol. 10, pt. 1, pp. 1-344. STAn, CAR. 1859. Synopsis specierum Spinigeri generis. Stettiner Ent. Zeit., vol. 20, pp. 895-404. 1872. Enumeratio hemipterorum, 2. Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 1-159. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1947 | OT 208 och cron exam | te ae eas aime. 2m 2 organi Tenboal imuae Vr. .adctolds. tol age gate: Resits ot hence: pa atlog Rb axoaeey: eh ehenandl Wary ae a ‘{e Ps if .O vd betoallos zobsaot ,{.cr 0082). “otaegercasnpadO—i9 Toba wdovidenles (oqutoteid bwin), C6Og, CTtagua i . eulfowiahs By ORF nated y fart Lee (aq vito! ba: poland): gy ats, EY ais hahaa (Vey, che’ vo Gh OT GK, "MPa thee he ora sia bis o#98,b 118 aridolacurt aoliorth..,03,bibsloredrot id ella rh ine sod. onus, fT Ais ARTA bite): sithvanabacnu® Bits | A Paks ty: ST dargaliy nl hi, ertitb hy Li Ly ornteitag att toved et etalive, ACL 04 ainne iris inidnoiial | i wissane. thet aalok OE oasis) hy Rut Wickens ‘amorsbdive argh cdulomes wtdbiead y oh adi, Cay busdw. ¥; TRAHE DIED 0S ou platy aa er “eure aHOARYTIA ' peeks F hr Nth a pony ihuder Bat Ato Ehperir ibe ott ich ee ¥ ae 2} +h egy a) a ineiaie poe OT ps crate tt, eet} sien) Gy aes’ EE Lye: uA = er pus syetgtionkl), reminals oh par ry eatin on WPA Nhat 178 tii eee SEAL at OB ler Aaah ipl SorES, be r ee baat 88 a RF a (adpinilit aap A mda Stele GAVE ONS- Od PrOVOTIP 7 Riess Pat 8 peabdintsteody Wb Ady jidekds suo’: axa ua Cinensrcatir atierinan Wt) HUW yd flow raat phere eat subi inability Apouny Ha) a Pivetauiiet Tete witty dra LAL seep, ae Go Sadat san ry tat : of ohaoraatin ite ‘attend aie ini on she nisbaates cS At, SEAS Ot Snes nm dale ag. peOre iM! uh Ene is Taek Ht a Sh BOI Shahan, “fons, ee resto, he nlaqoea, haplaie® ans, sont - Tae Nee ah, £ hy staple MEq bier 7 i ecaereoncer at Mets et bi ohiaty ( DSP Ren hy AEM ont Hie fstnnly he Takata. 0b ail me, 3) wht ; an a oy eat Pe Seether: deh htuly 268 (tye. Cabes sergtte, a) eine baby: Pesan Wark chine drip welhow, ahh, Che ay inital anda Miva’ foul Soa eitineleowedtionday, Saciter based aaa in i. Hokenalsiw, ai atte worpparsiaygy apis ch eh aoaigan Adtomen, ventaudtly mith dongs and debigntiy bik stan bation kool ! AWUAUa ono Oho piacthy eet toenn) ie: nomiphies | hy" gedit ‘pe econ SORRY Reta ct wiih rd Ads hin CIP dy ky (ANY: -migpetetnts. :